RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

1. A device launches or receives a wave in a b. Dish antenna glass tube for an active medium, dye is
transmission line or waveguide in one c. Zepp antenna circulated into the tube with a pump. A
direction only. d. Helical antenna powerful pulse of light excites the organic
a. Cross-field tube dye.
6. The type of radio wave responsible for long
b. Directional coupler distance communications by multiple skips a. Solid laser
c. Linear-beam tube is the b. Gas laser
d. Slow-wave structure a. Direct wave c. Liquid laser
2. A type of linear-beam microwave tube that b. Sky wave d. Semiconductor laser
uses velocity modulation of the electron c. Ground wave 11. ___ means that the characteristics and
beam. d. Surface wave performance of an antenna are the same
a. Buncher whether the antenna is radiating or
7. Line of sight communications is not a factor
b. Gunn device intercepting an electromagnetic signal.
in which frequency range?
c. Catcher a. Antenna reciprocity
a. VHF
d. Klystron b. Antenna grounding
b. UHF
3. A line of sight radio link operating at a c. Antenna polarization
c. HF
frequency of 6 GHz has a separation of 50 d. None of the above
d. Microwaves
km between antennas. An obstacle in the 12. Calculate the gain (relative to an isotropic)
8. It is often defined as the loss incurred by an
path is located 20 km from the transmitting of a parabolic antenna that has a diameter
electromagnetic wave as it propagates in a
antenna. By how much must the beam clear of 3 m, an efficiency of 60% and operates at
straight line through a vacuum with no
the obstacle? a frequency of 4 GHz.
absorption or reflection of energy from
a. 24.47 meters nearby objects. a. 39.8 dBi
b. 24.47 kilometers a. Transmission loss b. -18.1 dBi
c. 14.67 meters b. Atmospheric loss c. 75.3 dBi
d. 14.67 kilometers c. Free space loss d. -43.8 dBi
4. Variation in received field strength over time d. Spreading loss 13. A dipole antenna has a radiation resistance
due to changes in propagation conditions. of 67 ohms and a loss resistance of 5 ohms,
9. A type of microwave protection system
a. Fading measured at the feed point. Calculate the
where each working channel has a dedicated
b. Fade margin efficiency.
back up or space channel.
c. Diversity a. 90%
a. Diversity
d. Fresnel zones b. 93%
b. Space diversity
5. Which of the following antenna types is not c. 92%
c. Hybrid diversity
designed for transmitting at 10 GHz? d. 94%
d. Hot standby
a. Horn antenna 14. An antenna’s beamwidth is measured __
10. A laser that uses organic dyes enclosed in a
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

a. Between half-power points __ d. Marconi antenna

b. From front to back a. Bidirectional 24. A stacked collinear antenna consisting of
c. Between the minor sidelobes b. unidirectional half wave dipoles spaced from one another
d. From +90 to -90 degrees c. Omnidirectional by one-half wavelengths is the _.
15. “ground effects” refers to the effects on an d. Unilateral a. End-fire antenna
antenna’s radiation pattern caused by: 20. The ability of an antenna to send or receive b. Parasitic antenna
a. Radio signals reflecting off the signals over a narrow horizontal directional c. Wide bandwidth antenna
ground range is referred to as: d. Broadside antenna
b. Buildings and other structures on a. Focal factor 25. When the characteristic impedance of the
the ground b. Directivity transmission line matched the impedance of
c. Fading c. Permittivity the transmitter and the impedance of the
d. Faulty connection of the feed cable d. Horizontal range antenna itself
ground 21. A basic antenna connected to a transmission a. The SWR will be 10:1
16. An antenna can be matched to a feed line line plus one or more additional conductors b. Minimum power will take place
using that are not connected to the transmission c. The SWR will be 1:10
a. A shorted stub line form a: d. Maximum power will take place
b. An LC network a. Parasitic antenna 26. A one-quarter wavelength of coaxial or
c. A loading coil b. Bidirectional array balanced transmission line of specific
d. All of the above c. Half-wave antenna impedance connected between a load and a
17. As the length of a “long-wire” antenna is d. Counterpoise source in order to match impedance is:
increased, ___. 22. An antenna made up of a driven element a. A balun
a. The number of lobes increases and one or more parasitic elements is b. An autotransformer
b. The efficiency decreases generally referred to as a ___. c. A Q section
c. The number of nodes decreases a. Hertz antenna d. None of the above
d. None of the above b. Marconi antenna 27. By how much should two antennas be
18. It is the receiving antenna with a built-in c. Yagi antenna separated for space diversity in the 15 GHz
preamplifier d. Collinear antenna band?
a. Passive antenna 23. Which antennas usually consist of two or a. 4m
b. Active antenna more half-wave dipoles mounted end to b. 5 m
c. Coil antenna end? c. 6m
d. LC antenna a. Yagi antenna d. 7 m
19. Antennas that transmit an equal amount of b. Collinear antenna 28. How far from the transmitter could a signal
energy in the horizontal direction are called c. Hertz antenna be received if the transmitting and receiving
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

antennas are 40 m and 22 m, respectively, dimensions and the free space date is:
above level terrain. wavelengths a. Teledesic
a. 49.22 km c. Is inversely proportional to the b. Globalstar
b. 16.98 km phase velocity c. NAVSTAR
c. 45.22 m d. Is directly proportional to the group d. Iridium
d. 16.98 m velocity 37. A satellite-dish owner has a 3 meter dish
29. A signal propagates in a waveguide has a full 33. Geostationary satellites are located at ___ designed for C-Band (4 GHz) operation. The
wave of electric intensity change between with respect to the equator. owner wants to use the same dish with a
the two further walls, and no component of a. 0 deg latitude new feed horn, for Ku-Band 12 GHz)
the electric field in the direction of b. 45 deg latitude satellites. What effect will the change in
propagation, the mode of the waveguide is: c. 0 deg longitude frequency have on the gain and beamwidth
a. TE1,1 d. 45 deg longitude of the antenna?
b. TE1,0 34. The quality of a space-link is measured in a. Gain increases by 9.54 dB,
c. TE2,0 terms of ___ ratio. beamwidth decreases to 1.3 of its
d. TE2,1 a. S/N former value.
30. It is a microwave device that allows RF b. C/N b. Gain decreases by 9.54 dB,
energy to pass in one direction with very beamwidth decreases to 1.3 of its
c. G/T
little loss, but absorbs RF power in the former value.
d. EIRP
opposite direction. c. Gain increases by 9.54 dB,
35. Why does the downlink frequency appear to
a. Circulator beamwidth increases to 1.3 of its
vary by several kHz during a low earth orbit
former value.
b. Resonator satellite pass?
d. Gain increases by 9.54 dB,
c. Isolator a. The distance between the satellite
beamwidth increases to 1.3 of its
d. Wave trap and ground station is changing,
former value.
31. A metal wrapped around the parabolic causing the Kepler effect.
38. The moon orbits the earth with a period of
antenna aperture to eliminate sidelobes b. The distance between the satellite
approximately 28 days. How far away is it?
interfering nearby stations is called __. and ground station is changing,
Assume circular orbit.
a. Radome causing the Bernoulli effect.
a. 380 Mm
b. Shroud c. The distance between the satellite
b. 382 Mm
c. Shield and ground station is changing,
causing the Boyle’s law effect. c. 384 Mm
d. Bass drum
d. The distance between the satellite d. 386 Mm
32. The wavelength of a wave in a waveguide
and ground station is changing, 39. What is the length of the path to a
a. Is greater than in free space
causing the Doppler effect. geostationary satellite from an Earth station
b. Depends only on the waveguide if the angle of elevation is 30 degrees?
36. The most ambitious LEO constellation to
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

a. 6400 km which a refracted wave appears to have 49. An earth station look angle is determined
b. 36000 km been reflected. It is the maximum height by:
c. 39000 km that this hypothetical reflected wave would a. Azimuth and elevation
have reached. b. Latitude and longitude
d. 42400 km
a. Virtual height c. Bearing
40. What is the nominal uplink frequency for Ku
Band? b. Actual height d. True north
a. 14 MHz c. Average height 50. An ITU radiocommunications standard for
b. 12 MHz d. Mean height satellite services which provides information
c. 14 GHz 45. The height above mean sea level of a on the range of frequencies that can be used
satellite in a geosynchronous orbit around by fixed satellite service systems for
d. 12 GHz
Earth is: emergency and disaster relief operations.
41. To cover all inhabited regions of the earth,
a. 35,786 miles a. ITU-R M1854
the number of polar-orbit satellite required
is __. b. 35,768 miles b. ITU-R 2009
a. 1 c. 35,786 kilometers c. ITU-R S.1001-2
b. 2 d. 35,768 kilometers d. ITU R S.004
c. 3 46. A point in the orbit of an object orbiting the 51. The most common light used in fiber optic
earth that is located closest to Earth. link is __
d. 4
a. Apogee a. Red
42. What is the phase velocity of a rectangular
waveguide with a dimension of 6 cm by 4 b. Perigee b. Violet
cm, desired operating frequency of 6 GHz c. Perihelion c. Infrared
and operates in TE11 mode? (Erroneous) d. Sub-satellite orbit d. ultraviolet
a. 5.43x10^8 m/s 47. Find the velocity of a satellite in a circular 52. In the telecommunications industry, the
b. 6.02x10^8 m/s orbit 500 km above the earth’s surface. most commonly used fiber(s) is/are:
c. 3.31x10^8 m/s a. 7.61 km/s a. 50 micron
d. 4.69x10^8 m/s b. 7.61 m/s b. 62.5 micron
43. The highest frequency that can be used for c. 761 m/s c. 50 and 62.5 micron
skywave propagation between two specific d. 761 km/s d. 125 micron
points on earth’s surface. 48. The outline of a communications satellite 53. The abrupt change in refractive index from
a. Critical frequency antenna pattern on the earth is known as: core to cladding of fiber optic cable is called
b. Cut-off frequency a. Beam the:
c. Maximum usable frequency b. Spot a. Total internal reflection
d. Mid frequency c. Propagation pattern b. Numerical aperture
44. It is the height above Earth’s surface from d. Footprint c. Dispersion
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

d. Step index c. Quanta curved wavefronts.

54. A technique that is used to minimize pulse d. Light a. Splicing
dispersion effect is: 59. Which of the following Ethernet fiber optic b. Zoning
a. Use a higher frequency light source standards uses synchronous, centralized c. Curving
b. Use plastic cladding clock? d. Polarizing
c. Minimize the core diameter a. 10Base-FL (Link) 64. An optic fiber is made of glass with a
d. All of the above b. 10Base-FP (Passive) refractive index of 1.55 and is clad with
55. Light detectors are devices used to sense c. 10Base-FB (backbone) another glass with a refractive index of 1.51.
light energy in fiber optic communication d. All of the above Launching takes place from air. What
receivers. Which is not an important 60. It is a layer of plastic that surrounds a fiber numerical aperture does the fiber have?
characteristic of a light detector? or group of fiber. a. 0.132
a. Responsivity a. Buffer tube b. 0.352
b. Dark current b. Bulk head c. 0.032
c. Power consumption c. Cladding d. 0.475
d. Response speed d. jacket 65. For an optical fiber 10 km long with a pulse-
56. The dispersion of light in fiber-optic cable 61. The angular separation between the two spreading constant of 5 ns/km, determine
caused by a portion of the light energy half-power points on the power density the maximum digital transmission rates for
travelling in the cladding is called ___. radiation patern. return-to-zero.
a. Modal dispersion a. Beamwidth a. 40 Mbps
b. Material dispersion b. Bandwidth b. 30 Mbps
c. Waveguide dispersion c. Azimuth c. 20 Mbps
d. Cable dispersion d. Footprint d. 10 Mbps
57. Which of the following considerations is 62. Refers to the direction in space of electric 66. In fiber optics, it is a measure of the
important when deciding between using a vector of the electromagnetic wave radiated conversion efficiency of a photodetector. It
diode laser or an LED? from an antenna and is parallel ot the is the ratio of the output current of a
a. Response time antenna itself. photodiode to the input optical power and
has the unit of amperes per watt.
b. Power level a. Propagation
a. Responsivity
c. Temperature sensitivity b. Coordination
b. Dark current
d. Failure characteristics c. Azimuth
c. Spectral response
58. The light energy that is always emitted or d. Polarization
absorbed in discrete units is called: d. Light sensitivity
63. This is often used to cure the problem of
a. Light ray great thickness required of lensesused at 67. A phenomenon also called stress corriosion
lower microwave frequencies or for strong resulting if the glass fiber is exposed to long
b. Boson
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periods of high humidity. a. 21 meters 36,000 km apart. Suppose Jim calls Stifler at
a. Scattering loss b. 42 meters 8:00 am. Stifler immediately answers back.
b. Absorption c. 63 meters How much time has elapsed before Jim
c. Dispersion hears back the beginning of Stifler’s reply, as
d. 84 meters
heard by Stifler?
d. Static fatigue 72. A radome protecting a microwave
a. 0.48 sec
68. The theory which states that when visible transmitting antenna has a relative
light or high-frequency electromagnetic permittivity of 4, and is designed as a half- b. 0.12 sec
radiation illuminates a metallic surface, wavelength relfectionless slab at operating c. 0.36 sec
electrons are emitted. frequency of 10 GHz. Determine its d. 0.24 sec
a. Photoelectric effect thickness. 76. A receiving antenna with a gain of 45 dBi
b. Planck’s law a. 0.5 cm looks at a sky with a noise temperature of
c. Photoemission effect b. 0.75 cm 28 K. the loss between the antenna and the
c. 0.377 cm LNA input, due to the feedhorn, is 0.9 dB,
d. Rayleigh theory of light
and the LNA has a noise temperature of 40
69. The science of measuring only light waves d. 0.577 cm
K. calculate G/T.
that are visible to the human eye. 73. A satellite transmitter operates at a 6 GHz
a. 23.42 dB
a. Radiometry with a transmitter power of 9 watt and an
antenna gain of 45 dBi. The receiver has b. 20.62 dB
b. Optometry
antenna gain of 30 dBi, and the path length c. 26.02 dB
c. Optics
is 35,000 km. calculate the signal strength at d. 28.51 dB
d. Photometry
the receiver. 77. What is the gain of a pyramidal horn in dB,
70. A phenomenon in optical fibers
a. -88 dBm with width and height of 15 cm and 12 cm,
communication system that is caused by the
b. -94 dBm respectively with an operating frequency of
difference in the propagation times of light
c. -84 dBm 11.7 GHz.
rays that take different paths down the
d. -98 dBm a. 172.02 dB
fiber.
74. Calculate the angle of declination for an b. 44.7 dB
a. Pulse spreading
antenna using a polar mount at latitude of c. 22.35 dB
b. Wavelength distortion
75 degrees. d. 19.25 dB
c. Rayleigh scattering
a. 8.62 deg 78. A wide area blackout of HF radio
d. Microbending
b. 2.61 deg communication as well as loss of radio
71. Determine the fourth Fresnel radius of a
c. 4.22 deg contact for about an hour on the sunlit side
microwave link having a transmitter-
of earth.
receiver distance of 50 km, operating at a d. 6.81 deg
a. R1
frequency of 7 GHz. An obstruction is found 75. Telephone communication takes place
15 km from the transmitting station. between two earth stations via satellite b. R2
c. R3
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

d. R4 to a splice is about: stripline is that microstrip:

79. Irises are metallic plates used to match a. 0.02 dB a. Does not readily lend itself to
waveguide impedances. When irises are b. 0.2 dB printed circuit techniques
placed along the walls of a waveguide it acts c. 1 dB b. Is more likely to radiate
as __. d. 3 dB c. Is bulkier
a. Capacitive 84. An exclusive meteorological satellite d. Is more expensive and complex to
b. Inductive launched by Indian Satellite system. It is manufacture
c. LC resonant circuit located at 74 degree East longitude. 89. In fiber optics, the SONET channel with
d. Both B and C a. KALPANA-1 capacity sending up to 40 Gbps.
80. A single-mode fiber is made with core b. INSAT-2E a. OC-48
diameter of 12 micrometers and is coupled c. EDUSAT b. OC-768
to a light source with a wavelength of 1.40 d. SHIVA c. OC-214
micrometers. Its core glass has a refractive 85. If light leaves a material of refractive index d. OC-1
index of 1.55. Determine the cladding index 1.75 and crosses an abrupt boundary into a 90. The orbital inclination of ISS is:
required for producing single-mode material of refractive index 1.20, the fresnel a. 56.1 degrees
propagation. loss would be: b. 65.1 degrees
a. 1.547 a. 0.346 dB c. 61.5 degrees
b. 2.394 b. 0.149 dB d. 51.6 degrees
c. 1.475 c. 0.613 dB 91. The process of adjusting the orbit of a
d. 2.439 d. 0.153 dB geostationary satellite so that it appears to
81. Radio waves were first predicted 86. A white fiber with a black tracer is most remain stationary above a point on earth.
mathematically by: likely to be fiber number: a. Station keeping
a. Armstrong a. 18 b. Station hunting
b. Hertz b. 16 c. Station kicking
c. Maxwell c. 12 d. None of the above
d. Marconi d. 14 92. A typical value for the spectral width of a
82. The power per transponder of a typical Ku- 87. The temperature range for fiber operation, laser is:
band satellite is in the range: range typically a. 1310 nm
a. 5 to 25 watts a. 0 to 60 degree Celsius b. 850 nm
b. 50 to 250 watts b. -30 to +70 degree Celsius c. 3 nm
c. 500 to 2500 watts c. -40 to +80 degree Celsius d. 62.5 nm
d. Depends on its orbit d. -100 to +100 degree Celsius 93. A range of microwave frequencies more
83. The loss in single-mode fiber-optic cable due 88. A disadvantage of microstrip compared with easily passed by the atmosphere than the
RES EST 2 wavepro, uwave, satcomm, fiberoptic

others is called a ___ 98. The TWT is sometimes preferred to the

a. Window multicavity klystron amplifier because it
b. Critical frequency a. Is more efficient
c. Gyro frequency range b. Has a greater bandwidth
d. Resonance in the atmosphere c. Has a higher number of modes
94. An acronym for short range navigation, a d. Produces a higher output power
type of electronic navigation and bombing 99. A ray of light in a transparent material of
system with a precision radar beacon used refractive index 1.5 is approaching a
in the B-26 and B-29 bomber aircraft during material with a refractive index of 1.48. At
the Korean war. the boundary, the critical angle is:
a. LORAN a. 90 degrees
b. LORAN D b. 9.4 degrees
c. SHORAN c. 75.2 degrees
d. SHORAN D d. 80.6 degrees
95. The bending radius during installation for a 100. In fusion splicing of the fibers, the arc that
lightweight fiber cable. occurs between the two electrodes is about
a. 70 mm ___ with an adjustable current up to ___.
b. 175 mm a. 7,000 volts 25 mA
c. 350 mm b. 10,000 volts 125 mA
d. 500 mm c. 1,000 volts 251 mA
96. In radio navigation, what is known in Russia d. 70,000 125 mA
as the counterpart of the LORAN-C US
navigation system?
a. Omega
b. Chayka
c. Alpha
d. Decca
97. What is the effective earth’s radius when
Ns=300?
a. 8500 km
b. 6370 km
c. 7270km
d. 7950 km