Solutions to Challengers 383

Chapter 10
Light: Reflection and Refraction
R 5. (b) Given,
1. (c) We know that, f =
2 Refractive index of flint glass with respect to air na = 136
.
36 nf
∴ f = = 18, m = 3 ∴ n fa =
2 na
f .
165
∴ m= = = 1.21
u− f .
136
18 Thus, the refractive index of flint glass with respect to
⇒ −3 = alcohol is 1.21.
u − 18
⇒ u = 12 cm 6. (b) Given, µ dg = 16
. and µ g = 15 .
1 1 1 Refractive index of diamond with respect to glass
2. (c) + = Absolute refractive index of diamond
u v f =
Take real + ve, virtual = −ve Absolute refractive index of glass (µ g )
sign convention So, absolute refractive index of diamond = Refractive index
I v 1 of diamond glass (µ dg ) × Absolute refractive index of glass
n= = = (µ g )
O u µ
∴ µ d = 16 . × 15
. = 2.4
u
⇒ v= 7. (a) From figure, i = r and r ′ = 90 ° − r
µ
sin r ′ sin(90 °−r )
1 n 1 u Now, n= =
∴ − = ⇒f = ⇒ u = f (1 − n ) sin r sin r
u u f 0 −n cosr 1
⇒ n= =
∴ Required distance = −u = (n − 1) f sin r tan r
3. (d) Let n photons fall on mirror each having frequency ν1 1
We know that, n =
energy of all photons is 1 sec is = 10 J = nν sin C
2nhν where, C = critical angle
Rate of change of momentum = (after reflection)
c 1 1
∴ =
2 20 sin C tan r
= × 10 = = 6.7 × 10 −8 N
c 3 × 10 8 ⇒ C = sin −1 (tan r )
4. (c) An object is at c, 8. (b) The situation is shown in figure. In the absence of
∴ u = −c = −2 f concave lens, the parallel beam will be focussed at f 2 i.e. at
1 1 1 a distance 20 cm from the lens A. The focal length of
Mirror formula, = + concave lens is 5 cm. i.e. if this lens is placed at 5 cm from
f u v f 2 , then the beam will become parallel. So, d = 15 cm.
For concave mirror, f is negative A B
1 1 1 d
− =− + F2
f 2f v
1 1 1 1 −1
⇒ =− + ⇒ = F1
v f 2f v 2f A
∴ v = −2 f 20 cm
∴ Distance of image from pole is 2 f . 15 cm 5 cm
384 Science Class 10th

9. (d) The ray of light from the object O gets refracted at the interface between lens and air and therefore appears to start from the point
I in figure. So, I is the refracted image of the object O. The object distance u is PO and the image distanceV is PI .[P is the pole of the
spherical surface].
µ 2 µ 1 (µ 2 − µ 1 )
We have, − =
v u R
1 15 . (1 − 15
. )
so that − =
v ( −3 ) ( −5 )
rearranging the above equation, we obtain,
1 0.5 15 . −6
= − =
v 5 3 15
∴ v = −2.5 cm
10. (d) If h1 and h2 are the sizes of the image in the two conjugate positions, the size of the object is given by h = ( h1 h2 ) = (9 × 1) = 3
cm
v 9
Considering the formations of the image in the first case, we have = . So that v = 3u.
u 3
Also, v = 20 + u
(since, v and u interchange in the conjugate position)
Therefore, 3u = 20 + u from which u = 10 cm.
v = 20 + u = 30 cm
uv
Focal length, f = . Since v is positive and u is negative in the equation,
u +v
1 1 1
= −
f v u
10 × 30
Therefore, f = = 7.5 cm
(10 + 30 )