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Producto: WHEEL LOADER

Modelo: 950K WHEEL LOADER R4A
Configuración: 950K Wheel Loader R4A00001-UP (MACHINE) POWERED BY C7.1 Engine

Operación de Sistemas
950K Wheel Loader and 962K
Wheel Loader Power Train
Número de medio -KENR5790-00 Fecha de publicación -01/09/2011 Fecha de actualización -30/09/2011

i02394885

Limited Slip Differential

SMCS - 3263

The limited slip differential combines standard differential components with a special multi-disc
clutch arrangement. The limited slip differential is designed to provide equal power to both wheels
until the ground conditions cause a difference in traction between the left wheel and the right
wheel. The limited slip differential transfers power from the wheel with the least traction to the
wheel with the most traction.

The limited slip differential is a direct replacement for the standard differential. The limited slip
differential is available in both the front axle group and the rear axle group.

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Illustration 1 g00280829

Limited Slip Differential

(1) Case housing. (2) Thrust washer. (3) Clutch pack. (4) Actuator housing. (5) Side gears. (6) Pinion (gears). (7)
Pinion (gears). (8) Pinion shafts.

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Illustration 2 g00352596

Locking Ratio

(4) Actuator housing. (8) Pinion shaft. (9) 45 degree angle.

When the wheels have equal traction, the limited slip differential sends an equal amount of power
to both of the wheels. This is similar to the function of the standard differential. One wheel begins
to turn faster than the other wheel if there is a loss of traction. When this occurs, the internal
forces that are present between shaft (8) and actuator housings (4) will react on 45 degree angle
(9). The internal forces push actuator housings (4) against clutch packs (3). The torque of the
clutch pack limits the loss of traction to the wheel that is turning faster.

The limited loss of traction is due to the internal friction of the differential. This effect is produced
by two clutch packs (3) which are arranged symmetrically in the differential housing. In a standard
differential, one wheel can be held in position when the engine is running and a gear is engaged.
The other wheel will turn faster. In the limited slip differential, the above procedure would be
more difficult because of clutch packs (3). The above procedure will become more difficult as
power increases.

The limited slip differential is identical on the left side and the right side of two pinion shafts (8).
The limited slip differential contains the following components: two thrust washers (2), two clutch
packs (3), two actuator housings (4), two bevel gears (5) and four pinion gears (7) .

The inside splines of side gears (5) are connected to the sun gears for the final drives. The outside
splines of side gears (5) are meshed with the inner friction discs in clutch packs (3). The side gears
send the power through the sun gears and to the final drives.

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Housing (1) is fastened to the bevel gear. Housing (1) has inner grooves which hold the outer
discs. The outer discs are in clutch pack (3). The clutch pack also has inner discs between the
outer discs. The inner discs are splined to the side gears. Actuator housings (4) also fit in the same
grooves. The actuator housings are held with the discs from moving radially. Side gears (5) fit into
actuator housings (4). Pinion shafts (8) also fit into actuator housings (4). The pinion shafts lie in
the 45 degree notches in the actuator housings. Pinion gear (6) and pinion gear (7) are installed on
the pinion shafts.

Illustration 3 g00280979

Disassembled Limited Slip Differential

(1) Housing. (2) Thrust washer. (3) Clutch pack. (4) Actuator housing. (5) Side gears. (6) Pinion (gears). (7) Pinion
(gears). (8) Pinion shafts.

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Operation of the Limited Slip Differential

Illustration 4 g00352597

Normal No-slip Conditions

The limited slip differential operates identically to a standard differential during straight forward
operation or during straight reverse operation. The limited slip differential provides 50 percent
torque to each wheel.

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Illustration 5 g00352598

Maximum Slipping Conditions

When one wheel begins to turn faster than the other wheel, the clutch pack on the faster turning
wheel is slipping. This means that only 28 percent of the input torque is available at that wheel. 72
percent of the input torque is available to the slower turning wheel. For example, the inside tire
during a turn provides 72 percent of the traction.

The advantage of a limited slip differential over a standard differential is shown by the difference
in torque.

A standard differential could only transfer the same amount of torque from the slipping side to the
opposite side. The limited slip differential can transfer 2.6 times the amount of torque to the
slipping side. The overall advantage of the limited slip differential would be a 45 percent increase
in traction to the slipping side.

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Copyright 1993 - 2011 Caterpillar Inc. Fri Nov 18 09:17:36 EST 2011
Todos los derechos reservados.
Red privada para licenciados del SIS.

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