Ko-so-a

ko-so-a

ko- a- So-

so- ko- a-

deixis anaphora demonstrative

ko-so-a

deixis anaphora
demonstrative Deixis exophora
 deictic center ko- so-
Anaphora endophora a-
Territory Model territory
antecedent anaphor antecedent
anaphor
Okaasan, itai yo.

Near her, Joan found

a snake cataphora Doko ga?
Demonstratives

pronominal I *Koko/Soko/*Asoko da yo.

bought this adnominal I bought this laptop

so-
ko- so- a-

ko- kore kono

so- sore
, sono
a- are , ano ko-so-a triplet double binary ko- so-
ko- so- a-

ko so a ko- so-
Distance Model
Kono kado o magatte kudasai. a-

Sono kado o magatte kudasai.

ko- a-
ko- so- ko- a-
so- a- ko-
Ano kado o magatte kudasai. so- ko- a-
 Kinoo Yamada-san ni aimashita. Ano (#Sono) hito itsumo
a- ko- so-
ko- so- a- genki desu ne.

a- + ko- are-kore areka-koreka achira-kochira

atchi-kotchi
so- + ko- soko-koko sonna-konna de to iu hito
sore to kore to wa hanashi ga chigau sono
soo-koo suru uchi ni ano to iu
a- + so- to iu hito
ano
a- so-
sono
a- so-
Soko desu ka, asoko desu ka

so- a-

ko-
so- a- omae
ko-
so- a-

so-
indirect
Omae wa nanto bakana koto o shitan da.
direct

a-
Jibun wa hatashite sonzai shite iru no daroo ka.

Kinoo Yamada to iu hito ni aimashita.

Sono (#Ano) hito, michi ni mayotte

a-
komatte ita node, tasukete agemashita.
so-
Kyoo Yamada-san ni atta kedo, ano hito
 to atta no wa ittai nannen-buri

no koto daroo. a-
so-
X no koto da kara

Yamada-san wa Tanaka-sensei toka iu hito no a-

so-
koto bakari hanashite ita keredo, sono hito wa
Yamada-san o matte iru no desu. Ano/Sono hito

sonnani erai hito nano daroo ka.

wa kitto okurete kuru deshoo.

Yamada-san o matte iru no desu. Ano/#Sono hito

no koto da kara, kitto okurete kuru deshoo.
ko-
a- so-
so-

Sore wa donna iro o shite iru no daroo ka. Boku wa oosaka de Yamada Taroo to iu sensei ni

osowattan da kedo, kimi mo ano sensei ni

Ittai kore wa itsu made tsuzuku no daroo. tsuku to ii yo.

so- a-
to iu sensei
experiential knowledge
conceptual knowledge sono ano
 Ko-so-a
Demo kore, tatemono no naka ni hairu to,
ko-so-a
kaze ga nai kara, nanka sugu atsuku

kanjiru na, kore.

ko- sono uchi

so- a- ko- kono uchi ano uchi Sore de
so-a
soo da a, soo da

Are
ko-so-a- are
kore kore
Sono uchi hagaki ka nan ka kakoo kana.
ko-
so- a-

Ma, mainichi mizu kaeta kara nee. Sore de, Ko

ma, san-shuukan gurai motta kanaa. ko-

ko

A, kono isu choo-raku soo.

A, soo da. Kishi-san ni mo, Kishi-san ni mo

nanika kakoo kanaa.

A, konna no mo arun da.

Anmari koko ni kite sabishii-tte omotta

Maa, konpyuutaa wakaran de, are ya kedo.

so-

so-
 koto nai kedo, koo yatte heya ni hitori de
kore y
hitorigoto wa ya da naa.
ko- sore

sore
ko-
are
ko
Maa, aarudeko no ii no ga attara, hoshii
a-
kedo, maa, kore wa kinagani yaroo.

kore
sore
Getsuyoobi madeni shinakucha ikenai no ga, kore
sore
eeto, a, soo da. E o kaite morau koto Are

to, ato wa nanka atta kana. Aa, soo soo

ko- I think you’ll be interested in
soo, kondo no kuizu no mondai o tsukuru this. Yesterday, our supervisor was seen …

koto. Kore o yattokanakya ikenai kana.

ko-
ko-

ko-
So
ko-so-a
so-

so-
so- ko
this emotional
deixis so a-
a-
this that
 a ano resutoran, nandak-ke kana. Deteru kanaa.

Are wa, a, jekku janai, jakku janai. Sonna

Ano kakejiku wa dare ga kaita no kanaa.
namae datta yoona ki ga suru kedo.

Asuko ni Momo-chan to Akane.

Aa, hoka no hito ni kurabetara, sugoi
Momo-chan and Akane
yoochi na hitorigoto nanyaro na, kore. nanka

ko- hazukasii na. … Konnan de iin kana. Demo

a- so-
so- kansaiben ya kara, kakidashi nikui yaro
ko-so-a
ko- a- na. … Teepu kiite zenbu kakidasu nante mendokusai
so-
so- na. Soo iu kikai mada nain kana.
a-
so-
a-
so-

so
Sankanbi ja nakute, bunkasai ja nakute, aa,
Kore wa? Kore wa kirei kamo shirenai. Ee, 1,287
namae wasureta. Eeto, oyako, oyako nantoka.
doru? Sore wa chotto.
Ee, nande sonna kotoba wasurerun yaro.

6-nenkan mainen atta noni.

so
Soo da, pasokon ga kowarechatta

kara, sono shuuri mo, moshi dekitara, shitai shi.

Restoran toka ieba, itsuka itta

Nihon dato semai shi naa. Kichi-kichi shiteru shi. sono

Minna yakeni oshare dakara na, hen ni, sore

so-
muda ni. Un, demo, sore ga ii koto kana.

Kinoo no ima goro nani yattottaro, 1-ji

A
ttettara. A, so da, omoshirokunai sono risaachi
a- so-
ko a-
peepaa kaku kurasu yattetan ka.

a
… ippai e o kaita kara, ano e
Okaasan rekusasu ki ni itteru yoo datta kedo, demo
o doo shiyoo kanaa. … Natsuyasumi ni chotto e
are wa okkii kuruma da shi nee.
no seiri o shita hoo ga ii

kamo shirenai. … demo tsukaenai e wa doo shitara

ii no kanaa. Demo suteru no wa mottainai Aa, demo ippai e o kaita kara, ano

kara, un, sore wa dokka ni sutoa suru ka. e o doo shiyoo kana.

Nee, ima wa Reeku Taho de nani shiten daro.

so- sono Tenki ii to ii ne, atchi.

sore

a-
 a kore are
Aa, onaka suitaa. … Onaka ga guu-tto natta. zenmai

Aaa, kyoo mo hare. ashita mo hare, ashita

kore are
mo hare hen kana. Ashita haretara, ano sandaru hako. kore are Are, kore
da Are kore
a-
ko-
ko-
Itsu datta kana, saigo ni sazae tabeta ko- a-

no wa. Moo sootoo mukashi no hanashi ko- a-

ko- a-
da ne. Ne, Aoshima no umi ni itte,

uchi no okaasan to otooto to sazae tabete,

suika-wari shite. Are, nantetta kana, are.

Are, nooryoo basu da, nooryoo basu.

Kore, are da. Zenmai da.

a- active semiactive inactive

a- place
in
from
t1 t2 t2
t1 given
t2 t1 accessible
t1 new t2
 t2 kore are
kore
are
Ashita nani shinakucha ikenain dakke. A, soo da,

gijiroku da. Kore/Are mo jikan kakaru naa.

Jennifer
your back
kore
the kid
are
a- zenmai
so- kore
are
ko
Are, kore da

Ano/#Kono hito dare nan daroo, kinoo

kore are
Okada-san ga hanashiteta hito.

a
a a

a
a-
a- ko
a- a
ano a
a

ano
ko a-
ko a-
 a-

a-

Kinoo Yamada to iu hito ni aimashita.

Sono (#Ano) hito, michi ni mayotte komatte-ita

node, tasukete agemashita.

Kinoo Yamada-san ni aimashita. Ano (#Sono) hito itsumo

itsumo genki desu ne. ko-so-a

ano toshi no, we cannot

a- so-

ano

asocial ano her it

it

a-

a- deictically

a-
 Nee, ima wa Reeku Taho de nani shiten daro.

Tenki ii to ii ne, atchi.

Aa, onaka suitaa. … Onaka ga guu-tto natta.

Aaa, kyoo mo hare. ashita mo hare, ashita

mo hare hen kana. Ashita haretara, ano sandaru hako.

Le ministre de l’Education Nationale est en vacances. Elle sejournera deux
semaines au bord de la mer.

Le ministre de l’Education Nationale

Itsu datta kana, saigo ni sazae tabeta

no wa. Moo sootoo mukashi no hanashi

deixis anaphora da ne. Ne, Aoshima no umi ni itte,

uchi no okaasan to otooto to sazae tabete,

suika-wari shite. Are, nantetta kana, are.

Are, nooryoo basu da, nooryoo basu.

Okaasan rekusasu ki ni itteru yoo datta kedo, demo

are wa okkii kuruma da shi nee.

Kore, are da. Zenmai da.

Aa, demo ippai e o kaita kara, ano

e o doo shiyoo kana. The sandals

 a-
a-
kare
kanojo karera
kanojora
Watashi ga umareta machi de wa, dono kooen ni

mo sakura no ki ga ari, *kono/sono/*ano

iriguchi wa, torii no katachi o shiteita. Haruma wage

kare

kare
kano onna
so- kanojo

ko- a-

a- ko-
so- ko- a- so- kare
do- so-
do- + so- dare-sore doko-soko
do- ko-
do- a-

so- The New York Times

do- ko- doitsu mo koitsu mo doo- Baraku Fusein Obama-shi wa 2009-nen 1-gatsu
koo iu tsumori wa arimasen doonika-koonika
hatsuka ni okonawareta shuuninshiki de sensei shi

dai-44-dai beikoku daitooryoo ni seishikini

shuuninshita. Kare wa beikoku-shijoo hatsu no

I am traditionally allowed to order whatever I like for my last
meal I The Founders invested me with sole afurika-kei amerika-jin daitooryoo to naru.
responsibility for appointing Supreme Court justices me
Every wom-
ani Ij date wants usi,j to get married
 Yamada Taroo ni atta.

Yamada Taroo- tte dare?

Yamada Taroo wa dare?

Kare wa dare?

ano hito

Wo zuotian pengdao le Li Ming

Li Ming shi shei?

#Ta shi shei?

Yamada Toroo ni atta.

Yamada Toroo to iu hito ni atta.

sore, dare?
 yudayajin no hazu dashi. Kare mo yudayajin da.

Uun yappari anime-tte ninki ga aru no

kanaa. Demo doragon booru-tte shiranai kara naa kare yappari

Who’s Who in Linguistics

Hee sheranebada-tte no wa chika nanda.

Kare

-tte anime
wa

-tte tte wa Murakami Haruki wa toransureetaa futari mottenda.

Sugoi ne. Kare wa nooberushoo torenno

L.L. Biin -tte kagu mo utterun da.
kana. ... Ima yonderu Nejimaki Kuronikuru yonderu

kare kanojo karera kedo, uun, omoshiroi ne. Kare wa ima yonderu
kanojora kare
kagiri ja, yappari, chotto, sayokuteki nano kana.
kanojo
kanojo
Uun, yappa, uyoku dewa nai yone, kare no
kanojo
she
kangaekata wa.
Saikin kanojo tomo iken ga awanai shi, muzukashii yona.

The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle

kare
Konna hon toka detenno ka. … A,

yappa, yudayajin ooi, kanari. Soshuuru datte

-tte
Saussure
 a-
a-
ko-so-a

So-
a- ko-
so-

a-
and
so-
a-

ko-so-a
ko-so-a so-
so-

ko so a
Ko- a-

deictically
ko- a-

a-

ko