Learning Outcome

Students are able to:

Chapter 5: Internet 1. discover the history of internet and the
way internet works(C3)
2. classify nine types of Web sites(C3, LL)
3. discover other internet services and
netiquette (C3,LL)

Overview The Internet

• What are some services found on the
• History of the Internet Internet?
• World Wide Web
• Other Internet services
• Netiquette

History of the Internet History of the Internet

How did the Internet originate? How has the Internet grown?
ARPANET
Networking project
by Pentagon’s
Advanced Research
Goal: Goal:
Projects Agency
To allow scientists To function if 1984
(ARPA)
at different part of network
locations to share
More than 1,000 host nodes
were disabled
information
Became 1969
functional Four host nodes
September 1969

p. 69 Next p. 69 Next

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 History of the Internet How the Internet Works
Who controls the Internet? How can you connect to the Internet?
 No one — it is a public, cooperative, and
c c

independent network Slow-speed High-speed

 Several organizations set standards technology connection
Dial-up access DSL, cable modem,
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) modem in your
fixed wireless, Wi-Fi,
computer uses a
and satellite modems
 Oversees research, sets standards and guidelines standard telephone line
to connect to the Internet
 Mission is to contribute to the growth of the Web
Connection must be established Connection is always on—
 Nearly 400 organizations around the world are each time you log on. whenever the computer
is running
members of the W3C

p. 70 Next p. 70 Next

How the Internet Works How the Internet Works

What are ways to access the Internet? How might data travel the Internet using a
1. ISP, Regional cable modem connection?
or National
2. OSP (AOL and
MSN, for example)
3. Wireless Internet
Service Provider

How the Internet Works The World Wide Web

What is a domain name? What is the World Wide Web (WWW)?
 Text version of Internet protocol (IP) address
 Number that uniquely identifies
each computer or device A worldwide collection of electronic documents
connected to Internet
Also called the Web

Each electronic document is called a Web page

Can contain text, graphics, audio, video, and built-in connections

A Web site is a collection of related Web pages

p. 73 - 74 Figs. 2-4 – 2-5 Next

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 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What is a Web browser? How does a Web browser display a home
 Program that allows you to view Web pages page?
Microsoft Step 2.
Web browser
Internet Firefox Netscape looks up the home
page setting
Explorer

Step 3.
The Web browser
communicates with the
Step 1. access provider’s
Click the Web browser server to retrieve the
Step 4. IP address. The IP
program name
The home page address is sent to your
displays in the Web
Opera Safari browser
computer.

p. 75 Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is a home page? How do handheld computers and cellular
 The first page that a Web site displays telephones access the Web?
 Often provides connections to other Web pages
 Use a microbrowser
that displays Web
pages that contain
mostly text
 Must be Internet-
enabled

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is downloading? What is a URL?
 The process of a computer receiving information Unique address for a
 Depending upon connection speed, downloading can Web page
take from a few seconds to several minutes A web server delivers the Web page
to your computer

Next

3
 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What is a hyperlink (link)? How can you recognize links?
 Built-in connection to another related  Pointer changes to a small hand
Web page location when you point to
 Item found elsewhere a link
on same Web page
 A link can be text
 Different Web page
at same Web site or an image
 Web page at a different  Text links are
Web site
usually underlined
and in a different
color

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is a subject directory? What is a search
 Search tool with organized set of categories and engine?
Program used to find
subcategories Web sites and Web
 Lets you find information by clicking links rather than pages by entering
entering keywords words or phrases
called search text
 Also called a keyword

p. 78 – 80 Fig. 2-10 Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is a hit? What are the twelve basic types of Web
 Any Web site name that is listed as the result of a search sites?

Business/
Portal News Informational Educational Entertainment
Marketing

Social Content
Advocacy Blog Wiki Personal
Network Aggregator

ext

4
 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What is a portal? What is a news Web site?
 A Web site that offers a variety of services from one,  Contains newsworthy material
convenient location, usually for free  Stories and articles relating to current events, life,
 Searching, sports, e-mail, money, sports, and the weather
news, weather, auctions,
online communities
(Web sites that join
people with similar
interests)

Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is an informational Web site? What is a business/marketing Web site?
 Contains factual information  Contains content that promotes products or services
 Created by organizations and government agencies  Allows you to purchase products or services online

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is an educational Web site? What is an entertainment Web site?
 Offers avenues for formal and informal teaching  Offers an interactive and engaging environment
and learning featuring music, video, sports, games, and more
 Learn how airplanes
fly or how to cook a
meal
 Some colleges offer
online classes and
degrees

5
 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What is an advocacy Web site? What is a blog?
 Contains content that describes a cause, opinion,  Uses a regularly updated journal format to reflect the
or idea interests, opinions, and personalities of the author and
sometimes site visitors
 vlogs, blogospheres, and vlogospheres

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is a wiki? What is an online social network?
 Collaborative Web site that allows users to create, add  Encourages members to share their interests, ideas,
to, modify, or delete the Web site content via their Web stories, photos, music, and photos
browser  Media sharing Web site

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is a content aggregator?
 Business that gathers and organizes Web content and
then distributes, or feeds, the content to subscribers for
free or a fee
What is a personal Web site?
 Web page maintained by private individual or family
 Reasons: sharing life experience with the world
or job hunting

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 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What are the guidelines for evaluating the What is multimedia?
value of a Web site?  Application combining text with other media elements
 Graphics
 Animation
 Audio
Affiliation Audience Authority Content  Video
 Virtual reality
 Plug-Ins

Currency Design Objectivity

p. 84 Fig. 2-15 Next p. 85 Fig. 2-16 Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What graphics formats are used on the Web? What is a thumbnail?
 Small version of a larger
graphic —used toc

improve Web page display

BMP
GIF JPEG time
(pronounced JIFF) (pronounced JAY-peg)
 Usually click
on thumbnail to
PNG display larger
TIFF
(pronounced ping) graphic

Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is audio?
What is animation?  Music, speech, or any other sound
 Appearance of motion created by displaying a  Individual compressed sound files
series of still images in sequence that you download from the Web to
your computer
 Common Web audio file formats are
AAC, AIFF, ASF, MP3, WAV, WMA,
RA, and QT
 Once downloaded, you can play
(listen to) the contents of the files
 A podcast is recorded audio, usually an
MP3 file, stored on a Web site that can be
downloaded to a computer or a portable
media player

p. 86 - 87 Fig. 2-20 Next

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 The World Wide Web The World Wide Web
What is streaming What is video?
audio?  Consists of full-motion images, most with sound, that
are played back at various speeds
 MPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group)
The process of Enables you to is popular video compression
transferring audio listen to music
in a continuous as it downloads standard
and even flow to your computer

p. 86 Next

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What is virtual reality (VR)?
 Use of computers to simulate real or imagined
environment
 Appears as a three dimensional (3-D) space
 Used for games and many
practical applications

The World Wide Web The World Wide Web

What are plug-ins? What is Web publishing?
 Programs that  Development and maintenance of Web pages
extend the
Step 2.
capability of Step 1. Analyze and
design the
a browser Plan the
Web site
Web site
 You can Step 3.
download many Create the
Web site
plug-ins at no
cost from various
Web sites Step 5. Step 4.
Maintain Deploy the
the Web site Web site

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 E-Commerce Other Internet Services
What is E-commerce? What is E-mail?
 Short for electronic commerce  Short for electronic mail
 Business transaction that occurs over  The transmission of messages and files via a computer
the Internet network
 Messages can consist of simple text or can contain attachments,
such as documents, graphics, or audio/video clips
Business to consumer (B2C)  Internet access providers usually provide an e-mail program
Sale of goods to general public
 Some Web sites—such as MSN Hotmail and Yahoo!—provide
free e-mail services
Consumer to consumer (C2C)
One consumer sells directly to another  One of the original services on the Internet
Business to business (B2B)
Business providing goods and
services to other businesses

p. 91 - 92 Fig. 2-25 Next

Other Internet Services Other Internet Services

How do you send an e-mail message? What is an e-mail address?
 Unique name that consists of a user name and domain
name that identifies the user

p. 93 Fig. 2-26 Next

Other Internet Services Other Internet Services

How does an e-mail message travel?
Step 1. What is FTP?
Using e-mail
software, you
 File Transfer Protocol—Internet standard that allows
create and send
message
you to upload and download files with other computers
on the Internet
Step 2.
Your software Step 4.
contacts software When recipient uses
on your service e-mail software to check
provider’s for e-mail messages, the
outgoing mail message transfers from
server incoming mail server to
recipient’s computer
Step 3.
Software on outgoing mail server
determines best route for data and sends message, which
travels along Internet
routers to recipient’s incoming mail server

Next

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 Other Internet Services Other Internet Services
What are newsgroups and message boards? What is a mailing list?
 Newsgroup  Group of e-mail
 Online area where users discuss a particular subject names and addresses given a
 Message board single name
 Type of discussion group  When a message is sent
 Many Web sites use to the mailing list,
message boards
because they are
everyone on the list
easier to use receives the message
 To add your name to a mailing list
you must subscribe to it; to
remove your name you must
unsubscribe

Other Internet Services Other Internet Services

What is a chat? What is instant messaging (IM)?
 Real-time typed conversation  A real-time Internet communications service that notifies you when one
or more people are online and allows you to exchange messages or files
that takes place on a computer
 Chat room is location on
server that permits users
to discuss topics of interest

Next

Other Internet Services Netiquette

What is internet telephony? What is netiquette?
 Enables users to speak to other users over the Internet  Code of acceptable behaviors users should follow while
on the Internet

Golden Rule: Treat others as

you would like them to treat you.

p. 99 - 100 Fig. 2-34 Next p. 100 Next

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 Netiquette Netiquette
• Golden Rule • Golden Rule
 In email, newsgroups and chat rooms:  In email, newsgroups and chartrooms:
 Keep messages brief. Use proper grammar, spelling, and punctuations.  Use emoticons to express to express emotion. Popular emoticons
 :) smile :( Frown :| Indifference :o Surprised
 Be careful when using sarcasm and humor, as it might be
misinterpreted.
 Use abbreviations and acronyms for phrase
 Be polite. Avoid use offensive language. BTW by the way
 Read message before you sent. FYI for your information
 Use meaningful subject lines. TTFN ta ta for now
 Avoid sending/posting flames, which are abusive/insulting messages. TYVM thank you very much
 Avoid sending spam. Spam is an unsolicited e-mail message/newgroup
posting sent to many recipients/newsgroups at once.  Read FAQ (frequently asked questions), if one exists. Many newsgroups and
 Do not use capital letter, which equivalent of SHOUTING! Web Pages have an FAQ.
 Do not assume material is accurate or up-to-date. Be forgiving of other
mistakes.
 Never read someone’s private e-mail.

Summary of the Internet and World Wide Web

History and structure of the Internet Electronic commerce

The World Wide Web Other Internet services

Web Publishing Netiquette

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