Stability 1

Control Systems (Stability)
Stability
1. The characteristic equation of feedback control system is given as

s3 +(K +2)s2 +2Ks+10 = 0
The value of K such that the system is stable.
(a)K=1.44 (b) K=-3.44
(c) K=-2 (d) K=2
2. For the system shown here find K value such that the system will have oscillation in
response.
3. The feedback system is shown below
The value of K=5, then identify how many closed loop poles will have real part greater than
s=-1 is __________________.
4. Consider the characteristic equation of a system s3  6s2  7s  K  0 . The range of ‘K’ for
the stability of a system
(a) 0< K <6 (b) 0< K <20

(c) 0< K <42 (d) 0< K <56
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5. Poles of a closed loop transfer function are important because
(a) They give characteristic features of the closed loop system

(b) They decide the kind of reference input that can be applied
(c) They indicate the maximum value of the response
(d) None of the above
6. Consider the characteristic equation of a system s3  7s2  8s  k  0 , the value of ‘k’ to

obtain the sustained oscillation is ___________.
7. The characteristic equation for a feedback control system is s3  (K  0.5)s2  4sK  50  0
The condition for stability is
(a) K  3.8 (b) K  3.3
(c) K  0.5 (d) K  3.8
8. For the characteristic equation s5  s4  2s3  2s2  11s  10  0 The number of roots with
negative real part are____________.
9. For the system shown below, the frequency of oscillations is _____ rad/sec.
10. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is

K(s 1)
G(s)H(s)  The value of ‘K’ for which the closed loop pole of the system
s(s 4)(s 8)(s 64)
will be located at s = – 6 is _____.
s2  48s  14
11. The closed loop transfer function of a system is T(s)  .The
s5  2s4  3s3  6s2  2s  4
system is said to be
(a) Unstable with a pair of complex conjugate poles on imaginary axis
(b) Unstable with two pair of complex conjugate poles on imaginary axis
(c) Marginal stable with all poles on imaginary axis
(d) Marginal stable with a pair of complex conjugate poles on imaginary axis

50
12. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G(s)  .
s(1  sT)(1  0.5s)
The value of ‘T’ to drive the system on to the verge of instability is
(a) T < 1∕48 (b) T = −1∕2

(c) T > −1∕2 (d) T = 1∕48
K
13. For the system shown the condition for absolute stability is G(s) 
as3  bs2  cs  d  K
(a) a,b,c,d>0,K<0
(b) a,b,c,d>0 & bc-ad>0
(c) a,b,c,d>0 & bc-ad<0
(d) bc-ad>0
14. Characteristic equation of a system is given by s3  13s2  50s  56  0 compare the

time constant of the system with 1 sec
(a) less than 1sec (b) more than 1sec

(c) same as 1sec (d) cannot determine
15. How will stability of system behave if characteristic equation of a stable system is
s3  7s2  25s  39  0 with respect to   1 axis
(a) System stability does not change.

(b) System remains stable and stability increases.
(c) System remains stable, but stability decreases.
(d) System becomes unstable.
 1 1 2
 
16. The system matrix of a system is A   0 2 k  . The maximum value of k that
 0 1 3 
 
ensures stability of the system is ___________.
1 0 0 
 
17. A system has the system matrix A   1 0 2  . The number of poles in RHS is
 2 3 1 
 
__________.

18. For a closed loop system to be stable, which of these statements is correct for the first
column elements of Routh array formed from its characteristic equation.
(a) It should have either all positive signs or negative signs.

(b) Number of sign changes is equal to the number of roots which have negative real part.
(c) First column elements should only be positive, they must not be negative.
(d) First column elements should have only negative signs but should not have positive signs.
19. The impulse responses of four· different control systems are listed in the following
figures, match these figures with second set of figures which lists location of poles in the s-
plane.
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
(1) (2) (3)
(4) (5)

A B C D A B C D
(a) 2 3 5 4 (b) 1 2 3 4
(c) 4 5 3 1 (d) 1 3 5 4
20. The value of k at which one of the roots of the characteristic equation
s2

 2s  2  k  s  0.5 would lie at s=-1 is _________.
21. The limitation of Routh-Hurwitz criterion and Bode plot technique in determining the
system stability are respectively
(a) Exact location of roots cannot be found and cannot be used for all pass system.
(b) Exact location of roots cannot be found and cannot be used for minimum phase system.
(c) Exact location of roots can be found and cannot be used for non-minimum phase system.
(d) Exact location of roots cannot be found and cannot be used for non-minimum phase
systems.
22. Which of the following statements are correct for addition of zero to open loop transfer
function near imaginary axis?
(a) Root locus shift towards left (b) Stability increases

(c) System becomes less oscillatory (d) all are correct
23. Find out stability of system s3  8s2  3s  4  0
(a) Stable (b) Unstable

(c) Marginally stable (d) Can’t say
24. The number of roots on real axis for following characteristic equation s4  3s2  1  0
is______________.
25. If the value of Q=0 and P=1 then the system is of type __________.
(a) 3
(b) 5
(c) 2
(d) 1

e TS
26. The open loop transfer function of a system is G(S)  . The maximum value of T
S(S  10)
such that the closed loop system is stable is ____________(sec)
27. Stability of any system depends only on the location of
(a) Zeros (b) Poles and zeros

(c) Poles (d)None
K
28. The transfer function of a system is , the condition for absolute
a3S  a2S2  a1S  a0
3
stable is
(a) a3 ,a2 ,a1 ,a0  0 and a2a1  a3a0 >0 (b) a3 ,a0  0 and a3 ,a1  0
(c) a3 ,a2 ,a1 ,a0  0 and a2 ,a1  a3 ,a0  0 (d) a3 ,a2 ,a1 ,a0  0 and a2 ,a1  a3 ,a0  0
29. The zeroes of the characteristic equation is equal to

(a) Closed loop poles (b) Closed loop zeroes
(c) Open loop poles (d) None of these
30. The transfer function is having symmetric pole and zero about the imaginary axis, then
system is called
(a) Minimum phase (b) All pass
(c) Non-Minimum phase (d) None of these
k
31. The open loop transfer function of a system is G(s)H(s)  and 0  a  b . The
s(s a)(s b)
system is stable if
(a  b) ab
(a) 0  K  (b) 0  K 
ab (a  b)
a
(c) 0  K  ab(a b) (d) 0  K 
b(a b)
32. The necessary (but not sufficient) condition for stability of a linear system is that all the
coefficient of its characteristic equation 1  G(s)H(s)  0 , be real and have the
1. Positive sign.
2. Negative sign.
3. Same sign.
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) 3 (d) None of these

33. Routh Hurwitz criterion gives

1. Number of roots in the right half of the s-plane
2. Value of roots
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2

(c) 1 and 2 (d) None of these
34. The order of auxiliary polynomial is always.
(a) Even (b) Odd

(c) May be even or odd (d) None of these
1
35. If open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is G(s)  . The
s(s 3)(s 2)
intersection of root locus with j axis are
(a)  j2.45 (b)  j1.095
(c)  j3.6 (d) No intersection
36. The characteristic equation is s3  14s2  (45  k)s k  0 centroid is located at(-x, 0) then
the value of x is _________
37. The characteristic equation of a system is differential equation from is

x  (k  2)x  (2k  5) x  0 . The value of k for which the system is stable is –x>k>-y, then x+y
is equal to_____
1 0 0
 
38. If state matrix A   0 2 0  then the closed loop poles of a system having matrix A 1 is
0 0 3
 
1
(a) 1,2,3 (b) 1,2,
3
1 1
(c) 1, , (d) 1.4.9
2 3

39. If closed-loop transfer function poles shown below. Impulse response is?
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
40. For the characteristic equation s4  ks3  s2  s  1  0 , the range of k for stability is
(a) k>0 (b) k>1

(c) k<1 (d) None of these
41. The characteristic equation of a system is given below. Using routh's stability criterion
ke s
determine range of k for the system to be stable. 1  2 0
s(s  8 s 9)
(a) 0<k<23/2 (b) 0<k<9

(c) 0<k<8 (d) 0<k<4

42. The polynomial s3  s2  s  1 have ___________ roots with positive real parts.
43. A network has response with time as shown in figure below;
Which of the following diagram represent the location of the poles of this network?
(a) (b)
(c) (d)

Solutions
1. Ans: (d)
Solution:
C.E= s3 +(K +2)s2 +2Ks+10 = 0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 2k
S2 K+2 10
S1 2k(k + 2) - 10 0
k +2
S0 10
For stability sign of the 1st column of routh array should not change
K+2>0 = k>-2
-4 ± 16+80 -4 ± 96
And 2K2 +4K -10>0 , K= =
4 4
-4 + 96 -4 + 9.79
K= =  1.4475
4 4
-4 - 96 -4 - 9.79
and K = = =-3.4475
4 4
(K-1.44)(K+3.44)>0
The value which satisfy in equation is K=2
2. Ans: 6
Solution: The characteristic equation is s(s+1)(s+2)+K = 0
s3  3s2  2s  k  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 2
S2 3 K
S1 6 k 0
3
S0 k
For Oscillation
6 -K
=0
3
K = 6

3. Ans: 0
Solution:
C.E= (s+1)(s+2)(s+3)+K = 0
Assume Z=s+1 => s=Z-1
The Now C.E,
C.E’= (Z  1  1)(Z  1  2)(Z  1  3)  K  0
Z(Z+1)(Z+2)+K=0
K =5
C.E’= Z 3 +3Z 2 +2Z +5 = 0
Routh Hurwitz array

Z3 1 2
Z2 3 5
Z1 6 5 0
3
Z0 5
There are no sign changes, The answer is 0

4. Ans: (c)
Solution: CE= s3  6s2  7s  K  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 7
S2 3 k
S1 42  k 0
6
S0 k 0
For stability
K > 0 and 42  K  0  K  42
0< K <42
5. Ans: (a)
6. Ans: 56
Solution: CE= s3  7s2  8s  k  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S3 1 8
S2 7 k
S1 56  k 0
7
S0 k 0
For sustained oscillation 56-k=0 =>K=56
7. Ans: (b)
Solution: CE= s3  (K  0.5)s2  4sK  50  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 1 4K
s2 (K+0.5) 50
s1 4K 2  2K  50 0
(K  0.5)
s0 50
for stability
K  0.5  0 and 4K2  2K  50  0
Or K>-0.5 and K>-3.8 and K> 3.3
Where K>3.3 Satisfies all the three conditions.
8. Ans: 3
Solution: CE= s5  s4  2s3  2s2  11s  10  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S5 1 2 11
S4 1 2 10
S3 lim  1 0
0
S2 2  1 10 0

S1 102 0 0
1
2  1
S0 10

Total number of sign change in the first column is =2=Roots located in RHS of s-plane.
Hence, 3 poles are having negative real part.
9. Ans: 19.0 to 20.0

K(s 25)(s 5)
Solution: T(s) 
s(s 5)(s 15)  K(s 25)
Characteristic equation s3  20s2  (75  K)s  25K  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S3 1 75+K
S2 20 25K
S1 1500  20K  25K 0

20
S0 25K
1500  20K  25K

For marginally stable system (sustained oscillation) =0 => K=300
20
Hence, the frequency of oscillation
AE= 20s2  25K  0
s  375  19.36j
Hence   19.36rad / sec
10. Ans: 278.0 to 279.0

Solution: CE= s(s  4)(s  8)(s 64)  K(s 1)  0
for,s  6
6( 6  4)( 6  8)( 6  64)  K( 6  1)  0
6  ( 2)  (2)  (58)  K( 5)  0
K  278.4
11. Ans: (b)

Solution: CE= s5  2s4  3s3  6s2  2s  4  0
Routh Hurwitz array

s5 1 3 2
s4 -2 -6 -4
s3 0(-4) 0(-6) 0
s2 -3 -4 0
s1 2 3 0 0
s0 -4 0 0
Here, Auxiliary equation 2s4  6s2  4  0  s   j1 and  j1.414
dP(s)
 4s3  6s
ds
Also number of sign changed in the first column of Routh Hurwitz array=1
Hence, the given system is unstable with two pair of complex conjugate poles on imaginary
axis.
12. Ans: (d)

C(s) 50
Solution: T(s)   2
R(s) (s T  s)(1  0.5s)  50
CE= Ts3  (1  2T)s2  2s  100  0
Routh Hurwitz array

s3 T 2
s2 (1+2T) 100
s1 2(1  2 T)  100 T 0
(1  2 T)
s0 100
1 1
For Stability, T  0 , T   and T 
2 48
1
The system becomes unstable for T 
48

13. Ans: (b)

Solution: CE= as3  bs2  cs  d  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 a c
s 2
b d
s1
bc  ad 0
b
s 0
d
For absolute stability
a>0, b>0, d>0 and bc-ad>0
14. Ans: (a)

1
Solution: Time constant= 
Re{dominant_pole}
To compare the time constant with 1sec we need to check if a pole is present between S=0
to S=-1 then the time constant will be more, else time constant will be less. There for we use
Routh Hurwithz criteria to determine relative stability of the system with S=-1
Put S=Z-1
(Z  1)3  13(Z  1)2  50(Z  1)  56  0
CE= Z3  10Z2  27Z  18  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 1 27
s 2
10 18
s1
270  18 0
10
s 0
18 0
As there are no sign changes, means that there are no roots lie between-1<s<0. Hence time
constant of the system is less than 1.
15. Ans: (b)

Solution: Put s=Z-1 => P(z)  (z  1)3  7(z  1)2  25(z  1)  39  0
CE= z3  4z2  14z  20  0
Routh Hurwitz array
Z3 1 14
Z2 4 20
Z1 9 0
Z0 20

All elements in first column are positive, so system remain stable, stability increases
16. Ans: 6
 (S  1) 1 2 
 
Solution: Characteristic Equation= SI  A   0 (S  2) K   0
 0 1 (S  3) 

S3  6S 2  11S  (6  K)  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 11
S 2
6 6-K
S 1
66  6  K 0
6
S0 6-K 0
60  K
For stability  0 and 6-K>0 => K  60 and K<6
6
Limit on K is -60<K<6. Therefore maximum value of K is 6
17. Ans: 2
 (S  1) 0 0 
 
Solution: Characteristic equation= SI  A   1 S 2   0
 2 3 (S  1) 

S3  7S  6  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 -7
S2 lim  6
0
S1
7  6 0

S0 6 0
There are two sign changes hence there are two poles in RHS.
18. Ans: (a)
19. Ans: (c)
20. Ans: 2
Solution: Using magnitude condition

G(s)H(s)  1
k s  0.5 k 1  0.5
 1 => 1
s  2s  2
2
122
k 2
21. Ans: (d)
22. Ans: (d)
23. Ans: (a)

Solution: CE= s3  8s2  3s  4  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 3
S2 8 4
S1 24  4 0
8
S 0
4 0
No sign change, Therefore system is stable
24. Ans: 0
Solution: s2 =x then equation is x2  3x  1  0
s2 =x=-0.382, -2.618
 There are no real roots.
25. Ans: (d)

C(s) P
Solution: CLTF=  2
R(s) s  (2  PQ)s P
Convert it in to unity feedback system
CLTF P
OPTF=  2
1  CLTF s  (2  PQ)s
P
Substitute Q=0 in above equation we get G(s)H(s) 
s(s  2)
Hence it is of type 1

26. Ans: 10
e TS
Solution: G(S) 
S(S  10)
 TS
Characteristic equation= S(S  10)  e 0
 TS
But e  (1  TS)
s2  (10  T)s 1  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S2 1 1
S 1
10-T 0
S 0
1 0
For stability 10  T  0
T  10
TMax  10 sec
27. Ans: (c)

Solution: Stability depends only on the poles. It is not depends on zeroes.
28. Ans: (a)

K
Solution: G(s) 
a3S3  a2S2  a1S  a0
Routh-Hurwitz criterion necessary conditions
(i) All the coefficient of the polynomial have the same sign.
(ii) None of the coefficient vanishes.
(iii) The first column of the element >0
So, a3 ,a2 ,a1 ,a0  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S3 a3 a1
S 2
a2 a0
S1 a2a1  a3a0 0
a2
S0 4 0
 a2a1  a3a0  0

29. Ans: (a)
30. Ans: (b)
31. Ans: (c)

Solution: Characteristic equation = S3  (a b)S2  abs  k  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 ab
S 2
a+b k
S 1
 
a  b ab  k 0
a  b
S0 k
For stability 1st Column elements>0

 k>0 & (a+b)ab>K => 0  K  ab(a b)
32. Ans: (c)
33. Ans: (a)
34. Ans: (a)
35. Ans: (d)

Solution: CE  s(s 3)(s 2)  1  s3  5s2  6s  1
Routh Hurwitz array
S3 1 6
S2 5 1
S1 29 0
5
S 0
1 0
No row is zero,
Hence no intersection with jω axis
36. Ans: 6.5

Solution: characteristic equation s3  14s2  (45  k)s k  0
k(s  1)
TF  2
s(s  14s  45)
Centroid=
  0  9  5    1   6.5
2

Coordinates =(-6.5,0)
37. Ans: 4.5

Solution: CE  s2  (k  2)s (2k  5)  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s2 1 2k+5
s1 -(k+2) 0
s0 2k+5 0
For stability -(k+2)>0 => k<-2 and 2k+5>0 => k>-2.5

2  k  2.5
Given, -x>k>-y
 x  y  2  2.5  4.5
38. Ans: (c)

Solution: Eigen values of A=1,2,3  closed loop poles
1 1 1
Eigen values of A 1 = , ,  closed loop poles
1 2 3
39. Ans: (c)

1 1 1
Solution: T.F   
s  (  j ) s  (  j ) (s  )  j  (s  )  j ) (s  )2  ()2 
    
For impulse response, taking its inverse Laplace transform we get,
c(t)  et sin t
Hence option (c) is correct
40. Ans: (d)

Solution: CE= s4  ks3  s2  s  1  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s4 1 1 1
s3 k 1
s2 k 1 1
k
s1 k  1  k2
k 1
For stability k>0, k>1

k  1  k2 1   1  k  k
And  0  >0 but it is always (-)ve for k>1
k 1 k 1
41. Ans: (c)

Solution: For low frequency es  1  s
CE= s3  8s2  (9  k)s k  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 1 9-k
s2 8 K
s1 72  9k
8
s0 k
For system to be stable, 72-9k>0, and k>0

Hence, 0<k<8
42. Ans: 2
Solution: CE= s3  s2  s  1  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 1 -1
s2 1 1
s1 -2 0
s0 1
Two sign changes in first column so 2 roots with positive real parts.
43. Ans: (d)

We recommend you to take the Chapter Test first and

then check the Solutions.

Chapter Test Solutions

1. Ans: 0
Solution: C.E = s4 +2s2 +3 = 0
Routh Hurwitz array
S4 1 2 3
S3 0(4) 0(4) 0
S2 1 3
S1 -8 0
S0 3
d(A.E.)
Given equation is A.E,  4s3  4s  0
ds
No. of sign changes below the A.E=2
No. of RHP=No. of LHP = 2, jωP = 0
The four poles are located in quadrantal as shown above.
2. Ans: (b)
Solution: CE= s4  2s2  1  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S4 1 2 1
S3 0(4) 0(4) 0
S2 1 1 0
S1 0(2) 0
S0 1
d(A.E.)
Given equation is A.E of order 4 than  4s3  4s  0
ds
d(A.E.)
Another A.E. of order 2 is s2  1  0  2s  0
ds
No. of sign changes = 0
No. of RHP = 0
j Poles =4
LHP=0

3. Ans: (d)
Solution: Assume z=s+4 => s = z-4
New CE = (z  4)(z  4  10)  K  0
z2  4z  6z  24  K  0
z2  2z  K  24  0
Routh Hurwitz array

Z2 1 k-24
Z1 2 0
Z0 k-24 0
For poles lies to the left side, i.e. system should be stable
K – 24 > 0 => K > 24
4. Ans: (b)
11
Solution: CE= 1  G(s)H(s)  0  1  0
s3  4s2  3s  1
s3  4s2  3s  1  11  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S3 1 3
S2 4 (11  1)
S1 12  (11  1) 0
4
S0 (11  1)
For stability,
12  (11  1)
0 and (11  1)  0
4
1
12  (11  1) and   
11
1
  1 and   
11

5. Ans: (b)
Solution: Characteristic equation
s2  0.9s  0.1  K(s2  3s  2)  0
or,(1  K)s2  (3K  0.9)s  (2K  0.1)  0
Routh Hurwitz array
S2 (1+K) (2K-0.1)
S1 (3K-0.9) 0
S0 (2K-0.1)
For K=0.3, row of zero occurs though there will be no sign change in first column of Routh
array.
Hence, the system is marginally stable.
6. Ans: 0.30 to 0.50

Solution: At low frequency e2s  (1  2 s)
K(1  2s)
 G(s)H(s)  2
s(s  2s 1)
CE  s  2s  (1  2K)s K  0
3 2
Routh Hurwitz array

s3 1 (1-2K)
s2 2 K
s1 2  4K  K 0
2
s0
K
2  4K  K 2
For stability  0 => K 
2 5
Maximum value of k=0.40
7. Ans: (b)
k
Solution: For old system TF 
s (s 2)  k
2
CE= s3  2s2  k = 0
Since lower powers of ‘s’ are missing so system is unstable.

k(s  1)
If a zero is added OLTF becomes : G(s) 
s2 (s 2)
CE = s3  2s2  ks  k = 0
s3 1 k
s2 2 k
s1 k 0
2
s0 k
For k>0, all coefficients are positive in first column and hence system is stable.
8. Ans: 12.5
Solution: CE= 4s3  9s2  6s  (K  1)  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s3 4 6
s2 9 K+1
s1 54  4K  4 0
9
s0 K+1 0
54  4K  4
For stability, no sign changes in the first column i.e. >0 and K+1>0
9
K<12.5 and K>-1
Therefore maximum value of K= 12.5
9. Ans: (a)
Solution: CE= s5  6s4  12s3  12s2  11s  6  0
Routh Hurwitz array
s5 1 12 11
s4 6 12 6
s3 1 1
s2 1 1
s1 0(2) 0(1)
s0 1
Two roots are on imaginary axis

AE s2  1  0 => s=  j1 and   1 rad/sec

Remaining three roots are in left half of the s-plane since there is no sign change in the first
column of RH table
10. Ans: (d)

C(s) P
Solution:  2
R(s) s  (2  PQ)s P
Poles s  1  j 3 => (s 1)2  3 => s2  2s  4  0,

Compare with Characteristic equation
2  QP  2 and P  4
Q  0
11. Ans: (b)

Solution: CE= S4  2S3  3S2  4S  5  0
Routh Hurwitz array

S4 1 3 5
S 3
2 4 0
S 2
+1 5 0
S 1
-6 0
S 0
+5
Number of poles at RHS=Number of sign changes=2
12. Ans: (d)

k
Solution: G(s)  ,a  0
sa
c(t)  keat
13. Ans: (a)

Solution: Characteristic equation is 1  s(s 1)3  s  s2  0
s4  3s3  3    s2     1  s  1  0 ……………………(1)
Having 4 roots, s  1  j2,  x  jy.
s  1  j2s  1  j2s  x  jy s  x  jy   0

   
s4  s3  2  2x   s2 5  4x  x 2  y 2  s 10x  2x 2  2y 2  5x 2  5y 2  0 ………..(2)
Comparing & solving 1 & 2,
1
2  2x =3 => x=0.5, 5x2  5y 2  1 => x2  y 2 
5
1
And 5  4x  x2  y 2 =3   =>   4.2  4
5
2
And 10x  2x2  2y 2  1   => =4.4=4
5
14. Ans: (d)
15. Ans: (a)

s3 (s 1)
 4
(s 9) 2
s (s 1)(s2  s 1)
Solution: CLTF= 
s3 (s 1) s(s 2) s(s 9)2 (s2  s 1)  s(s 1)(s 2)
1  
(s 9)2 s4 (s2  s 1)
Convert it into unity feedback system
CLTF (s 1)(s2  s 1)

OLTF= 
1  CLTF s(s 9)2 (s2  s 1)  s(s 1)(s 2)  (s  1)(s2  s  1)
 Type=0

Stability 1

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Stability 1

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Control Systems (Stability)

1. The characteristic equation of feedback control system is given as

3. The feedback system is shown below

(a) 0< K <6 (b) 0< K <20

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5. Poles of a closed loop transfer function are important because

(a) They give characteristic features of the closed loop system

6. Consider the characteristic equation of a system s3  7s2  8s  k  0 , the value of ‘k’ to

10. The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback system is

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(a) T < 1∕48 (b) T = −1∕2

14. Characteristic equation of a system is given by s3  13s2  50s  56  0 compare the

(a) less than 1sec (b) more than 1sec

(a) System stability does not change.

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(a) It should have either all positive signs or negative signs.

(1) (2) (3)

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(a) Root locus shift towards left (b) Stability increases

23. Find out stability of system s3  8s2  3s  4  0

(a) Stable (b) Unstable

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27. Stability of any system depends only on the location of

(a) Zeros (b) Poles and zeros

29. The zeroes of the characteristic equation is equal to

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33. Routh Hurwitz criterion gives

(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2

34. The order of auxiliary polynomial is always.

(a) Even (b) Odd

37. The characteristic equation of a system is differential equation from is

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(a) k>0 (b) k>1

(a) 0<k<23/2 (b) 0<k<9

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43. A network has response with time as shown in figure below;

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Assume Z=s+1 => s=Z-1

The Now C.E,

C.E’= (Z  1  1)(Z  1  2)(Z  1  3)  K  0

Routh Hurwitz array

There are no sign changes, The answer is 0

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9. Ans: 19.0 to 20.0

Characteristic equation s3  20s2  (75  K)s  25K  0

Routh Hurwitz array

S1 1500  20K  25K 0

1500  20K  25K

Hence   19.36rad / sec

10. Ans: 278.0 to 279.0

11. Ans: (b)

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Here, Auxiliary equation 2s4  6s2  4  0  s   j1 and  j1.414

12. Ans: (d)

CE= Ts3  (1  2T)s2  2s  100  0

Routh Hurwitz array

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13. Ans: (b)

14. Ans: (a)

15. Ans: (b)

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18. Ans: (a)