Business

Objectives:

Profitability
Growth
Continuity
If,
ABC D EFGHI J K L M N O PQ R S T U V W X Y Z

Equals,
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Then, K+ N +O +W+ L +E+D+G+E

11 + 14 + 15 + 23 + 12 + 5 + 4 + 7 + 5 = 96%

H+A+R +D+W+ O+ R +K
8 + 1 + 18 + 4 + 23 + 15 + 18 + 11 = 98%

Both are important, but the total falls short of 100% but,

A+T +T + I+T + U +D+E

1 + 20 + 20 + 9 + 20 + 21 + 4 + 5 = 100%

“Safety & Health is about ATTITUDE.”

ACCIDENT is usually
the RESULT of a
contact with a source
of energy above the
threshold limit of the
body or structure.
 Accident

Interrupt Activity

Injury or Death

Damaged Property
Incident before Accident

Undesired event, which, under

slight different circumstances,
could have resulted in harm to
people, damage to property or
loss to process.
 More workplace accidents that
take place result to higher
company insurance premium.

and

Higher company premiums means

lower profit on each product unit sold/
services rendered.

“Accident  costs  money,  
Safety  saves  money.” 
Is safety
profit or
loss?
It's smart to pay for safety and health before 
an accident occurs.  
Safety
First
 When Mr. Albert Judge Gary, Chairman
of US Steel Co, adopted “Safety First”
as corporate business principle and
conducted various measures, number of
accidents have been decreased and at
the same time, quality of products was
improved and productivity was
increased and thus the company has
become prosperous.
The term “Safety First” has become
popular based on the above fact.

14 
15 
LEGISLATIONS OSH STANDARDS

Book IV, Title I – Occupational Safety

Medical, Dental and and Health Standards,
Occupational Safety (OSHS)1978
16 
Philippines’ Occupational Safety
& Health Standards (1978)

Some  Rules of the OSHS 
1000  General Provisions 
1010  Other Safety Rules 
1020  RegistraCon 
1030  Training & AccreditaCon 
1040  Health & Safety CommiJee 
1050  NoCficaCon & Keeping of  
     OccupaConal Illnesses & Injuries 
1060  Premises of Establishments 
1070  Environmental Control 
1080  Personal ProtecCve Equipment  17 
Philippines’ Occupational Safety
& Health Standards (1978)
1090    Hazardous Materials     
1100    Gas & Electric Welding & CuYng OperaCons 
1120    Hazardous Work Processes 
1140    Explosives 
1150    Materials Handling & Storage 
1160    Boiler 
1170    Unfired Pressure Vessels 
1200    Machine Guarding      
1210    Electrical Safety       
1220    Elevators & Related Equipment  
1230    IdenCficaCon of Piping System   
1410    ConstrucCon Safety (DO 13, s 1998) 
1940    Fire ProtecCon & Control 
1960    OccupaConal Health Services  18 

1990    Final Provision (Penal Provision) 
DUTIES OF EMPLOYERS 
•  Adopt administra:ve policies on safety in accordance 
with the provisions of the Standards 
•  Report to the Regional Director or his/her duly authorized 
representa:ve the policies adopted and the safety 
organiza:on established 
•  Submit reports to the Regional Director or his/her duly 
authorized representa:ve once in every three months on 
the safety performance, safety commiIee mee:ngs and 
its recommenda:ons and measures taken to implement 
the recommenda:on 
•  Act on recommended safety measures 
•  Provide access to appropriate authori:es. 
19 
DUTIES OF EMPLOYEES 

•  Follow safety policies 
•  Report unsafe condi:ons and prac:ces to the 
Supervisor 
•  Serve as member of the Health and Safety 
CommiIee 
•  Cooperate with Health and Safety CommiIee 
•  Assist government agencies in the conduct of 
safety and health inspec:on. 

20 
   is a group of employees and 
management that plans and 
develops polices in all maIers 
pertaining to safety and health     
in the workplace.  

   all establishments are required 
to have a Safety and Health 
CommiIee.  21 
DUTIES OF THE HEALTH & SAFETY COMMITTEE 
•  Plan and develop accident preven:on programs in the 
workplace 
•  Inspect workplace to detect unsafe condi:ons 
•  Review reports of inspec:on, results of accident 
inves:ga:ons and implementa:on of accident preven:on 
program 
•  Conduct safety mee:ngs at least once a month 
•  Submit reports to the manager/owner on its mee:ngs and 
ac:vi:es 
•  Provide necessary assistance to government inspec:ng 
authori:es in the proper conduct of ac:vi:es rela:ng to 
enforcement of the provisions of the Standards 
•  Train workers in safe work habits and procedures 
•  Develop and maintain a disaster con:ngency plan and 
organize such emergency service units as may be necessary 
to handle disaster situa:ons pursuant to the Emergency 
Preparedness Manual for Establishments of the Office of Civil 
22 
Defense. 
  DuCes of Safety Officer 

•  Advice the employer, supervisors and workers on all 
maIers pertaining to OSH    
•  Inves:gate accidents (as part of the CommiIee)   
•  Coordinate safety training programs   
•  Conduct safety and health inspec:ons 
•  Maintain accident records system   
•  Provide assistance to government agencies in the 
conduct of health and safety inspec:on, accident 
inves:ga:on or any other related programs.  
23 
 Managers/ Management/
Supervisors Executives

      Implementation Policy
Training  Resources 

Employees Safety Committee

Program 
Observe rules Evalua:on 
Report hazards Coordina:on 

Promote 
Employees Interests & 
Coopera:on 

Safety Roles & Responsibilities 24 

Examples of responsibiliCes of 
management include:  
•  providing a safe and healthful workplace  
•  establishing and maintaining a health and safety 
program  
•  ensuring workers are trained or cer:fied, as required  
•  repor:ng accidents and cases of occupa:onal 
disease to the appropriate authority  
•  providing medical and first aid facili:es  
•  ensuring personal protec:ve equipment is available  
•  providing workers with health and safety 
informa:on  
•  suppor:ng supervisors in their health and safety 
ac:vi:es  
25 
Examples of responsibiliCes of 
supervisors include:  
•  instruc:ng workers to follow safe work prac:ces  
•  enforcing health and safety regula:ons  
•  correc:ng unsafe acts and unsafe condi:ons  
•  ensuring that only authorized, adequately trained 
workers operate equipment  
•  repor:ng and inves:ga:ng all accidents/incidents  
•  inspec:ng own area and taking remedial ac:on to 
minimize or eliminate hazards  
•  promo:ng safety awareness in workers  
26 
Examples of responsibiliCes of workers 
include:  
•  using personal protec:on and safety equipment as 
required by the employer  
•  following safe work procedures  
•  knowing and complying with all regula:ons  
•  repor:ng any injury or illness immediately  
•  repor:ng unsafe acts and unsafe condi:ons  
•  par:cipa:ng in joint health and safety commiIees   

27 
OccupaConal Health & 
Safety Concepts 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

INCIDENT
•  An  undesired  event,  which  under  slightly  different 
circumstances,  COULD  HAVE  RESULTED  TO  harm  to 
people, damage to property, or loss to process. 

•  An undesired event which could or does result in a loss. 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

ACCIDENT
•  Is  an  undesired  event  that  RESULTS  IN  harm  to  people, 
damage to property or loss to process.  

•  It  is  usually  a  contact  with  a  source  of  energy  above  the 
threshold limit of the body or structure. 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

SAFETY
• Freedom from accident. 

• Is the control of accidental loss. 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

HEALTH
• the promoCon and maintenance of the highest 
degree of physical, mental and social well being of 
workers in all occupaCons by prevenCng 
departures from health, controlling risks and the 
adaptaCon of work to people, and people to their 
jobs.                                         (ILO/WHO 1950)  
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

HAZARD
•   A condiCon or pracCce with the potenCal 
for accidental loss. 

 Substandard CondiCon 

 Substandard Act 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Type of Hazards 

 Physical Hazards 
 Chemical Hazards 
 Biological Hazards 
 Ergonomic Hazards 
 Electrical Hazards 
 Mechanical Hazards 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

Three Steps to Control Accidents

& Work-related illness:

1.  Iden:fy 
2.  Evaluate 
3.  Correct 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Fundamental Safety & Health Tenets 

Correct the Hazard 
1.  Engineering Control 

2.  Administra:ve Control 

3.  Personal Protec:ve Equipment 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Correct the Hazard 

Engineering Methods                 
‐ eliminate or reduce the hazard 
• Ini:al design specifica:on 
• Subs:tu:on 
• Isola:on (Place) 
• Ven:la:on 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Correct the Hazard 

AdministraCve Methods          
 ‐ control of employees exposure  
•  Scheduled reduced work hours in 
contaminated areas 
•  Increased breaks 

•  SOP’s 

•  Medical Exams 
 • BASIC PRINCIPLES

Correct the Hazard 

Personal ProtecCve Equipment  
‐  barrier aids in controlling individual 
exposure to hazards 
 Is hazard
foreseeable?
“Once you get used of working in an 
environment that is unsafe, and you get used 
to working unsafe, then being unsafe is not 
unsafe to you anymore. It's just the norm.”  
Why Employees Don't Comply
with Safety Rules

1.  they don't know why they should

do them.
2.  employees do not know how to
do the task correctly

Ferdinand F. Fournies’s “Why Employees Don't

Do What They're Supposed To Do”
 A safe and healthy Is free from unsafe
workplace Conditions and
Unsafe acts

46
 Happy and
motivated Efficient

People working
in a safe and
healthful workplace
are…
Productive Competitive
 Be SAFE on the job, so that
every day you can come home
and BE THERE for your family!