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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
CONTENTS
Prehistoric Period - 6
Rise of Kingdoms - 26
Mauryan Empire - 28
Kushana Empire - 31
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
PREHISTORIC PERIOD
The Pre-historic period can be classified as:
Places in India where the Old Stone Age tools were found:
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Tamilnadu - Vadamadurai, Athirambakkam, Pallavaram,
Kanchipuram, Vellur, Thiruvallur
Iron Age
The period when the tools were made up of iron was called Iron
Age
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Indus Valley Civilization
In 1 921, archaeologists found out that it was the ancient city of
India.
Harappa in Sindhi means 'Buried City'.
This civilization flourished in India about 4700 years ago.
Agriculturists
Artisans
Traders
Traders
Potters
Blacksmiths
Agriculture was their main occupation, they cultivated wheat and
barley, stored the surplus grains in the granary
Dress
Gold
Silver
Ivory
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Precious stones
Art
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
THE VEDIC PERIOD
Aryans migrated to India through the Khyber and Bolan passes
from central Asia.
The places where they settled in India was called Arya
Vardham
Compiled the prayers of their ancestors as Vedas
In History, this was called the Vedic Age
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
The Social life of Aryans
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
They destroyed the forests and made them into cultivable
lands.
Carpentry and weaving were also their occupations.
They produced cotton and woollen clothes
Goldsmiths made ornaments and potters made pots for
household use
Barter system was in practice.
Rivers were used for transportation
Their unit of currency Nishka, made of gold
Food
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Later Vedic Period: (BC 1000- BC 600)
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Who performed sacrifices and religious ceremonies were called
Brahmans
The Vaishyas were the traders and farmers.
Status of women
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
JAINISM AND BUDDHISM
6th century was a period of intellectual awakening
Existed to reformed the socio – religious organizations
The aim of these religions is to remove the superstitious beliefs,
unwanted religious rituals and the caste discrimination
Gautama Buddha was the founder of Buddhism
JAINISM
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Trade & Commerce
Right Knowledge
Right Knowledge
Right Action
The Five Doctrines
Ahimsa (Non-Violence
Satya (Truth)
Asatya (Non Stealing)
Aparigraha (Non-possession)
Brahmacharya (Celibacy
Kings who followed Jainism
Chandragupta Maurya
Kalingathu Karavelen
Koon Pandian
Mahendravarma Pallava I
Contribution of Jains to Tamil Literature:
Sillapathigaram
Chivgachinthamani,
Literature and Grammar works
Yapperungalaviruthi, Neminatham, Nannool,
Agaporulvillakam, Naladiar, Nanmanikadikai, Pazhamozhi,
Contribution of Jains to architecture:
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Sculpture
Udaiyagiri
Hathigumpa
Girnar
Saravanabelagola
Kazhugumala
The statue of Gomatheswara at Saravanabelgola is at
Karnataka
BUDDHISM
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
The Four Noble Truths are
Right belief
Right speech
Right living
Right effort
Right thought
Right action
Right meditation
Buddhist monks
Hinayana
Historical Monuments
Vinaya Pitaka
SuttaPitaka
Abhidamma Pitaka
Manimekalai and Kundalakesi are Buddhist literature.
A book of Sri Lanka says that Tripitakas was written during the reign of
Vattakkamini Abayan
Water cannot enter into a constructed house; Evil thoughts cannot enter
into the hearts of those who have good thoughts. - Buddha.
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
ANCIENT TAMIL NADU
The land mass between the Himalayas and Cape Comorin is hailed
as our Grand Old Country of Bharath by Bharathiyar in his "Ode to
Child. During the British rule, most of the parts of south India were
called 'Madras Presidency
In ancient times Tamil Nadu was ruled by
Chera
Chola
Pandya who were called Mooventhars during the ancient time
Southern part of south India was ruled by Pandyas, west by Cheras
& North east by Cholas.
Three Sangams
The historic period of Tamil Nadu began from the Sangam age
Sangam age is the period during which the poets of the Third
Sangam joined together and did research on Tamil.
Period lasted for 400 years from BT 200 -AT 200.
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
BT -AT was calculated based on the birth year of Thiruvalluvar
ie 31 B.C
Time can be calculated considering that Thiruvalluvar was born
31 years before Christ
Sangam literatures, what we got now are Ettuthogai and
Pathupattu
Poem in these literature were written by Kapilar, Paranar,
Avvayyar, Nakkeerar
Tamil which is adoptive to grammatical norms and is called
Senthamizh.
Tamil a classical language, because it had developed without
the help of other languages.
The Three Tamil kingdoms
The Pandyas
The Chera
The Chola
The Pandyas
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
The famous Chera kings were
Sillambu Pugazh
Imayavaramban Neduncheralathan
Karika
Peruvallathan
Killivalavan
Famous kings of the medieval period
Rajaraja Chola
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
RISE OF KINGDOMS
Mahajanapadas
At the end of the Vedic period, the Janapadas fought with each
other for the new fertile lands and mineral wealth and for the
same reason they tried to move towards the east. Because of
this, they had clashes with the nonAryans who came from the
east and south of the Indus Valley. Ultimately, the small
Janapadas either defeated or joined themselves with the
Mahajanapadas.
Many Janapadas joined to form the Mahajanapadas. They
depended more on the types of lands than on the clans. There
are sources to prove that during the period of Buddha there
were 16 powerful Mahajanapadas in North India. Some of them
were ruled by hereditary kings. The rest were ruled by elected
kings.
There were 18 groups together in the Vajjian confederacy which
had Vaishali as their capital.
Kosala, Avanti, Vatsa and Magadha were some of the powerful
monarchies of this period. They fought with each other and
other republics.Ultimately, Magadha defeated others and
became the most powerful Mahajanapada
Name of Mahajanapadas
Anga
Magadha
Kosala
Kas
Vajji
Malla
Ked
Vatsa
Kuru
Panchal
Matsy
Surasena
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Surasena
Avanti
Gandhara
Kamboja
Rise of Magadha
Bimbisara - Ajatasatru
Sisunaga-Mahapadma Nanda
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
MAURYAN EMPIRE
Chandragupta Maurya
Ashoka
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Ashoka's contribution to art and architecture
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Mauryan Administration:
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
KUSHANA EMPIRE
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
Prominent Personalities in Kanishka's Empire
Ashvaghosha
A famous physician
Ajilasim
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
THE GUPTA EMPIRE
After the Kushans the next empire to arise in north India was
that of theGuptas with Pataliputra as its capital.
The Allahabad inscription describes the conquests and the
victories of Samudragupta who succeeded Chandragupta I.
Gupta Empire extended from Bengal to Indus, the Himalayas
to Vindhyas.
Allahabad inscription describes that he conquered
o 9 North Indian king
o 11 Republicans
o 12 South Indian kings
Chandragupta II (AD 380 – 414)
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ANCIENT INDIAN HISTORY
The Chinese traveller Fahien visited the Buddhist pilgrim
centres during the period of Chandragupta II. (Vikramaditya)
HARSHA DYNASTY
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