Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016

Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

PROGRAM KECEMERLANGAN
PANITIA KIMIA
2016

Modul Topikal : GARAM

Aktiviti 1 : Tentukan keterlarutan garam (GL : garam larut ; GTL : Garam tak larut

No Formula of Salt Solubility ( , X ) No Formula of Salt Solubility ( , X )

1 PbCO3 21 MgCO3
2 NaCl 22 KCl
3 CaSO4 23 (NH4)2SO4
4 AgNO3 24 Cu(NO3)2
5 K2CO3 25 NaNO3
6 FeCl3 26 CaCl2
7 Na2SO4 27 BaSO4
8 NH4NO3 28 KNO3
9 CuSO4 29 Ag2CO3
10 PbCl2 30 MgCl2
11 ZnCO3 31 ZnSO4
12 Ca(NO3)2 32 Ba(NO3)2
13 Na2CO3 33 FeCO3
14 AgCl 34 NH4Cl
15 PbSO4 35 Fe(NO3)3
16 Pb(NO3)2 36 MgSO4
17 (NH4)2CO3 37 BaCO3
18 Mg(NO3)2 38 ZnCl2
19 Na2SO4 39 FeSO4

Activity 2 :
Classify the following salts into soluble salt and insoluble salt in water.
Kelaskan garam berikut kepada garam terlarut dan garam tak terlarutkan dalam air

Calcium carbonate Silver chloride Potassium carbonate Lead (II) nitrate

Zinc chloride Magnesium chloride, MgCl2 Lead (II) sulphate, PbSO4 Ammonium chloride

Answer ;
Soluble salt / Garam terlarut Insoluble salt / Garam tak terlarut

Activity 3 : tuliskan ion-ion yang hadir. Tuliskan persamaan ion yang terlibat

Insoluble salt Ions present Ionic equation

Silver chloride, AgCl Ag+ , Cl-

…….. + ……..  ……..

Magnesium carbonate, MgCO3 …….. , ……….. …….. + ……..  ……..

Activity 4 :

add dilute a) name solution T / nama larutan T

Zinc, Zn Colourless  Gas W ………………………………………………..
nitric acid
metal HNO3 solution, T b) write a balanced chemical equation for the
reaction.
Tulis persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas

Diagram 1 ……………………………………………………

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Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

c) name gas W / nama gas W

…………………………………………………..

a) i) name solid K .: ………………………………..

Solid K add dilute, Z Colourless solution,MgCl2
Pepejal K tambah Z cair nama pepejal K :
Larutan tak berwarna
ii) name Z . : …………………………..
 Nama Z
Colourless gas produces,M b) write a balanced chemical equation for the
Gas tak berwarna terbebas,M reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia simbang bagi tindak balas

………………………………………………………
Water, H2O
c) state the confirmatory test the present of M gas.
Air, H2O Nyatakan ujian pengesahan kehadiran gas M.
…………………………………………………..
Activity 5 :

1. The following equation represents the reaction between (i) name the type of reaction.
silver nitrate solution and hydrochloric acid.
………………………………………………….
AgNO3 (aq) + NaCl (aq)  AgCl (s) + NaNO3 (aq)
(ii) write the ionic equation for the reaction.
tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas.
…………………………………………………

2. add dilute
Lead (II) nitrate White precipitate
Pb(NO3)2 sulphuric acid, T
b) write a balanced chemical equation for the
H2SO4 reaction.

a) name precipitate T / namakan mendakan T ……………………………………………………

………………………………………………….. c) write an ionic equation for the reaction
tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas.
……………………………………………………

Activity 6 :
Diagram 1 shows a series of reaction for zinc compound i) What is the colour of zinc carbonate ?
Rajah 1 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas bagi sebatian Apakah warna zink karbonat?
zink
……………………………………………………
Sodium carbonate ii) Name the reaction / Namakan tindak balas ini
Zinc nitrate Zinc carbonate
Zink nitrat Natriumk karbonat Zink karbonat …………………………………………
iii) write a balanced chemical equation for the
Zinc nitrate solution reacts with sodium carbonate solution reaction.
to form zinc carbonate precipitate. Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas
Larutan zink nitrat bertindak balas dengan larutan natrium
karbonat untuk membentuk mnedakan zink karbonat. .....................................................................................

Aktiviti 7 :

Pemanasan garam karbonat Pemanasan garam nitrat

Heating of carbonate metal Heating of nitrate metal.
1. ZnCO3  ………. + CO2 7. Cu(NO3)2  ……. + O2 + ..…..
2. MgCO3  …………. + ………. 8. ……....  KNO2 + ..…..
3. CaCO3  ……….. + CO2 9. AgNO3  ………. + ……… +…….…
4. PbCO3  ………. + ……… 10. ……….  MgO + O2 + ….
5. CuCO3  ………. + ……… 11. Pb(NO3)2  ……..… + …….. + ………
6. ZnCO3  ………. + CO2 12. Zn(NO3)2  …..….. + ……….. +…..…..

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Activity 8 :
Zinc carbonate Zinc oxide
ZnCO3 ZnO
i) How you can convert zinc carbonate to zinc oxide ?
..........................................................................................
ii) write a balanced chemical equation : ...........................................................

Activity 9 :

. 1. Draw a labelled diagram for the heating of zinc carbonate to produce zinc oxide and carbon dioxide gas. In your
diagram show how carbon dioxide is tested.
Lukis gambar rajah berlabel bagi pemanasan zink karbonat untuk menghasilkan zink oksida dan gas karbon dioksida. Dalam
gambar rajah anda, tunjukkan bagaimana gas karbon dioksida itu diuji.

Heated up
2. Lead (II) Solid K Mix of gases R
carbonate Pepejal K + and Q

a) what is solid K. : ……………………………………

b) what is the colour of solid K when hot and cooled: ………………………………………………..
c) write a balance chemical equation to represent the effect of heat on Pb(NO3) 2
……………………………………………………………..
Aktiviti 10 :
1. Heated up
Zinc carbonate Solid U Gas V
+
ZnCO3

Solid U is yellow in colour when hot and white in colour when cooled.
a) What is solid U : ………………………………………………..
b) How to convert zinc carbonate to solid U. …………………………………………………….
b) i) Name gas V : ………………………………………………..
ii) What is observed when gas V is passed through limewater? : ………………………..
iii) Write the chemical equation for reaction between gas V with limewater. ……………………………..
c) Name the cation in solid K. : ………………………………………………..

2.
Salt P Metal oxide X Gas Y
Heat +
Garam P Metal oksida X Gas Y

Colour of metal oxide X is yellow when hot and white when cold. Gas Y turns lime water milky.
a) Name gas Y : ………………………………….
b) Name metal oxide X : ………………………………….
c) Name salt P : ………………………………….
d) Write an equation to represent the action of heat on salt P ………………………………….

Activity 11 :
White precipitate Q Reaction I Colourless K Reaction II White
Dissolved in excess + NaOH (aq)
solution precipitate R
sodium hydroxide + Na2SO4 (aq)
solution

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
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a) In reaction I, white precipitate Q is formed which is d) i) Name two cations which produced white
soluble in excess sodium hydroxide solution. precipitate that will not dissolve in excess
Name all the ions which are probably presence in sodium hydroxide solution.
solution K.
………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………….
ii) state one confirmatory test for one cation
b) Referring to reaction I and II, name the cation presence in d) i)
presence in solution K. ……………………………………………..
.....................……………………………..
……………………………………………………….

Activity 12 :
Step 1 Step 2
1. Zinc oxide Salt solution P Zinc carbonate
Zink oksida add nitric acid Larutan garam P add solution Q Zink karbonat

Figure 1
Figure 1 show the steps involved in the preparation of zinc carbonate.
a) write a balanced equation for the information of salt solution P. .........................................................
b) explain briefly how you can obtain a solution of salt solution P. ..........................................................
c) (i) name solution Q that is required to be added to salt solution P in step 2 to produce zinc carbonate.
...............................................................................................................................................
(ii) name the type of reaction involved in step 2.......................................................................................

SOALAN 13 :
Jadual menunjukkan ion positif dan ion negatif dalam tiga larutan garam
Table shows the positive and negative ions in three salt solutions.

Nama garam Ion positif Ion negatif

Name of salt Positive Ion Negative Ion
Kuprum(II) sulfat Cu2+ SO42-
Copper (II) sulphate
Natrium sulfat Na+ SO42-
Sodium sulphate
Plumbum(II) nitrat Pb2+ NO3-
Lead (II) nitrate

Gunakan maklumat dalam jadual 4 untuk menjawab soalan berikut

Use the information in table 4 to answer the following questions.

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a) Apakah nama lain bagi ion bercas positif

What is another name for a positively charged ion?
..........................................................................................................
b) Namakan ion dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
Name the ions in copper (II) sulphate solution.
..........................................................................................................
c) Tuliskan formula bagi Plumbum(II) nitrat
Write the formula for lead(II) nitrat.
..........................................................................................................

SOALAN 14 :
Diagram 1 shows a flow chart of the qualitative analysis of substance X.
Rajah 1 menunjukkan carta alir analisis kualitatif bagi sebatian X.
a) Based on diagram 1, identify the
Black powder X
Berdasarkan rajah 1, kenal pasti
Serbuk hitam X
i) Black powder X …………………….
Add hydrochloric acid, HCl Serbuk hitam X
solution
ii) Blue solution Y………………………
Tambah larutan asid hidroklorik, HCl Larutan biru Y
Blue solution Y
iii) Cation and anion of Y solution.
Larutan biru Y Kation dan anion larutan Y
Solution Y + Silver
Solution Y + Sodium nitrate, AgNO3 solution ………………………………
hydroxide, NaOH solution
Larutan Y + larutan natrium Larutan Y + Larutan
argentum nitrat, AgNO3
………………………………...
hidroksida, NaOH [4 marks]

Blue White precipitate

precipitate
Mendakan putih
Mendakan biru

SOALAN 15 : AT F4 2012

Diagram 6 shows the reaction and observation for salt X.

Rajah 6 menunjukkan tindak balas dan pemerhatian untuk garam X.

Salt X
Garam X

Add ammonia solution Add dilute acid

Tambahkan larutan ammonia Tambahkan asid cair

Blue precipitate Gas Y evolved and turned lime water chalky

Mendakan biru Gas dibebaskan dan mengeruhkan air kapur

Add excess ammonia solution

Tambahkan larutan ammonia berlebihan

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(a) Refer to Diagram 6,

Merujuk kepada Rajah 6,

(i) What is gas Y? ………………………………………………………………………………………

Apakah gas Y?
[1 mark]
(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between salt X and dilute hydrochloric acid.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk tindak balas antara garam X dan asid hidroklorik cair.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(iii) What is the observation in Z?
Apakah pemerhatian dalam Z?

……………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
(iv) State the ions present in salt X.
Nyatakan ion-ion yang hadir dalam garam X.

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) A simple experiment can be conducted in the laboratory to produce copper(II) sulphate solution.
Satu eksperimen ringkas boleh dijalankan dalam makmal untuk menyediakan larutan kuprum(II) sulfat.

(i) Describe briefly how the experiment can be conducted.

Huraikan dengan ringkas bagaimana eksperimen ini boleh dijalankan.

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
[3 marks]
(ii) Describe a test to identify sulphate ion in copper(II) sulphate solution.
Huraikan satu ujian untuk mengenal pasti ion sulfat dalam larutan kuprum(II) sulfat.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…
……………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………
[3 marks]

SOALAN 16 :
Diagram 21 shows a series of reactions of lead(II) carbonate.
Rajah 21 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas bagi plumbum(II) karbonat.
Heat
Lead(II) carbonate Panaskan Solid P Colourless gas Q
Plumbum(II) karbonat Pepejal P + Gas tidak berwarna Q
I
dilute nitric acid
II asid nitrik cair

Solution R
Larutan R

Potassium iodide solution

III Larutan kalium iodida

Precipitate X
Mendakan X

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
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a) i) Name the solid P/ Namakan pepejal P.

……………………………………………………………..………………………
[1 mark ]
ii) Draw a labelled diagram of the set up of apparatus can be used to produce solid P and to
identify gas Q in step I.
Lukiskan gambar rajah berlabel bagi susunan radas yang boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan
pepejal P dan mengenalpasti gas Q dalam langkah I

[2 marks ]
iii) Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of lead(II) carbonate when heated.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi penguraian plumbum(II) karbonat apabila dipanaskan.

.........……………………………….…………………………………………………………
[1 mark ]
b) i) Name the precipitate X./Namakan mendakan X.

…………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark ]
ii) State the colour of precipitate X/ Nyatakan warna mendakan X.

……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark ]
iii) Write the ionic equation for the formation of precipitate X.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi pembentukan mendakan X.

.……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark ]
iv) How to obtain precipitate X from the mixture.
Bagaimanakah mendakan X diasingkan daripada campuran.

.…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark ]

SOALAN 17:

Diagram 4.1 shows the steps of preparation of salt G. Excess lead(II) oxide powder is dissolved in
50 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 nitric acid.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan langkah-langkah bagi penyediaaan garam G. Serbuk plumbum(II) oksida
berlebihan dilarutkan dalam 50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 mol dm-3.

Lead(II) oxide powder Salt solution

Serbuk plumbum(II) oksida Larutan garam
50 cm3 of 1.0 moldm-3 nitric acid
50 cm3 asid nitrik 1.0 moldm-3
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Diagram 4.1 / Rajah 4.1

(a) What is the meaning of salt?

Apakah maksud bagi garam?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) Write the chemical formula of salt G formed.
Tuliskan formula kimia bagi garam G yang terbentuk.

…………………..………………………………………………………………………………..………..
[1 mark]
(c) Why is excess lead(II) oxide powder added to nitric acid?
Mengapakah serbuk plumbum(II) oksida berlebihan ditambahkan kepada asid nitrik?

…………….……………………………………………………………………………………..………...
[1 mark
(d) Write the ionic equation for the reaction between lead(II) oxide and nitric acid.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas antara plumbum (II) oksida dan asid nitrik.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(e) Salt G formed contains nitrate ion. Describe a chemical test to verify the ion.
Garam G yang terbentuk mengandungi ion nitrat.Huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk mengesahkan
ion itu.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..

…………………………………………………………………………………………….……………..….

……………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….…
[2 marks]

SOALAN 18:
Diagram 5 shows a flow chart for the qualitative analysis of salt W. The green colour of carbonate salt W is
heated strongly to produce black colour of solid X and colourless gas Z.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan carta alir analisis kualitatif bagi garam W. Garam karbonat W yang berwarna hijau
dipanaskan dengan kuat menghasilkan pepejal X berwarna hitam dan gas tak berwarna Z .
Salt W Heat Solid X Colourless gas Z
Garam W Pepejal X + Gas tak berwarna Z
Panaskan

Process I + Hydrochloric acid

Proses I + Asid hidroklorik

Process II Process III

Proses II Blue solution Y Proses III
Larutan biru Y

+ Sodium hydroxide solution + silver nitrate solution

+ larutan natrium hidroksida + larutan argentum nitrat

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Blue precipitate White precipitate
Mendakan biru Mendakan putih
 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Diagram 5/Rajah 5
(a) Based on Diagram 5,
Berdasarkan Rajah 5,

(i) State the name of salt W and solid X.

Nyatakan nama bagi garam W dan pepejal X.

Salt W :.....................................................................................................................................
Garam W
Solid X :.............................................................................................................................................
Pepejal X [2 marks]

(ii) describe a chemical test to identify gas Z.

huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk mengenal pasti gas Z.
............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(iii) what is the name of reaction in Process I?
apakah nama tindak balas dalam Proses I?

………..……......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iv) write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in Process I.
tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam Proses I.

...............................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) Based on the observation in Process II and Process III, state the cation and anion present in solution Y.
Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Proses II dan Proses III, nyatakan kation dan anion yang hadir dalam
larutan Y.

Cation..............................................................................................................
Kation
Anion .......................................................................................................
Anion
[2 marks]

(c) (i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction occur in Process III.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses III.

..........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the name of reaction occur in Process III?
Apakah nama tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses III?

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

SOALAN 20 : Eksperimen garam terlarutkan

Magnesium nitrat adalah garam larut.
Huraikan bagaimanakah penyediaan magnesium nitrat kering
dalam makmal. Jawapan and mestilah mengandungi

 Bahan kimia / substance

 Prosedur / procedures
 Persamaan kimia yang terlibat dalam tindak balas/ chemical equation

Persamaan kimia : Mg + HNO3 à Mg(NO3)2 + H2

Chemical equation

1. Masukkan 25 cm3 asid nitrik 0.1 moldm-3 ke dalam bikar

Pour 25 cm3 of 0.1 moldm-3 nitric acid ke dalam bikar

2. Panaskan asid nitrik perlahan-lahan

Heat nitric acid slowly

3. Tambahkan serbuk magnesium ke dalam bikar sehingga berlebihan

Add magnesium powder into a beaker until excess.

4. Kacau campuran / Stir the mixture

5. Turas campuran / Filter the mixture

6. Panaskan larutan sehingga tepu / Heat the solution

7. Sejukkan garam / Cool the salt

8. Turaskan garam / Filter the salt

9. Keringkan garam di antara dua kertas turas / Dry the salt between two pieces of filter paper.

SOALAN 21 : Eksperimen garam terlarutkan

Zink klorida adalah garam larut.

Huraikan bagaimanakah penyediaan zink klorida kering dalam makmal. Jawapan
and mestilah mengandungi
 Bahan kimia
 Prosedur
 Persamaan kimia yang terlibat dalam tindak balas

SOALAN 22 :
Penyediaan garam tak terlarutkan

Anda telah dibekalkan dengan bahan berikut:

You are given the following substance :

Argentum nitrat Natrium klorida

Silver nitrate Sodium chloride

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
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Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menyediakan garam dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan di atas.
Describe how to prepare a sample of salt by using the above substances .
[6 marks]
Jawapan :

Prosedur / Procedures;

1. Masukkan 25 cm3 larutan barium nitrat, Ba(NO3)2 0.1 mol dm-3 ke dalam bikar.
Pour 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 barium nitrat, Ba(NO3)2 into a beaker.

2. Masukkan 25 cm3 larutan natrium klorida,NaCl 0.1 mol dm-3 ke dalam bikar.
Add 25 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 sodium chloride,NaCl into a beaker.

3. Kacau campuran dengan rod kaca

Stir the mixture using glass rod

4. Turas campuran / Filter the mixture

5. Bilas baki turasan dengan air suling.

Rinse the residue with distilled water

6. Keringkan garam di antara dua kertas turas.

Dry the salt/residue in between sheet of filter papers to dry

SOALAN 23 : Garam Tak larut Insoluble salt

Plumbum(II) sulfat adalah garam tak larut.

Huraikan bagaimanakah penyediaan plumbum(II) sulfat kering dalam makmal.
Lead(II) iodide an insoluble salt. Describe how the preparation the dry lead(II) sulphate in the laborotory
[6 marks]

SOALAN 24 :

Ujian pengesahan kimia

Confirmory test

Huraikan ujian-ujian kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk mengenal kation dan anion dalam larutan zink klorida
Describe the chemical tests that can be used to verify the cation and anion in zinc chloride
[5 marks]
Ujian pengesahan ion zink Ujian pengesahan ion klorida
1. Masukkan larutan ke dalam tabung uji. 1. Masukkan larutan ke dalam tabung uji.
2. Masukkan 2 cm3 ammonia akueus ke dalam 2. Masukkan 2 cm3 asid nitrat ke dalam
tabung uji sehingga berlebihan. 3. dalam tabung uji
3. Mendakan putih terbentuk 4. Masukkan 2 cm3 larutan argentum nitrat ke dalam
4. dan larut dalam berlebihan Mengesahkan tabung uji .
kehadiran ion zink 5. Mendakan putih terbentuk
6. Mengesahkan kehadiran ion klorida

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SOALAN 25 :

Ujian kimia
Huraikan ujian-ujian kimia yang boleh digunakan untuk mengenal kation dan anion dalam larutan plumbum(II) nitrat
Describe the chemical tests that can be used to verify the cation and anion in lead(II) nitrate

SOALAN 26 : Pnyediaan garam tak terlarutkan

Anda telah dibekalkan dengan bahan berikut:
You are given the following substance :

Barium nitrat magnesium sulfat

Barium nitrate magnesium sulfat

Terangkan bagaimana anda boleh menyediakan garam dengan menggunakan bahan-bahan di atas.
Describe how to prepare a sample of salt by using the above substances .
[6 marks]

SOALAN 27 :
Diagram 4 shows Experiments I and II in the preparation of a salt.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan Eksperimen 1 dan II dalam penyediaan garam.

Experiment Method
Eksperimen Kaedah

0.1 mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid

I 0.1 mol dm-3 asid hidroklorik

25.0 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide + phenolphthalein

25.0 cm3 natrium hidroksida 0.2 mol dm-3 + fenolftalein

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
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10 cm3 of 1.0 mol

II dm-3 lead(II) nitrate
Excess potassium iodide solution
solution
Larutan kalium iodida
10 cm3 larutan
berlebihan
plumbum(II) nitrat
1.0 mol dm-3

Precipitate X
Mendakan X

Diagram 4
Rajah 4
(a) Based on Experiment I:
Berdasarkan Eksperimen I :

(i) State the name for the reaction. ................................................................

Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas itu.
[1 mark]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction that occurs in the conical flask.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindakbalas yang berlaku di dalam kelalang kon.

....................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(iii) State the colour change in the conical flask at the end point. .............................................................
Nyatakan perubahan warna di dalam kelalang kon pada takat akhir.
[1 mark]
(iv) Calculate the volume of hydrochloric acid used to neutralise the sodium hydroxide solution.
Hitungkan isi padu asid hidroklorik yang digunakan untuk meneutralkan larutan natrium hidroksida.

[2 marks]
(b) Based on Experiment II:
Berdasarkan Eksperimen II :

(i) State the name of the reaction. ..............................................................................................................

Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas itu.
[1 mark]
(ii) State the name of precipitate X. ...............................................................................................................
Nyatakan nama bagi mendakan X.
[1 mark]
(iii) Write the ionic equation for the reaction. ...........................................................................................................
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas itu.
[1 mark]
(iv) Calculate the maximum mass of precipitate X formed. [Relative atomic mass ; Pb=207, I=127]
Hitungkan jisim maksimum mendakan X yang terbentuk. [Jisim atom relatif ; Pb=207, I=127]
[2 marks]
SOALAN 28 :
5 10.0 cm³ of 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium iodide is poured to 8 different test tubes. Different volume of 1.0 moldm-3
lead(II) nitrate are added to each test tube. The height of precipitate formed in each test tube is measured.

The graph below is obtained when the height of precipitate is plotted against the volume of lead (II) nitrate
solution.

Height of
precipitate/
cm
5

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Volume of lead (II) nitrate / cm3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

(a) Name the precipitate formed....................................................................................................

[ 1 mark ]

3
(b) 10 cm of 1.0 mol dm-3 lead (II) nitrate is added to 1.0 mol dm-3 sodium iodide solution.
Estimate the height of the precipitate formed.

..........................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(d) Based on the above graph, what is the volume of lead (II) nitrate needed to completely react with
sodium iodide solution?

...............................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]
(e) Calculate
(i) the number of moles of potassium iodide in the reaction.

[ 1 mark ]
(ii) the number of moles of lead (II) nitrate that has completely reacted with potassium iodide solution.

[ 1 mark ]
(f) Write the ionic equation for the formation of the precipitate.

................................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(g) The concentration of lead (II) nitrate is changed from 1.0 mol dm-3 to 2.0 mol dm-3 .
Sketch the graph obtained on the above graph.

[ 1 mark]

(h) The mixture in test tube 8 is filtered. State the observation when the sodium hydroxide solution is
added to the filtrate until in excess .

............................................................................................................................

………………..………………………………………………………………................. [ 2 marks ]

SOALAN 29 :
Diagram 5 shows a flow chart for the qualitative analysis of salt W. The green colour of carbonate salt W is heated
strongly to produce black colour of solid X and colourless gas Z.
Rajah 5 menunjukkan carta alir analisis kualitatif bagi garam W. Garam karbonat W yang berwarna hijau dipanaskan dengan kuat
menghasilkan pepejal X berwarna hitam dan gas tak berwarna Z .

Salt W Heat Solid X Colourless gas Z

Garam W Pepejal X +
Panaskan Gas tak berwarna Z

Process I + Hydrochloric acid

Proses I + Asid hidroklorik

Process II Process III

Proses II Blue solution Y Proses III
Larutan biru Y

+ Sodium hydroxide solution + silver nitrate solution

+ larutan natrium hidroksida + larutan argentum nitrat
14 @azemi_chemistry panel smssi

Blue precipitate White precipitate

Mendakan biru Mendakan putih
 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Diagram 5/Rajah 5

(d) Based on Diagram 5,

Berdasarkan Rajah 5,

(v) State the name of salt W and solid X.

Nyatakan nama bagi garam W dan pepejal X.
Salt W :...............................................................................Solid X : ............................................................
Garam W Pepejal X [2 marks]

(vi) describe a chemical test to identify gas Z.

huraikan satu ujian kimia untuk mengenal pasti gas Z.
............................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(vii) what is the name of reaction in Process I?
apakah nama tindak balas dalam Proses I?

………..……......................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(viii) write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction in Process I.
tuliskan persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi tindak balas dalam Proses I.

............................................................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(e) Based on the observation in Process II and Process III, state the cation and anion present in solution Y.
Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam Proses II dan Proses III, nyatakan kation dan anion yang hadir dalam larutan
Y.

Cation : ................................................................................. Anion :.......................................................................

Kation Anion [2 marks]

(f) (i) Write the ionic equation for the reaction occur in Process III.
Tuliskan persamaan ion bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses III.

............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(ii) What is the name of reaction occur in Process III?/
Apakah nama tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Proses III?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………… [1 mark]
SOALAN 30 :

Diagram 6.1 shows a series of reaction of copper compound.

Rajah 6.1 menunjukkan satu siri tindak balas bagi sebatian kuprum

Copper (II) Copper(II) Copper(II)

carbonate Heat oxide
nitrate Sodium carbonate + Gas X
Kuprum(II) Panaskan Kuprum(II)
Kuprum (II) Natrium karbonat
nitrat karbonat oksida

Acid Y
Asid Y

Copper(II) sulphate
Kuprum(II) sulfat

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Diagram 6.1 /Rajah 6.1

(a) Copper(II) nitrate solution reacts with sodium carbonate solution to form copper(II) carbonate precipitate.
Larutan kuprum(II) nitrat bertindak balas dengan larutan natrium karbonat membentuk mendakan kuprum(II)
karbonat.

(i) What is the colour of copper(II) carbonate? / Apakah warna kuprum(II) karbonat?

…………………………………………….............…………………………………………........
[1 mark]

(ii) State the name of the reaction / Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas itu.

............................................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) Heating of copper(II) carbonate produces copper(II) oxide and gas X.

Pemanasan kuprum(II) karbonat menghasilkan kuprum(II) oksida dan gas X.

(i) State the name of gas X / Nyatakan nama bagi gas X

…………………………………………………………………………………..…………………
[1 mark]
(ii) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction.
Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas itu.

.............................................………………………………………………............………...............
[1 mark]

(i) Draw a labeled diagram for the heating of copper(II) carbonate to produce copper(II) oxide and
gas X. In your diagram show how gas X is tested.
Lukiskan gambar rajah berlabel bagi pemanasan kuprum(II) karbonat untuk menghasilkan kuprum(II) oksida dan gas
X. Dalam rajah anda tunjukkan bagaimana gas X diuji.

[2 marks]

(c) Copper(II) carbonate reacts with acid Y to produce copper(II) sulphate.

The chemical equation is shown below.
Kuprum(II) karbonat bertindak balas dengan asid Y menghasilkan kuprum(II) sulfat. Persamaan kimia itu
ditunjukkan di bawah:
CuCO3 + Acid Y → CuSO4 + CO2 + H2O

(i) What is acid Y? /Apakah asid Y?

………………………………………………………………………………………..……………
[1 mark]

(ii) If 12.4 g copper(II) carbonate reacts completely with excess acid Y, calculate the mass of
copper(II) sulphate formed.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12, O=16 , S = 32, Cu = 64]
Jika 12.4 g kuprum(II) karbonat bertindak balas lengkap dengan asid Y berlebihan, hitung jisim
kuprum(II) sulfat yang terbentuk.

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12, O=16 , S = 32, Cu = 64]

3 marks]

SOALAN 31 :

(a) Diagram 3.1 shows the names for two type of salts.
Rajah 3.1 menunjukkan nama bagi dua jenis garam.

 Copper(II) chloride
Kuprum(II) klorida

 Lead(II) chloride
Plumbum(II) klorida

Diagram 3.1/Rajah 3.1

(i) Based on the salt given in Diagram 3.1, write the formula of an insoluble salt.
State the name of reaction to prepare insoluble salt.

Berdasarkan garam yang diberikan dalam Rajah 3.1, tuliskan formula garam yang tak terlarutkan.
Nyatakan nama bagi tindak balas menyediakan garam tak terlarutkan.
[2 marks]
(ii) State the suitable chemicals required to produce copper(II) chloride and lead(II) chloride salts.
Nyatakan bahan-bahan kimia yang sesui untuk menyediakan garam kuprum (II) klorida dan
plumbum(II) klorida.
[4 marks]

(b) Diagram 3.2 shows reactions involving solid S. When heated, solid S decomposes to solid T, brown gas U
and colourless gas W. Gas U relights glowing wooden splinter.
Rajah3.2 menunjukkan tindak balas yang melibatkan pepejal S. Bila dipanaskan, pepejal S terurai kepada
pepejal T, gas perang U dan gas tak berwarna U. Gas W menyalakan semula kayu uji berbara.

White solid S Solid T Brown gas U Colourless gas W

Pepejal putih S Pepejal T + Gas perang U + Gas W tak berwarna
U

+ HNO3 (aq)

Colourless solution X
Larutan tak berwarna X

+ NaOH (aq) + NH3(aq)

White precipitate, soluble White precipitate, soluble

in excess NaOH 17 in excess NH3 @azemi_chemistry panel smssi
Mendakan putih, larut Mendakan putih, larut
dalam berlebihan NaOH dalam berlebihan NH3
 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Diagram 3.2/ Rajah3.2

(i) Identify solid S, solid T, gas U and gas W.

Kenal pasti pepejal S, pepejal T, gas U dan gas W
[ 4marks]

(ii) Write the chemical equation for the heating of solid S.

Tuliskan persamaan kimia untuk pemanasan pepejal S.
[2 marks]

(c) A student carried out an experiment to construct an ionic equation for the formation of barium sulphate.
Table 3.3 shows the height of precipitate formed when 5.0 cm 3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 potassium sulphate
solution is added with 1.0 cm3, 2.0 cm3, 3.0 cm3, 4.0 cm3, 5.0 cm3, 6.0 cm3, 7.0 cm3 and 8.0 cm3 of 0.5 mol
dm-3 barium chloride solution respectively in eight test tubes.
Seorang pelajar telah menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk membina persamaan ion bagi pembentukan
barium sulfat. Jadual 3.3 menunjukkan tinggi mendakan yang terbentuk apabila 5.0cm3larutan kalium
sulfat0.5 mol dm-3ditambahkan dengan masing-masing 1.0 cm3, 2.0 cm3, 3.0 cm3, 4.0 cm3, 5.0 cm3, 6.0 cm3,
7.0 cm3dan 8.0 cm3larutan barium klorida dalam lapan tabung uji .

Test tube
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Tabung uji
Volume of 0.5 mol dm-3 potassium
sulphate solution / cm3
5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Isipadu larutan kalium sulfat
0.5 mol dm-3 / cm3

Volume of 0.5 mol dm-3 barium

chloride solution / cm3
Isipadu larutan barium klorida 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
0.5 mol dm-3 / cm3
Height of precipitate/ cm
Tinggi mendakan/cm 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Table 3.3 / Jadual 3.3

(i) Based on Table 3.3, draw a graph of the height of the precipitate against volume of 1.0 mol dm -3
barium chloride solution.

Berdasarkan Jadual 3.3, lukiskan graf tinggi mendakan melawan isi padu larutan barium klorida 1 mol dm-3
.
[3 marks]

(ii) On the graph that you have drawn in a(i) , mark the minimum volume of 1.0 mol dm -3 barium chloride
solution needed to react completely with 5.0 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 potassium sulphate solution.
Pada kertas graf yang telah anda lukiskan di (a) (i), tandakan isi padu minimum larutan barium klorida 1.0
mol dm-3 yang diperlukan untuk bertindak balas lengkap dengan5.0 cm3larutan kalium sulfat 1.0 mol dm-3.[1
mark]

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

(iii) Calculate the number of mole of barium ions and number of moles of sulphate ions required for the
formation of barium sulphate. Then calculate the number of moles of sulphate ions that react with 1 mole
of barium ion.
Hitungkan bilangan mol ion barium dan bilangan mol ion sulfat yang diperlukan untuk pembentukan barium
sulfat. Kemudian hitungkan bilangan mol ion sulfat yang bertindak balas dengan 1 mol ion barium
[3 marks]

(iv) Write the ionic equation for the formation of barium sulphate
Tuliskan persamaan ion untuk pembentukan barium klorida
[1 mark]

SOALAN 31 :

BAHAGIAN C

(a) A farmer discovers that his vegetables are not growing well due to soil problems. By using your chemistry
knowledge, state two possible causes and ways to overcome the problems by naming the chemical used.
Seorang petani mendapati sayuran yang ditanamnya tidak subur disebabkan masalah tanah. Dengan
menggunakan pengetahuan kimia anda, nyatakan dua penyebab yang mungkin dan cara untuk mengatasi
masalah ini dengan menamakan bahan kimia yang digunakan.
[4 marks]

(b) Table4 shows the information on action of heat for two lead salts, P and Q.
Jadual4menunjukkan maklumat bagi tindakan haba ke atas dua garam plumbum P dan Q ,

Experiment Products Observation

Eksperimen Hasil Pemerhatian
Salt P Residue R Brown solid when hot, yellow when cold
Garam P Baki R Pepejal perang bila panas, kuning bila sejuk

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 Module Latihan Topikal SPM_2016
Bab 8_Tingkatan 4

Gas A Lime water become chalky

Gas A Air kapur menjadi keruh

Heat
Panas Lime water
Air kapur

Residue R Brown solid when hot, yellow when cold

Baki R Pepejal perang bila panas, kuning bila sejuk

Gas B Brown gas

Gas B Gas perang
Salt Q
Garam Q
Gas C Rekindles glowing splinder
Gas C Menyalakan kayu uji berbara
Heat
Panas

Table 4/ Jadual 4
Based on Table 4, identify residue R, gas A, gas B and gas C.
Write the chemical formulae for salt P and Q.
Berdasarkan Jadual 4, kenal pasti baki R, gas A, gas B dan gas C.
Tuliska formula kimia bagi garam P dan garam Q.

[6marks]

(b) By using all the chemical substances given below and suitable apparatus, describe a laboratory
experiment to prepare dry zinc sulphate salt.
Dengan menggunakan bahan kimia yang diberikan di bawah dan alat radas yang sesuai, huraikan satu
eksperimen di makmal untuk menyediakan garam zink sulfat kering.

 zinc nitrate solution

 dilute sulphuric acid
 sodium carbonate solution
 Larutan zink nitrat
 Asid sulfurik cair
 Larutan natrium karbonat

In your description, include chemical equations involved.

Dalam huraian anda sertakan persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
[12 marks]

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