1.

0 INTRODUCTION

Information system is any specific information system aims to support operations,

management and decision-making. An information system is the information and
communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, and the way in which people
interact with this technology in support of organization processes. Organization
information systems represent a system of controls and processes which an organization
use to analyze information needed to effectively manage their business. Information
technology also describes any technology that powers or enables the storage, processing
and information flow within an organization. Anything involved with computers,
software, networks, intranets, web sites, servers, databases and telecommunications falls
under the information system.

The use of information systems facilitates better decision making in the organization.
Management is able to review all the present practices and norms and formulate new ones
for the future. Information systems are used across all realms and functions of the
business. Management is able to better control its people and processes and attain
organizational goals. Information systems aid in efficient and intelligent decision-making.
Using information systems, the managers are able to evaluate the trade-offs for each
method. The cost involved, time, competition and resources required are all contrasted
and the best method is finally chosen (Newhouse, 2015).

A management information system (MIS) provides the information that managers need
to get a feel for how their business is performing. These systems gather data about
different areas of a company, such as human resources, sales and marketing, inventory
control, profits, expenses, debts, documents flow, taxes, cash balances, accounts receive
and account payable.

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 The objective of this paper is to understand what information technology system is and
how it helps the organization. This paper also will describes a system used in an
organization where the system is named i-Wira. At the same time, this paper will be
explained a brief about the company and the system’s functions along with the advantages
and disadvantages of this system. This paper will also discuss the types of programming
used to build this system and will discuss the rating of this system and the reasons why
this system is rated as such. Also will be discussed what can be improved and the
conclusion of this i-Wira system.

2.0 COMPANY BACKGROUND

The Armed Forces Fund Board or its abbreviation LTAT is a statutory body of
government which was established through the parliamentary act, Act 101, 1973 to
provide retirement benefits and other benefits to other members of the ranks and a savings
scheme to Armed Forces Officers Malaysia and servicemen in voluntary forces
(LTAT.org.my, n.d.).

LTAT has its own building at Jalan Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur. Public or the military
can get information’s regard LTAT in its website www.ltat.org.my, or its Facebook;
LTAT and its Instagram myLTAT.

The LTAT is headed by the Chief Executive and assisted by several Head of Departments.
LTAT recognizes the importance of the Board of Investment and Management Panel in
its direction and operations. The Board of Directors of LTAT comprises experienced and
skilled members with diverse backgrounds such as financial, economic, public services
and accounting that is important in achieving LTAT's strategic successes. The Board is
fully responsible for the overall corporate governance of LTAT and the Group including
its strategic development direction and sets goals for management and monitoring the
achievement of those goals (LTAT, 2016).

The vision of LTAT is to be a successful fund management organization and is emulated

by Government and Corporate bodies. In LTAT there are several divisions such as admin,
corporate affairs, human resources, interagency departments and internal audits, process

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and information technology, records and accounts, treasury and operations, asset
management, investment development, strategic planning and quality implementation as
well as risk management (LTAT, 2016).

LTAT's contributors are the serving members of the other ranks in the Armed Forces who
are required to contribute 10% of their monthly salary to LTAT with the government as
employer contributing 15%. The total amount credited monthly is equivalent to 25% of
the monthly salary. Contributors will receive annual dividend and bonus which will be
credited to the members account by end of the year and contributors will also receive
special bonus in the form of free unit trust shares.

However, this special bonus is based on LTAT’s current financial performance.

Dividends and bonuses that are credited to the contributors' account will qualify for future
dividend and bonuses declared. Contributions to LTAT is tax deductible (up to RM6,
000.00 per year). Death & Disablement benefits will be paid to the dependents of a
contributor who passes away whilst in service. Withdrawal of contributions will be paid
in a lump sum. Partial withdrawal is allowed for purchase of the first residential house or
land for building a house (LTAT.org.my, n.d.).

LTAT is committed to being an authoritative organization and achieving a high level of

cash management contributions to meet customer expectations in terms of dividend and
return of contributions (LTAT.org.my, n.d.).

To facilitate the process of allowing records and data, contributors (military personnel)
can obtain information at the LTAT counters (example counters like this model is EPF-
KWSP). Contributors may also print their contribution reports at the kiosks located within
the building.

Due to the growing number of contributors, the LTAT’s Management has requested for
the Division of Information and Management to create a system that can be achieved with
the use of the internet, so that contributors can access information without coming to the
LTAT building. This is to facilitate the contributors who sit outside Kuala Lumpur to
reach their contribution’s information and at the same time increase customer satisfaction

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 and at the same time increasing services together with the image of the organization
(LTAT.org.my, n.d.).

Division of Information and Management (information technology department) is

the department in LTAT that is charged with establishing, monitoring and maintaining
information technology systems and its services. Duties of an information technology
specialist can include network management, software development and
database administration. The IT specialists also provide technical support to LTAT or
employees and train non-technical workers on the business's information systems. This
section is headed by a director, an assistant manager, 4 officers and 7 assistant officers.
Another example of what a person with an IT job in LTAT do is to manage the network
servers for a company. Network servers are the backbone of an organization's business
including LTAT. For all those office workers who use PC Computers, all their information
and data is stored on a much larger and more powerful computer called a server.

LTAT is always committed to enhancing its excellent service delivery system by

providing various benefits to its contributors. Contributors who wish to activate the
Online Review System must first register in the i-Wira Registration room.

3.0 FUNCTIONS OF COMPANY SYSTEM

BACKGROUND

Prior to the expending numbers of contributors (customer), the earning information

previously only be reached by telephone, walk in to the counters (building) or using the
E-kiosk. Due to the large number of contributors, about 200,000 people. From May 2,
2017, LTAT has introduced the Online Review System named i-Wira. The manual of this
system can be accessed from the LTAT website:
http://www.ltat.org.my/borg/panduaniWira.pdf (LTAT.org.my, n.d.).

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 Figure 1: Interface for user after login

i-Wira can be open at any operating system such as IOS, Windows or Linux. Just type
the link iwira.ltat.org.my at any page for internet browser (recommended Google Chrome
or Mozilla Firefox).

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and
software resources and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing
operating systems schedule tasks for efficient use of the system and may also include
accounting software for cost allocation of processor time, mass storage, printing, and other
resources. For hardware functions such as input and output and memory allocation, the
operating system acts as an intermediary between programs and the computer hardware,
although the application code is usually executed directly by the hardware and frequently
makes system calls to an OS function or is interrupted by it (Guru99, 2018).

i-Wira is a TPS system. A transaction processing system (TPS) is a software system, or

software/hardware combination that supports transaction processing. A transaction
process system (TPS) is an information processing system for business transactions
involving the collection, modification and retrieval of all transaction data. Characteristics
of a TPS include performance, reliability and consistency. TPS is also known as
transaction processing or real-time processing. Designed to process routine transactions
efficiently and accurately.

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A transaction process system and transaction processing are often contrasted with a batch
process system and batch processing, where many requests are all executed at one time.
The former requires the interaction of a user, whereas batch processing does not require
user involvement. In batch processing the results of each transaction are not immediately
available. Additionally, there is a delay while the many requests are being organized,
stored and eventually executed. In transaction processing there is no delay and the
results of each transaction are immediately available. During the delay time for batch
processing, errors can occur. Although errors can occur in transaction processing, they
are infrequent and tolerated, but do not warrant shutting down the entire system. To
achieve performance, reliability and consistency, data must be readily accessible in a data
warehouse, backup procedures must be in place and the recovery process must be in place
to deal with system failure, human failure, computer viruses, software applications or
natural disasters.

For database, i-Wira is using MySQL. A database is an organized collection of data.

Databases offer fast retrieval times for non-structured requests as in a typical transaction
processing application. Databases for transaction processing may be constructed using
hierarchical, network, or relational structures.

i) Hierarchical structure: organizes data in a series of levels. Its top-to-bottom-like

structure consists of nodes and branches; each child node has branches and is only
linked to one higher level parent node.
ii) Network structure: network structures also organizes data using nodes and
branches. But, unlike hierarchical, each child node can be linked to multiple,
higher parent nodes.
iii) Relational structure: a relational database organizes its data in a series of related
tables. This gives flexibility as relationships between the tables are built.

MySQL is the world’s most popular open source database. With its proven
performance, reliability, and ease-of-use, MySQL has become the leading database choice
for web-based applications, used by high profile web properties including Facebook,
Twitter, YouTube, and all five of the top five websites. Additionally, it is an extremely

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popular choice as embedded database, distributed by thousands of ISVs and OEMs
(Contacts, 2018).

The reason LTAT use MySQL because of its security. MySQL is globally renowned for
being the most secure and reliable database management system used in popular web
applications like WordPress, Drupal, Joomla, Facebook and Twitter. The data security
and support for transactional processing that accompany the recent version of MySQL,
can greatly benefit any business especially if it is an e-commerce business that involves
frequent money transfers.

The 2nd reason why LTAT choose MySQL because of its on-demand scalability.
MySQL offers unmatched scalability to facilitate the management of deeply embedded
apps using a smaller footprint even in massive warehouses that stack terabytes of data.
On-demand flexibility is the star feature of MySQL. This open source solution allows
complete customization to e-commerce businesses with unique database server
requirements.

The 3rd reason why LTAT choose MySQL as its data base because of its high
performance. MySQL features a distinct storage-engine framework that facilitates system
administrators to configure the MySQL database server for a flawless performance.
Whether it is an e-commerce website that receives a million queries every single day or a
high-speed transactional processing system, MySQL is designed to meet even the most
demanding applications while ensuring optimum speed, full-text indexes and unique
memory caches for enhanced performance.

Round-the-clock uptime is also one of the reason why LTAT choose MySQL as it come
with an assurance of 24 x 7 uptime and offers a wide range of high availability solutions
like specialized cluster servers and master/slave replication configurations.

MySQL also tops the list of robust transactional database engines available on the market.
With features like complete atomic, consistent, isolated, durable transaction support,
multi-version transaction support, and unrestricted row-level locking, it is the go-to
solution for full data integrity. It guarantees instant deadlock identification through server-
enforced referential integrity.

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The other reason why LTAT choose MySQL because it complete the workflow control.
With the average download and installation time being less than 30 minutes, MySQL
means usability from day one. Whether the platform is Linux, Microsoft, Macintosh or
UNIX, MySQL is a comprehensive solution with self-management features that automate
everything from space expansion and configuration to data design and database
administration.

MySQL also reduced total cost of ownership. By migrating current database apps to
MySQL, LTAT’s are enjoying significant cost savings on new projects. The dependability
and ease of management that accompany MySQL save LTAT’s troubleshooting time
which is otherwise wasted in fixing downtime issues and performance problems.

Last but not least why LTAT is using MySQL is because of the flexibility of open source.
All the fears and worries that arise in an open source solution can be brought to an end
with My SQL’s round-the-clock support and enterprise indemnification. The secure
processing and trusted software of MySQL combine to provide effective transactions for
large volume projects. It makes maintenance, debugging and upgrades fast and easy while
enhancing the end-user experience.

USER AND CAPABILITIES

There are three types of users can benefits from the i-Wira system, they are customer
(contributors), admin (IT desk) and the customer service officers. The services provided
for the contributors are the contributors can review the LTAT contribution statement of
the current year and the previous year. The contributor also can review the heir naming
information and checking Affin Hwang unit trust fund that they have. At the same time
the customer or the contributors can review the withdrawal history and state any
complaints, questions and suggestions in the i-Wira system.

Meanwhile for the administrator or the IT desk, they can review how many contributors
log in monthly and review how many new contributors register monthly too. At the same
time the IT desk can review database if they required to get data to fulfill requirements
from the management for example to generate useful reports, analysis and business
planning. If the customer or the contributor have problem to edit their password in the

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system, IT desk personal can assist the customer to edit their password or update their
details and change their email address if contributors wrongly key in the email address.
The administrator also can custom format for example by list, by chart, etc. which can be
tailored to the management’s need. Administrator also can enter on real-time data,
particularly useful where fast action is needed (e.g. mechanical fault).

The capabilities for the customer service officers, they can answer any questions or
feedbacks about the system and review customer’s contribution and can assess
system and check the user dividend amount when required for their statistic, reports or
to full fill customer request..

Figure 2: Interface for Administrators

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 Figure 3: Report by the Administrators

DESIGN DATA (INPUT TO OUTPUT)

To register in i-Wira, the input required are military number, an active email address and
a secure word for security purpose. The secure word consist of any words not less than 5
letters and not more than 20 characters without a 'special character'. Secure word is an
additional confirmation used by the i-Wira System of LTAT to verify that the login page
is the original i-Wira system page. Meanwhile the password is created by user choice.
The password length is at least 8 characters or more and must meet the following 4
character types: Capitalization [ABC], lowercase [abc], number [123] and symbol [@ #
$]. The user need to validate the password by re-enter the same password for verification.

Below process flow show how the customer / contributors steps into the i-Wira system.
The first step, user must register as a user by providing username and password that
they has registered. Next, the interface will appear 3 button to be choose. The buttons are
latest contribution statement, unit trust and withdrawal review. Then the user need to press
button “latest contribution statement”. The user is required to choose the current year or
previous year. Once the user select the year, the interface will display result (output) or
report of the accumulated contributions in LTAT included dividend. The user can either
choose to only read it or to print it for their record.

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 Register/ Press “latest
Display Result
contribution Select Year
or Print
Login statement”

Figure 4: Show the process flow of i-Wira

Figure 5: Output/ Report for the Contributors

FUNCTIONS, STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESS

The benefits of this system can be achieved by using the internet wherever the user is and
at any time without waiting for the LTAT counter open. This also saves the cost of
contributors who want to check accumulated of their contributions in LTAT. At the same
time work or daily task goes faster and saves time. Meanwhile, for LTAT, it helps to
increase customer satisfaction, and at the same time LTAT is able to collect information
from its contributors.

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 Three major functions of this system are to retrieve the yearly report and their
contributions. The strengths of this function is, it will appear monthly. The report have
details such as name and the id number. It can be printout and stated the dividend that the
contributor get by yearly. The weakness of this function are, it only can retrieve for the
last 2 years. For function number two is the contributors manage to check Affin Hwang
unit trust funds. The dividend they get on top of the LTAT’s dividend. The strengths are
the user can check the details online on how much unit that they accumulated for that
specific year. But the weakness, user can’t not check the details in Ringgit Malaysia. They
need to go to Affin website to get the details. The third function is the contributor can
check history of withdrawal of the contributions. The strengths are the user able to check
on the spot how many times they already withdrawal the money of contribution, to double
check the available balance and to highlight to administrator if there is any mistake. The
weakness of this function is the list of withdrawal only for the past 2 years.

4.0 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE USED

Source code is the set of instructions and statements written by a programmer using a
computer programming language. This code is later translated into machine language by
a compiler. The translated code is referred to as object code (Techopedia, 2018).

Language used for i-Wira system is PHP. PHP stands for Hypertext Preprocessor (no, the
acronym doesn't follow the name). It's an open source, server-side, scripting language
used for the development of web applications. By scripting language, one can mean a
program that is script-based (lines of code) written for the automation of tasks.

The most popular platform and one of the best choices for Web Development are PHP. It
is a widely used server side scripting language which helps to create a dynamic website.
If a company is short on budget then PHP is best as PHP offers a lot in low budget
(Php.net, 2001-2008).

PHP is widely used and most demandable scripting language on the web. PHP is a very
popular scripting language which is specially designed for skilled website development.
PHP has become one of the major players on the web development market in the last few

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years. PHP programming language is the most preferred programming language
that is suited for website development as PHP can be easily embedded into HTML code.

However, here are many languages which are used for web development or web
programming. But among all of them PHP is the most popular web scripting language.
So, this is why PHP is widely used for web development and the reason why LTAT choose
this language to develop i-Wira.

PHP language has its roots in C and C++. PHP syntax is most similar to C and C++
language syntax. So programmers, the IT specialist and LTAT’s vendor find it easy to
learn and manipulate.

MySQL is used with PHP as back-end tool. MySQL is the type of database for i-Wira
and can be interfaced very well with PHP. Therefore, PHP and MySQL are excellent
choice for LTAT’s IT specialist who is looking to automate the system. PHP can run on
both UNIX and Windows servers. PHP also has powerful output buffering that further
increases over the output flow. PHP internally rearranges the buffer so that headers come
before contents. PHP is dynamic. PHP works in combination of HTML to display
dynamic elements on the page. PHP only parses code within its delimiters, such as.
Anything outside its delimiters is sent directly to the output and not parsed by PHP.

PHP can be used with a large number of relational database management systems, runs
on all of the most popular web servers and is available for many different operating
systems. Version of PHP5 is a fully object oriented language and its platform
independence and speed on Linux server helps to build large and complex web
applications. So, in general PHP is cheap, secure, fast and reliable for developing web and
applications.

PHP Programming the languages mostly commonly used for Website and Web
Application Development. PHP is a general purpose, server-side scripting language run a
web server that's designed to make dynamic pages and applications. Using PHP as
i-Wira language has many benefits. The benefits are one of it is PHP is Open Source.
Open Source means LTAT will never need to rely on the manufacturer to release the next
version if something doesn’t work or pay for expensive upgrades. PHP is also extendible

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 and supported large amount of databases. PHP is also an independent platform. It will run
on most of the platforms and compatible with servers like IIS and APACHE. PHP has
low development and maintenance cost with very high performance and reliability.

Figure 6: The source code of i-Wira

5.0 SYSTEM RATING

No Criteria Rating
1 Performance 7
2 Mobile Readiness 3
3 Search Engine Optimization 9
4 Security 7

Figure 7 : The Rating of I-Wira

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Figure 7 shows the rating of i-Wira system based on the performance, mobile readiness,
search engine optimization and security. For item no 1 performance of the system focuses
on quantitative design criteria for embedded applications and their resource utilization in
trade-off with cost. Performance criteria are either expressed as constraints or as
optimization objectives. Design for system performance focuses on satisfying the extra-
functional requirements and is determined by a complex coordination and balancing of
inter-related events in subsystems and components. Achieving the desired system
performance involves trade-offs between all disciplines involved in the design
(Castsoftware, 2018).

The performance of the system I rate is as 7 over 10 because of its minimal response
times, high throughput, low resource utilization, high availability, high bandwidth, short
data transmission time and its efficiency and scalability.

For item no 2, making the move to mobility is a smart strategy for organizations looking
to stay competitive in the modern marketplace. Mobile applications, whether they are
designed for internal or external use, can provide significant benefits for organization
(GlowTouch, n.d.).

I rated the mobile readiness as 3 over 10 as currently the app or the system can’t be reach
in the form of mobile apps. But still can be open in using hand phone (mobile), and it will
appeared in form of website interface.

For item no 3, search engine optimization (SEO) is the practice of increasing the quantity
and quality of traffic to the website or the system through organic search engine results
(MOZ, 2018).

The reason for SEO (search engine optimization) I rated 9 over 10 because it is very
convenience for public to search for i-Wira. For example using the search engine Google,
i-Wira appears to be on top as show in figure 8. This is because the words, titles, link
within website, words use in link, reputation of the site matters for the SEO are good.

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 Figure 8: i-Wira by search engine Google

For item no 4, security of the system more commonly referred to as INFOSEC, refers to
the processes and methodologies involved with keeping information confidential,
available, and assuring its integrity. It also refers to: Access controls, which prevent
unauthorized personnel from entering or accessing a system. Protecting information no
matter where that information is, i.e. in transit (such as in an email) or in a storage and the
detection and remediation of security breaches, as well as documenting those events
(Techopedia, Techopedia.com, 2018).

The reason I rated the i-Wira security’s as 7 because of the when customer need to register
in i-Wira the input required are military number, an active email address and a secure
word for security purpose. The secure word consist of any words not less than 5 letters
and not more than 20 characters without a 'special character'. Secure word is an additional
confirmation used by the i-Wira system of LTAT to verify that the login page is the
original i-Wira system page. Meanwhile the password is created by user choice. The
password length need to be at least 8 characters or more and must meet the following 4
character types. This is to strengthen the security of the i-Wira system.

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6.0 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

For future enhancement of the i-Wira system are to improve of these capabilities and
functions that highlighted. One of those functions are to create a mobile apps for i-Wira,
as currently whether most of the contributors are using mobile phones, tablets or other
smart mobile devices, which most of the information can get through the phones.
That's why mobile apps are so much important in today's business environment. No
matter how small or how big the organization is or the numbers of contributors are,
a mobile app can help get and retain customers’ satisfaction. Other functions need to be
enhance are at least retain a contribution data for 10 years back and to increase the security
performance by request a tac number for every changes required in the customer details.
While for the capabilities of the administrator, I would like to suggest if the report for the
administrator can be generate automatically not manually.

Next, is to increase the achievements of email after register to activate the account, as the
contributors are sometimes difficult to receive the email to activate the account. That’s
mean more research need to be establish to make sure the generate email on activate
account is convenient to the customer (contributors). Meanwhile the activation duration
need to be longer as the timing currently are too short for them to activate. As if the
customer pass the duration, the customer need to call LTAT to help them to activate the
account. This is not convenience to the customer and to the admin if the incoming calls are
high and the customer service officers will receive high feedbacks and complains. Others
functions for future enhancement are too extended the active period and to find an easier
way to register in i-Wira. By enhancing all these functions and capabilities, the user will
have more great experience using the i-Wira application.

7.0 CONCLUSION

Any business, big or small, must have a system in place to collect, process, store and share
data. In the past, these tasks required a lot of time and paperwork. Today, organization use
modern technology to streamline and automate these operations. Information systems are

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now playing a crucial role in data processing and decision making. When used
correctly, they can positively impact an organization's overall performance and revenue.

At the most basic level, an information system (IS) is a set of components that work
together to manage data processing and storage. Its role is to support the key aspects of
running an organization, such as communication, record-keeping, decision making, data
analysis and more. The I-Wira system helps LTAT to in many ways. For example by
create an information storage. Every organization needs records of its activities to find the
cause of problems and proper solutions. I-Wira come in handy when it comes to storing
the contributors’ details and transaction histories. Manual data storage will cost LTAT lots
of time, especially when it comes to searching for specific data. I-Wira stores data in a
comprehensive and sophisticated database which makes the process of finding it more
convenient. With such information, LTAT can analyze how certain actions affected the
operation as well as prepare cost estimates and forecasts.

Next, I-Wira helps easier decision making. Without an information system like I-Wira,
LTAT can take a lot of time and energy in the decision making process. However, with the
usage of I-Wira, it’s easier to deliver all the necessary information and model the results
and this can help the managers make better decisions. The management team can use i-
Wira to choose the best course of action and carry out the tasks. When there are several
appealing alternatives, the information system can be used to run different scenarios by
calculating of any figure related to the dividend. This way, the management can determine
the alternative with the most beneficial results and to explore different scenarios for various
alternatives and economic environments. Management is also able to explore various
alternatives to see the possible results before making decisions and commitments and this
help to improves the quality of decisions and a better availability of information reduces
uncertainty and lets managers make more rational decisions based on reliable data.

I-Wira also help LTAT to motivate people. Employers and employees of LTAT’s can
communicate rapidly and more effectively with an information system. While emails are
quick and effective, the use of information systems is more efficient since documents are
stored in folders that can be shared and accessed by employees. Employees with

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operational roles such as customer service officers need information to help them carry out
their duties. This implies that information flows from the management to lower-level
employees and vice versa. Also, the lower-level employees get enlightened and involved
in important decision making, and this eliminates the need for middle managers.
Employees who are directly involved in the decision-making process are motivated and
dedicated to their tasks. Employees are more productive because they don't have to spend
time gathering the data that management wants. When managers, department heads and
employees are sharing the same information, there is better communication between them
to identify problem areas and find mutually agreeable solutions.

I-Wira also helps LTAT the communication manager gets the email data base information
to promote regards any new announcements or any new services that has to be announced
to all military personal. It’s also help them monitor and control the behavior or their
contributors. With more data about the needs of customers, management is better able to
improve customer service and design more effective marketing and promotional
campaigns. Strengthens a company's competitive advantage by running a more efficient
business in reducing and eliminating weaknesses and non-performing areas increases a
company's competitive advantage over its rivals. I-Wira helps to achieve a higher level of
efficiency and managers have the information needed to identify a company's strengths
and weaknesses.

Conclusion, by not having an effective information system, functional MIS leaves

LTAT’s managers guessing in the dark. Employees are busy going through their workdays
without direction or purpose.

A management information system is essential for any management which is serious about
improving the performance of the organization. Without a good MIS, managers are
managing by trial-and-error rather than making intelligent decisions based on a thoughtful
analysis of data (Woodruff, 2018).

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8.0 References

1) Castsoftware. (2018). Retrieved from

https://www.castsoftware.com/glossary/system-performance
2) Contacts, G. (2018). Oracle. Retrieved from https://www.oracle.com/mysql/
3) Eliteinfoworld. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.eliteinfoworld.com/blog/top-10-
benefits-using-php-web-development
4) GlowTouch. (n.d.). Glowtouch.com. Retrieved from 2015:
https://www.glowtouch.com/mobile-app-development-readiness-checklist/
5) Guru99. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.guru99.com/mis-types-information-
system.html
6) LTAT, P. (2016). Buku Laporan Tahunan. Kuala Lumpur: Laporan Tahunan LTAT
2016.
7) LTAT.org.my. (n.d.). Lembaga Tabung Angkatan Tentera. Retrieved from
http://www.ltat.org.my/my/
8) MOZ, I. (2018). Moz.com. Retrieved from https://moz.com/learn/seo/what-is-seo
9) Newhouse, B. (2015). Retrieved from https://alegriacpas.com/bryan-newhouse/the-
importance-of-business-information-systems/
10) Php.net. (2001-2008). Retrieved from http://www.php.net/manual/en/intro.pdo.php
11) Techopedia. (2018, December). Retrieved from Techopedia:
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/547/source-code
12) Techopedia. (2018). Techopedia.com. Retrieved from
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/24840/information-systems-security-infosec
13) Wikipedia. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved from
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lembaga_Tabung_Angkatan_Tentera
14) Woodruff, J. (2018). Fundamentals of Information System. Retrieved from
http://home.ku.edu.tr/~mehmetgonen/indr481_fall2015/indr481_fall2015_chapter1.pdf

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