Working of diesel fuel supply system and battery

ignition system
goals:
 To know the working of fuel ssystem and its charateristics.
 To know the working of battery ignition system and its charateristics.

Kit used:
 Machine kept in lab
 Ignition system model kit

Backgroud:

Diesel feul system

 Fuel supply system is a seperate system used to deliver diesel at correct time in correct quantity, to a diesel
engine (or C.I engine), for smooth and efficient operation.
 Fuel supply system is the food pipe of a vehicle.

Components:

Fuel supply system in diesel engine is made of the following components:

 Diesel tank or reservoir

 Low pressure pump
 Filter
 Fuel injection pump
 Fuel injectors
 Diesel tank or reservoir:Whenever you supply fuel to a diesel engine vehicle, it is stored in the diesel tank.
Diesel tank temporarily stores diesel that is to be supplied to the engine.
 Low pressure pump:It pumps the diesel at a low pressure
to the fuel injection pump through a filter.
 Filter:Before diesel is supplied to an engine, it must be
filtered to remove any unwanted impurities. Filter is used
for this purpose.
 Fuel injection pump:This is the most important
component of the fuel injection system.Fuel injection
pump pressurizes the fuel to the required level and injects
it correctly at the end of the compression stroke, during
each cycle of operation of the engine.
 Fuel injectors:Injectors are devices used to inject the fuel
to the cylinder. In diesel engine, when fuel is injected, it is
automatically atomized.

Working:

 Diesel is pumped from the diesel tank by a low pressure

pump. It is passed through a filter. The filter removes any
unwanted impurities in the diesel.
 Filtered diesel is supplied to the inlet port of the fuel
injection pump. The fuel injection pump automatically
 pressurizes the diesel to the required level and supplies it to the fuel injector. The fuel injector forces the
fuel into the cylinder at the end of the compression stroke, during each cycle of operation of the engine.
 Fuel injection pump is operated by means of a cam shaft. CAV fuel injection is the most common fuel
injection pump used in diesel engines.
 Any leak-off diesel from the fuel injection pump is supplied back into the filter as shown in the diagram
above.

Battery ignition system

 Battery Ignition System is used in automobile to produce spark in the spark plug for the combustion of fuel in
the I.C. engine.
 Main source for the spark generation is the battery.

Main parts:The main parts of battery ignition system are:

 Battery
 Ignition switch
 Ballast resistor
 Ignition coil
 Contact breaker
 Capacitor
 Distributor
 Spark plug

Working :

 In the Battery ignition system as the ignition switch is ON, the current from the battery starts to flow through
the primary circuit through ballast register, primary winding and contact breaker.
 The current flowing through the primary winding induces magnetic field around it. The more will be the
current, the stronger will its magnetic field.
 As the contact breaker opens, the current through the primary winding collapse and this immediate collapse
in the current induces a voltage of about 300V in the
primary winding. This voltage induced in the winding
charges the capacitor to the much greater voltage than
the battery. As the capacitor charged, the current
through the primary winding stops and the current starts
to flow to the battery form the capacitor. This reverses
the direction of current and magnetic field in the primary
winding. Due to the collapsing and reversing of the
current and magnetic field, a very high voltage of about
15000 to 30000 V induced in the secondary winding.
 The high voltage current induced in the secondary
winding is transferred to the distributor through a high
tension cable.
 The distributor has a rotor that rotates inside the
distributor cap. The distributor cap has metallic segments
embedded into it. As the rotor rotates, it presses and
opens the contact breaker point. This allows the high
tension current to transfer to the spark plugs through the
metallic segments.
 As the high tension current reaches the spark Plug, it
produces spark in the engine cylinder for the combustion of the air-fuel mixture.

Shown:
Summay:
Therefore, working of fuel system and ignition system were discussed.