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All valve bodies are flange ended. The standard flange drillings
are according to the DIN, ANSI, BS/AS standards. Any special
requirements can be accomplished upon request.
The face to face dimensions of the open body Larox valves are 2 ½ times the valve nominal
bore.
The valve sleeve is covered by the body housing, protected from the environment and
sunlight.
• Body construction prevents a straight leakage of flowing media to the environment, Note
that some leakage may occur through the polyethene bushings in case of sleeve failure
• The valve body can be equipped with a gauge indicating the pressure changes in valve body
All valve bodies are flange ended. The standard flange drillings are according to the DIN,
ANSI, BS/AS standards. Any special requirements can be accomplished upon request.
The face to face dimensions of enclosed body Larox valves are 165 mm to DN65 size and 2 ½
times the valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65.
All valve bodies are flange ended. The standard flange drillings are according to the DIN,
ANSI, BS/AS standards. Any special requirements can be accomplished upon request.
The face to face dimensions of enclosed body Larox valves are 165 mm to DN65 size and 2 ½
times the valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65.
ALSI: DN25-150: aluminium alloy (DIN1725 ALSI 12). Epoxy painted K18-E180/2-FeSa 2½
The face to face dimensions of sealed body Larox valves are 165 mm to DN65 size and 2 ½
times the valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65.
ALSI: DN25-150: aluminium alloy (DIN1725 ALSI 12). epoxy painted K18-E180/2-FeSa 2½
The actuator is a moving part, it must have space to move ½ of the stroke = ½ of DN
of the valve, for example PVE50A6 actuator moves 25 mm.
In PVS models the actuator doesn’t move with respect to the valve body.
2. VALVE SLEEVES
The standard Larox sleeve is supplied with opening tags. The opening tags are particularly
suited to applications with low pressures, high temperatures < 60°C and vacuum conditions
or situations where the valve has been closed for longer periods.
Available for the following body types: PVE, PVE/S and PVS
Standard material range: NR, SBR/T, NBR, NBR/F, NR/F CSM, IIR,
CR, EPDM, FPM, HNBR and PU.
Available for all standard valve bodies: PV, PVE, PVE/S and PVS
Standard material range: NR, SBR/T, NBR, NBR/F, NR/F, CSM,
IIR, EPDM, CR, FPM and HNBR.
Available for all standard valve bodies: PV, PVE, PVE/S and PVS
Standard material range: NR, SBR/T, NBR, CSM, IIR, EPDM, CR, FPM
and HNBR
• Reduced port is normally one size smaller than the pipeline size
• Max. two sizes smaller
• Standard flange types available
• Opening tags in high temperatures, low pressures and vacuum
conditions
Available for all standard valve bodies: PV, PVE, PVE/S and PVS
The sleeve is specially designed and recommended to be used in applications where under pressure
(vacuum) exists. Examples of the most common applications are
LAROX SENSOMATE
Deterioration of the inner wear layer of the sleeve allows the fluid
to contact the wire mesh, which creates a change in conductivity
between the pipeline and the wire mesh. This change in
conductivity will be detected through the MK 9151 control relay
and is indicated locally or communicated to the PLC.
The valve can also be equipped with a liquid detection plug, which
is installed in the bottom of the valve. The liquid detection plug is
a simple liquid level sensor, which can also be connected to the
MK 9151 control relay to indicate accidental total failure of the
sleeve.
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Principal uses
Polyurethane elastomers are widely used to protect different components against wear and
corrosion, for example in equipment used to convey ore, coal, coke, sand and stone, like
- silos, chutes, hoppers
- ball mills, sand-blast chambers
- pipe linings
- Also other components, like gaskets, elastic suspension and spring elements etc.
Production method
- Larox valve sleeves are manufactured by casting in room-temperature from two reactive
components in a mould.
Range:
- sizes DN 25….150 mm
- pressures < 6 bar
- temperatures max. 80°C constant
- max 100° C for short periods
- flange type 1 available
- no opening tags
- color red
Mechanical properties:
-excellent wear resistance, up to 4 times better than rubbers, particularly in contact
with aqueous slurries of abrasive materials
-not as elastic as rubbers, thus lower cycles needed to cause sleeve rupture
Application
The best application is a low cycle valve operation combined with an abrasive
medium, e.g. many control valve applications.
Property NR IIR PU
Tensile strength (PSI)
Pure gum Over 3000 Over 1500 1000 - 10000
Black loaded stock Over 3000 Over 2000
Hardness range (Durometer 30 - 90 40 - 75 33 -95 + (75 shore
A) D)
Specific gravity (Base 0.93 0.92 1.10
Material)
Elasticity Excellent Good Poor
Vulcanizing properties Excellent Good Excellent
Adhesion to metals Excellent Good Excellent
Adhesion to fabrics Excellent Good Excellent
Tear resistance Good Good Outstanding
Abrasion resistance Excellent Good Outstanding
Compression set Good Fair Good
Electric strength Excellent Excellent Excellent
Electrical insulation Good to excellent Good to excellent Fair to good
Permeability to gases Fair Very low Fair to good
Acid resistance
Dilute Fair to good Excellent Fair to good
Concentrated Fair to good Excellent Poor
SOLVENT RESISTANCE
Aliphatic hydrocarbons Poor Poor Excellent
Aromatic hydrocarbons Poor Poor Fair to good
Oxygenated (ketones, etc.) Good Good Poor
Lacquer solvents Poor Poor Poor
Swelling in lubricating oil Poor Poor Excellent
Oil and gasoline Poor Poor Excellent
Animal and vegetable oils Poor to good Excellent
Water absorption Very good Very good Good at room
temperature
RESISTANCE TO
Ozone Fair Excellent Outstanding
Sunligth aging Poor Very good Good
Heat aging Good Excellent Good
Flame Poor Poor Fair
Heat Good Excellent Good
Cold Excellent Good Excellent
Oxidation Good Excellent Excellent
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\\Ntas\produ\FLOWSYS\SALEMAT\Customer Manual\SLEXAMPLES.doc
3. Operator's Manuals
3.1.Operation Manual for PV and PVE Models
LAROX VALVES
OPERATION MANUAL
CONTENTS:
1. TYPE MARKINGS
2. GENERAL
2.1. Construction
2.2. Function
2.3. Safety instructions
PVE 300 M 10 - 2 0 3 L
NR 10 300 / 750 / 3 L 2
In spare sleeve orders, please use 4- or 5- figure code marked on the sleeve.
2. GENERAL
2.1. CONSTRUCTION
The valve sleeve is the only part of the valve which is in contact with
the medium flowing in the pipeline.
In the open body model the body and the actuator are connected to only one of the
end flanges. The construction allows a slight deviation in the pipe angle and the valve
can act as a shock absorber.
Fig. 1
Note that in case of a sleeve breakage, the flowing liquid will leak into the environment. It is therefore advisable
to use enclosed body valve,
if this occurrence is undesirable.
The body of the enclosed model hinders a straight spray of flowing media to the
environment. The lower part of the body has a plugged opening, which can be
opened to investigate for sleeve breakage.
2.2. OPERATION
The pinch valve closes so that two pinch bars moved by the actuator,
squeeze the valve sleeve, closing on the centerline.
The closing mechanism causes the actuator to rise one half
of the diameter length.
In the open model the space between the pinch bars, the
space between the upper pinch bar and fixing plate of the
actuator and the space below the lower pinch bar.
Check the condition of the valve package on arrival. If it shows signs of transport damages, check the operation
of the valve carefully. Normally, a visual inspection of the valve is sufficient. However, if valves have been
damaged during transportation, contact your nearest Larox sales office immediately.
Store the valve and spare sleeves carefully. Direct sunlight (UV radiation) deteriorates
the sleeve.
A recommendable long term storing place is dry, with free air circulation, temperature
+5...30 C.
When lifting the valve, fasten the ropes to the valve body or around it. Note the centre of gravity and support
the valve to avoid it turning around. In some models the centre of gravity is located towards the actuator.
Make sure that no foreign items get between the pinch bars
and the sleeve.
If possible, protect the sleeve from direct sunlight. Direct sunlight and
UV radiation deteriorate certain rubber qualities; this must also be
considered during normal use.
A lengthwise angle deviation of max. 5 in the pipe is allowed (Fig. 5). Fig. 4
Fig. 5 Fig. 6
PV 80...100 max. 5 mm
PV 125...250 max. 10 mm
PV 300...500 max. 15 mm
PV 550...1000 max. 20 mm
Make sure that no foreign items get between the valve body and the actuator.
The valve nominal size means the inner diameter of the sleeve. The pipe inner diameter should match this
diameter as closely as possible.
Whenever possible, install the actuator in a vertical position.
When installing the valve to the pipeline, it has to be in the open Fig. 7.
position.
Tighten the end flange screws smoothly in turn on the opposite sides of the flange.
During the operation the valve does not normally require any maintenance operations.
The sleeve change is described in 4.2.
To ensure smooth operation, it is recommendable to change the valve sleeve at regular intervals.
Observe the safety instructions (see 2.3) and the instructions for adjustment of valve (4.3) to prevent
accidents and to ensure the correct operation of the valve.
Fig. 8.
Remove the broken sleeve by bending the rubber flange of the sleeve and by wrenching it e.g. with a big
screwdriver through the steel flange.
Put in the new sleeve by pressing the rubber flange on the opposite sides together, pushing its edge as far as
possible through the steel flange and wrenching the rest of the sleeve through the flange e.g. with a big
screwdriver (see Fig. 9).
The rubber flange of the sleeve allows bending. Avoid damaging the sleeve with a sharp tool.
Fig. 9.
After putting in the new sleeve, fix the opening tags to the pinch bars. Adjust the pinch bars before installing to
the pipeline.
N.B. At sleeve change, it is always important to check and, if necessary, to adjust the
position of the pinch bars. See 4.3.
Open the valve and detach it from the pipeline. Open the bolts between the valve body halves and detach the
lower part of the body. If the valve has opening tags, detach them from both upper and lower pinch bars, 8 pcs
screws (Fig.8). Take out the damaged sleeve and put in a new one. If the sleeve is stiff, detach the lower pinch
bar. Remember to fix the opening tags if applicable. Check the body sealing between the body halves and the
condition of the plastic bushings. A worn sealing and/or worn bushings may cause leakage to the environment
in the event of a sleeve breakage. Assemble the valve and adjust the pinch bars before installing the valve to the
pipeline.
N.B. At sleeve change, it is always important to check and, if necessary, to adjust the position of the pinch bars.
See 4.3.
After every sleeve change, the closing of the valve has to be controlled and adjusted if necessary. A wrong
adjustment may cause a considerably shorter life time of the sleeve and leakage from the valve when the
actuator is in the closed position.
Observe the safety instructions (see 2.3). Do not leave tools or parts of your body
between the moving valve parts.
Before reinstallation of the valve into the pipeline: Close the valve by using the actuator. Adjust the pinch bars
parallel by means of the nuts, which are on both sides of actuator fixing plate (Fig.10, nuts 1 and 2), so that from
one end of the sleeve an even, narrow light slit (appr. 0.5 mm) is shown on the whole squeezed point of the
sleeve (Fig. 10.1).
Unscrew the lower nuts (Fig. 10.2, nut 2) X mm from the fixing plate (see the measurements in the table, Fig.
11). Now when the screws on the upper side of the fixing plate (Fig. 10.3, nut 1) are tightened, the lower pinch
bar rises and causes a sufficient squeeze on the sleeve to close the flow against the pressure in the pipeline.
After this has been done the valve is ready to be installed to the pipeline.
Fig. 10.
Measure mm 1 6 - 10 16 - 25
Fig. 11.
If the valve is handwheel-operated, it is enough to check that the pinch bars are parallel and the light slit is
shown. A sufficient squeeze is achieved by turning the handwheel 1/3...3/4 rounds after the valve feels tight: if
the pressure in the pipeline is 1 bar - appr. 1/3 of a handwheel rotation; PN 10 bar - appr. 1/2 of a handwheel
rotation; PN 25 bar - appr. 3/4 of a handwheel rotation. If the valve is supplied with a reduction gear, the
number of rotations is multiplied by the gear ratio.
ENCLOSED BODY
MANUAL ACTUATOR
Dimensions = (mm)
Weight = (kg), GRS-Fe/AlSi -body and -attachment frame
Larger sizes and higher pressures also available
Dimensions subject to change without notice
ENCLOSED BODY
ELECTRO MECHANICAL ACTUATOR
ENCLOSED BODY
PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR WITH NELES POSITIONER
OPEN BODY
MANUAL ACTUATOR
Dimensions = (mm)
Weight = (kg), GRS-Fe/AlSi -body and -attachment frame
Larger sizes are also available
Dimensions subject to change without notice
OPEN BODY
PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR
OPEN BODY
ELECTRO MECHANICAL ACTUATOR
OPEN BODY
PNEUMATIC ACTUATOR WITH NELES POSITIONER
5. SAMPLE SPECIFICATION
Valves shall be with flanged joint ends and port areas shall be 100% of the pipe area. The elastomer
sleeve shall be made from specified elastomer a one piece construction with integral flanges and
shall be the only part in connection with the flowing medium. The flanges shall be drilled to the
specified standard. The valve shall have face to face dimension of 165 mm to DN 65 size and 2½
times the valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65. The closing mechanism shall be operated by
manual handwheel and shall be double acting and pinch the sleeve from opposite sides by two
pinch bars squeezing the sleeve shut on centre line. Stem shall have metric trapezoidal Tr-thread and
shall be made from Fe52C, AISI 304 or AISI 316. Valves for high pressure service or large diameter
shall be equipped with bevel gears.
PV pinch valves are to be of the open body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be visible in all
positions of pinching. Stem shall be encapsulated so the moving mechanism is protected against dirt.
PVE pinch valves are to be of the enclosed body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be covered by
the valve body having RCH 1000 bushings and PTFE sealings. Stem shall be encapsulated so the
moving mechanism is protected against dirt. There shall be a plug minimum of G ½” at the bottom
of the valve housing. A gauge indicating the pressure changes in the valve body shall be mounted
upon request. The enclosed PVE/S valve shall be equipped with a fugitive emission package that
includes the stem and body seals to provide a secondary containment of the fluid in the valve and
leakage to the outside environment from the valve body.
PVS pinch valves are to be of the sealed body mechanical pinch type. The closing mechanism shall
be non-rising and equipped with position indicator pin. Sleeve and stem shall be covered by the
valve body. There shall be a plug minimum of G ½” at the bottom of the valve housing.
ACTUATORS
M= manual, handwheel operated, valves for high pressure service or large diameter shall be
equipped with bevel gears. Chain wheels, stem extensions and other specials on request.
AUXILIARIES
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PV pinch valves are to be of the open body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be visible in all
positions of pinching.
PVE pinch valves are to be of the enclosed body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be covered by
the valve body having RCH 1000 bushings and PTFE sealings. There shall be a plug minimum of G
½” at the bottom of the valve housing. A gauge indicating the pressure changes in the valve body
shall be mounted upon request. The enclosed PVE/S valve shall be equipped with a fugitive
emission package that includes the stem and body seals to provide a secondary containment of the
fluid in the valve and leakage to the outside environment from the valve body.
PVS pinch valves are to be of the sealed body mechanical pinch type. The closing mechanism shall
be non-rising and operated by two pneumatic cylinders and shall pinch the sleeve from opposite
sides by two pinch bars squeezing the sleeve shut on centre line. Sleeve shall be covered by the valve
body. There shall be a plug minimum of G ½” at the bottom of the valve housing.
ACTUATORS
A = pneumatic actuator, double acting aluminium cylinder with hard chrome plated Fe shaft
as manufacturers standard, steel cylinder or AISI piston rod on request
...B = equipped with manual override
...N = equipped with pneumatic positioner (0,2-1 bar):
Posiflex, ABB, Neles NP 700 series, PMV, others on request
...K = equipped with electro-pneumatic positioner (4-20 mA):
Posiflex, ABB, Neles NE 700 series, PMV, others on request
...U = equipped with pneumatic spring to close, on request fail to open operation
...V = pneumatic actuator with mechanical spring to close, single acting cylinder,
on request fail to open operation
AUXILIARIES
L= opening tags for assisted opening
Q= quick exhaust valves for pneumatic cylinder
R= inductive limits; Telemecanique XS1-N18 (DC 3W PNP), XS1-N18 (DC 3W NPN),
XS1-M18(AC/DC 2W) or Neles NI 6211 (NAMUR), others on request
S= magnetic limits
T= mechanical limits: TelemecaniqueXCK-M102 or Neles NK 6201, others on request
Z= solenoid valve (5/2) for pneumatic actuator; Camozzi or Lucifer,
others on request
X= other, must be specified separately
Valves shall be with flanged joint ends and port areas shall be 100% of the pipe area. The elastomer
sleeve shall be made from specified elastomer a one piece construction with integral flanges and
shall be the only part in connection with the flowing medium. The flanges shall be drilled to the
specified standard. The valve shall have face to face dimension of 165 mm to DN 65 size and 2½
times the valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65. The closing mechanism shall be operated by
factory set and adjusted electro-mechanical actuator equipped with handwheel for emergency
operation and shall be double acting and pinch the sleeve from opposite sides by two pinch bars
squeezing the sleeve shut on centre line. Stem shall have metric trapezoidal Tr-thread and shall be
made from Fe52C, AISI 304 or AISI 316. Valves for high pressure service or large diameter shall be
equipped with bevel gears.
PV pinch valves are to be of the open body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be visible in all
positions of pinching.
PVE pinch valves are to be of the enclosed body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be covered by
the valve body having RCH 1000 bushings and PTFE sealings. Stem shall be encapsulated so the
moving mechanism is protected against dirt. There shall be a plug minimum of G ½” at the bottom
of the valve housing. A gauge indicating the pressure changes in the valve body shall be mounted
upon request. The enclosed PVE/S valve shall be equipped with a fugitive emission package that
includes the stem and body seals to provide a secondary containment of the fluid in the valve and
leakage to the outside environment from the valve body.
PVS pinch valves are to be of the sealed body mechanical pinch type. The closing mechanism shall
be non-rising. Sleeve and stem shall be covered by the valve body. There shall be a plug minimum of
G ½” at the bottom of the valve housing.
ACTUATORS
E = electro-mechanical actuator: Auma Norm SA-series, equipped with in-built limit switches
EO = electro-mechanical actuator with electronic positioner (4-20 mA): Auma Norm
SA-series with RWG or on request Auma Matic SAM-series
EX = electro-mechanical actuator: Rotork IQ-series, on request equipped also with
Folomatic, CPT or CTT
AUXILIARIES
\\Ntas\produ\FLOWSYS\PV-TEC\NEWSAM\ESAM.DOC
Valves shall be with flanged joint ends and port areas shall be 100% of the pipe area. The elastomer
sleeve shall be made from specified elastomer a one piece construction with integral flanges and shall
be the only part in connection with the flowing medium. The flanges shall be drilled to the specified
standard. The valve shall have face to face dimension of 165 mm to DN 65 size and 2½ times the
valve nominal bore in sizes larger than DN 65. The closing mechanism shall be operated by hydraulic
cylinder and shall be double acting and pinch the sleeve from opposite sides by two pinch bars
squeezing the sleeve shut on centre line. The cylinder is to have a working pressure of minium 150
bar and is equipped with pilot operated check valve as standard.
PV pinch valves are to be of the open body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be visible in all
positions of pinching.
PVE pinch valves are to be of the enclosed body mechanical pinch type. Sleeve shall be covered by
the valve body having RCH 1000 bushings and PTFE sealings. There shall be a plug minimum of G
½” at the bottom of the valve housing. A gauge indicating the pressure changes in the valve body
shall be mounted upon request. The enclosed PVE/S valve shall be equipped with a fugitive
emission package that includes the stem and body seals to provide a secondary containment of the
fluid in the valve and leakage to the outside environment from the valve body.
PVS pinch valves are to be of the sealed body mechanical pinch type. The closing mechanism shall be
non-rising and operated by two hydraulic cylinders and shall pinch the sleeve from opposite sides by
two pinch bars squeezing the sleeve shut on centre line. Sleeve shall be covered by the valve body.
There shall be a plug minimum of G ½” at the bottom of the valve housing.
ACTUATORS
H = hydraulic actuator equipped with pilot operated check valve, double acting Fe52 cylinder as
manufacturers standard, AISI 316 on request
...O = equipped with electro-hydraulic positioner (4-20 mA)
AUXILIARIES
\\Ntas\produ\FLOWSYS\PV-TEC\NEWSAM\HSAM.DOC
Pinch valve sleeve consists of the elastomer, fabric reinforcement and depending on flange type also
the flange support ring, all steam vulcanized as one part forming the pinch valve sleeve. Flange
drillings when specified shall be made in accordance to DIN, ANSI, B.S. TABLE or other drilling
standards.
As an option, sleeves shall be equipped with opening tags to ensure mechanical opening of valves
and returning of sleeve to a round configuration for example in low pressure, vacuum, sticky or high
temperature process conditions. Opening tags shall be of four piece construction and vulcanized into
sleeve structure with extra reinforcement and fixed into pinch bars by fasteners.
The sleeve markings shall clearly define the following information: manufacturer, sleeve material
code, and pressure rating. The spare part code number and manufacturing month and year shall be
indelibly marked.
Placing of the fabric reinforcements, manufacturing methods in applying the reinforcements to the
sleeve elastomers and the vulcanizing process must be of standardised type of manufacturing
procedures for all different sleeve diameters and pressure classes. The reinforcement materials
provided shall be of following types according to the valve application temperature and pressure
requirements: Rayon, Polyester, Polyamid or Kevlar.
The design safety factor for the valve sleeve is adjusted to about 3 which means that the bursting
pressure of the sleeve is approximately 3 times the operating pressure.
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PVE = enclosed A = pneumatic 6 = 6 bar 2 = DIN PN 10 1=- by the valve Q = quick exhaust
valve
PVE/S=enclose ...B = with 10 = 10 bar 3 = DIN PN 16 2 = AISI 316 manufacturer R = inductive limits
d/sealed manual
override
PVS = sealed ...K = with 16 = 16 bar 4 = DIN PN 25 3 = AlSi S = magnetic limits
el.pneum.
positioner
...N = with 25 = 25 bar 5 = DIN PN 40 4 = Other T = mechan. limits
pneum.
positioner
...U = with 40 = 40 bar 6 = ANSI 150 5 = Plastic Z = solenoid valve
pneum.
spring
...V = with mech. 64 = 64 bar 7 = ANSI 300 X = other, must be
spring specified
H = hydraulic 100 = 100 bar 8 = B.S. TABLE D
...O=with electr.
positioner
AlSi ½
DN25-150: aluminium alloy (DIN 1725 AlSi 12), epoxy painted K18-E180/2-FeSa 2½
• CV-DEFINITION
• CONTROL CURVE
Cv-DEFINITION
Cv represents the flow capacity or the fluid “conductivity” of the valve. It is, by definition,
the number of U.S. gallons per minute of water at 60 ° F that will pass through the valve
with a 1 PSI pressure differential between the inlet and outlet of the valve.
To compute roughly what size valve is needed equation below can be used.
Q
cv ( required ) = (1)
∆P
Gf
If valve sizing will done only with equation (1), flow velocities in valve must be checked
very carefully before the final selection. The use of the Larox Sizing program is
recommended.
It is possible to do general valve sizing with a few parameters, but when high accuracy is
required the case will be much more complicated.
In many cases valve sizing can be done with one equation manually in few seconds. Needed
basic sizing parameters are:
The required minimum valve capacity can be calculated from equation (1) and the suitable
valve diameter and opening is given in cv-charts.
ρ
ρwater
Q⋅
∆p
cv = (1)
0.865
In cases where the valve sizing must be accurate, some other parameters have to be studied:
4. Inlet pressure
5. Pipe diameter
6. Temperature of liquid
7. Liquid fluidity compared to water
The required minimum valve capacity value can be calculated from equation (2) where pipe
geometry, liquid fluidity, viscosity and possible cavitation are also considered
ρ
ρwater
Q⋅
∆p
cvreal = (2)
0.865 ⋅ fr ⋅ fp ⋅ fy ⋅ fg
In the Larox Pinch Valve Sizing Program, equation (2) is used for valve diameter selection.
Theoretical estimation of pipe geometry factor (must be considered when pipe conical is
needed)
1
fp = 2
(3)
cv
dv 2 dv 2
2 2 2
dv
0.5 ⋅ 1 − + 1 − ⋅ +1
dp dp 0.0022646
Viscosity effect
(76000 ⋅ Q) ⋅ ( f ⋅ cv )
2 0 .25
lp
Re = + (4)
(µ ⋅ ) (0.00214 ⋅ dv 4 ) 1
flp ⋅ cv
Cavitation factor
fy = flp ⋅
( p − ( f ⋅ p ))
v f v
(6)
pv
pv
ff = 0.96 − 0.28 ⋅ (7)
pc
⋅α 2
cv = (d 2 v ,mm ⋅ 01540884257) ⋅ 1 + eα ⋅2.2949
12952
.
. (8)
SIZE 20 40 60 80 100
25 24 57 82 95 96
Scaled cv-curves
100000
600
500
400
300
10000
200
150
100
1000
cv-value, -
65
40
100
10
1
0 20 40 60 80 100
Valve closure%
100
80
Cv/Cvmax
60
40
20
0
0 20 40 60 80 100
Valve opening, %
60
50
Capacity (cv) recuction, %
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Valve opening, %
Measured combination was PVE80 in DN125 pipeline and reduction angle in pipe conical
was 9 °. cv-reduction-% (Y-axes) = ((cv-value of PVE80 in DN125)/( cv-value of PVE80 in
DN80))*100.
Notice ! In many cases the effect of pipe conicals is a function of the flow velocity.
SIZING OF PIPELINES
RECOMMENDED MAXIMUM FLOW VELOCITIES IN PIPELINES
35
30
25
Velocity, m/s
20
15
10
0
0.016 0.16 16 160 800 1600
Density of medium, kg/m3
Simpson L.L., Sizing piping for process plants, Chem. Eng. Albany 75, June 17th (1968), p.192.
Notice!
Maximum recommended flow velocity in 100 % open Larox valve is 8 m/s (liquids and
slurries)
.
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RECYCLED PULP
COMPANIA SUZANO DE PAPEL E CELULOSE BRA TOTAL 116 VALVES
GREEN LIQUOR
LIME MUD
LIME SLURRY
WHITE LIQUOR
ENCE CEASA (NAVIA) ESP TOTAL 83 VALVES
GREEN LIQUOR
STORA ENSO FINE PAPER, CELBI PULP MILL PRT TOTAL 243 VALVES
CHEMICAL PULP
GREEN LIQUOR
GREEN LIQUOR DREGS
WHITE LIQUOR
STORA ENSO NYMÖLLA AB SWE TOTAL 60 VALVES
MAGNESIUM SLURRY
COATING CLAY
PAPER PIGMENT SLURRY
PASTE
SURFACE COATING COLOR
UPM-KYMMENE OY KAUKAS FIN TOTAL 89 VALVES
ALUNA
BENTONITE
CALCINATED KAOLIN
CALCIUM CARBONATE (PCC)
CALCIUM CARBONATE SLURRY (PCC)
CMC POWDER
KAOLIN
KAOLIN SLURRY
PASTE
PROPYLENE OXIDE
REJECT
TALC
TALC SLURRY
TITANIUM DIOXIDE TIO2
IRON SLURRY
SAND
BAKER PROCESS USA TOTAL 78 VALVES
COPPER
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
MINING SLURRY
BHP BILLITON IRON ORE PTY LTD AUS TOTAL 76 VALVES
IRON CONCENTRATE
IRON SLURRY
IRON TAILINGS
CODELCO- CHILE DIVISION CHL TOTAL 85 VALVES
CHUQUICAMATA
AIR
COPPER CONCENTRATE
MINING SLURRY
MOLYBDENUM SLURRY
CODELCO CHILE EL TENIENTE CHL TOTAL 76 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
ORE SLURRY
CODELCO DIV. CHUQUICAMATA CHL TOTAL 83 VALVES
COPPER TAILINGS
LIME MILK
CONSEP AUS TOTAL 67 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
GOLD CONCENTRATE SLURRY
NICKEL
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
DIAVIK DIAMOND CAN TOTAL 72 VALVES
COPPER TAILINGS
HOEGANAES USA TOTAL 68 VALVES
IRON SLURRY
SLURRY
INCO CAN TOTAL 119 VALVES
COPPER
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
ZINC TAILINGS
KENNECOTT UTAH COPPER USA TOTAL 213 VALVES
BARIUM SULPHATE
COPPER
COPPER CAKE
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
COPPER+TIN+ZINC+LEAD CONCENTRATES
LIME SLURRY
MOLYBDENUM SLURRY
WATER (cooliong water)
EFFLUENT+SALTS+SULPHATES+CHLORINES+FLUORINES
FURNACE LIME AND SODA
LEAD SLURRY
LIME MILK
SILVER ELECTROLYTE
WATER SOLUTION OF CU+NI+CL
KRASNOYARSK NON-FERROUS METALS RUS TOTAL 155 VALVES
PLANT
MINING SLURRY
LKAB (MALMBERGET) SWE TOTAL 81 VALVES
IRON
IRON CONCENTRATE
IRON SLURRY
LKAB KIRUNA SWE TOTAL 841 VALVES
BENTONITE+LIME
COPPER CONCENTRATE
IRON CONCENTRATE
IRON SLURRY
ORE SLURRY
SAND SLURRY
WATER
WATER DIRTY
WATER SPRAY (DIRTY)
METSO MINERALS CISA FRA TOTAL 53 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
METSO MINERALS SALA AB SWE TOTAL 85 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
IRON CONCENTRATE
IRON SLURRY
MINING SLURRY
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
MIM PROCESS TECHNOLOGIES AUS TOTAL 62 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
UNDERFLOW
AMMONIA+SULPHURIC ACID+CO2+O2+H2O+AIR
COPPER CONCENTRATE
ORE SLURRY
WATER (Acidic)
MINPRO INT. A/S NOR TOTAL 116 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
IRON SLURRY
MINING SLURRY
NORILSK NICKEL (NORILSK) RUS TOTAL 125 VALVES
COPPER+NICKEL SULPHIDES+H2SO4+NACL+CO(OH)3+CO2+CL2
COPPER+NICKEL SULPHIDES+NAC+NA2SO4+H2SO4
MINING SLURRY
NICKEL SOLUTION (NISO4+NICL2)
SODA SOLUTION (NA2CO3)
SODIUM BICARBONATE (NAHCO3)
SODIUM CHLORIDE NACL+SODIUM SULPH.NA2SO4+OTHER
SULPHURIC ACID SLURRY H2SO4
Larox Valve Applications 7-3
Larox Valve Applications
OK TEDI MINING LTD PNG TOTAL 114 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
OUTOKUMPU ENGINEERING OY FIN TOTAL 303 VALVES
NICKEL SLURRY
NICKEL SUBSTANCE NICO3
OUTOKUMPU HARJAVALTA METALS OY FIN TOTAL 55 VALVES
CONCENTRATE WATER
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER CONCENTRATE DRY
NICKEL
NICKEL CONCENTRATE DRY
NICKEL DUST
NICKEL SULPHATE
SULPHURIC ACID H2SO4
OUTOKUMPU ZINC OY KOKKOLA FIN TOTAL 54 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
FILTRATE
SULPHURIC ACID SLURRY H2SO4
SULPHURIC ACID+ZINC SULPHATE
WATER
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
ZINC POWDER
ZINC SLURRY
ZINC SULPHATE+SULPHURIC ACID
ZINC SULPHATE+Sulphuric Acid (ZnSO4+H2SO4)
ZINC SUPHATE+CADMIUM DREGS
OUTOKUMPU ZINK TARA MINES LIMITED IRL TOTAL 66 VALVES
ZINC TAILINGS
SAIDI ESP TOTAL 102 VALVES
COPPER CONCENTRATE
NICKEL
NICKEL SLURRY
STRONTIUM CARBONATE+AMMONIUM NITRATE
STRONTIUM CARBONATE+AMMONIUM SULPHATE+CARBONATE
SULPHATE SOLUTION THIN
UMICORE FRANCE S.A. FRA TOTAL 55 VALVES
MINING SLURRY
SULPHURIC ACID SLURRY H2SO4
SULPHURIC ACID+ MG+ZN+GYPSUM SLURRY
WATER+SULPHURIC ACID
ZINC SLURRY
WMC - OLYMPIC DAM CORPORATION LTD AUS TOTAL 56 VALVES
ROXBY
ACIFIED TAILINGS
COPPER CONCENTRATE
COPPER TAILINGS
COPPER+UR TAILINGS
TAILINGS
LEAD SLURRY
WATER PROCESS WATER
ZINC CONCENTRATE
ZINC CONCENTRATE SLURRY
ZINC SLURRY
ZINC SLURRY BLENDED
ZINC TAILINGS
ZINC+LEAD CONCENTRATE
ZINC+LEAD+DOLOMITE SLURRY
LEAD SLURRY
HUTA ALUMINIUM KONIN S.A. POL TOTAL 56 VALVES
LEAD SLURRY
LIME+SODA ASH
SCRUBBER EFFLUENT WET
SCRUBBER OVERFLOW FROM SETTLING TANK
WATER DIRTY
NICKEL SLURRY
HYDROCHLORIC ACID+IRON+ALUMINIUM
IRON CHLORIDE+SILICA ACID+IRON ACID
SILIGRAIN ACID (HCL+FE+AL)
ISG GROUP (FORMERLY BETHLEHEM STEEL USA TOTAL 77 VALVES
CORP.)
LIME SLURRY
STEEL
STEEL CHROME RECOVERY
STEEL SLURRY
STEELMAKING CASTER SLURRY
SULPHURIC ACID H2SO4
WATER (cooliong water)
WATER+SCALE
CEMENT
HEKIM YAPI ENDUSTRISI SANAYI VE TUR TOTAL 52 VALVES
TICARET A.S.
CEMENT
CEMENT
GYPSUM SLURRY
SILICA
SILICA SLURRY
SODIUM SILICA SLURRY
WATER (WASTE WATER)
CERAMIC SLURRY
JAMES HARDIE BUILDING PRODUCTS USA TOTAL 189 VALVES
ALUMINA SLURRY
GYPSUM
SAND
SILICA
SILICA SLURRY
APATITE CONCENTRATE
APATITE+LIMESTONE+GYPSUM+MICA
ORE SLURRY
MILLENIUM INORGANIC CHEMICALS AUS TOTAL 102 VALVES
LTD. KEMERTON
MINERAL SAND
NETZSCH THURINGIA GMBH DEU TOTAL 70 VALVES
CERAMIC SLURRY
ILMENITE SLURRY
TITANIUM ORE
DRILLING WASTE
SHELL U.K. EXPLORATION AND GBR TOTAL 120 VALVES
PRODUCTION
CHEMICAL TiO2
KEMIRA PIGMENTS OY FIN TOTAL 299 VALVES
CHEMICAL Other
GULF CHEMICAL & METALLURGICAL USA TOTAL 70 VALVES
CORP.
CHEMICAL SLURRY
KEMIRA ARAB POTASH COMPANY LTD JOR TOTAL 72 VALVES
(AMMAN)
SODA
SEWAGE (BLACK+GREY)
GYPSUM+WATER+CACL2
LIME SLURRY
ENERGY Scrubbers
CINERGY POWER GENERATION SERVICES, USA TOTAL 53 VALVES
LLC
LIME MILK
ST. JOHNS RIVER POWER PARK USA TOTAL 289 VALVES
LIME MILK
WATER+SAND
SPARE SLEEVES
A. Sleeve product/code number, which is marked on the sleeve and also written on the
Larox Flowsys order acknowledgement related to the valve.
Example 51518 . 3 . 93 where
51518 = sleeve code number
3 . 93 = time of manufacture
B. Sleeve type marking, which is mentioned on the order acknowledgement related to the
valve.
Example: NR 10032/165/1L
A. Valve type marking, which is marked on the valve name plate and written on the
order acknowledgement.
Example: PVE 100 A10-231
C. If A and B not available, number and position number of Larox Flowsys order
acknowledgement or your order number and position number of the valve.
D. Name and quantity of the spare part ordered and product/code number of the spare
part if known.
On request, we send you the spare part drawing to identify spares requested.
J:\FLOWSYS\PV-TEC\Pvspares.doc07.07.1998, PN
CETCO, CENTURY GEN. TRAD. & CONT. EST. Larox Valve Agent in:
BEHBEHANI BLDG., AL-MUTHANNA ST. KUWAIT
P.O. BOX 5333
HAWALLY - 32084 Tel. +965-261 4168
KUWAIT Fax. +965-261 5979
E-mail cetco@cetconet.com
AMAL HUSAIN
ROSS NOLAN