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9. Hydraulic Circuit Design & Analysis

Description of the operation of hydraulic circuits
drawn using graphical symbols for all components
speeds
d andd load-carrying
l d i capacities
i i off regenerative
i cylinders
li d
mechanical-hydraulic servo systems

Troubleshoot hydraulic circuits

to determine causes of malfunctions

Analysis of hydraulic circuits

to evaluate the safety of operation
to perform a desired function
including the effects of frictional losses
the speed control of hydraulic cylinders

Fluid Power Symbols

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유압 시스템 기본 구성

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9.1 Introduction

Hydraulic circuit
a group of components such as pumps, actuators, control
valves, and conductors arranged so that will perform a useful
task

Three important considerations

Safetyy of operation
p
Performance of desired function
Efficiency of operation

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유압 회로도

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Hydraulic Circuit of Hydrostatic Transmission

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Control of Hydraulic Cylinders

Control of single acting Control of double acting
hydraulic cylinder hydraulic cylinder

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Regenerative Cylinder Circuit

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Regenerative Cylinder
Cylinder extending speed Ratio of extending &
retracting speeds
QT = QP + QR
QP
vPret =
QP = QT − QR AP − Ar
= AP vPext − ( AP − Ar )vPext vPext QP / Ar
=
QP vPret QP /( AP − Ar )
vPext =
Ar AP − Ar
=
Ar
Load-carrying capacity during vPext AP
extension = −1
vPret Ar
Floadext = pAr

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Drilling Machine Application

The spring-centered
position gives rapid
spindle advance
(extension)
The left envelope mode
gives slow feed
(extension) when the
drill starts to cut into the
workpiece
The right envelope
mode retracts the piston

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Pump-unloading Circuit

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Double-pump Hydraulic System

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Counterbalance Valve Application

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Hydraulic Cylinder Sequence Circuit

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Automatic Cylinder Reciprocating System

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Locked Cylinder using Pilot Check Valves

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Cylinder Synchronizing Circuits

™ Cylinder Connected in Parallel

™ Cylinder Connected in Series

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Analysis of Cylinders hooked in Series

continuity equation
Qout ( cyly 1)) = Qin ( cyly 2))
( Aeff v)cyl1 = ( Aeff v)cyl 2
( AP1 − AR1 )v1 = AP2 v2
for synchronization ( v1 = v2)
AP1 − AR1 = AP2
summing force on cylinder 1
p1 AP1 − p2 ( AP1 − AR1 ) = F1
summing force on cylinder 2
p2 AP2 − p3 ( AP2 − AR2 ) = F2

desired result
p1 AP1 = F1 + F2
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Fail-Safe Circuits

™ Fail-safe circuit

™ Fail-safe circuit with overload

protection
p

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Two-Handed Safety Circuit

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Meter-in Speed Control of Hydraulic Cylinder

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Meter-out Speed Control of Hydraulic Cylinder

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Analysis of Extending Speed Control

flow-rate to the cylinder

Qcyly = Q pump
p p − QPRV

flow-rate through the flow control valve (FCV)

Δp p1 − p2
QFCV = Cv = Cv
SG SG
pressure p2
p2 Apiston = Fload p2 = Fload / Apiston
extending speed of the cylinder
vcyl = Qcyl / Apiston = QFCV / Apiston

Cv pPRV − Fload / Apiston

vcyl =
Apiston SG

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Speed Control of Hydraulic Motor

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Hydraulic Motor Braking System

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Closed-circuit One-direction HST

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Closed-circuit Reversible-direction HST

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Air-over-oil Circuit

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Example: Analysis of Hydraulic System

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Mechanical-hydraulic Servo System

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9.A Fluid Power Symbols

Line & Line Functions

Pumps
Motors
Cylinders

Miscellaneous Units

Basic Valve Symbols

Valve Examples

Methods of Operation
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Lines & Line Functions

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Pumps, Motors & Cylinders

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Miscellaneous Units

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Basic Valve Symbols

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Valve Examples

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Methods of Operation

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㉿ 한국공업규격

유압용어: KS B 0119

유압.공기압 도면 기호: KS B 0054

Report #9
KS 유공압관련 규격 찾아 볼 것

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Report

Text Problems
9-16
9-28
9-45

Due date: 2주후

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