Answer 1:

5S is a visually-oriented system which focuses on cleanliness, efficiency, and

arrangement designed to facilitate greater productivity, safety, and quality. It engages all
employees and is a foundation for more self-discipline on the job for efficient work and better
products.

This must be applied in Chai ki Pyaali across India because people like to work in a
well-maintained and clean environment. They feel better about themselves and better about their
work life, and they restore the self-discipline that is found in all winning teams. The 5s is a
system and must be performed one after another for better results. The 5S are as follows:-

1. Sorting-
It means clearing the deck for the remaining activities. It is required to accomplish any
future activities perfectly. This can be done by following certain steps such as establish
criteria for what is not needed and what is not. For example, if something has not been
used for a year, it should be disposed. The items which aren't required must disposed of
by either giving it to other department which can use it, sell it or dispose it. Once this
initial sorting is done, we can now work on the next 'S'.

2. Simplifying -

Simplifying is about finding home for everything. The home should be where the item
will most efficiently be stored so it can be of use. Frequently-used items must be as close
to where they are used as quick as possible. The steps of simplifying are determining a
location for each item based on frequency of use and proper safety zone. This can
decrease the likelihood of strain injuries. Develop shadow boards and label items to
understand quickly. Determine how to refill all supplies. Document layout, equipment,
supplies, and agreements for returning items to their homes are different steps that can be
helpful in improving efficiency.

3. Systematic Cleaning -
 Systematic cleaning provides a better way to inspect, by doing a clean sweep(check)
around a work area. This means both by visually as well as with a broom or rags. The
idea is to make the job of doing daily cleaning and inspections easier and effective. The
steps of systematic cleaning are identify points to check for their performance. Determine
the level of acceptable performance. Conduct daily cleaning and visual checks to ensure
the overall performance.

4. Standardizing -

Standardizing is assuring that everyone knows what is expected. Since the workplace
team establishes the standards, every member should have had some involvement in
establishing the 5S in their work area. Still, it is important to make these standards very
clear to every employee. The steps in standardizing are establish a routine check sheet for
each department. The check sheet should be like a pilot's pre-flight check list. It depicts
what the team should check during self-audits. Establish a multi-level audit system where
each level in the organization has a role to play in ensuring that the 5S is sustained in the
departments and that the 5S system evolves and strengthens throughout the organization.
Establish and give written standard methods across similar work areas. Document every
new standard methods for doing the work.

5. Sustaining -

Sustaining is usually thought of as the toughest all 5 "S.". Actually, the trick is to let
the 5S system work for you. When you get to this 'S', you should have engaged everyone
in the work area during 5S activities and must have a "tell at a glance" visual workplace.
If this is so, then sustaining is not difficult. That is important, but is not sufficient. A
more systematic way to prevent backsliding and to foster is through continuous
improvement. The steps of sustaining are determine the 5S level of achievement by
providing the overall grade. Perform worker-led routine 5S checks using the 5S check list
to know the result. Address backsliding and new opportunities found during the routine
checks. Conduct scheduled routine checks by team leads or supervisors or by people from
outside of the workgroup to know the original results. Perform higher-level audits to
evaluate how well the 5S system is working throughout the organization. Most Often, the
company's safety committee is an excellent body for conducting these routine audits.
As a conclusion, it is clear that the teamwork and discipline built through 5S improve
worker-to-worker and worker-to-manager relationships. This is very much important for
Chai ki Pyaali chain as it is now planning to expand. When employees see that what they
do makes a difference, and when they see that they have eliminated wasteful practices,
their pride grows. This is perhaps the greatest and most important benefit of 5S.
Answer 2:

Chai ki Pyaali depends on society for inputs such as money, men, and skills and also for
market where their products have to be sold to the customers. The business depends on the
society for existence, sustenance and encouragement.

Being so much dependent on society, Chai ki Pyaali also has a definite responsibility towards
different segments of society. Though making profit is one of main objectives of business but it
has to satisfy employees, consumer, government, community, shareholders also. The different
responsibilities of Chai ki Pyaali are:

1. Responsibilities towards employees:

No Enterprise in any market can succeed without the whole-hearted cooperation of the
employees. Responsibility of Chai ki Pyaali towards employees is in the form of training,
promotion, proper selection, fair wages, safety, health, worker’s education, comfortable
working conditions, participation management etc.

The employees should be taken into consideration while taking decisions affecting their
interests. All the workers should be offered incentives for raising their performance
irrespective of their level in the firm. Mental, physical, economic and cultural satisfaction
of employees should be taken utmost care of. If Chai ki Pyaali looks after the welfare of
employees then in return they will also work whole heartedly for the prosperity of
business.

2. Responsibility towards owners:

Chai ki Pyaali is accountable towards owner as well as managing business profitably,
ensuring fair and regular return on capital employed by the owner, consolidating financial
position of business, guaranteeing capital appreciation so as to enable the owner to
withstand any business contingencies is of much importance.

3. Responsibility of business towards consumers:

 Quality tea should be produced and supplied. Buying capacity and consumer
preferences should be taken into consideration while deciding the business policies. The
care must be exercised in providing tea and snacks which has no adverse effect on the
health of consumers.
Consumers all over the world are, by and large, dissatisfied because the performance of
businessman is not satisfactory. Consumer is not treated as the king in our country but a
vehicle used by businessmen for driving towards the goal of profit maximization.

As a result, the concept of ‘consumerism’ has come up to protect the rights of

consumers. Even the government is now interfering in a big way to protect the interests
of consumers.

4. Government:
A number of legislatives are formed such as L.B.T., GST, etc. from time to time by the
government for proper regulation and control of business. As a businessmen Mr. Shravan
should comply with all legal requirements, execute government contracts, pay taxes
honestly and in time, make services of executives available for government, suggest
measures and send proposals to enact new laws for the business.

A number of taxes are imposed on business for collecting revenue like VAT,GST, etc.
Mr. Shravan should pay various taxes in time and help government in collecting funds.
They should not resort to tax evasions rather they should declare their incomes honestly
and correctly.

5. Environment:
Chai ki Pyaali as a business should protect the environment which has acquired great
importance all over the world. Chai ki Pyaali can discharge the responsibility of
protecting environment by using scarce natural resources such as coal, etc. very carefully
as these are depleting at a very fast rate. The alternative sources can also be found out to
save natural resources like the use of coal can be reduced by alternative source of energy.

Appropriate steps should be taken by Chai ki Pyaali to prevent environmental pollution

and to preserve ecological balance. The waste should be disposed off carefully or if
possible should be recycled to minimize pollution. The toxic wastes, chemical pesticides,
etc. should to be checked from time to time.

In this way as a responsible business Chai ki Pyaali can sustain and enjoy growth. These
social responsibilities if fulfilled can lead Chai ki Pyaali to earn great profits with an
addition of respect from different stakeholders.
Answer 3: a)

Henry Fayol is regarded as the real father of modern management. From his practical
experience, he developed some management techniques. He brought out some 14 basic
management principles, which according to him, could be used in all management situations,
irrespective of the organizational framework. He was a prominent scientist who was considered to
be among the first few who laid down a foundation for scientific management. He gave us 14
principles of Management which are based on fundamental truths and act as guiding principles for
decision making and other managerial responsibilities in any organization. Let's see some
principles which can be applied in Chai ki Pyaali:

1. Division of Work-
Dividing work among the workforce helps improve the overall quality of the product.
According to Henry Fayol, specialization in work increases the productivity and improves
efficiency. In Chai ki Pyaali this can applied by appointing different person to make the
product(chai) and different person to serve it in a cup. This can be beneficial because both
can focus on single work and get expertise in that work.
Division of labour also leads to the increase in specialization, accuracy, and speed of the
workers. This principle is applicable both in managerial as well as technical work of Chai ki
Pyaali.
2. Discipline-
Nothing good can ever be achieved without discipline. It is one of the core values in any
organization. Good behavior and civilized interactions make the management work more
smoothly and efficiently. As in Chai ki Pyaali, if the employees are following a disciplined
way of interrogating their customers as well as with their colleagues the overall
environment will be filled with positivity. Good conduct by employees can also help them
smoothly progress in their careers.
3. Unity of Command-
It actually means following a chain of command. An employee should ideally answer to
just one boss. The reason behind it is if an employee is given work from more than one boss,
there arises a conflict of interest. This can lead to confusion among the employees and hard
to pin accountability. Chai ki Pyaali as an tea selling firm should follow this because if there
 are more than one individual commanding then it eventually lead to confusion and
misunderstandings. Thus, it is very crucial to follow unity o command.
4. Unity of Direction-
For any organization to prosper, there must be a unified goal. This principle is crucial for
Chai ki Pyaali as it incorporates the idea of a workforce working in a singular direction with
a unified aim. The responsibility of planning for achieving that goal falls on the manager
and he also must monitor the progress towards the said goal.
5. Remuneration-
All employees love an appreciation for our efforts. Remuneration in an organization works
as a motivational force that keeps the employees fuelled to perform well. This remuneration
should be in tandem with the efforts every employee put's in. Chai ki Pyaali should pay
remuneration to employees if they achieved their targets or if have saved from any unusual
issues. Remuneration can be monetary or non-monetary. At the end, the employee must feel
that he was appropriately rewarded for his efforts that he had put in for the organization.
In this way Chai ki Pyaali can apply Henry Fayol's principles of management in their
organization to successfully and efficiently continue to sustain in the market.

Answer 3:b)

A leader is someone who has the ability to take the team members in the right direction
by leading them from the front and not the otherwise. In reality, leadership is a bit polymorphic
in nature. The definition has a different meaning in different instances. Contrary to the popular
belief, it has nothing to do with your stature or hierarchy in the organization, it’s more about
developing a positive attitude and transmitting it to others around you to encourage them to reach
a common goal. The different leadership styles are as follows:
1. Autocratic leadership style-
Autocratic leadership style is a much strong one-dimensional leadership style that gives
full power or authority to the leader/boss/manager. In this style, the leader makes all the
decisions without consulting with subordinates or team members. He makes all the
important calls which are then communicated to team members and they are expected to
work on the instructions quickly.
 In other words, leader is the ultimate decision-maker in an autocratic leadership style. For
example, famous names such as Donald Trump and Albert J Dunlap are of the autocratic
style of leadership
2. Democratic leadership style-
Unlike the autocratic leadership style, the democratic leadership style is more
participative in nature where the leader involves team members while making important
decisions. It works well for an organization if the team members are highly skilled and
experienced. The best part of this kind of leadership style is that the there is a
communication from upward to downward(in respect of hierarchy). In democratic
leadership style which is also called participative leadership, it requires the leader to be
intelligent, creative, considerate, and competent.
In any workplace scenario, democratic leadership style is most preferred over other
leadership styles as it maintains positive environment.

3. Coaching leadership style-

It is one of the most effective leadership styles that doesn’t lead directly but it leads
indirectly. In this leadership style, leaders are more like coaches or teachers, where the
leaders involve in coaching or supervising team members. It is a relatively modern
leadership style that is being employed more often by many large as a well as small scale
organizations.
It comes with many other additional benefits such as boosting employee motivation,
increasing their performance skills, grooming, and motivating team members.
In the Chai ki Pyaali chain stores, the manager Mr. Shravan has followed democratic
leadership style because before taking any decision he consults all his managers. He shares his
ideas with them and also respects their ideas too. He is always keen on learning new modern
management principles and practices from his employees.