Daphne Leigh T.

Valencia
PE 113
HISTORY
Badminton, court or lawn game played with lightweight rackets and a shuttlecock.
Historically, the shuttlecock (also known as a “bird” or “birdie”) was a small cork hemisphere with
16 goose feathers attached and weighing about 0.17 ounce (5 grams). The game is named for
Badminton, the country estate of the dukes of Beaufort in Gloucestershire, England, where it was
first played about 1873. The roots of the sport can be traced to ancient Greece, China, and India,
and it is closely related to the old children’s game battledore and shuttlecock. Badminton is derived
directly from poona, which was played by British army officers stationed in India in the 1860s.
The first unofficial all-England badminton championships for men were held in 1899, and the first
badminton tournament for women was arranged the next year.
The Badminton World Federation (BWF; originally the International Badminton
Federation), the world governing body of the sport, was formed in 1934. Badminton is also popular
in Malaysia, Indonesia, Japan, and Denmark. The BWF’s first world championships were held in
1977. The best-known of these is the All-England Championships. Other well-known international
tournaments include the Thomas Cup (donated 1939) for men’s team competition and the Uber
Cup (donated 1956) for women’s team competition.
Badminton first appeared in the Olympic Games as a demonstration sport in 1972 and as
an exhibition sport in 1988. At the 1992 Games it became a full-medal Olympic sport, with
competition for men’s and women’s singles (one against one) and doubles (two against two).
Mixed doubles was introduced at the 1996 Games.
Competitive badminton is usually played indoors because even light winds affect the course of the
shuttlecock. (Recreational badminton, on the other hand, is a popular outdoor summertime
activity.)
In international play, athletes compete in best-of-three-games matches. A game is played
to 21 points, provided that the winner has at least a 2-point advantage. If a 2-point advantage is
never reached, the first player or team to score 30 points wins. Points were only awarded to the
serving side until 2006, when the BWF adopted the “rally scoring” system, under which either side
can score at any time.
 TERMINOLOGIES
Alley - Extension of the court by l 1/2 feet on both sides for doubles play.
Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
Backcourt - Back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
Balk - Any deceptive movement that disconcerts an opponent before or during the service; often
called a "feint."
Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, parallel to the net.
Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is caught and held on
the racquet and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
Center or Base Position - Location in the center of the court to which a singles player tries to
return after each shot.
Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right service courts.
Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back boundar>Nine. The high clear is a defensive shot,
while the flatter attacking clear is used offensively.
Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.
Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
Drop - A shot hit sohly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on the opponent’s side.
Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during play (see common
faults listed below).
Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by changing an apparently
soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on the serve and at the net.
Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service line.
Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the shuttle rising, just
clearing the net, and then dropping sharply down the other side. The shuttle’s flight approximates
the shape of a hairpin.
Halfcourt Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles against the up-and-
back formation.
Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "putaway." Let - A legitimate cessation of
play to allow a rally to be replayed. Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line.1n
doubles a line 2 l/2 feet inside the back boundary line. The serve may not go past this line.
Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93 it is three out of five), to determine a
winner. Midcourt - The middle third of the court, halfway between the net and the back boundary
line.
Net Shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and drops sharply.
Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little wrist motion, usually from net or
midcourt to the opponent’s midcourt.
Racquet - Instrument used by playerto hit shuttlecock Weight:About3 ounces. Length: 27 inches.
Made of: Ceramic, graphite, or boron frame; beef-gut string. Cost: $60-$175 (unstrung).
Rally - Exchange of shots while the shuttle is in play.
Serve or Service - Stroke used to put shuttlecock into play at the start of each rally.
Service Court - Area into which the serve must be delivered. Different for singles and doubles
play.
Short Service Line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve must reach to be legal.
Shuttlecock - Official name for the object that players hit. Also known as "birdie." Weight: .17-
.l9 ounces. Made of: 16 goose feathers attached to a corktip covered with goat skin. Cost: $1.50-
$2.00. Usually lasts for no more than two games. The heavier the shuttlecock, the faster it flies.
Flies faster in higher temperatures and at higher altitudes.
Smash - Hard-hit overhead shot that forces the shuttle sharply downward. Badminton’s primary
attacking stroke.
Wood Shot - Shot that results when the base of the shuttle is hit by the frame of the racquet. Once
illegal, this shot was ruled acceptable by the International Badminton Federation in 1963.

EQUIPMENTS
Racket
The badminton racket is one of the most important tools a player has in the game. Badminton
rackets are much lighter than most other sports rackets because they are made from materials such
as carbon fiber or lighter metals such as aluminum. Parts of the racket include the head, throat,
shaft and handle with a maximum length of 27.77 inches and a width of 9 inches. It Strings that
are stretched across the opening of the racket in a checkerboard pattern, which acts as the hitting
surface. Badminton rackets can vary widely in cost depending on whether they are purchased as
part of a basic backyard set or as more expensive professional models.
Shuttlecock
The badminton shuttlecock, also referred to as a shuttle or birdie, acts similarly to a ball in other
racket sports. However, the design of the birdie creates more drag as it is propelled through the air
due to its feathered shape. The shuttlecock is made up of a cone shape with a hard cork at its tip.
Shuttlecocks can be made from a variety of materials -- more expensive models are actually made
from feathers, and less expensive models are made from plastic feathers. The shuttle has 16
feathers attached to the base and the length of the feathers range between 2.44 and 2.75 inches.
Net
A mesh net divides the badminton court into two sides. A badminton net is placed lower than a
volleyball net at five feet and one inch high on the sides and five feet high in the center. The length
may vary depending on whether doubles or singles are playing, with singles reaching 17 feet and
doubles reaching 22 feet. The net is 30 inches wide with a 3-inch white tape doubled over the top.
Facilities
The badminton court should be 44 feet long by 22 feet wide if playing doubles, and 44 feet long
by 17 feet wide for singles. If the facility is indoors, there needs to be enough height for the
shuttlecock to be able to float across the net without hitting the ceiling. This height will vary
depending on the strength of the players

FACILITIES
Badminton Court Dimensions
The overall dimensions is 20 feet by 44 feet, marking the sidelines for doubles play and
long service lines for singles play
The Net Line
The net line marks the middle of the court where the net is placed, creating a 22 feet by 20
feet area on each side of the net.
The Badminton Net
The top of the badminton net is hung 5 feet above in the center net line.
Short Service Line
The short service line is marked 6 feet 6 inches from the center line. The area inside the
short service line is also called the Non Volley Zone.
Center Line
The Center Line is the line that divides the court from the Short Service Line to the Back
Boundary Line. This delineates the Left from Right Service Court.
Side Line for Singles Play
The Singles Side Line is marked 1 1/2 feet from the edge of the outer boundary (doubles
side line)
Back Boundary Line and Long Service Line for Singles
The back boundary line is the same for singles and doubles play it is the outermost back
line on the court.
Long Service Line for Doubles
The Long Service line for Doubles is marked 2 1/2 feet inside the Back Boundary Line.

OFFICIALS
Umpire: The ‘main judge’ for the particular badminton game. He/she has the power to overrule
any decisions made by the service judge or line judges. The umpire is the person ensuring that the
badminton game is run smoothly and prevent any players from delaying the game play.
Whenever a player requests to change the shuttle, the umpire will need to approve that the change
could be made.
The umpire also looks out for faults committed around the net area such as whether a player
touched the net when returning the shuttle.
Besides, the umpire is responsible to make a ‘fault’ call when the shuttle touches the player or the
players’ attires except for the badminton racket. In badminton, it will be a fault/foul to a player if
the shuttle touches any part of that player’s body or attire.
Service Judge: The service judge is responsible in making a ‘service fault’ call and to provide
shuttles to the players.
Line Judges: Line judges sit beside the badminton court (right in front of every in/out lines) to
determine whether the shuttle is inside or outside the boundaries of the court.
Their calls are usually very subjective and are often controversial.
 RULES
Rules
 A player must wait until his opponent is ready before serving. If the opponent attempts a
return then he is ruled having been ready.
 The feet of both players must remain in a stationary position until the serve is made. Your
A feet can not be touching the line at this time.
 It is not a fault if you miss the shuttle while serving.
 The shuttle cannot be caught and slung with the racket.
 A player cannot hold his racket near the net to ward off a downward stroke by his opponent
or to interfere with his racket.
Faults
 The shuttle, at the instant of being hit is higher than the servers waist or the head of the
racket is higher than the servers racket hand.
 The shuttle does not land in the correct service court.
 The server's feet are not in the service court or if the feet of the receiver are not in the court
diagonally opposite the server.
 The server steps forward as he/she serves.
 Any player balking or feinting his opponent before serve or during serve.
 A serve or shot that lands outside the court boundaries, passes under or through the net,
touches any other obstructions or a players body or clothing. The boundary and service
lines are considered in play.
 The shuttle in play is struck before it crosses the net to the striker's side of the net. You
may follow through over the net.
 player touching the net or its supports with his body or racket while the shuttle is in play.
 Hitting the shuttle twice in succession by a player or team.
Scoring System
 A match consists of the best of 3 games of 21 points.
 Every time there is a serve – there is a point scored.
 The side winning a rally adds a point to its score.
 At 20 all, the side which gains a 2 point lead first, wins that game.
 At 29 all, the side scoring the 30th point, wins that game.
 The side winning a game serves first in the next game.
Interval and Change of Ends
 A 1 minute interval between each game is allowed.
 In the third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11 points.
Singles
 At the beginning of the game (0-0) and when the server’s score is even, the server serves
from the right service court. When the server’s score is odd, the server serves from the left
service court.
 If the server wins a rally, the server scores a point and then serves again from the alternate
service court.
 If the receiver wins a rally, the receiver scores a point and becomes the new server. They
serve from the appropriate service court – left if their score is odd, and right if it is even.
Doubles
 A side has only one ‘set’.
 The service passes consecutively to the players as shown in the diagram.
 At the beginning of the game and when the score is even, the server serves from the right
service court. When it is odd, the server serves from the left court.
 If the serving side wins a rally, the serving side scores a point and the same server serves
again from the alternate service court.
 If the receiving side wins a rally, the receiving side scores a point. The receiving side
becomes the new serving side.
 The players do not change their respective service courts until they win a point when their
side is serving.
If players commit an error in the service court, the error is corrected when the mistake is
discovered.

BASIC SKILLS
 The Ready Stance
 Forehand and Backhand Grip
 Footwork
 Strokes
 Underarm Backhand Serve