Recent Advancement in

Healthcare

Submitted to:- Submitted by :-

Sawapan Sir Deshraj Verma

Lact.;- Recent advancement in Healthcare (MBAHHM)

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 Contents

Introduction……………………………………………………………………………
…..
Demography……………………………………………………………………………
….
Health Care Delivery
System……………………………………………………………...
10th &11th Five year Health
plan………………………………………………………….
State Health
plan…………………………………………………………………………
Recommendations………………………………………………………………………
….
Introduction

The state is bordering by Myanmar in the east and south and

Bangladesh in the west, Mizoram occupies an area of great strategic
importance in the north-eastern corner of India. It has a total of 630
miles boundary with Myanmar and Bangladesh. Mizoram has the
most variegated hilly terrain in the eastern part of India. The hills
are steep and are separated by rivers that flow either to the north or
the south creating deep gorges between the hill ranges. The average
height of the hills is about 900 metres. The highest peak in Mizoram
is the Phawngpui (Blue Mountain) with a height of 2210 metres.

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Mizoram has a pleasant climate. It is generally cool in summer and
not very cold in winter. During winter, the temperature varies from
11 C to 21 C and in the summer it varies from 20 C to 29 C. The
entire area is under the direct influence of the monsoon. It rains
heavily from May to September and the average rainfall in Aizawl is
208 cm. Its latitude lies at 21o58'&24o35'N and longitude- 92o 15' &
93 o 29' E.

DEMOGRAPHY:-

The population of Mizoram is 0.89 million according to 2001 census

and is scattered over 9 districts, 26 blocks and 817 villages. The
State has the density of 42 persons per sq. km. As against decadal
growth rate of 21.54% at the national level, the population of the
State has grown by 29.18% over the period 1991-2001. The sex
ratio of Mizoram at 935 females to 1000 males is higher than the
national average of 933. Female literacy of the State rose to
86.13% from 78.6% in 1991.

HEALTH CARE DELIVERY SYSTEM OF MIZORAM

The Total Fertility Rate of the State is NA. The Infant Mortality Rate
is 37 and Maternal Mortality Ratio is NA (SRS 2004 - 2006). The Sex
Ratio in the State is 935 (as compared to 933 for the country).
Comparative figures of major health and demographic indicators are
as follows:

Demographic, Socio-economic and Health profile of Mizoram State as

compared to India figures

S. Item Mizoram India

No.

1 Total population (Census 2001) (in 0.89 1028.61

millions)

2 Decadal Growth (Census 2001) (%) 28.82 21.54

3 Crude Birth Rate (SRS 2008) 17.8 22.8

4 Crude Death Rate (SRS 2008) 5.1 7.4

5 Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2008) NA 2.6

6 Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2008) 37 53

7 Maternal Mortality Ratio (SRS 2004 NA 254

- 2006)

8 Sex Ratio (Census 2001) 935 933

9 Population below Poverty line (%) 19.47 26.10

10 Schedule Caste population (in 0.0003 166.64

million)

11 Schedule Tribe population (in 0.84 84.33

million)

12 Female Literacy Rate (Census 2001) 86.7 53.7

(%)

Health Infrastructure of Mizoram

Item Required In Shortfall

Position

Sub-centre 146 366 -

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 Primary Health Centre 22 57 -

Community Health Centre 5 9 -

Multipurpose Worker 423 428 -

(Female)/ANM

Health Worker (Male)/MPW(M) 366 398 -

Health Assistants(Female)/LHV 57 48 9

Health Assistants(Male) 57 54 3

Doctor at PHCs 57 52 5

Surgeons 9 0 9

Obstetricians & Gynaecologists 9 0 9

Physicians 9 0 9

Paediatricians 9 0 9

Total specialists at CHCs 36 0 36

Radiographers 9 10 -

Pharmacist 66 56 10

Laboratory Technicians 66 76 -

Nurse Midwife 120 335 -

The other Health Institution in the State are detailed as under:

Health Institution Number

 Medical College

District Hospitals 8

Referral Hospitals

City Family Welfare Centre

Rural Dispensaries

Ayurvedic Hospitals -

Ayurvedic Dispensaries -

Unani Hospitals -

Unani Dispensaries -

Homeopathic Hospitals -

Homeopathic Dispensary 1

Tenth Five Year Plan

 Building up a fully functional, accurate Health Management

Information System (HMIS) utilising currently available IT
tools; this real time communication link will send data on
births, deaths, diseases, request for drugs, diagnostics and
equipment and status of ongoing programmes through service
channels within existing infra-structure and manpower and
funding; it will also facilitate decentralized district based
planning, implementation and monitoring

 REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH PROGRAMMES

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  Building up an efficient and effective logistics system for the
supply of drugs, vaccines and consumables based on need and
utilization
 Effective implementation of the provisions for food and drug
safety Mizoram

 Research and development to solve major health problems

confronting the country including basic and clinical research on
drugs needed for the management of emerging diseases and
operational research to improve efficiency of service delivery

Eleventh Five Year Plan

 Improving Health Equity

 NRHM
 NUHM

 Preventing indebtedness due to expenditure on

health/protecting the poor from health expenditures
 Creating mechanisms for Health Insurance
 Health Insurance for the unorganized sector

 Promoting public awareness about the strengths and

contemporary relevance of AYUSH through IEC.
 Improving the status of quality of clinical services by creating
specialty AYUSH Secondary and Tertiary Care Centers.

Mizoram State Health plan

NRHM

 National Rural Health Our History was launched by Hon’ble

 Prime Minister on 12th July, 2005, to provide effective health
care to rural population throughout the country with special
focus on 18 states with weak public health indicator which
include Mizoram.

 The Our History will ensure quality health care to people living
in rural and most remote part of the country through a range
of interventions at individual, household, community and most
critically at the rural health system levels. Despite
considerable gains in health status over the past few decades
in terms of increased life expectancy reduction in mortality
and morbidity serious challenges still remain.

 The NRHM is conceived within the following set of Guiding

Principles:
1. Promote equity, access, efficiency, quality and
accountability in Public Health System.
2. Enhance people oriented and community based approaches.
3. Decentralize and involve local bodies
4. Ensure Public Health Focus
5. Recognized value of traditional knowledge base of
communities
6. Promote new innovations, method and process
development.

Health insurance
Mizoram Health Care Scheme, a health insurance scheme, was
implemented in April 2008. It is aimed at improving access of
families to quality medical care for treatment of diseases involving
hospitalization and surgery through an empanelled network of
healthcare providers. The scheme covers 150,000 families, all
bonafide residents of Mizoram, except Government and Public
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Sector employees and their dependents. Benefits covered relate to
medical expenses incurred on hospitalization in hospitals both within
and outside the State. Government of Mizoram established the
Mizoram State Health Care Society as the project implementation
agency for the scheme. Through a process of selection that involved
bidding by national level insurance companies based on a published
Request for Proposal (RFP), Reliance General Insurance Company
was chosen to provide the coverage.

Homeopathy / Ayush:

Rs. 0.70 lakhs is provided for maintenance of existing staff, office

expenses and material supply. The Govt. of India has placed great
importance for popularization of Indian System of Medicines and 10
posts of BHMS/BAMS are being engaged on contract basis under
NRHM.
To promote Indian Systems of Medicines and Homeopathy, namely,
Aryurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Sidhha and Homeopathy
to the people as an alternative health care, as well as
mainstreaming these systems of medicine in the health care system
of the nation.

Setting up of AYUSH Wing in District Allopathic Hospitals (Outdoor

facilities of one or two systems of (AYUSH) and Drug Testing
Laboratory (AYUSH) for testing of medicinal plants for which
Mizoram is having rich resources.

Construction of AYUSH Hospital (10 bedded) in all District Hospitals

is completed. Besides this, Out Patients Department Building has
also been constructed within the Civil Hospital compound at Aizawl
adjacent to the OPD of Civil Hospital.The work is still going on and it
is in progress. The ground floor is now being occupied for OPD of
AYUSH

Perched on the high hills of north-eastern India, Mizoram is a

storehouse of natural beauty with its picturesque landscape, hilly
terrains, meandering streams, deep gorges as well as rich wealth of
flora and fauna. Flanked by Bangladesh on the west and Myanmar
on the east and south, Mizoram occupies an important strategic
position having a long international boundary of 722 Kms. As per
2001 census, the total population of the state is 8,91,058, with a
high literacy rate of 88.49 %. Agriculture is the main occupation and
most people in Mizoram speak Mizo, the local language.

The State has been divided into eight Districts, 23 Rural

Development Blocks, 24 Sub-Divisions and 3 Autonomous District
Councils. Total number of villages as per 2001 census is 817 and
there are 40 Assembly Constituencies.

Recognizing IT as the fastest and the most advanced vehicle of

change for all-round progress and development of the State,
Mizoram advocates widespread proliferation of IT in the state and
supports promotion of IT in the fields of e-Governance,
empowerment of people, education, industry, health, rural
development, agriculture, tourism and IT enabled services.

With a vision to ‘improve the quality of life of every citizen of

Mizoram and transforming Mizoram into a knowledge based state’,
the Government of Mizoram and NIC Mizoram are working together
for an effective e-government in the state with a well defined action
plan -

Building up a fully functional, accurate Health Management

Information System (HMIS) utilising currently available IT tools; this
real time communication link will send data on births, deaths,
diseases, request for drugs, diagnostics and equipment and status of

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ongoing programmes through service channels within existing infra-
structure and manpower and funding; it will also facilitate
decentralized district based planning, implementation and
monitoring

REPRODUCTIVE & CHILD HEALTH PROGRAMMES

Schemes which had been implemented during RCH I were mostly

concerned with rural health, the GoI has approved Urban Health
Project for Aizawl and Lunglei towns(mizorm) since January 2004.
Consequently, Other District capitals are also to take up under
Urban health project for which proposals have already been
submitted to Government of India.
RCH I has technically ended on 31st March 2004. The Government
of India has however extended one year Interim period for
preparation of project implementation plan (PIP) for RCH II. Since
there have been improvements in the areas of services provided to
some extent during RCH I, the Government of India decided to
continue RCH phase II during 2005 – 2010, so that the targeted
group may get better health at maximum level.

Effective implementation of the provisions for food and drug

safety Mizoram

The approach paper for the 11th Five Year Plan calls for a
comprehensive approach which encompasses individual health care,
public health, sanitation, clean drinking water, access to food and
knowledge about hygiene and feeding practice. It also states the
need to upscale more schemes related to community management
of water reducing the maintenance burden and responsibility of the
state. It is envisaged to provide clean drinking water for all by 2009
and ensure that there are no slip-backs by the end of the 11th Plan.
The Government of India launched the National Rural Drinking
Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programmed in February
2006. This envisages institutionalization of community participation
for monitoring and surveillance of drinking water sources at the
grassroots level by gram panchayats and Village Water and
Sanitation Committees, followed by checking the positively tested
samples at the district and state level laboratories. One major
problem when it comes to addressing the problems related to water
is that the provisions for water are distributed
across various ministries and institutions. With several institutions
involved in water supply, intersectoral
coordination becomes critical for the success of any programmed

Logistic system for supply of Drugs

Building up an efficient and effective logistics system for the supply

of drugs, vaccines and consumables based on need and utilization;
During Annual Plan 2009-2010, Rs. 63.98 lakhs for maintenance of
existing staff. It aims to ensure abundant availability at reasonable
price of essential life saving drugs of good quality. To ensure the
quality and standard of drugs available in the market which could be
achieved through enforcement of Drugs & Cosmetics Act 1940 and
Rules 1945. To promote safe and rational use of different categories
of Drugs such as Allopathic Drugs, Blood and Blood Projects,
Vaccines and Sera, Homeopathic Drugs and Ayurvedic Drugs. To
cure the prevalence of illegal use of prescription medicines and
narcotic drugs.

Recommendations

1. State govt. should more focus on HMIS and Establishing e-Health

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2. Improving access to and utilization of essential and quality health
care

3 Increasing focus on Health Human Resources

4. Building up an effective system of disease surveillance and

response at the district, state and national level as a part of existing
health services

Thank you