RIOTS IN

INDIA
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WHA
T AR
RIOT E
S?
➢ A riot  is a form of civil disorder commonly
characterized by a group lashing out in a
violent public disturbance against
authority, property or people.
➢ Riots typically involve theft, vandalism, and
destruction of property, public or private.
BOMBAY RIOTS
DATE 6 December 1992 --
26 January 1993

LOCATION Mumbai, India

CAUSED Demolition of Babri

Mosque
BY
DEATHS 900(575 Muslims,275
Hindus,50 Others)
• Many scholars stated that the riots were
pre-planned, and that the Hindu rioters were
granted access to information about the
locations of Muslim homes and businesses
through sources that were not public.
• The violence was widely reported as having
been orchestrated by the Shiv Sena,
a Hindu-nationalist political party in
Maharashtra.
• The riots were followed by a retaliatory 12
March 1993 Bombay Bombings, perpetrated
by criminal groups with alleged help of
ganglord Dawood Ibrahim and his
D-Company syndicate, in which more than
300 people were killed.
⬜ The Shrikrishna Commission identified two
phases to the riots. The first was mainly a
Muslim backlash as a result of the Babri Masjid
demolition in the week immediately succeeding
6 December 1992 led by political leaders
representing Hindutva in the city of Ayodhya.
⬜ The second phase was a Hindu backlash
occurring as a result of the killings of Hindu
Mathadi Kamgar by Muslim fanatics in Dongri,
stabbing of Hindus in Muslim majority areas
and burning of six Hindus, including a
physically handicapped girl in Radhabai Chawl.
This phase occurred in January 1993, with most
incidents reported between 6 and 20 January.
⬜ News of the demolition of Babri Masjid spread by
2:30 on 6 December 1992. Muslims angered by this
act felt that Islam was in imminent danger since
proponents of the Hindu nation had been allowed
to destroy, under the very nose of the armed forces.
The demolition of the Babri Masjid provided
enough fuel to excite, ignite and exploit the
sentimentalities of Islamists.
⬜ Rumours abounded that alleged members of
certain Hindutva parties were seen to be
celebrating the demolition of Babri structure.
Muslims protested violently on the streets. Large
number of Muslims congregated near Minara
Masjid in Pydhonie jurisdiction at about 2320 hours
on 6 December 1992 and came out protesting
frenziedly despite Mumbai being located in the
unrelated state of Maharashtra.
⬜ 9 January 1993:The riots continued unabated in 43
police station jurisdictions.
⬜ 17 January 1993:The situation seems to be
improving for the better. There is no occasion for
the police to resort to firing.
⬜ 18 January 1993:There was no occasion on which
police resorted to firing on this day. There was one
case of stabbing resulting in the killing of one
Muslim, three minor cases of mob violence in
which none was injured
⬜ 19 January 1993:The city appears to be limping back
to normalcy. Five stray cases of stabbing are
reported in which one Muslim was killed and two
Muslims were injured. Though nine stray cases of
arson are reported, there was no loss of life or
injury.
GUJARAT
RIOTS
DATE FEBRUARY
2002-MARCH 2002
LOCATION GUJARAT, INDIA

CAUSED BY GODHRA TRAIN

BURNING
METHODS RIOTS,MASS
RAPE,KIDNAPPING

DEATHS 790 Muslims,254

Hindus
INJURIES 2500+
▪ The 2002 Gujarat riots, also known as the 2002
Gujarat violence and the Gujarat pogrom, was a
three-day period of inter-communal violence in
the western Indian state of Gujarat.
▪ According to official figures, the riots ended
with 1,044 dead, 223 missing, and 2,500 injured.
Of the dead, 790 were Muslim and 254 Hindu.
▪ Many brutal killings and rapes were reported on
as well as widespread looting and destruction of
property. The Chief Minister of Gujarat at that
time, Narendra Modi, was accused of initiating
and condoning the violence
⬜ On the morning of 27 February 2002, the Sabarmati
Express, returning from Ayodhya to Ahmedabad,
stopped near the Godhra railway station. the kar
sevaks had been making a nuisance of themselves for
some time, troubling other passengers and forcing
them to shout "Jai Shriram".
⬜ An argument erupted between the train passengers
and the vendors on the railway platform. The
argument became violent and under uncertain
circumstances four coaches of the train caught fire
with many people trapped inside.
⬜ In the resulting conflagration, fifty-nine people
burned to death.
ALIGARH RIOTS
DATE 5 April 2006 – 8 April
2006

LOCATION Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh

CAUSED BY Muslims Removing the

decoration of a Hindu
Temple
DEATHS 6
⬜ Aligarh is a town with hindu majority a
large muslim minority (politically dominating)
in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It
has been the site of communal riots in past. At
least, five to six people died as a result of rioting
that began between Muslims and Hindus in the
town on 5 April 2006.
⬜ The rioting started on night of 5 April when
according to some people, members of the
Muslim community removed the decorations on
a Hindu temple while another version as
reported by some media suggests that riots
started after some Muslims objected to the
overnight celebration of Ram Navami
⬜ 5–6 April: According to one version of the events,
members of Muslim community remove
decorations on a Hindu temple in view of Rama
Navami leading to communal clashes in Sabzi
Mandi and Dahi Wali Galli areas of the city. Four
people are killed and 13 are injured. Another more
authentic version of story reported as by Reuters
suggests that tensions escalated after Muslims
objected to overnight celebration of Rama Navami.

⬜ 6 April: Curfew was not imposed in certain areas of

the city and Rapid Action Force is deployed. State
of Uttar Pradesh goes on 'Red Alert' as government
fears of rioting spreading to other cities.
⬜ 7 April: Death toll rises to 6, as the
city's Superintendent of Police S K Verma and
Additional District Magistrate Satya Bhan are
placed under suspension on charges of laxity.
Lalji Tandon, opposition leader of the Uttar
Pradesh state assembly, is detained
at Kanpur while on his way to riot-affected
areas. 68 people are arrested on rioting charges.

⬜ 8 April: Rioting continues despite the curfew

and heavy paramilitary presence in the city.
VADODARA
RIOTS
DATE 1 MAY 2006 –
3 MAY 2006
LOCATION VADODARA,
GUJARAT,INDIA
THE MUNICIPAL’S
CAUSED BY COUNCIL DECISION TO
REMOVE THE 200yr
OLD DARGAH

DEATHS 8

INJURIES 42
⬜ The riots were caused by the municipal
council's decision to remove the dargah (shrine)
of Syed Chishti Rashiduddin, a
medieval Sufi saint. The shrine was between
two and three hundred years old. The
independent people's commission has stated
that the police had targeted Muslims during the
incident.
⬜ The commissioner for police, Deepak Swaroop,
had requested caution on the issue. But Solanki
insisted on the programme continuing as the
shrine was in the way of development. It is
reported that he said "If the police and the
corporation will not do it, our boys in
the Bajrang Dal will do it."
⬜ On the first day it is estimated that eighteen
people were injured and thirty-eight placed
under arrest. The police have stated that they
had at first used tear gas and batons in an
attempt to control the crowd, but were left with
no option other than to shoot. On the 2 May
there were incidents of violence between
Muslims and Hindus in several areas.
⬜ On 3 May the State government requested that
the federal government provide additional
security personnel. A Muslim man had been
burned to death in his car by a 1,500 strong
crowd, and cases of arson had been reported.
People were also evacuated out of the Ajabdi
Mills area as a precaution.
CANNING
RIOTS
⬜ The 2013 Canning riots were riots
between Bengali Hindus and Bengali
Muslims in the Indian state of West Bengal on
21 February 2013. The riots occurred in
the Canning subdivision, after a Muslim cleric
was killed by unidentified assailants.
⬜  Following this incident, Muslim mobs burned
down over 200 Hindu homes in the villages of
Naliakhali, Herobhanga, Gopalpur and
Goladogra villages in the Canning police station
area. 24 Hindu-owned shops were looted in
Jaynagar police station area under Baruipur
subdivision.
 VIOLENCE
Naliakhali is a Hindu majority village in the
Gopalpur panchayat that fell under the
executive jurisdiction of the Canning police
station. Shortly after news of the Imam's death
was known to the local population, scores of
Muslim mourners gathered at dawn around the
body of the Imam at the location of the
shooting, blocking the road. When a junior
police officer and two constables were sent to
recover the body, they were surrounded by the
crowd and assaulted.
MUZAFFARNAGA
R
RIOTS
DATE 27 August 2013 –
17 September 2013
LOCATION Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh

CAUSED BY Minor altercation between youth

RESULTED IN More than 41000 Muslims made

Refugees
DEATHS 62
(42 Muslims, 20 Hindus)
INJURIES 93

ARRESTED 1000 Booked

DETAINED 10000
⬜ This riot has been described as "the worst
violence in Uttar Pradesh in recent history",
with the army, as a result, being deployed in the
state for the first time in last 20 years.
⬜  Supreme Court of India while hearing petitions
in relation to the riots held the Akhilesh
Yadav led Samajwadi Party, prima facie guilty
of negligence in preventing the violence and
ordered it to immediately arrest all those
accused irrespective of their political affiliation.
⬜ Court also blamed the Central government for
its failure to provide intelligence inputs to the
Samajwadi Party-ruled state government in
time to help sound alerts.
⬜ The killing of the three youths in Kawal village
started echoing across the district. On 30
August, two days after the incident,
local Bahujan Samaj Party 
and Congress leaders had hijacked a Muslim
meeting demanding justice for the Kawal
incident. Also, local Bharatiya Janata
Party leaders allegedly gave an incendiary
speech instigating the Hindu farmers on 31
August.
⬜ A First Information Report (FIR) has been
lodged against all the leaders. After the two
meetings, the farmers were attacked and killed.
 SEXUAL VIOLENCE
The first case of gang-rape was registered in
the aftermath of the riots from the village
of Fugana in Jogiya Kheda. Later two more
cases of rape were registered in October. It
was reported on 15 November 2013 that a
total of 13 rape and sexual harassment
cases were registered over the past two
months of rioting and the report named
111 people in the incidents but no arrests
had been made till then.
SAHARANPUR
RIOTS
DATE 25 July 2014

LOCATION Saharanpur,
Uttar Pradesh
CAUSE BY Over a small piece of
land
DEATHS 3

INJURIES 33
⬜ The riots occurred between Muslims, led by
Muharram Ali Pappu, and Sikhs, led by Shri
Guru Singh Sabha, over a piece of land.
⬜ The root of clashes is a land dispute between
former MLA Moharram Ali aka Pappu Ali
and Gurudwara Singh Sabha in Kutubsher
area. The land is adjacent to
the gurdwara near the railway station, of
which both groups claims ownership.
⬜ On 25 July, members of the gurdwara
flagged off the construction to expand the
gurdwara premises, and clashes broke out
the next day.
⬜ The gurdwara management had purchased land 15
years ago, but Pappu claims that the land belongs
to the mosque and Wakf board and there cannot be
construction without their permission. A petition
was filed in the civil court 10 years previously by
Moharram Ali Pappu in the civil court, stating that
the land belonged to the mosque.
⬜  Three years ago some members of the local
gurdwara committee met Pappu to settle the land
row. Money was also offered to him but the deal
fell through. One Abdul Wahab had challenged the
gurdwara’s claim over the land and told the court
he had done so at the behest of Pappu.
⬜ In May 2013, additional district judge passed an
order stating that land belonged to the gurdwara.