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1. Aggravation
For Example
Distension: Quantitative aggravation of Vata
Tremors: Qualitative aggravation, Mobile
Insomnia: Due to aggravation of action of Vata
2. Depletion
Vikriti: Disease
Principles of Disease
1. Imbalance can occur in one location or in the whole body
e.g. Heart Palpitations are localized whereas emaciation covers the whole body
2. The Doshas are interconnected, the aggravation (Vriddhi) of one Dosha means the depletion (Kshaya) of
another.
e.g. Congestion is Kapha Vriddhi and Pitta Kshaya; Heartburn is Pitta Vriddhi and Kapha Kshaya.
3. In the disease process (Samprapti), importance is mainly given to Dosha Vriddhi (aggravation).
e.g. In heartburn we should try to lower Pitta whereas in congestion we should try to lower Kapha.
4. Vriddhi Samanaihi Sarvesham, Viparitaihi Viparyayha: The Doshas increase by the same quality as the
Dravyas (herb, food) we intake and decrease by their opposite qualities.
e.g. Congestion is worsened by ice-cold water and improved by warm water.
Vikriti: Disease
Vikaro Dhatu Vaishamyam
Dhatu Imbalance is Disease
1. Pradnya Aparadha
Kalabuddhiindryarthanam
2. Asatmya-Indriyarth Samyog Yogo Mithya na cha ati cha
Dvayashrayanam vyadhinam
Overuse, non -use, or misuse use of the senses.
trividho hetusangradah
3. Parinama
Vikriti: Disease
Pradnya Aparadha Ahankara and Manasa Buddhi
Mistaken Intellect; A Crime Against Wisdom
e.g. Following a diet plan and then going back to your Attachment Detachment
original eating habits; Cigarette smoking; Drinking
alcohol in spite of knowing its harmful effect. Desire No desire
Pradnya Aparadha is the main cause of disease. It is
making wrong or unhealthy choices. Actions done Anger Calmness
without using discrimination of Buddhi. Ahankara,
(the ego) darkens the intellect and tries to take Delusion Tranquility
control mind. Due to ignorance or delusion, person
goes away from right actions.
Destruction Moksha (Liberation)
Vikriti: Disease
Asatmya Indriyartha Samyoga
Improper Use of the Senses
For Example
Kapha aggravation in spring,
Not thinking clearly when the
mind is restless.
Vikriti: Disease
In the disease process, the Doshas
aggravate and the Dhatus are
depleted (most of the time), so
many diseases show signs of Dosha
Vriddhi and Dhatu Kshaya.
Dhatu Kshaya & Vriddhi: Signs
Dhatu Kshaya Vriddhi
Excessive thirst, sweating, obesity, diabetes,
Meda Thinness, weakness, cracking of the joints, displaced spleen
clammy skin
Asthi Weak & brittle bones, hair loss, weak nails, teeth, gum and joints, Bone tumors, enlargement of the bones and
lack of stamina and fractures teeth, extra teeth, spurs
Majja Weak & dry bones, sciatica, osteoporosis, confusion, darkness in Heaviness in the eyes & body, tumors of the
front of the eyes, dizziness, vertigo and epilepsy nerves and brain
Shukra
Less quantity of semen, premature ejaculation, impotence Prostatic calculi, excessive sex
Mala Kshaya & Vriddhi: Signs
Mala Kshaya Vriddhi
Scanty, acidic urine, painful micturition, blood in urine, pain
Mutra Excessive urination, diabetes
in the bladder area, thirst
Scanty feces, pain in the lower abdomen, distension, Loose, watery stools, mineral nutrient
Purisha
gurgling loss
Sweda Absent or minimal sweat, dry or red skin Excessive sweat, foul smell to the body
Nidan Panchak
Before treatment, the disease must be diagnosed properly. Without
proper diagnose, you can’t treat a disease. In Ayurveda it is done by
Nidan Panchak: A five-step disease diagnosis technique.
Nidan may aggravate the Doshas, but depending on where they localize (Srotas), the
diseases vary. Aggravated Kapha (in stomach - rasa) may cause fever, but (in Asthi)
may cause swollen painful joints. So these signs indicate the site of the disease.
If you take measures at this stage, the disease process may be halted.
Nidan Panchak
Roop: The Cardinal Signs of Disease
These signs are described in the Ayurvedic texts.
Unless specific signs are present, the disease diagnosis is not complete.
For Example
Body aches may be a Purvaroop, but increased temperature is the Roop of
fever.
4. Mind-Body Connection
The Uniqueness of Ayurvedic Chikitsa
5. (Mostly) No Side Effects
The treatment is customized or it is Prakriti specific
so no side effects
Herbs are natural, and they are special foods, so
body can digest them like foods.
Whole herbs are used, so passive ingredients in the
herbs balance active ingredients
Herbal formulas are the mixture of herbs which act
synergistically improving the efficacy and reducing “If a patient is eating a balanced
the undesirable effect diet, why do they need medicine?
And if he is not eating a balanced
6. Diet Modification diet, what is the use of taking
The right diet is recommended for each disease. medicine?”
—Ayurvedic Saying
The Uniqueness of Ayurvedic Chikitsa
7. The Emphasis on Removing the Cause of the
Disease
8. Vajikarana Treatment
Is used to increase Shukra Dhatu and to improve the
quality of progeny. In some diseases the imbalance
affects, vitiates or reduces Ojas.
e.g. AIDs or various types of Cancers. In such cases Ojas is
increased by Sattvic diet.
Pratishyaya: Allergic Rhinitis
Spring, fall season, dust or pollens, cold foods, prolonged stay in cold environment, sleeping
Nidan
during the day
Roopa Itchy and runny nose, redness of eyes, mucus and congestion, mild fever, cough
Due to Nidan, Kapha or Vata aggravates (Kapha: Heavy, Oily, sticky qualities) (Vata: Cold,
mobile qualities) and causes all the symptoms.
Samprapti
Due to Kapha the mucus is sticky, heavy and cold.
Due to Vata the mucus is watery, cold.
Shodhana, massage with warm sesame oil, steam, Nasya with warm Vacha or anu oil, ginger
paste is applied on the forehead and on the sinuses around the nose, herbs such as Trikatu,
Chikitsa
Vasa, Turmeric, Basil, Cloves, Chitrak, Tulsi, Cinnamon, cardamom or rock sugar, formulas
such as allergone or cofix (Sitopaladi Churna).
Anaha: Constipation
Anaha is constipation: The absence of bowel
movements and/or sluggish or hard stools.
The number of bowel movements depends on
the constitution, type of diet and the general
activity of the person. Ideally, one should have
at least one bowel movement in day and the
stools should float on the water. If the stools
sink, are sticky, or have a foul smell, this
indicates the presence of Ama or toxins in the
colon.
Another meaning of Anaha is blockage of undigested food
in the Amashaya. Sticky, heavy Ama may physically block
the sphincter (the opening between the stomach and the
small intestine) and food can’t pass in the small intestine.
Anaha: Constipation
Amanaha (due to Ama), Purishanaha (due to accumulation of feces).
Types
Eating Vata aggravating (cold, dry) foods, resisting urges, medicines, not exercising, eating
processed foods , eating less fiber, not drinking enough water , vata aggravating lifestyle,
Nidan weak peristalsis, obstruction in the intestine, excessive use of laxatives, coffee, soft drinks,
smoking, worry
Heaviness, pain in the abdomen, indigestion.
Purvaroopa
Constipation, distension, restlessness, gurgling sounds in the stomach, pain (mild to severe)
Roopa in the abdomen, back ache and stiffness, difficulty breathing, fainting, nausea, vomiting,
coating of tongue.
In Stomach: Due to Ama, food gets blocked in the stomach stays undigested produces gas,
and distension - causes severe pain.
Samprapti In Colon: Due to Vata aggravation (dry quality) feces becomes hard – block colon – causes
more gas and distension – severe pain in lower abdomen.
Anaha: Constipation
Shodhana: Snehana, Swedana, Anuvasan Basti, Niruha Basti (decoction of bala, fennel, and
cardamom with sesame oil and honey), Suppository (Guda-varti), Virechana
Herbs: Haritaki, Bibhitaki, Amalaki, Nishottar, Castor oil, Aloe, Ginger, asafetida, pippali,
Chikitsa black salt, flaxseed, psyllium husk, Hingwashtak Churna, Lavana Bhaskar Churna, Sukhasarak
Churna
Formulas: Trilax, Aloemin, Easylax
Warm, light foods, cooked foods, (Mung dal, rice); Add more (sesame) oil and spices in the
Diet food; Limes, raisins, prunes; Warm water
Do not resist urges; Do Abhyanga; Exercise every day; Reduce Vata aggravating life (Flying
often, too much traveling, too much running around, cold environment); Eat at the right
times; Eat three meals; Drink plain water in the morning.
Lifestyle Tip: Ayurveda has advised to drink water from copper vessel. Ask the patient to fill up
copper vessel with fresh water at his bedside, and drink the same in the early morning, as
much as he can. This sets a gastrointestinal colic reflex, which in turn helps the bowels to
clean. This will have no immediate effects, but after 3 to 4 weeks the bowels should start
functioning properly.
Agnimandya: Weak Digestion
When the Agni becomes very weak, causing sluggish digestion, it is
called Agnimandya.
Weak Pachaka Pitta, poor peristaltic movement, blockage of Srotas resulting in the digestive enzymes not being able to
reach their site of action.
Nidan Overeating; eating before previous food is digested; eating ignoring indigestion; eating heavy, dense, gas producing food;
eating uncooked or half cooked food; eating excessively sweet, sour and salty food; sleeping after meals; drinking lot of
water during meal; resisting the urges; worry, anxiety, fear.
Purvaroopa Heaviness in the stomach, aversion to food, lethargy.
Vataja: Pain in the abdomen, distension, rumbling sound in the stomach, constipation, tension in the body, heaviness, dry
throat, pain in the chest and back, thinness, weakness.
Roopa Pittaja: Burning sensation in chest, fainting, dizziness, perspiration.
Kaphaja: Heaviness in the whole body, sinus headaches, Nausea, sweet sour taste in the mouth, lethargy, laziness.
Agnimandya: Weak Digestion
Kapha Aggravation weakens Agni. If a person keeps
eating Kapha aggravating foods further, it makes
Agni weaker, worsening the problem. Food stays
only partially digested and moves further in the
large intestine to be absorbed. Therefore, instead
Samprapti of in the form of nutrient, the food becomes toxin
to the body. So Agnimandya is the root cause of
most of the diseases.
Nidans such as weak Agni, Kapha Aggravation or
ama formation further weaken Agni and cause
Agnimandya
Shodhana depending on Dosha aggravation;
Strengthen Agni by warming herbs and change diet
Chikitsa to balance Doshas; Use medicated ghee to balance
Samana Vayu; Use of herbalized ghee (with salts)
if there is constipation; Eat food in moderation
Agnimandya: Weak Digestion
If Agnimandya is due to Vata, ghee treated with warming herbs is recommended; If Agnimandya is due to Kapha, warming herb
powder, asava (cold infusion), arishta (warm decoction) are recommended; If there is distension, oil (anuvasana basti) and cleansing
(Niruha basti) enemas are recommended; If the Agni is Manda due any disease, ghee is recommended as it kindles Agni.
Vataja Agnimandya
Chikitsa Basti; Use of various salts (rock salt, sea salt, black salt, etc). Salts retain water in the body e.g. Lavanbhaskar Churna, Hingwashtak
Depending Churna. Salt-treated ghee is also useful.
on Certain
Pittaja Agnimandya
Conditions
Virechana; Panchatikta ghee, Neem, Guduchi, Musta, Vacha
Kaphaja Agnimandya
Vamana; Heating herbs with pungent, sour, salty taste are used. e.g. Ginger, black pepper, ajwan, cloves, chitrak, pippali; Digestine,
B-lite
Light foods, rice, mung, ginger, garlic, pomegranate, limes, salt, cumin seeds, coriander seeds, buttermilk
Diet
Regular exercise kindles Agni, lightens body, burns fat; Eat only when feels hungry; Eat in moderation; Drink warm water.
Lifestyle