Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions

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Section – A

1. b; Carbon Di oxide is associated with greenhouse effect

2. b; Light Emitting Diode

3. d; Decreases friction as the streamlined shape allows it to cut the medium of water easily while
traversing

4. a; Frictional force is an example of contact force

5. c; Pituitary Gland is known as the master gland as its hormones control the parts of the
endocrine system.

6. d; Cell membrane is the outermost covering of the cell.

7. b; Gold is the least reactive metal.

8. d; Sulphur Dioxides is an atmospheric pollutant gas.

9. c; Chapati, dal and vegetables consists of a balanced diet ideal for growing adolescents.

10. b; Casting involves the cast product to harden by cooling.

11. c; Bacteria are responsible for the balance of nitrogen gas.

12. b; Smoke is hot and rises up.

13. d; Mitochondria is known as the power house of the cell.

14. b; Benzoic acid is a common food preservative.

15. b; Newton is the SI unit of force.

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Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions
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Section – B

16.
The nucleus is spherical and is located at the center of the cell. It has a membrane separating
it from the cytoplasm by a membrane called the nuclear membrane. It consists of smaller
spherical bodies in the nucleus called nucleolus. The nucleus contains thread like structures
called chromosomes that carry genes which are responsible for inheritance of characters from
parent to offspring.

17.
Electroplating tin onto iron help prevent the food ware from corrosion and rust. This is because
tin is less reactive and prevents the iron from reacting with oxygen by preventing it from
coming in contact with each other.

18.
a. A cricket ball hit by a batsman is a push because the direction of the force that is applied, is
away from our body
b. Plucking the nail off the wall is a pull because the direction of the force exerted, is towards
our body.

19.
Friction is because of irregularities of two surfaces in contact. In sliding friction, the time given
for the interlocking of the irregularities of the two surfaces is small, and that is why sliding
friction is less than static friction.

20. Sodium and potassium are two metals that can be cut using a knife!

21. Uses of microorganisms in agriculture: Microorganisms help in manure formation and in

increasing soil fertility.

Uses of microorganisms in medicine: Microorganisms are used to prepare antibiotics and

vaccines.

22. Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are responsible for acid rain. These gasses are released
from exhaust of vehicles and burning of fossil fuels. Acid Rain is a consequence of air
pollution.

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Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions
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23.
At puberty boy’s chest becomes broader and girl’s hips become wider. Also, boy’s voice
becomes deeper whereas girl’s voice become high pitched. Girls begin growing breasts and
boys start having facial hair.

24.

Plastics are replacing metals in the car industry because

(i) They are cheaper than metals.

(ii) They can be easily molded in various shapes.

25.
We should say no to drugs unless prescribed by a doctor because drugs can be addictive and
that can adversely affect the long term happiness and health of the consumer.

26.
Dry leaves should not be burnt as this leads to air pollution. We should instead try to dispose
them collecting them in a landfill where they can decompose and contribute towards the fertility
of the soil.

Section – C
27.
Balanced Forces: When the resultant of all the forces acting on a body is zero, the forces are
said to be balanced forces.

Unbalanced Forces: When the resultant of all the forces acting on a body is not zero, the
forces are unbalanced forces.

The materials which break easily when force is applied on them are considered brittle.
Examples of brittle materials are ceramic and glass. Objects made of plastic and wood are
non-brittle in nature.

28.
We can reduce the wastage of water every day by not letting the water run from the tap when
we brush and by using a bucket to clean instead of running water pipe. Also, we can reuse the
water that we use for washing for watering the plants. Additionally we can save water by
harvesting rain water.

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Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions
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29.
a. The testes and ovaries are responsible for the release of sex hormones which is controlled
by the pituitary gland.
b. The Pancreas of the endocrine system prevents diabetes
c. The testes are responsible for the secondary sexual characteristics in boys. The pituitary
gland controls the amount of testosterone secreted.

30.
When oil is applied between the two surfaces in contact, a thin layer of oil is formed between
the two surfaces. This layer separates the two surfaces a little bit due to which their
interlocking is reduced to a large extent when they rub against each other.

31.
Microorganisms are commercially used in the large scale production of alcohol, wine and
vinegar. Yeast is used for commercial production of alcohol and wine and is grown on natural
sugars.

32.

a. 2Al + 6HCl  2AlCl3 + 3H2

b. Zn + H2SO4  ZnSO4 + H2
c. Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu

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Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions
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33.
Pressure = 10000 Pa
Area = 2 cm2 = 0.0002 m2
Force = ?
Force = Pressure x Area
= 10000 x 0.0002
=2N
34.
The nerve cell is long and branching so that they receive and transfer messages to the
different parts of the body. The White blood cell can change is shape so that it can squeeze
between other cells to reach different parts of the body. The Red blood cells are spherical in
shape so that they can provide maximum surface area for oxygen and carbon dioxide to
diffuse in and out of the cell membrane

35.
This can be shown using a simple displacement activity. CuSO4 + Fe  FeSO4 + Cu
In this activity CuSO4 is a blue solution that slowly becomes colorless and the iron becomes
pink brown with the copper depositing separately.

36.
Plastics are non-biodegradable hence are difficult to dispose of. Burning plastics contribute to
Air pollution and is harmful for our respiratory system. Plastics are a major pollutant of water
bodies and cause pollution. They endanger aquatic life and hamper treatment of sewage.

37.
The level of pollution is higher at a busy traffic intersection because they are an intersection for
a large number of vehicles and these vehicles are responsible for air pollution due to the
release of pollutants by them such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.

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Class 8 Science - Set I Solutions
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Section - D

38.
CFCs stand for Chlorofluorocarbons. Example: Freon.
Chlorofluorocarbons were being used in refrigerators, air conditioners and aerosol sprays.
They are characterized as air pollutants because they damage the ozone layer that protects us
from the UV rays of the sun.

39.

Animal Cell Plant Cell

Cell wall is absent. Cell wall is present.
Chloroplast is absent. Chloroplast in present.
Vacuoles are very small. Vacuoles are very large.

40.
A synthetic fiber is actually a chain of very small units of chemical substances. Such a large
single unit is also called polymer which are also found in nature. Synthetic fibers are
advantageous because they can be very strong and as such can be used in making
parachutes. They are also sometimes very cheap and easy to manufacture as such they are
used to make beautiful commercial carpets. However they prone to heat damage and melt
quite easily hence can be quite dangerous. They are more non-biodegradable than natural
fibers.

41.
The five applications of pressure are –(1) nailing a wooden plank or any kind of piercing with a
pointed object, (2) cutting any surface with scissors or knife, (3) a coolie carrying a load on his
head after creating a surface with a cloth between his head and load (4) atmospheric pressure
and (5) bags have wide/broad straps instead of thin ones to carry their weight.

42.
a. Adrenalin
b. Thyroxin
c. Thyroxin
d. Testosterone

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