Procedure : IKL-

PT. ISTANA KARANG LAUT HSE- 0501 rev

HSE PROCEDURE Job Safety Analysis Date : 05-Oct-
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CONTENTS

1.0. PURPOSE.........................................................................................................2

2.0. SCOPE..............................................................................................................2

3.0. REFERENCES..................................................................................................2

4.0. DEFINITION......................................................................................................2

5.0. PROCEDURE....................................................................................................2

5.1 Responsibilities

5.2 Types of Hazards

5.3 Prevention and Control of Hazards

5.4 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

5.5 JSA Review and Update

5.6 Safety Instructions

6.0. APPENDIX........................................................................................................ 9
 Procedure : IKL-
PT. ISTANA KARANG LAUT HSE- 0501 rev
HSE PROCEDURE Job Safety Analysis Date : 05-Oct-
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1.0 PURPOSE AND 7 of 8
To reduce risks to employees and protect them from the Work Place Hazards through the
implementation of Job Safety Analysis.

2.0 SCOPE
This procedure is directly applicable to work associated with the Project

3.0 REFERENCES
 IKL-OH&S Manual Section 4.3.1, 4.4.6 & 4.4.7
 IKL-HSE-0701 Personnel Protective and Emergency Equipment
 IKL-HSE-0104 Audits and Inspections
 IKL-HSE-0401 Accident / Incident Reporting and Investigation

4.0 DEFINITION.
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) : is a process whereby a job / task is broken into its
component parts and each part is analysed to
determine if there is a better, safer way to
accomplish it.
Risk : is the combination of the likelihood of a specific
unwanted event and the potential consequences if it
should occur.
Hazard : is any condition or practice with the potential for
permanent disability, harm to life, health or property
and environment damage .

1. PROCEDURE

1.1 Responsibilities

It is the responsibility of IKL Managers and Supervisors to assess the risks

associated within their respective sites and work places. They shall ensure
hazard control measures are carried out to minimise the risk of incidents and
accidents, which may result in injury to personnel or damage to equipment,
facilities or the environment.
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1.2 Types of Hazards

There are six types of hazards as follows:

 Physical : noise, vibration, lighting, electrical, heat and cold,
nuisance dust, fire/explosion, machine guarding and
working space.
 Chemical : gases, dusts, fumes vapors and liquids.
 Ergonomic : tool design, equipment design, job task design, work
station design and manual handling
 Radiation : microwaves, infra red, ultra violet, laser ( non-ionising ),
X rays and gamma rays.
 Psychological : shift work, work load, dealing with the public
harassment , discrimination, threat of danger and low
level constant noise.
 Biological : infections, bacteria and viruses such as hepatitis.

5.3 Prevention and Control of Hazards

Most workplace incidents and accidents are preventable, if the following

hazard control methods are adopted in the order listed:

 Eliminate the hazard :
 Substitute the Hazard :
Is the ideal control solution. For example the
risk of electric shock can be eliminated or
reduced by adopting other equipment such as
cordless battery tools which have a power
level too low to cause injury.
Work processes need to be examined to find
out whether it is possible to achieve the
desired result by a less hazardous means. For
example, where a person is required to lift
components from floor level onto a bench, it
may be possible to raise the box of
components to bench height, where heavy
bags are handled it may be possible to obtain
materials in smaller quantities.
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 Control the Hazard : If the hazard cannot be eliminated or

substituted, the next best measure is to control
the hazard at its source. Engineering methods
can be introduced to effect a change to the
way in which the product is processed, thus
eliminating or minimising the exposure of the
person to the hazardous process. This may
include the modification of tools and equipment,
the introduction of enclosures such as
machinery guarding or causing the machine to
be deactivated when a guard is opened or
removed. Fail safe devices can be
incorporated within a system which ensures
that any failure will leave the system safe.

5.4 Job Safety Analysis (JSA)

What is a JSA
A JSA in simple terms means “planning of safe work”, it is primarily the
supervisor’s responsibility to identify , evaluate , decide , act and review every
task from start to finish. A job safety analysis, a process whereby a job is
broken into its component parts and each part is analysed to determine if
there is a better, safer way to accomplish it.

Who is involved in JSA

Everyone who takes part in any task which has been selected for a JSA
should be involved, workers, supervisor and managers etc.

What are the benefits from a JSA?

Everyone involved will benefit because:
 It enhances communication.
 Allows input from experienced workers.
 Increases job knowledge.
 Provides written procedures for written use.
 Helps identify Quality / Inspection requirements
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 It is a training
ANDtool. 7 of 8

 It identifies hazards and ways to manage them.

 Bottom line, fewer accidents.

How to carry out a JSA.

 Select the job task.
 Break the job down into steps.
 Check each step for hazards.
 Record the JSA using work sheets.
 Review at the end of the job/task.

When to do a JSA.
It is recommended for task that has “ medium risk” in the Project Safety Risk
Analysis

Breaking the job down into steps.

Having selected the job to be analyzed, the next step is to break it down into
its basic steps and recording them on a JSA work sheet (refer Appendix 1).
This permits a systematic critical examination of each part of the job for
hazards. The job should be broken down in such a way that the steps
describe what is too be done and in what order.

The following table is an example of a step by step breakdown for the job of
changing a flat tire on a motor vehicle.

Changing a Flat Tire on a Motor Vehicle

1. Position vehicle and activate handbrake. Chock wheels.
2. Remove spare tire and locate conveniently.
3. Check and position vehicle jack.
4. Remove hub cap and crack wheel nuts.
5. Jack up vehicle.
6. Remove wheel nuts.
7. Remove wheel.
8. Position spare wheel.
9. Position wheel nuts and tighten ( do not over tighten )
10. Lower jack and remove.
11. Tighten wheel nuts firmly.
12 Replace hub cap.
13. Store jack and spare wheel.

NOTES:
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Each step tells generallyAND
what must be done with no reference to how. 7 of 8
No hazards are mentioned and no safety precautions are prescribed. That comes
later.
The job steps are described in their normal order of occurrence.
The description of each step starts with a verb , i.e. position , tighten etc.
It is best to make a list of all the job steps and then deal with one at a time.

It should only take 3 to 10 words to describe a job step, however the following
errors are often made with this part of the JSA.

The job steps are too “detailed”.

For example : Step 1: Park the vehicle.
Step 2: Get out of the vehicle.
Step 3: Walk to the vehicle boot.
Step 4: Open the boot.
Step 5: etc.

The job steps are too “broad”

For example : Step 1: Remove the wheel.
Step 2: Put on spare wheel.
Any job, no matter how complex, can be broken down into a series of basic
steps. Some jobs may involve two or three steps, while others may include
more than a dozen. The majority will break down into less than ten steps for
JSA purposes.

If the job does need to be in more steps, then do more than one JSA, i.e.
break the job down into several JSA’s.

Review each step for hazards.

After the job has been broken down into its basic steps, each of these is
studied for hazards or potential accidents. The idea is to identify all hazards
whether they are of the employee’s own making or are part of the job’s
surroundings.

Although you can never be certain that you have identified every last accident
possibility, you have a better chance if you actually observe the job being
done or discuss the likely hazards with a specific group.
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The long range objective should be to carry out a JSA on all
AND jobs.
7 of 8 However it

is important to set priorities.

In selecting which jobs should be analyzed, it is useful to begin with those

associated with a high incident frequency and where obvious high risk
potential is evident.

It should be remembered that “new” jobs have no accident history, therefore

the potential for any accidents or work related illness may not be recognised
unless a JSA is performed before the new job commenced.

The supervisor in charge of the new job has the responsibility for completing
the job safely. Therefore the supervisor shall ensure that the correct ( risk
free ) procedure is always used.

The Safety Representative and or Safety Committee can also assist in the
selecting of jobs that require a JSA.

1.3 JSA Review and Update.

This is a very important step in Job Safety Analysis because even the best
prepared job safety analysis can fail to identify significant factors which may
alter the way the job was done or create hazards which were not identified on
the original JSA.
To ensure that these experiences and information gained by doing the job are
not lost, but remain available to others who may be required to perform the
same or similar jobs. The JSA team leader should at the completion of each
job, organize the JSA team to review and update the original JSA.
When reviewing the JSA on completion of the job, the following should be
considered:

Did any of the job steps change (added or deleted) ?

Often during job changes in the environment, specifications or tools and
equipment can cause job steps to be added, deleted or changed. Changes in
job steps can introduce new hazards requiring new solutions.
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Were there any
ANDadditional hazards ? 7 of 8

When doing a JSA a great deal of effort is put into trying to identify all of the
potential hazards, however it is not always possible to foresee all, of the
hazards until the job is completed.

What solutions were developed for the additional hazards?

Once a job has commenced additional unforeseen hazards may present
themselves so that solutions have to be developed on the job. These job
developed solutions need to be included on the revised JSA.

External influences that impacted on the job.

When doing a JSA it is often difficult to identify all of the possible external
factors that impact on the job and the impact of the job on other jobs and
people in the immediate vicinity. Feedback of this type can be invaluable to
people planning similar jobs in the future.

5.6 Safety Instructions.

Safety Instructions are to be provided as a basis for managing workplace

hazards through instruction and training in instance where risk control
methods pertain to a particular task are not adequately defined by existing
procedures, installation manuals or equipment user manuals.

6.0 APPENDIX
 Appendix 1 : Job Safety Analysis Work Sheet