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Committee Economic and Social Council

Issue Ensuring adequate Universal Healthcare is available to all


Individuals

Name Amaya Lilles

Position President

Introduction
Providing universal healthcare for all individuals has been a basic necessity, a right that
every human continues to be entitled to. Yet, this ideal is still at the forefront of national
workings, with international organizations working to make this ideal a reality for
everyone.

As nations try to battle recurring disease epidemics, navigate the evolving vaccination
debate, and provide funding for clinics and health institutions at all levels of society,
countries are working together to legislate policy that minimize the negative effects to
their people as well as their economy. According to the World Health Organization
(WHO) and World Bank Group (WBG), 400 million people do not have access to
essential health services and 6% of people in low- and middle-income countries are
tipped into or pushed further into extreme poverty because of health spending.
Definition of Key Terms

Term Definition (source)

Health A state of complete physical, mental and


social well-being and not merely the absence
of disease or infirmity. (World Health
Organization)

Universal Healthcare A system that provides quality medical


services to all citizens. The federal
government offers it to everyone regardless
of their ability to pay. (The Balance)

Universal Health Coverage (UHC) All people and communities can use the
promotive, preventive, curative, rehabilitative
and palliative health services they need, of
sufficient quality to be effective, while also
ensuring that the use of these services does
not expose the user to financial hardship.
(World Health Organization)

Article 25 of the Universal Declaration of Everyone has the right to a standard of living
Human Rights (UDHR) adequate for the health and well-being of
himself and of his family, including food,
clothing, housing and medical care and
necessary social services, and the right to
security in the event of unemployment,
sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or
other lack of livelihood in circumstances
beyond his control. (United Nations)

Background Information
The main barrier toward achieving universal healthcare is the issue of funding.
Countries who lack financial stability and an adequate economic status are unable to
implement the necessary processes to provide primary health care systems that are
practical, community-based, and are scientifically sound throughout all of their
communities.

However, these main issues come with underlying obstacles to achieving this world
ideal. Most notably are issues of discrimination; at the forefront of the provision of
adequate healthcare is the matter of giving equal attention to people including those of
different races, women, children, adolescents, and persons with disabilities, in order to
promote equality, security, and cooperation.

In general, all nations have been working toward achieving universal healthcare. It is
especially in the interest of LEDC’s to seek funding through international aid. Thus, the
participation of Intergovernmental and nongovernmental organizations to foster
interdependence is of utmost necessity to this issue.
Major Organisations Involved
World Health Organization (WHO)
The WHO is, arguably, the leading organization working to “promote health, keep the
world safe, and serve the vulnerable,” (What We Do, WHO). The organization’s
constitution was implemented on April 7 of 1948, and the 150 member countries have
been working together to achieve universal healthcare coverage since then.

Timeline of Events

Date of Event Description of Event

1796 The first successful vaccine is introduced, developed,


and implemented by Edward Jenner for smallpox.

1946 The National Health Service Act was created “to


provide a framework for a structured uniform health
system within the Republic, taking into account the
obligations imposed by the Constitution and other laws
on the national, provincial and local governments with
regard to health services.”

April 7, 1948 The WHO is founded, with the primary goal of


reducing exclusion and social disparities in health;
organizing health services around people's needs and
expectations; integrating health into all sectors;
pursuing collaborative models of policy dialogue; and
increasing stakeholder participation.

December 10, 1948 The UDHR was adopted by the United Nations
General Assembly to put to practice 30 inalienable
entitlements, including Article 25 (key definition).

1952 Polio is the #1 infection killing children in US.

2014 The start of the Ebola outbreak, originating from


Western Africa.

2015 The United Nations Sustainability Goals is launched.

Solutions (Past and Possible)


● National healthcare policies - The key to providing universal health care lies in
the legislation of each country. Once funding is secure, the next steps require
careful implementation and execution of specific processes that detail issues of
health and wellbeing. These may include:
○ Subsidized healthcare - Many countries facilitate subsidized healthcare, in
which employees are given free, annual wellness check ups for
preventative measures as well as the resources of certified professionals.
○ Monitoring of medical institutions - Another issue is to ensure all health
care offered is of top quality. That being said, there must be some form of
monitoring when it comes to hospitals and clinics to ensure the
procedures being carried out are updated and of the right code.
○ Research and development of medicine - Being able to provide alongside
technological and medical advancements is of utmost importance.
Maintaining a high level of knowledge on these aspects dictate the
direction of healthcare in an individual’s everyday life.

Resources for further Reading


● https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/UDHRIndex.aspx
● https://www.who.int/about/what-we-do

Bibliography
“A Brief History of the NHS - BBC Newsround.” ​BBC News​, BBC,
www.bbc.com/timelines/zmjbd6f​.
“Health Care Timeline.” ​Health Over Profit,​ 5 Apr. 2018,
www.healthoverprofit.org/health-care-timeline/​.
“History.” ​World Health Organization,​ World Health Organization,
www.who.int/about/who-we-are/history​.
“The Universal Declaration of Human Rights.” ​OHCHR​,
www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Pages/UDHRIndex.aspx​.
To end on a very important note:
Plagiarism is considered academic dishonesty and will not be tolerated in the
MUN Locals Conference 2019, as it can lead to serious repercussions.

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