 TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY

DEFINITION FUNCTION PREPARATION NURSING RATIONALE

RESPONSIBILITES
-examines cardiac -provides especially -Inform the patient that
PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY
structure and detailed views of echocardiography is used
to evaluate the size, 1. Remove the -When the procedure is
function with an posterior cardiac
ultrasound structures such as the shape, and motion of conductive gel completed, remove the
transducer placed left atrium, mitral various cardiac structures.
Tell who will perform the from the gel from the patient’s
immediately behind valve, and aortic arch.
test, where it will take patient’s skin. chest wall.
the heart in the
place, and that it’s safe,
esophagus or
painless, and is
stomach.
noninvasive. 2. Inform the patient -An official report will
-No special preparation is
that the study will be be sent to the
needed. Advise the patient
that he doesn’t need to interpreted by the requesting physician,
restrict food and fluids for
physician. who will discuss the
the test.
-Ensure to empty findings with the
the bladder. Instruct 3.Instruct patient to
patient.
patient to void prior and to
change into a gown. resume regular diet
-Encourage the patient to and activities. -There is no special
cooperate. Advise the
patient to remain still type of care given
during the test because following the test.
movement may distort
results. He may also be
asked to breathe in or out
or to briefly hold his breath
during the exam.
-Explain the need to
darkened the examination
field. The room may be
darkened slightly to aid
visualization on the
monitor screen, and that
other procedure (ECG and
phonocardiography) may
be performed
simultaneously to time
events in the cardiac
cycles.
-Explain that a
vasodilator (amyl nitrate)
  MYOCARDIAL
DEFINITION FUNCTION PREPARATION NURSING RATIONALE
SCINTIGRAPHY
RESPONSIBILITES
-is a plot of high- FUNCTION
DEFINITION -detects and records 1. -Explain
PREPARATION -Helps for further
-Vital signs are monitored RATIONALE
the NURSING
fidelity recording of heart sounds, the sounds procedure. until BP returns to baseline assessment.
RESPONSIBILITES
the
-is a sounds and
non-invasive -made by the various
Cardiovascular 2. Explaine
Inform that client
the patient that and the pulse rate slows to
murmurs
nuclear made by
medicine cardiac
abnormalities structures
can be these scanned
tests by
are less than 100 beats/min.
the hearttest
imaging withwhich
the pulsing and
viewed, recorded, moving
and machine
noninvasive. Because will need
help
uses of the machine blood. The sound is the toamount
stay still for of a
a small amount of evaluated using
caused by the long time.
radioisotope is small,
a radioactive tracer to radioactive tracer
investigate the blood acceleration
substances. and
These 3. Patient exposure
radiation glucose
supply to the heart. deceleration of blood
studies are useful for and risks are minimal. If be
should a
turbulence developed between 60-
dilating agent is to be 140
detecting myocardial
used, mg/dl
during rapid blood for accurate
infarction (MI) flow.
and advise the
glucose metabolic
decreased myocardial patient to avoid
activity
blood flow and for cigarettes and
4. NPO and to avoid
caffeinated food or
evaluating left
tobacco and caffeine 24
ventricular ejection. drinks for 4 hours
hrs. before the procedure.
-Conducting before administration
myocardial nuclear of the vasodilator.
imaging tests, in
conjunction with
exercise or the
administration of
vasodilating agents,
allows clearer
identification of how
the heart responds to
stress.