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Abstract. In the Philippines, waste management has become a major problem. It can be
observed in most of the barangays in every municipality and it is because of the lenient or
mild implementation of proper waste disposal and of course, the lack of self-discipline of
every individual. The lack of resources, especially when it comes to advanced technologies,
greatly affects the support in waste management activities. With this context, the researcher
conducted an environmental assessment in the Barangay Caniogan, City of Malolos,
Bulacan which is populated with 6,220 people. In the said barangay, garbage disposal and
segregation of wastes are the two main problems. The researcher used a random sampling
to 80 respondents from different households. Based on the gathered data by the researcher,
it is evident that the lack of knowledge regarding solid waste management and proper waste
disposal greatly affects the environment. It is recommended that more seminars or activities
must be conducted by the barangay officials regarding environmental topics to solve
environmental issues and problems. It is also recommended that barangay officials must
find a different location of the waste disposal area because it is presently located beside a
creek that causes some of the garbages falling into the waters that causes water pollution.
In the Philippines, waste management has become a The significant increase of waste generated in urban
major problem. It can be observed in most of the cities were caused by the rapid population growth,
barangays in every municipality and it is because of urbanization, and modernization in the country and
the lenient or mild implementation of proper waste this condition has resulted to both environmental and
disposal and of course, the lack of self-discipline of health problems because of the inability of both local
every individual. The lack of resources, especially and national governments in implementing proper
when it comes to advanced technologies, greatly waste management due to lack of financial, human
affects the support in waste management activities. and technical resources (Kojima and Michida, 2011).
According to Aldrin Plaza in a report of Inquirer, With this context, the researcher conducted an
there were about 35,000 tons of municipal solid environmental assessment in the Barangay Caniogan,
wastes generated by the Philippines daily, and more City of Malolos, Bulacan. The said barangay is
than 8,600 tons per day in Metro Manila alone. Plaza populated with 6,220 people consisting of all ages
gave it a point that the 2000 Ecological Solid Waste and different statuses in the community.
Management Act had been given efforts to address
the challenge. Through the use of knowledge in Environmental
Engineering, this study has been possible.
In waste management of every barangay or Environmental Engineering, as defined by
municipality, one of the main components is the solid ScienceDaily, is the application of science and
waste. Mishra et al. (2014) stated that solid waste is engineering principles to improve the environment
(air, water, and/or land resources), to provide
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healthful water, air, and land for human habitation Figure 3 Back view of the garbage disposal site in
and for other organisms, and to remediate polluted Brgy. Caniogan
sites. Though the barangay has its own garbage disposal
site, it is evident that there is no proper waste
1.1 Problem Statement segregation. This lack of action contributes to the
stress experienced by the municipal garbage
The Philippines is still facing major problems in collectors.
garbage disposal despite the passage of the
Ecological Solid Waste Management Act or the RA It can also be seen in figure 4 that the wastes fall
9003. This law has provisions for the solid waste down to the creek which also contributes to the water
reduction and the avoidance through methods like pollution. The officials are aware of this issue but are
recycling and composting. The lack of action in planning to relocate the site because the said site is
garbage contributes to the negative effects privately owned.
experienced not just by the environment but mainly
by people. The mismanagement of wastes has serious Through the interview conducted by the researcher to
environmental consequences like ground and water the incumbent barangay chairwoman, it is known that
contamination, flooding, air pollution, and the spread every household has waste segregation and the
of diseases. garbage is collected almost every day. Though there
is a proper collection of waste in every household,
In Barangay Caniogan, these problems are not new. the wastes which are disposed in the garbage site are
Instead these problems presently exist in the not properly segregated.
community.
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the environmental issues which are commonly
neglected by every local government units. This Valkenburg et al. (2008), as also cited by Nery et al.
study will help them to desire in achieving a cleaner (2015), stated that waste is generated by and from
barangay. different sectors like domestic, commercial,
The people living in Brgy. Caniogan. The people Industrial and others. The wastes from these sources
would have awareness with the environmental are highly heterogeneous in nature and have variable
problems their barangay is facing. And with this physical characteristics and the heterogeneity of the
awareness, the people would have a deeper concern generated waste is a major setback in its utilization as
in helping the whole community through a raw material.
environmental activities. This awareness and concern
would lead to a healthier environment. In the study conducted by Gador (2009) in 72
The environment itself. The environment is the barangays and 78 micro, small, and medium
largest stakeholder of this study because a small enterprise/industries of the three districts of Davao
community can greatly affect the whole environment. City, the result of the survey used revealed that the
With the positive results in conducting this study, it top five (5) wastes generated were plastics, paper,
would be passed on to these different stakeholders. food and kitchen wastes, and metals. Also, less than 5
tons of organic and inorganic wastes were generated
1.4 Scope and Limitation weekly. In disposal treatment technologies,
segregation/sorting, dumping at dumpsites,
The study focused only on solid waste management composting, selling, reuse and recycling were used.
and proper waste disposal and the effects of these In overall analysis and conclusion, the technical,
activities in Barangay Caniogan, City of Malolos, financial, and organizational & management factors
Bulacan. The researcher conducted a random survey were involved in the solid waste management
to 80 respondents (at most 3 in every household) in practices in Davao City.
the barangay. This study is conducted during the 1st
semester of the academic year 2018-2019. The study of Moya (2013) in 1,740 key informants in
Catbalogan City, Samar showed that the average
resident waste generated per day was 0.66 kilogram
2. RELATED STUDIES and an estimated 77.24 tons of solid waste are
generated per day. The 69% of the waste composition
Shimada and Pagunsan (2012) stated in their study in the city were organic matter or composed of
that solid waste management tends to be more kitchen/food waste followed by plastics. It is
complex and costly which can aggravate the threat in recommended in the study that the local government
the environment and health of the human civilization of should seriously undertake material resource
globally. To attain sustainability in a more globalized recovery and recycling programs and that the local
society, comprehensive assessment over the issue is government unit should also provide technical
needed. facilities, intensive awareness campaign and strict
implementation of RA 9003 or the Ecological Solid
The Ecological Solid Waste Management Act, when Waste Management Act.
enacted, caused the higher education institutions
(CHED or the Commission on Higher Education)
and state universities and colleges (SUCs) to
incorporate ecological waste management in the 3. METHODOLOGY
school system (Gequinto, 2016). In the study
conducted by Gequinto, solid waste management 3.1 Conceptual Framework
practices are implemented to a great extent. Such The conceptual framework is shown in
practices include waste collection which got the figure 4.
highest composite mean. While waste recycling and
waste treatment obtained the lowest composite mean.
3.2 Data Collection and Sampling Method
According to Dela Corte (2005) cited by Nery et al.
(2015), the objectives of solid waste management are To meet the researcher’s objectives of the
to control, collect, utilize, process, and dispose solid study, a survey was created to determine if the
wasted in the most economical way consistent with citizens are aware of the environmental activities in
national legislations and ordinances. Municipal Solid the barangay and how they would rate the present
Waste is composed of both biodegradable and non- problems the barangay is facing.
biodegradable domestic wastes from households.
Such wastes include paper, plastic, scrap metals, Barangay Caniogan, City of Malolos,
organic and non-organic matter, glass, and rubber Bulacan has a total population of 6,220 as of
materials. Solid waste generation in the Philippines November 2018. The researcher used a random
especially in urban areas became alarming because of sampling to 80 respondents from different
the limited areas wherein this type of waste could be households (at most 3 from every household) to
safely disposed. answer the questionnaires.
3
4
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
START
Recommendations
Comparative Analysis The officials of Barangay
Caniogan must educate
well the citizens about
SWM
END
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BULACAN STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Malolos, Bulacan
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
1 2 3 4 5 Rating
DOCUMENTATION
The information
The information
Organization
of Materials
was very
The information The information The information was organized
organized and
collected was collected was was somewhat and contained in
contained in
not relevant. not organized. organized. recognizable
recognizable
sections.
sections.
The study The study
The study The study
Presentation of
communicates communicates
effectively ideas are well
The study is ideas ideas
communicates developed and
poorly written adequately. The adequately. The
ideas. The explained.
and confusing. study contains study contains
writing is Sentences and
Ideas are not some some
grammatically paragraphs are
communicated grammatical grammatical
correct, but grammatically
effectively. errors. Many errors. Some
some sections correct. Uses
sections lack sections lack
lack clarity. subheadings
clarity. clarity.
appropriately.
SUB-TOTAL
9
1 2 3 4 5 Rating
FEASIBILITY
The abstract is
The abstract has well organized
The abstract is
The abstract is The abstract an and has a tight
Abstract
somewhat
not appropriate lacks focus or organizational and cohesive
focused or has
to the contains major structure and the focus that is
minor drifts in
document. drifts in focus. focus is clear integrated
the focus.
throughout. throughout the
document.
Provides
Provides no inappropriate or Provides few appropriate
adequate
assumption to insufficient assumptions to assumptions to
assumptions to
support position assumptions to support position support
support position
support position position.
Identifies
The
appropriate
methodologies Identifies
methodologies
described are appropriate
The and research Identifies
Methodology
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1 2 3 4 5 Rating
Provides a
Adequately
The integration sophisticated
integrates the
of the findings integration of
findings within
within the the findings
the extant
Integration and Analysis
The integration extant literature within the
literature.
No integration of the findings is complete but extant literature.
Addresses how
of the findings within the not convincing Clarifies how
the findings
within the extant literature enough to prove the findings
prove the
extant literature. is superficial or the feasibility of prove the
feasibility of the
Fails to attend incomplete to the study. feasibility of the
study. Attends
to issues of prove the Poorly justifies study. Addresses
to issues of
feasibility. feasibility of the the strengths, strengths,
strengths,
study. weaknesses, and weaknesses, and
weaknesses, and
limitations of limitations of
limitations of
the current the current
the current
study. study accurately
study.
and insightfully.
The manuscript
References and Citations
has several
instances of Properly cited.
Properly and
improper use of May have a few
The manuscript The manuscript explicitly cited.
citations. instances in
has no lacks proper Reference list
Contains several which proper
citations. citations. matches
statements citations are
citations
without missing.
appropriately
citing.
SUB-TOTAL
TOTAL
Evaluated By:
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