ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY TO SUPPORT THE

SOUTH COASTAL AREA OF BERAU DISTRICT

Abstract. The southern coastel region of Berau regency is part of Berau district,
East Kalimantan Province. This region consists of five sub-districts, namely
Tabalar, Lempake, Talisayan, Batu Putih and Biduk-Biduk Sub-Districts. There is
no doubt to describe how beatiful the nature and the tourism potential of this area.
Even it is one of the special assets which is helping the economy in the southern
coastel region of Berau. Especially for tourism sector. To accelerate tourism
growth in the southern coastel region of Berau Regency,the regional government
needs to plan better transportation development strategy. The condition of access
is quite far and the road network which is mostly damaged results in travel time
and the level of road services being low. This causes losses for road users,
especially in terms of waste of time, fuel, and the low performance of the road
itself. The transportation problems that caused the development of tourism in this
area have not progressed much like other regions. From the results of the research
showed that the position of development SWOT analysis and transportation
strategy plan or for the southern coastel region of Berau regency is in I quadran
and (x,y) axis = 0,577 ; 0,764. This Showed that the development of the
transportaion network in the southern coastel region of Berau Regency has
strenght and opportunity by the S-O (Strenght – Opportunity) Strategy.

Keywords: Transportation, Tourism, Development Strategy, SWOT Analysis

1. INTRODUCTION
Transportation is a system of transfer from one place to another by using a means of
transportation consisting of supporting facilities and infrastructure by forming networks
and services. Transportation facilities and infrastructure are very important elements in
accelerating the development of an area. This means that the weakness of the transportation
sector will affect the growth rate of other sectors. Development of transportation network
facilities and infrastructure can increase accessibility to growth in a region.
Sanggam City is the nickname of Berau Regency which is one of the cities located in the
Province of East Kalimantan Indonesia, the area of Berau Regency is 34,127.47 km2 and
a population of approximately 220,601 people. In accordance with his nickname,
meaningful, meaningful, good, beautiful, beautiful and charming, this district has many
tourist destinations that have been recognized by many domestic and foreign tourists.
For the Pesisir Selatan region, Berau Regency consists of five sub-districts, namely
Tabalar, Lempake, Talisayan, Batu Putih and Biduk-Biduk Districts. The enchantment of
this region's nature has no doubt its natural beauty. which is also one of the most favored
assets in helping the economy in the South Coast region of Berau, especially in the tourism
sector.
To accelerate tourism growth in the Pesisir Selatan region of Berau Regency, the Regional
Government needs to plan a transportation development strategy. To reduce inequality in
an area, a transportation strategy system is needed so that the mobility of people and goods
can support economic growth and can meet the social needs of the community. The
condition of access is quite far and the road network which is mostly damaged results in
travel time and the level of road services being low, so that transportation costs increase.
This causes losses for road users, especially in terms of waste of time, fuel, and the low
performance of the road itself.
The transportation problems that caused the development of tourism in this area have not
progressed much like other regions. The development of tourist attractions in the South
Coast region is not going well because the supporting facilities and infrastructure in this
case are inadequate land and sea transportation, so many domestic and foreign tourists have
difficulty reaching tourist attractions located in the South Coast region of Berau Regency.

2. METHODOLOGY
Primary data is data obtained directly through field observations, questionnaires in the field.
The type of data in question includes the condition of the object of the research, the type of
mode of transportation, tourist attraction, the condition of tourist facilities and
infrastructure, and the level of accessibility.
Secondary data, namely supporting data obtained through related institutions both in
tabulation and descriptive form, covering aspects of population, area physical aspects, land
use patterns, spread of tourism objects and tourist attractions, distribution of facilities and
infrastructure, related maps with research. Related agencies include the Office of Tourism,
Statistics Indonesia (BPS), Transportation Agency, Public Works Agency and Berau
District Government

Analysis Technique
1. Descriptive Analysis
Descriptive analysis methods are carried out in accordance with the objectives of the study
by describing or clearly describing the conditions that occur in the research location and to
be more accurate in interpreting used instruments in the form of maps, such as basic
physical analysis of the region, this analysis is used to describe the characteristics or
characteristics owned by the southern coastal area of Berau Regency.

2. SWOT Analysis
SWOT analysis is an instrument used to carry out strategic analysis. SWOT analysis is an
effective tool in helping to structure problems, especially by conducting an analysis of the
strategic environment, commonly referred to as the internal environment and the external
environment. the results of the interaction of internal and external strategic factors produce
strategic alternatives. The SWOT matrix describes various alternative strategies that can be
done based on the results of the SWOT analysis
3. RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Berau Regency is one of the districts in East Kalimantan Province which has high
biodiversity and natural resource potential. Various potential natural resources, both
renewable and not renewable, make Berau District one of the main supporters of the
achievement of several important development targets in East Kalimantan Province.
With a location directly adjacent to the Province of North Kalimantan, Berau Regency has
a strategic role in the distribution and flow of goods and services. Closer access is a distinct
advantage in the economic development of Berau Regency, compared to other districts /
cities in the East Kalimantan Province.
For tourists visiting the archipelago to Berau Regency continues to increase. Even in 2018
the target has been surpassed by the District Government (Pemkab) Berau around 200
thousand tourists. the large number of tourist visits to Berau is due to the attraction of the
natural beauty of Derawan and Maratua Islands, because it is indeed a new destination
which is the mainstay of Berau now, not only that the southern coastal region of Berau
Regency also has a tourist attraction that is no less interesting, one of which is Labuan
Cermin, Kaniungan Island, panoramic views of the lake and marine tourism in the south
coast which is the leading destination in the region.

Table 1. Number of Tourist Visits to Berau Regency in 2010 - 2018

No Year Foreign tourists Nusantara tourists total
(person / year) (person / year) (person / year)

1 2010 3.111 15.024 18.135

2 2011 3.300 24.253 27.553
3 2012 837 66.024 66.861
4 2013 4.026 80.753 84.779
5 2014 10.728 77.574 88.302
6 2015 6.119 99.416 105.535
7 2016 2.573 127.450 130.023
8 2017 4.376 203.404 207.780
9 2018 2.586 283.294 285.880
Total 37.656 977.192 1.014.848

Conditions for the Transportation Network of the South Coast of Berau

The field of public works and transportation services, is one of the important fields in
improving the quality and quantity of supporting regional development such as
transportation facilities and infrastructure, habitable settlements, and so on. Therefore, one
of the important indicators in the field of public works is related to the proportion of quality
of transportation, both in terms of air, sea, land lines, both from road construction materials
and road conditions.
For the entrance to Berau district, it can be traveled by air, one of which is the provision of
Kalimarau Airport. The airport built by the Berau Regency Government and fully managed
by the UPT of the Directorate General of Air Relations of the Ministry of Transportation
is quite extensive. The domestic terminal covers an area of 10,462 m2, VIP Terminal 505
m2, International Terminal 5,700 m2, and the Cargo Terminal 592 m2. This airport was
built in 2010, and began operating two years later.
Meanwhile for land transportation, roads are one of the main infrastructures in driving the
economy of a region. Roads as a means of supporting transportation have an important role
especially for land transportation. to support land transportation in Berau Regency, up to
2015, the Government of the Republic of Indonesia has built 143.53 km of roads, 170.6 km
of the East Kalimantan Provincial Government, while the Berau District Government is
building district roads along 1,413.39 km. to access the land transportation network to
Berau district in East Kalimantan, it can be traveled through two routes, for line 1 it can be
traveled through the East Kutai border namely Muara Wahau District, Towards Berau
Regency namely kelay District, Teluk Bayur District and arrives at Tanjung Redeb Capital
then for Line 2, it can go through the East Kutai border, namely Bengalon District, Kaubun,
where there is a boat crossing to transport vehicles, such as cars, motorbikes, etc. After that,
it will go through Batu Putih District as the southern gate to enter Berau Regency.
The road network in the study area has a total length of 163 km, with conditions of asphalt
and gravel roads. the road network in the southern coastal area of Berau Regency is in five
sub-districts, namely Biduk-Biduk Subdistrict, Batu Putih District, Talisayan District,
Biatan Lempake District and Tabalar District as research objects.

Table 2. Roads and distances between the Capital Districts

No sub-district Subdistrict Capital
Distance (Km)

1 Kecamatan Biduk-Biduk – Kecamatan Batu 54 Km

Putih
2 Kecamatan Batu Putih – Kecamatan Talisayan 50 Km
3 Kecamatan Talisayan – Kecamatan Biatan 30 Km

Analysis and Strategy for the Development of the Transportation Network

The development of the transportation network in the southern coastal region of Berau
Regency is an integral part of national development and development in the Berau Regency
as a whole, whose implementation is adjusted to the conditions and potential of the region
in five sub-districts. the strategies used in road network development are carried out using
the SWOT analysis approach (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat).

Internal factors
A. Strengths
1. Potential areas of tourism management
2. High Government attention to tourism development
3. Availability of Kalimarau Airport
4. Regional geomorphology that is different in each District so that it has the
potential for tourism diversity
5. Aim the favorites of local and foreign tourists

B. Weakness
1. Low road conditions connect to the tourism potential of the southern coastal
region of Berau
2. Access and distance of transportation networks between regions is quite far and
low
3. Low port facilities and infrastructure for large vessels
4. Minimal and low hotel facilities to support tourism
5. Low public transportation to the southern coastal areas of Berau
External factors
A. Opportunities
1. The location of the southern coastal region is very good and strategic towards
long-term investment
2. Prospective regency of South Coast Berau
3. Has tourism potential which is an icon in East Kalimantan even in Indonesia
4. Investors' requests for high investment

B. Threats
1. Slow growth of regions
2. Low public awareness of the environment
3. Low level of public awareness of ecosystems in tourism areas
4. PERDA which is often ignored

Based on the SWOT analysis diagram the image shows that the source values of each
quadrant are based on the weighting matrix can be known the position of the X axis with
the following formula:
X = Strength - Weakness
= 1,852 - 1,084
= 0.767

Then for the position of the Y axis can be known by the formula as follows:
Y = Opportunities -Threats
= 1.783 - 1.019
= 0.764

Figure 1. Matrix Diagram

Table 3. SWOT Matrix Analysis of Internal and External Factors
Strength (S)
1. Potential areas of tourism
management
Internal factor 2. High Government attention
to tourism development
3. Availability of Kalimarau
Airport
4. Regional geomorphology
that is different in each District
so that it has the potential for
tourism diversity
5. Aim the favorites of local
and foreign tourists
Eksternal Factor
Weakness (W)
1. Low road conditions
connect to the tourism
potential of the southern
coastal region of Berau
2. Access and distance of
transportation networks
between regions is quite far
and low
3. Low port facilities and
infrastructure for large vessels
4. Minimal and low hotel
facilities to support tourism
5. Low public transportation to
the southern coastal areas of
Berau district

Opportunity (O) STRATEGY (SO) STRATEGY (WO)

1. The location of the 1. Managing and improving 1. Improvement and

southern coastal region is
very good and strategic
towards long-term investment
2. Candidates for southern
Berau district (BPS)
3. Has tourism potential
which is an icon in East
Kalimantan even in Indonesia
4. Investors' requests for high
investment
the quality of tourism wealth
potential to attract investors to
invest in supporting the
improvement of tourism
transportation facilities and
infrastructure.
2. There is an effort to
strengthen the field of
promotion by local
governments and communities
such as making tourism
websites, organizing events for
traditional or annual cultural
events, in order to increase
tourism visits to the southern
coastal region of Berau
Regency.
3. The government and
investors can work together to
increase the need for facilities
and infrastructure for
transportation networks to
support tourism needs in the
transportation planning
between regions to service the
accessibility gap evenly
2. Open access to remote areas
and rural areas
3. Increase the mobility of
people and goods to support
the growth of tourism, the
economy and meet the social
needs of the community.
4. Increasing the availability of
transportation infrastructure
facilities, both land, sea, air
and telecommunications
networks to facilitate tourists
to go to tourism destinations

Threat (T)
1. Slow growth of regions
2. Low public awareness of
the environment
3. Low level of public
awareness of ecosystems in
tourism areas
4. Law inforcement which is
often ignored
Source : Swot Analysis, 2019
southern coastal region of
Berau Regency.
4. Accelerating the
achievement of new autonomy
functions for the southern
coastal region of Berau
Regency as the center of the
tourism, fisheries and
agribusiness sectors.
5. Explore and provide new
innovations in tourism
products offered
STRATEGY (ST)
1. There is an infrastructure
management and planning
policy related to tourism
development
2. Inviting people around to
realize the role, function and
benefits of tourism
3. Development of
environmentally friendly
tourism objects and strict
control of tourists, as well as
communities that can threaten
ecosystem damage in tourism
areas
STRATEGY (WT)
1. Increase the budget
(strengthening of funds) to
support the development of the
road network in the southern
coastal region of Berau
Regency
2. It is necessary to stipulate a
number of regulations that are
in favor of improving the
quality of transportation
network services rather than
siding with the interests of
certain people
3. Open other alternative road
network lines that can directly
connect to other districts in the
city and the provincial road
network
Decision-making Stage Strategy Plan
So can be known position for development SWOT Analysis and strategic plan of the Southern coastal
region of Berau District is on the quadrant I with the axis (X, Y) = 0.577; 0.764. This shows that the
development of the transportation network of the southern coastal areas of Berau Regency has strengths
and opportunities with the S-O (Strength – Opportunity) strategy.

Strategy Achievement Objectives

Based on the Research and Field survey the development of the transportation network Southern coastal
area of Berau Regency is created to achieve the following objectives:
1. Improvement of road transportation infrastructure in support of population mobility between regions
2. Open road access to remote areas and areas of tourism centers
3. Build a more effective and efficient road network and transportation system.
4. To provide the public transportation of land and sea lines
5. Improve the smooth flow of traffic transport people and goods.
6. Accelerate the achievement of the urban function south

4. CONCLUSION
1. The condition of the transportation network in the Southern coastal area of Berau district is still
relatively low with the level of accessibility far enough distance. Where the level of service for the
authority of the provincial road still there are many points of damage that need to be addressed.
Among the conditions for heavy damaged roads are located in the region of Tabalar, Biatan and
Talisayan sub-districts. It is also not available in public transportation to serve tourism visits to local
areas in coastal areas. This is a factor of tourism visit to the Southern coastal area of Berau Regency.

2. Tourism in the Southern coastal area of Berau Regency has the power and opportunity to become a
national-grade flagship destination, which is able to bring the interest of local tourists and foreign
tourists. Therefore, it needs better transportation development strategy in the future to increase
tourism visits in the Southern coastal area of Berau Regency. By performing road repairs at points of
connecting damage between regions, opening access to the center of tourism centers that are more
effective and efficient in improving the mobility of people and goods and establishing the mode of
public transport To improve tourism visits.
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