Circuit Analysis using LT SPICE

Introduction to LT SPICE Circuit Analysis

• Download & Installation • RC Low pass filter
• New Schematic • RL Low pass filter
• New Component • RC High pass filter
• Symbol selection • RLC series band pass filter
• Voltage source
• Resistor properties
• Inductor properties
• Capacitor properties
• Rotate a component
• Delete a component
• Connect components through wires
• Voltage measurement: Ground reference
• Voltage measurement: Output voltage reference
• LT Spice Directives: .op
• LT Spice Directives: .tran
• Text boxes
• Run the simulation
• Time scale
• Choice of signals to plot
• Voltage scale
• Zooming
• Zooming to extents
• LT Spice Directives: .ac

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 1

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Download & installation

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 2

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Download & installation

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 3

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
New Schematic

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 4

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
New Component

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 5

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Symbol selection

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 6

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Symbol selection: Voltage source

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 7

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage source properties

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 8

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage source properties
• Amplitude
• Frequency

• Number of
cycles

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 9

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Resistor properties
• Resistance

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 10

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Inductor properties
• Inductance
• mH

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 11

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Inductor properties
• Capacitance
• 5u, 5n, 5p

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 12

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Rotate a Component

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 13

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Rotate a Component

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 14

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Rotate a Component

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 15

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Delete a Component

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 16

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Connection of Components by Wires

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 17

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Connection of Components by Wires

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 18

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage measurement: Ground

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 19

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage measurement: O/P voltage
01

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 20

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage measurement: O/P voltage
02

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 21

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage measurement: O/P voltage
03

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 22

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
LT Spice directives: DC Operating Point
Analysis
• Calculates the
DC voltage
and current of
each node in
the steady-
state of the
electronic
circuit

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 23

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
LT Spice directives: DC Operating Point
Analysis
• Calculates the
DC voltage
and current of
each node in
the steady-
state of the
electronic
circuit

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 24

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
LT Spice directives: Transient Analysis

• Used to define
the simulation
time of the
circuit analysis

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 25

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
LT Spice directives: Transient Analysis

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 26

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
LT Spice directives

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 27

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Commenting with Textboxes

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 28

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Commenting with Textboxes

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 29

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Run the simulation

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 30

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Time axis

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 31

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Choice of Signals to Plot

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 32

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Choice of Signals to Plot

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 33

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Voltage Scale

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 34

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Zooming on the Plot

• Click+Drag

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 35

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
Zooming to Extents

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 36

INTRODUCTION TO LT SPICE
AC Analysis .ac
• Used to analyze
voltage and phase
responses with
respect to
different
frequencies

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 37

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RC circuit, f=0.01Hz
• What is the cut-off
frequency?
• What happens to
the output voltage
when the cutoff
frequency is
exceeded?
• What happens to
the output voltage
at frequencies
below the cutoff
frequency?

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 38

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RC circuit, f=0.01Hz
• (Almost) Same
Amplitude
• Same phase

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 39

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RC circuit, f=0.1Hz
• Damping
• Phase shift?

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 40

 CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RC circuit, f=0.5Hz
• Different
amplitude
• Different phase

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 41

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RL circuit
• What is the cut-off
frequency?
• What happens to
the output voltage
when the cutoff
frequency is
exceeded?
• What happens to
the output voltage
at frequencies
below the cutoff
frequency?

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 42

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RL circuit, f=0.001Hz
• (Almost) Same
Amplitude
• Same phase

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 43

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RL circuit, f=0.01Hz

• Damping
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 44

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
Low-pass filter: Simple RL circuit, f=0.1Hz

• Further
Damping
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 45

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY SELECTIVE
CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit (Loaded & unloaded)
• What is the cut-off
frequency?
• What happens to
the output voltage
when the cutoff
frequency is
exceeded?
• What happens to
the output voltage
at frequencies
below the cutoff
frequency?

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 46

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.01 Hz

• Amplitude is almost
zero
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 47

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.01 Hz
(Loaded 100 ohm)

• Amplitude is almost
zero
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 48

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.1 Hz

• Amplitude
increasing
• Phase shift smaller

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 49

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.1 Hz (Loaded
100 ohm)

• Effect of loading
• Amplitude
increasing
• Phase shift smaller

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 50

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.5 Hz

• Effect of Higher
frequency
• Amplitude
increasing
• Phase shift smaller

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 51

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE CIRCUITS
High-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.5 Hz (Loaded
100 ohm)

• Effect of loading
• Amplitude
increasing
• Phase shift
smaller

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 52

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY SELECTIVE
CIRCUITS
Band-pass filter: RC circuit
• What is the resonant
frequency?
• What are the cutoff
frequencies?
• What happens to the
output voltage when
the high cutoff
frequency is
exceeded?
• What happens to the
output voltage when
the low cutoff
frequency is
subceeded?

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 53

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY SELECTIVE
CIRCUITS
Band-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.01 Hz

• Effects of the
frequency value
• Wave dampened
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 54

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY SELECTIVE
CIRCUITS
Band-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.1 Hz

• Effects of the
frequency value
• Wave gain in
amplitude
• Phase shift

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 55

CIRCUIT THEORY: FREQUENCY SELECTIVE
CIRCUITS
Band-pass filter: RC circuit, f=0.05 Hz

• Effects of the
frequency value
• Equal amplitude
• No Phase shift

1
𝑓0 =
2𝜋𝐿𝐶

Tuesday, September 24, 2019, ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II 56

ECNG 2106, Circuit Analysis II

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