Electrical System Presentation: A318/A319/A320/A321 General Familiarization Course Electrical Power

A318/A319/A320/A321
GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSE ELECTRICAL POWER
ELECTRICAL POWER 1/40 MENU
Electrical System Presentation
DATE: JAN 2005 Page 1 UM24ZA000000001

A318/A319/A320/A321
AC
AC NORMAL
NORMAL GENERATION
GENERATION
GEN 1 GEN 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
Integrated Drive Generator

(IDG)
IDG 1 IDG 2
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 2/40 MENU
There are two identical engine driven generators called Integrated Drive
Generators (IDG).
They are used as the main power source to supply the A/C electrical network.

A318/A319/A320/A321
AC
AC NORMAL
NORMAL GENERATION
GENERATION
GEN 1 GEN 2
Constant Speed Drive

(CSD)
IDG 1 CSD IDG 2 CSD
The IDG basically contains, in a common housing, a generator and a Constant

Speed Drive (CSD). The CSD provides a constant input speed to the generator
which is required for a constant output frequency.

A318/A319/A320/A321
AC
AC NORMAL
NORMAL NETWORK
NETWORK
AC 1 AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
Each generator supplies 115V 400Hz Alternating Current (AC) to its own bus:
- generator 1 supplies AC bus 1,
- generator 2 supplies AC bus 2.
This supply is known as split operation, that means the AC power sources are
never connected in parallel.

A318/A319/A320/A321
DC
DC NORMAL
NORMAL GENERATION
GENERATION
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
Transformer Rectifier
(TR)
Each AC bus supplies a Transformer Rectifier (TR):

- AC bus 1 supplies TR 1,
- AC bus 2 supplies TR 2.

A318/A319/A320/A321
DC
DC NORMAL
NORMAL NETWORK
NETWORK
DC 1 DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
The TRs convert 115V AC into 28V DC to supply their associated DC buses, DC
1 and DC 2.

A318/A319/A320/A321
DC
DC NORMAL
NORMAL NETWORK
NETWORK
DC BAT
DC 1 DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
DC bus 1 then supplies the DC BAT bus.

A318/A319/A320/A321
BATTERIES
BATTERIES COUPLING
COUPLING
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
The DC battery bus can charge the batteries or receive power from the batteries
as a backup supply, if no other power sources are available.

A318/A319/A320/A321
ESS
ESS NETWORK
NETWORK
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
The electrical system also includes two Essential Buses.

One is the AC ESS bus fed by AC bus 1 and the other is the DC ESS bus fed by
DC bus 1.
These buses are used to supply the most important A/C systems.

A318/A319/A320/A321
NORMAL
NORMAL CONFIGURATION
CONFIGURATION
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 GEN 2
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 10/40

10/40 MENU
This is the basic electrical system.

We will now introduce some other components which also supply the system.

A318/A319/A320/A321
APU
APU GEN
GEN SUPPLY
SUPPLY
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 2
APU GEN
AC 1 AC ESS
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2
Auxiliary Power Unit

(APU)

11/40 MENU
The entire electrical network can also be supplied by the APU generator.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL POWER
POWER SUPPLY
SUPPLY
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

12/40 MENU
On the ground, the aircraft electrical network can be supplied by an external

power source.

A318/A319/A320/A321
POWER
POWER SOURCE
SOURCE PRIORITIES
PRIORITIES
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

13/40 MENU
Any one of the power sources can supply the entire electrical network.
As no parallel connection is allowed on this A/C (split operation), we have to
give priorities to the different power sources in supplying the bus bars.
AC 1 and AC 2 buses are supplied in priority by their ownside generator, then
the external power, then the APU generator and then by the opposite generator.

A318/A319/A320/A321
ABNORMAL
ABNORMAL CONFIGURATION
CONFIGURATION
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
TR 1 ESS TR TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2
CSD CSD

14/40 MENU
The electrical system is also fitted with an ESSential Transformer Rectifier (ESS
TR), which supplies the DC ESS Bus in abnormal or emergency configuration.
In abnormal configuration (loss of TR1 or TR2) the ESS TR is supplied by the
AC ESS Bus.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY CONFIGURATION
CONFIGURATION
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
EMER GEN
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
EMER GEN
TR 1 ESS TR TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

15/40 MENU
The hydraulic power to drive the EMER GEN is provided by a Ram Air Turbine
(RAT) via the blue hydraulic system.
The RAT is located in the belly fairing and extends in case of severe electrical or
hydraulic failures.
We will see the RAT activation later.
In emergency configuration (loss of AC BUS 1 and AC BUS 2), the ESS TR is
supplied by the emergency generator.

A318/A319/A320/A321
BATTERY
BATTERY ONLY
ONLY CONFIGURATION
CONFIGURATION
BAT 1 BAT 2
DC BAT
DC 1 DC ESS DC 2
EMER GEN
STAT INV
TR 1 TR 2
AC 1 AC ESS AC 2
GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

16/40 MENU
In emergency configuration with emergency generator not available, BAT 1

supplies the AC ESS BUS via the static inverter and BAT 2 supplies the DC ESS
BUS.

A318/A319/A320/A321
ELECTRICAL POWER ECAM ELEC PAGE 17/40

17/40 MENU
You can see that all the components we have talked about are displayed on the
ECAM page. Notice that each component has a title to aid identification.
GEN 1 and GEN 2 supplying AC bus 1 and AC bus 2.
TR 1 and TR 2 supplying DC bus 1 and DC bus 2.
Two essential busses supplied by the corresponding main buses.
The DC BAT bus and two batteries.
For simplification, the component indications have been removed, let’s now
present them.
As shown, each component can be monitored via its indications.

A318/A319/A320/A321
MAIN ELEC PANEL
ELECTRICAL POWER PANEL LOCATION 18/40

18/40 MENU
The ELEC panel is located on the overhead panel. On the 318, a commercial
pushbutton switch is added on the ELEC panel.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EMER ELEC PWR PANEL
ELECTRICAL POWER PANEL LOCATION 19/40

19/40 MENU
For emergency cases, there is an EMER ELEC PWR panel on the left hand side
of the overhead panel.
Now let’s look at the relationship between the ELEC panel and the ECAM
ELEC page.

A318/A319/A320/A321
ELECTRICAL POWER CONTROL & INDICATING 20/40

20/40 MENU
The battery voltage can be monitored either on the overhead panel or the ECAM
page.

A318/A319/A320/A321

21/40 MENU
Each battery is controlled by a pushbutton switch.

A318/A319/A320/A321

22/40 MENU
Both main generators and the APU generator are controlled by their associated
pushbutton switch.

A318/A319/A320/A321

23/40 MENU
The external power is also controlled by a pushbutton switch.

A318/A319/A320/A321

24/40 MENU
The AC ESS FEED pushbutton switch enables the pilots to change the supply for
the AC ESS bus from AC bus 1 to AC bus 2.

A318/A319/A320/A321

25/40 MENU
When the BUS TIE pushbutton switch is in AUTO position, it allows the
opening or closing of the bus tie contactors in order to supply the AC 1 and AC 2
buses according to the power supply priorities.
When OFF, both bus tie contactors open to isolate one side of the network from
the other (e.g.: smoke configuration).

A318/A319/A320/A321

26/40 MENU
In case of failure, these pushbutton switches disconnect the IDG from the engine
gear box.

A318/A319/A320/A321

27/40 MENU
The COMMERCIAL pushbutton switch allows the shedding of galleys, cabin

and commercial related loads.

A318/A319/A320/A321

28/40 MENU
The GALY & CAB pushbutton switch allows galleys and some sub-buses to be
shed.

A318/A319/A320/A321

29/40 MENU
The EMER GEN TEST switch is used to test the emergency generator.
In avionics smoke condition, the GEN 1 LINE pushbutton disconnects the
generator from the busbar but it remains energized to supply fuel pumps.
MAN ON pushbutton
The RAT is automatically extended by the system in case of loss of AC 1 and
AC 2 buses in order to pressurize the blue hydraulic system.
Then the emergency generator automatically supplies the essential network, if its
parameters are correct.
NOTE: The RAT may be extended manually by pressing the red guarded MAN
ON pushbutton.
The RAT + EMER GEN LIGHT comes on red when the emergency generator is
not yet on line (transient configuration about 3 sec or generator faulty).

A318/A319/A320/A321
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY
GENERATOR
GENERATOR
APU
APU
GEN
GEN
IDGs
IDGs
VOLTAGE FREQUENCY PHASES POWER

IDG 1/2 115 V 400 Hz 3 phases 90 kVA
APU GEN 115 V 400 Hz 3 phases 90 kVA
EMER GEN 115 V 400 Hz 3 phases 5 kVA
ELECTRICAL POWER COMPONENT LOCATION 30/40

30/40 MENU
No comment.

A318/A319/A320/A321
STATIC
STATIC INVERTER
INVERTER BATTERY
BATTERY CHARGE
CHARGE LIMITERs
LIMITERs (BCLs)
(BCLs)
BATTERIES
BATTERIES
TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER
RECTIFIER
RECTIFIER
(TR)
(TR) 1,
1, 22
INPUT OUTPUT POWER

Static Inverter 24 V 115 V (1 phase) 1 kVA
Transformer/Rectifier 115 V 28 V 200 A

31/40 MENU
The static inverter converts the direct current from battery 1 into an AC current if
no other source is available.
The Battery Charge Limiters (BCLs) control the battery coupling and uncoupling
to the DC BATTERY BUS to ensure battery charging and protection.
Each battery is rated at 24 V with a capacity of 23 Ah.
All TRs are identical and interchangeable.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EPGS
EPGS
COCKPIT
COCKPIT C/B
C/B PANELS
PANELS
ELECTRICAL
ELECTRICAL
GENERATION
GENERATION
GROUND
GROUND POWER
POWER INTERFACE
INTERFACE UNIT
UNIT GENERATOR
GENERATOR CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL
CONTROL UNIT
UNIT (GPCU)
(GPCU) (EGIU)
(EGIU) 1,
1, 22 UNITs
UNITs (GCU)
(GCU) 1,
1, 2,
2, APU
APU
32/40 MENU
The Ground Power Control Unit (GPCU) connects the external power to the A/C
network if all parameters are within the limits.
It is also the central unit connected to the Centralized Fault Display Unit for on-
board maintenance purposes.
The Electrical Generation Interface Units (EGIU) used by the ECAM to display
the AC electrical power parameters.
The Generator Control Units (GCUs) protect and control the A/C network and
generators.
The main C/B panels are located in the cockpit.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EEPGS
EEPGS
COCKPIT
COCKPIT C/B
C/B PANELS
PANELS
GROUND
GROUND AND
AND AUXILIARY
AUXILIARY GENERATOR
GENERATOR
POWER
POWER CONTROL
CONTROL CONTROL
CONTROL UNIT
UNIT
UNIT
UNIT (GAPCU)
(GAPCU) (GCU)
(GCU) 1,
1, 22
33/40 MENU
In the EEPGS, the GPCU is replaced by a Ground and Auxiliary Power Control
Unit (GAPCU). The GAPCU controls the APU Gen and the external power
channels.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY
GENERATOR
GENERATOR
CONTROL
CONTROL UNIT
UNIT
(GCU)
(GCU)
ESSENTIAL
ESSENTIAL
TRANSFORMER
TRANSFORMER RECTIFIER
RECTIFIER (TR)
(TR)

34/40 MENU
The ESS TR is identical to TR 1 and TR 2. It converts 115 VAC to

28 VDC at a rate of 200 A.
The EMER GCU connects the EMERgency GENerator to the ESSential
network, if all conditions are met.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EXTERNAL
EXTERNAL POWER
POWER
CONTROL
CONTROL PANEL
PANEL

35/40 MENU
The Ground Power Control Panel (GPCP) and the external power receptacle are
located in front of the nose landing gear.
On this panel, 2 Lights indicate the Ground Power Unit availability (AVAIL
light) and connection to the A/C network (NOT IN USE light).
The Ground Power Unit should provide 400 Hz 3 phase 115 VAC rated at 90
kVA minimum.

A318/A319/A320/A321
AFT
AFT CABIN
CABIN C/B
C/B PANEL
PANEL
THIS SWITCH IS USED ON THE GROUND

TO SUPPLY THE SERVICE BUSES ONLY.
FWD
FWD CABIN
CABIN C/B
C/B PANEL
PANEL

36/40 MENU
The MAINTenance BUS switch, located on the forward cabin C/B panel, allows
the AC and DC service buses to be supplied without energizing the whole A/C
electrical network.
The aft cabin C/B panel contains only C/Bs.

A318/A319/A320/A321
RAT DEPLOYMENT
RAM
RAM AIR
AIR TURBINE
TURBINE DEPLOYMENT
DEPLOYMENT ++
EMERGENCY
EMERGENCY GENERATOR
GENERATOR ACTIVATION
ACTIVATION
WARNING:
ACTIVATION OF THE RED GUARDED MAN ON
PUSHBUTTON ON THE GROUND OR IN FLIGHT
WILL EXTEND THE RAM AIR TURBINE (RAT),
EVEN ON COLD AIRCRAFT.
ELECTRICAL POWER SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS 37/40

37/40 MENU
The RAT will extend automatically to pressurize the blue hydraulic system,
which powers the EMERgency Generator, if the A/C speed is sufficient and AC
BUS 1 and 2 are no longer supplied.
CAUTION: The RAT will extend also if the red guarded MAN ON
pushbutton is pressed, even if the A/C is not electrically
supplied (cold A/C).

A318/A319/A320/A321
EPGS
EPGS
GCU
GCU 1,
1, 2,
2, APU
APU
GPCU
GPCU
EMER
EMER GCU
GCU
TR
TR 11 ,, 2,
2, ESS
ESS
BCL
BCL 1,
1, 22
CFDIU
CFDIU
ELECTRICAL POWER MAINTENANCE / TEST FACILITIES 38/40

38/40 MENU
The GPCU is the interface between the GCUs and the CFDIU for test purposes
and fault reporting on the MCDUs .
Both the BCLs and the EMER GCU communicate with the CFDIU for the same
purposes.
The TRs are connected to the CFDIU so that they can be reset via the MCDU.

A318/A319/A320/A321
EEPGS
EEPGS
GCU
GCU 1,
1, 22
GAPCU
GAPCU
EMER
EMER GCU
GCU
TR
TR 11 ,, 2,
2, ESS
ESS
BCL
BCL 1,
1, 22
CFDIU
CFDIU
ELECTRICAL POWER MAINTENANCE / TEST FACILITIES 39/40

39/40 MENU
In the EEPGS, the GAPCU is the interface between the GCUs and the CFDIU
for test purposes and fault reporting on the MCDUs.

A318/A319/A320/A321
ELECTRICAL POWER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS 40/42

40/42 MENU EXIT
When you work on the electrical system, make sure that you obey all the AMM
safety procedures. This will prevent injury to persons and/or damage to the
aircraft. Here is an overview of main safety precautions relative to the electrical
system.
When you perform any maintenance task on the electrical system, make sure that
no AC or DC power source is connected to the aircraft electrical circuits. There
is a risk of electrocution if the AC or DC power remains connected.
Some components are heavy. You must make sure that you can hold the
component before you remove/install it. If it fails, it can cause injury to persons
and damage to equipment.
Before you connect/disconnect the ground power unit connector to the external
power receptacle of the aircraft, make sure that the external electrical power is
not energized, dangerous arcing can occur. Make sure that all the electrical
circuits in maintenance are isolated before you supply electrical power to the
aircraft.
Be careful when you work on the engine components after the engine is
shutdown. The components can remain hot for up to one hour. Hot parts can
cause an injury and hot oil can burn your eyes and skin. Oil is poisonous.
When you are in contact with oil, fuel or other harmful products use goggles,
insulated gloves and other protective clothes. Use solvents/cleaning agents,
sealant and other special materials only in a good ventilated work area. These
materials are poisonous.
Anyway, get medical aid if necessary.
A318/A319/A320/A321
SYSTEM INTRODUCTION
ECAM ELEC PAGE
PANEL LOCATION
CONTROL AND INDICATING
COMPONENT LOCATION
SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
MAINTENANCE / TEST FACILITIES
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
EXIT RETURN TO THE LESSON
ELECTRICAL POWER MENU 41/40

41/40 MENU

A318/A319/A320/A321
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A318/A319/A320/A321

GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSE ELECTRICAL POWER

ELECTRICAL POWER 1/40 MENU

Electrical System Presentation

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 1 UM24ZA000000001

Integrated Drive Generator

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 2/40 MENU

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 2 UM24ZA000000001

Constant Speed Drive

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 3/40 MENU

The IDG basically contains, in a common housing, a generator and a Constant

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 3 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 4/40 MENU

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 4 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 5/40 MENU

Each AC bus supplies a Transformer Rectifier (TR):

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 5 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 6/40 MENU

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 6 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 7/40 MENU

DC bus 1 then supplies the DC BAT bus.

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 7 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 8/40 MENU

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 8 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 9/40 MENU

The electrical system also includes two Essential Buses.

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 9 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 10/40

This is the basic electrical system.

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 10 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

Auxiliary Power Unit

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 11/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 11 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 12/40

On the ground, the aircraft electrical network can be supplied by an external

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 12 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 13/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 13 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 14/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 14 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 15/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 15 UM24ZA000000001

GEN 1 APU GEN GEN 2

ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM INTRODUCTION 16/40

In emergency configuration with emergency generator not available, BAT 1

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 16 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER ECAM ELEC PAGE 17/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 17 UM24ZA000000001

MAIN ELEC PANEL

ELECTRICAL POWER PANEL LOCATION 18/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 18 UM24ZA000000001

EMER ELEC PWR PANEL

ELECTRICAL POWER PANEL LOCATION 19/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 19 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER CONTROL & INDICATING 20/40

DATE: JAN 2005 Page 20 UM24ZA000000001

ELECTRICAL POWER CONTROL & INDICATING 21/40

Each battery is controlled by a pushbutton switch.