CASE STUDY KOHINOOR SQUARE KANCHANJUNGA AQUARIA GRANDE SANGHAI TOWER INFERENCE

In India Kohinoor Square
is located in the heart of
the city Dadar, Greater
Mumbai. Site is in
SITE & commercial hub.
Surrounded by various
SURROUNDINGS high end national and
international office and
luxurious apartments.
The famous Shivaji park
is a 5 mins walk from the
site.
In India Kanchanjunga is
located in Pedder Road
of Greater Mumbai, The
Island city. Near the site
to the west is the Arabian
sea and the neigh hood
is surrounded by many
high rise structures
influenced by
Kanchanjunga as it was
the First High rise in the
area
In India, Aquaria In China, Shanghai • A High-Rise Structure comes out
Grande is located Tower is located in of necessity. Specially in a
Borivali, a suburb of Lujiazui. China’s booming economical center with
Mumbai. The site is first super high-rise growing population.
•
surrounded by a dense
Low-Rise residential
to exceed 600
meters. Its curved
Most populous cities have most
numbers of High rise structures
•
areas hence its Tallest
structure in the vicinity.
facade and spiraling
form, symbolizes
It is seen that tallest high rise
structures are found in the heart
of the city.
There are many parks the dynamic
• Or a new economic center of any
and schools as well appearance of
city
near to the site modern china.

Dadar is situated in the heart of mumbai, soil
is loamy and sandy, due to proximity to sea.
SOIL TYPE Similar to soil types in northwestern also
similar because of occurrence of basalt rock.
Malabar hills is situated in the heart of
mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due to
proximity to sea. Similar to soil types in
northwestern also similar because of
occurrence of basalt rock.
Borivali is situated in the Suburb of
mumbai, soil is loamy and sandy, due to
proximity to sea. Similar to soil types in
northwestern also similar because of
occurrence of basalt rock.
Soft soil area
Groundwater buoyancy 90%(practical design • To Understand the type of soil of
considerations 80% of water buoyancy) any site is important to develop a
layer containing gravelly coarse sand layer, conceptual level structure
as pile bearing stratum proposal for any high-rise
structure.

The homes and Offices offer unrivalled and In Mumbai, a building has to be oriented
unrestricted views of the Northern Suburbs, east-west to catch prevailing sea breezes
South Mumbai, Eastern Port and the Arabian and to open up the best views of the city.
Sea. Unfortunately, these are also the
directions of the hot sun and the heavy
monsoon rains.The old bungalows solved
these problems by wrapping a protective
layer of verandas around the main living
areas, thus providing the occupants with
ORIENTATION two lines of defence against the elements.
Arabian
Sea.
View
City View.
As said in Correas design n Mumbai, a
building has to be oriented east-west to
catch prevailing sea breezes and to open
up the best views of the city.
Hence the Site is designed in such a way
that the enclouser of the two tower trap
maximum winds from the west to east
Shanghai Tower is one of the most sustainably
advanced tall buildings in the world—designed to
achieve both LEED® Gold certification and a
China Green Building Three Star rating
• If a high rise structure is oriented
studying is climatic conditions its
can greatly increase the natural
ventilation and light thus
reducing the load on HVAC
system and lighting system .
Thus making it energy efficient.
• Success of Vernacular approach
or passive sustainable
technology could be easily
enhanced by proper orientation
• The user and types of user and
there circulation through a 3d
urban structure is a very
important aspect for orientation
of a MIXED-USE HIGH RISE
HABITAT.

Design Concept: An iconic structure Plan form Sculpted for Efficiency

basically The wind tunnel test is used to find the most
drawing inspiration from the diamond. beneficial scaling factor of about 55% and rotation
evolved from at 120°, which is account for the 24% savings of
the cross the wind load working on the structure.
ventilation • It important to design a building
Technical Innovation
process The concrete core acts with outriggers and which is relevant to the urban
through the supercolumns are the advances science of fabric of the city it proudly soars
super-high rises. the sky of.
It was clear that the architect has west to east
reference to Lecorbusier’s crossover
CONCEPT units in Unit habitation in Marseilles in
travelling winds
of Mumbai
Vertical Community
Shanghai tower embodies a new concept of super- • A resilient mixed use cluster
1952. Correa planned the 3 and 4 tall building by emphasizing public spaces at the development can be an attempt
bedroom units interlocking with 5 and 6 Where atrium levels. to solve any high density urban
bedroom units. 3-4 bedroom units balconies also space issues
occupies on and half level, and 5-6 gave an Sustainable Achievements
bedroom units occupies two and half There are two lays of skin wrapping the entire
artistic building. The atriums created by the skins features
levels. There are small level displacement
within the units to differenciate outdoor impression to as an insulation which keep the temperature
the towers stable.
terrace and indoor living space, dining
room and bedrooms and so on. These
change of levelshide the living and bed
rooms from the heat of sun and rains,
while the big opening of balcony could
get as much day light aspossible.

Name- Faisal Nasim, 5th Year, B. Architecture, Accurate Institute of Architecture and Planning, Gr. Noida
 RESIDENTIAL
TOWERS
12M MAIN WIDE
ENTRY
• An approach where different
zones are infused in an
interlinked context of its
urban fabric.

• FSI consideration is an
ZONNING- Important consideration for
any high rise proposal
PARKING-FSI RETAIL SPACE

OFFICES
RESIDENTAIL
CONSUMED Program: Mixed-Use Plot
Area: 18,615 sq.m Floor
Area: 50,000 sq.m
Height: 203 meters Main building,
142 meters Residence Building
Floor counts: 52 stories, 32 stories
Cost US$: 0.33 billion
Lifts: 28
50000 SQ.M FOR OFFICES
132 RESIDENTIAL UNITS
PARKING-3500 IN 13 STORIES
PLOT AREA 4.8 ACRE
PARKING CLUB
3 LEVEL OF PODIUM • Limiting the user to private
Program: Residential
Plot Area: 2900 sq.m
Program:
Residential 9M SERVICE
PARKING BBELOW
GARDN
Height- 632 m (2,073 ft)
spaces and allowing free roam
Building Footprint: 432 sq.m WIDE ENTRY
Floor count- 125
in its public spaces both
Plot Area: 13,680 sq.m
Floor Area: 5260 sq.m Floor area- 410,000 above ground and spaces segregated by different
Gross Floor Area: 30,500 sq.m
Height: 84 m 166,000sqm underground levels can be effective to
Height: 164 m , Two tower
Floor counts: 28 stories Floor counts: 42 stories Program- Offices, Luxury Hotel, Entertainment, create a mixed use
Lifts: 4 Lifts: 6 Retail, Bank, Restaurant, Conference environment
36 RESIDENTIAL UNITS 202 RESIDENTIAL UNITS and meeting halls, Banquet Hall and Cultural
PARKING – PROVIDED IN LEVELS PARKING – 409 IN LEVELS Venues
FSI CONSUMED – 3.5 FSI CONSUMED – 2 Underground levels are house retail and MEP.
Parking- 1,800 parking spaces.

• High rise structure can be

zoned vertically and the
connectivity is an important
VERTICAL factor between any two zones
ZONING • Service floors, lifts, shafts and
staircases are the most
important factor governing the
daily functionality of any high
rise

Mechanical Method Natural Method Natural Method

• 200 meter tall Kohinoor square has a well
designed HVAC system for its ventilation
purposes. As it’s a glass enveloped
structure the load of mechanical
ventilation is also high.
• The cooling towers are situated near water
tanks at some levels in the buildings
LIGHT AND
VENTILATION
(Natural &
Mechanical)
In Mumbai, a building has to be oriented • Natural method of light and
east-west to catch prevailing sea breezes Plan form basically evolved from ventilation solves these
and to open up the best views of the city. the cross ventilation process
Natural Method
problems at a residential level
Unfortunately, these are also the directions through the west to east travelling
of the hot sun and the heavy monsoon winds of Mumbai Curtain walls of • But at commercial level there is
rains. The old bungalows solved these Where balconies also gave an double glazed a need for mechanical
glass is used to
problems by wrapping a protective layer of artistic impression to the ventilation as there is a
restrict sun heat
verandas around the main living areas,
thus providing the occupants with two
towers
from entering
continues requirement of larger
floor space to work
the building to
lines of defence against the elements. collaboratively together.
reduce energy • A green approach like in linked
load.
hybrid is a very innovative
approach to tackle this
Plan form
basically
increasing load on the
mechanical system.
evolved from
the cross
ventilation
process

Name- Faisal Nasim, 5th Year, B. Architecture, Accurate Institute of Architecture and Planning, Gr. Noida
 • The Central Core Central core consist of 4 Lifts each
is surrounded by • Lobby has 3 Passenger lifts
the office spaces connecting all floors and 1 Fire escape
and refuge areas Lift
(at 24 meter of • Core connects 2 units on envry floor
height) • It has one staircases and one shaft
• There are
segregated office
space from 2nd to Central core
24th floor with • Central core is the heart of
toilets to each any skyscraper
office and a
• It must be efficiently designed
common toilet s Central core consist of 3 Lifts each in terms of planning as well
also provided on • Each Lobby has 2 Passenger lifts as cost
all these floors. connecting all floors and 1 Fire • A core holds all the services
escape Lift of a skyscraper hence it
Central core consist of 24Lifts • Core connects 3 units on envry floor contains structural values as
• 3 Lobbies of 6 Lifts serving levels 25th to • It has two staircases and one shaft well
39th • The planning is such that there is
• Spaces between the lifts where a lift lobby natural ventilation in the core
is not provided are used as toilets with dust
at either side: 2 lifts from this pack of 6 are
assessable to lower floors as well
• 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving levels 1st to 24th
SERVICE • There is a lift bank at 24th floor .
• 2 services lifts travelling Throughout the
CORE building
AREA DISTRIBUTION
• 2 Stair cases are also placed in the core Kanchanjunga
Residential 25%
Services
15% 60%
Parking

Residential Tower
Kohinoor Square
• Central core serves 3 lifts and 1services lifts
13% 3% 10%
• It connects 8 units on each floor
• It connects 6 on 17th floor which is refuge floor
21% 26%
• UNITS- 2.5 bhk 3bhk 3.5 bhk
16%

11%

Hotel Office
Residential Retail
Parking Services
Recreational ground

Refuge Floors • A refuge floor is very important for the

At 11th floor the first refuge floor is Refuge floors safety of people living in a high rise

REFUGE AREAS provided

DCR RULE
: 5th, 11th, 17th,
23rd & 29th
Refuge floors
are above •
structure
In case of high-rise bldg. More than 30
m then first refuge floor shall be
In case of high-rise bldg. more than 30 every zones provided at 24 m or first habitable
m then first refuge floor shall be floor whichever is higher. Thereafter
at every seventh habitable floor.
provided at 24 m or first habitable floor SECTION SHOWING
• Refuge floors
whichever is higher. Thereafter at every REFUGE FLOORS • Which is 4% area of the habitable zone
seventh habitable floor. WHICH IS 4% AREAOF above
THE HABITABLE ZONE
ABOVE

Name- Faisal Nasim, 5th Year, B. Architecture, Accurate Institute of Architecture and Planning, Gr. Noida