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Vocabulary
1 Choose the correct answer.

1. It is … to send flowers to friends on their birthdays.


a. tolerant b. appropriate c. liberal
2. Among the places mentioned in our geography book, Antarctica has got the smallest … .
a. stereotype b. cultural events c. population
3. The best way to … a person is by his or her actions.
a. judge b. adapt c. offend
4. In … , everybody has the right to vote for the government.
a. ethnic groups b. democracies c. major religions
5. I’m angry with Bill. His remarks were very … .
a. offensive b. widely spoken c. respectful

2 Complete the passage with the words or expressions below.

rude • offend • unique • ethnic groups • traditional food • diverse • formal • respect

In my work, I travel a lot and often eat out with colleagues who come from (1) ……………………… backgrounds and from
a variety of (2) ……………………… . I am always careful to (3) ……………………… their customs and beliefs. For
example, I’ve learned not to point with chopsticks, or lick them, because it’s (4) ……………………… , and I don’t stick
them upright in rice. It’s supposed to bring bad luck. In order not to (5) ……………………… my hosts, I sometimes
pretend to enjoy unusual foods such as strange sea creatures in China, or sheep’s eyes in the Middle East. At a large
(6) ……………………… dinner in Scotland, I was served haggis, a stuffed sheep’s stomach, which is the
(7) ……………………… of the country. When asked if I liked it, I smiled and said it had a (8) ……………………… flavour.

3 Complete the sentences with the expressions below.

pop culture • multicultural • culture shock • cultural events • cultural taboo

1. We didn’t know that in their country, talking on mobile phones in restaurants is a ……………………… .
2. With people from so many countries living there, the city is ……………………… .
3. When Westerners visit Third World countries, they often experience ……………………… .
4. The Beatles’ music was a big part of the ……………………… of the 1960s.
5. Paul’s job is to organise concerts, plays and other ……………………… .

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4 Complete the sentences with the words below.

conservative • rude • monarchy • appropriate • national holiday • adapt

1. On New Year’s Day, no one works or goes to school.


New Year is a ……………………… .
2. You shouldn’t take babies to elegant restaurants.
Taking a baby to an elegant restaurant isn’t ……………………… .
3. The country has always been ruled by kings and queens.
The country is a ……………………… .
4. Speak and behave politely, please.
Please don’t be ……………………… .
5. It’s impossible to persuade them to accept new ideas.
They are so ……………………… .
6. You’ll have to change your ways to suit your new situation.
You must ……………………… to the situation.

5 Add a suffix (-able, -ible, -ous, -ful, -al, -ive or -ate) to the words to form adjectives.
Use a dictionary to help you.

1. effect ……………… 6. use ………………


2. luxury ……………… 7. fashion ………………
3. help ……………… 8. passion ………………
4. sense ……………… 9. experiment ………………
5. wash ……………… 10. adventure ………………

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Grammar
1 Choose the correct answer.

1. I can’t / don’t have to / needn’t see without my glasses.


2. There’s school tomorrow, so we could / have to / are able to be home early tonight.
3. It’s cold. I think you can / are able to / ought to take a sweater.
4. We’ll look after you. You needn’t / can’t / may not be afraid.
5. The doctors say Uncle Jeff doesn’t have to / might not / mustn’t work so hard.

2 Match each sentence in A to a continuation in B.

A B
1. You could tidy your room. ..... a. He’s a great player.
2. She can’t have known about the party. ..... b. It’s not on the table.
3. They shouldn’t have left without us. ..... c. She’d already heard.
4. Someone must have taken the letter. ..... d. It wasn’t nice of them.
5. The coach ought to choose Joe for the team. ..... e. It was a big secret.
6. I didn’t have to tell Betty what had happened. ..... f. It would look much nicer.

3 Choose the correct continuation.

1. He must have known we were coming.


a. He prepared a delicious meal. b. He looks so surprised.
2. You shouldn’t have eaten so quickly.
a. You don’t want to be sick. b. You will be sick.
3. They could have bought it.
a. They had enough money. b. They didn’t have enough money.
4. She might have called.
a. I am at home. The phone didn’t ring. b. I wasn’t at home. I don’t know.
5. My parents couldn’t have seen that film.
a. They would have told me. b. They aren’t going out tonight.

4 Complete the sentences with the correct modal perfect form of the word in brackets.
There may be more than one possible answer.

1. There isn’t one mistake in this composition. Bill ……………………………… (write) it without help.
2. There’s no water in the dog’s bowl. He ……………………………… (drink) it all.
3. We’ve missed the bus. We ……………………………… (leave) the house earlier.
4. You ……………………………… (tell) me about the sale, but I don’t remember.

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5 Complete the sentences using a modal or modal perfect from A and the correct form
of a verb from B.

can’t • couldn’t have • should have


A
won’t have to • may • needn’t have

B snow • call • read • be • bring • do

1. I’m sorry we were out. You ……………………………… to tell us you were coming.
2. Thanks, but you ……………………………… any drinks. We’ve got plenty.
3. Your handwriting is terrible. I ……………………………… it.
4. It’s very cold. It ……………………………… tonight.
5. Everything will be ready tonight. We ……………………………… anything tomorrow.
6. She ……………………………… a model. She wasn’t tall enough.

6 Rewrite the following sentences with a suitable modal or modal perfect.


Do not change the original meaning of the sentences.

1. She’s famous. Of course they’ve heard of her.


She’s famous. They ............................................................................... .
2. What do you think about inviting the Browns for coffee?
Do you think .......................................................................................... ?
3. His injuries stopped him from working.
He .......................................................................................................... .
4. I’m sorry. It was a mistake not to ask for your permission.
I’m sorry. I .............................................................................................. .

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