Index

1. GENERAL

2. AIR CONDITIONING

3. AUTOFLIGHT SYSTEM

4. COMMUNICATION

5. AIRCRAFT ELECRICAL SYSTEMS

6. EQUIPMENT / FURNISHING

7. FIRE PROTECTION

8. FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMS

9. FUEL SYSTEM

10. HYDRAULIC SYSTEM

11. ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION

12. AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM

13. LANDING GEAR

14. LIGHTS

15. NAVIGATION SYSTEMS

16. OXYGEN SYSTEM

17. PNEUMATIC SYSTEM

18. WATER AND WASTE

19. AUXELARY POWER UNIT

20. DOORS

21. POWER PLANT

2
 (GENERAL)
Station Numbers
• Units are in Centimetres from the reference point, is 254 cm ahead of the nose
• Engine station numbers start from STA - 297, at nose cowl
• Vertical stabiliser station numbers start from STA – 5 reference point is VTZ , Z = 0
• Horizontal stabiliser station numbers start from Y = 0 ( X axis)
• Wing station numbers start from , STA – 0 reference point 186.8cm from X axis

Zones
• Total 8 major zones, identified by first digit of 3 digit number
- 100 – 199 : Lower half fuselage
- 200 – 299 : Upper half fuselage
- 300 – 399 : Empenage and fuselage tail section
- 400 – 499 : Pylon & Nacelle
- 500 – 599 : Left wing
- 600 – 699 : Right wing
- 700 – 799 : Landing gear
- 800 – 899 : doors

• E ven numbers at R/H side, Odd numbers at L/H side

Accesses door and panel identifications

• E.g. 550AB

Zone panel number from panel position

reference point (eg.Top or bottom B = bottom)
st
(E.g. A = 1 panel)

T - Top surface F – Floor panel

B – Bottom surface W – Side wall panel
L – Right side C – Ceiling panel
Z - Internal

Fin Numbers ( Functional Identification Number )

• All LRU’s has got a FIN number

CB Panels and CB’s

• Green - CB’s monitored by SDAC ( System Data Acquisition Concentrator), if
trips will be indicated on the ECAM E/W display and is a monitored CB.
• Red - CB used only for wing tip brakes, locked by screw if pulled M.M
procedure to be actioned (Qty. 2 )
• Yellow - Must be pulled when flying on batteries only (load reduction purposes)
Qty. 2, non monitored
• 49vu - Located in the flight deck OVHD CB panel
• 106vu - Located in the avionics compartment L/H side
• 105vu - Located in the avionics compartment RH side
• 120vu - Flight deck aft panel contains CB’s, Current transformers, Fuses &
Contactors.
• 121vu - Located in the flight deck aft CB middle panel
• 122vu - Located in the flight deck aft CB top panel
rd
• 123vu - Located in the flight deck aft CB 3 panel from top
• 124vu - Located in the flight deck aft L/H side top panel
• 125vu - Located in the flight deck aft L/H edge panel
• 2000vu - Contains Maintenance bus select Sw. , CB’s , located at the flight
door ceiling.
• 2001vu - At aft Galley

3
Avionics compartment
• 70vu - Annunciator Lt. test unit (access from R/H side)
• 80vu - Electronic rack contains computers ( located aft of avionics compartment,
access from R/H side)
• 90vu - Electronic rack contains computers ( located aft of avionics compartment,
access from R/H side)
• 103vu - Relay and contactor boxes (access from R/H side)
• 105vu - CB panel (access from R/H side)
• 106vu - Most of the Emergency and Essential power equipments located at L/H
side. (access from L/H side)
• 107vu - Relay and contactor boxes (access from R/H side close to 80vu)
• 109vu - WXR rack (access from door at the nose)

Cock – pit philosophy

• Forward facing and dark cockpit
• Crew do not required to touch OVHD panel with normal operation conditions
• OVHD panel
Fwd half - System panel pilot could touch
Aft half - Maintenance panel
• Glarshield panel - Contains FCU = 2 EFIS + AFS control panel
• GPWS control panel – Normal when P/B Sw release out & Lts OFF
• Other Sws on OVHD panel – Normal when P/B Sw push in & Lts OFF

Push Button Sws

• Pressed in - No Lts. + system activated = Normal operation
- System activated
FAULT - Temporary used system activation (ON)
- System activation for maintenance purposes(ON) or override (OVRD)
OFF

• Pressed in - Fault Lt ON + system activated = Fault condition

FAULT

OFF

• Released out - OFF Lt ON = System deactivated

- Flushed with the panel
FAULT - System deactivated (OFF)
- Manual activation system (ON)
- Activation of alternate system (ALTN)
OFF

• Light colour philosophy

Red - Failure, need immediate action
Amber - Failure, awareness no immediate action
White - P/B pressed in abnormal position or maintenance operation
Green - Normal operation of a back – up system
Blue - Normal operation of temp used system

• In normal operation green but blue also can be ON

4
 AIR CONDITIONING (CHAPTER – 21)
Pack units
• Both pack units supply air with same temperature
• Pack will be controlled by sensor in the water extractor
• Qty 2 Compressor discharge sensors available, one for ECAM indication and control other sensor monitor
OVHT will provide Fault Lt. On the Pack valve P/B Sw
Mixer units
• Mixes regulated temperature air with packs and cabin air supplied by re circulated fans
• Emergency Ram air, Low pressure ground air also goes to mixer unit in several conditions
• Flapper in the mixer guide pack 1 air flow to flight deck and pack 2 to cabin by a actuator. If actuator failed,
will be registered in Z/C non-volatile memory

Hot air pressure regulated valve

HOT AIR

FAULT Pressed IN – Valve opens and pneumatically regulates hot air pressure
above cabin pressure
OFF
Sw. OFF – Hot air valve closes electrically + Trim air valves
Fault Lt. ON –
- Flight deck duct OVHT – Any zone temp > 88 °C once or 80 °C
four times in flight
- Both hot air and trim air valves close automatically
- Fault Lt. OFF when temp < 70 °C
- Hot air valve position disagreement

• Hot air tapped from down stream of pack control valve and regulates down stream pressure above the
cabin pressure
• Spring loaded to closes if no air pressure
• Duct temperature > 88 °C valve automatically electrically closed + Fwd & Aft trim air valves also closed
Trim air valve
• Located in each zone to add hot air
• Electrically controlled by Z/C

Temperature selectors

Select desired temperature selection in the zone, Zone controller commands

pack temperature demand to satisfy lowest selected temperature by trim air
valves
12 o’ clock position – 24 °C
Cold position – 18 ° C
Hot position – 30 °C

COLD HOT

Temperature regulation
• Controlled automatically by corresponding Pack controller and Zone controller
• Each Pack and Zone controller consist of Primary and Secondary channel called computers, secondary
computer acts as a back up
• Pack controller
• Provides basic temperature and flow regulation according to the demand from Zone controller by
modulating bypass valve and ram air inlet flaps
• If primary control computer faulty, secondary computer takes over for reduced level of operation by
remaining at previous setting
• If both fail 15 °C temp. will maintain by anti-ice valve

5
• Zone controller
• Generates signals to pack controller to basic temperature and flow regulation
• Trim air valves controlled to optimize temp regulation by selected temperature
• Lowest temperature demand used for basic temperature regulation
• Primary control computer fails “ALTN” message on ECAM + with alternate mode operation, 24 °C will
be maintain in the cabin, No trim valve control,
• If both fails Pack controller will controls in basic regulation, flight deck will be maintain at 20 °C & cabin
will set to 10 °C, trim & hot air valve close

Pack Flow selector

PACK FLOW
NORMAL
LO HI

LO – If number of passengers less than 81

- No heating or cooling can be carried out.
- Zone controller automatically provides normal flow and if required
increase engine power. Flow 80% of normal flow
- If cooling is not sufficient revert back to 100% flow automatically

HI – Normal hot humid conditions, Flow 120% of normal flow

Normal – 100% flow, normal selection.

• What ever the selection zone controller automatically provides high flow in case of bleed air taken from
APU or single pack condition

Pack flow control valve

• Pneumatically regulates air flow according to the demand by controller command
• Closes pneumatically by
• Compressor OVHT
• Lack of air pressure
• Electrically close
nd
• During Engine start, after 30 sec. open again (to avoid supplementary pack closer cycle at 2
engine start)
• Engine Fire P/B OUT
• Ditching P/B set to ON
• Pack valve P/B manually select OFF
• Equipped with
• Solenoid – Receives flight deck Sw. commands
• Stepper motor – Controller commands to select required flow value which regulates pneumatically

Pack flow control valve Push button

Pressed In – Valve pneumatically and automatically controlled

FAULT Released OUT – Valve closed electrically

OFF Fault Lt. – Pack 1 OVHT- (Valve close automatically) Compressor out
temp > 260 °C or pack out temp > 230 °C four times come ON
Pack fault – Pack valve disagreement
- Pack compressor outlet temp > 230 °C, four times in one
flight
Pack 1 + 2 fault – One pack OFF, other fault or both failed

6
Anti – ice valve
• Pack controller commands pneumatically open to prevent ice formation in the condenser
• If complete pack controller failure, POPS pneumatically control pack outlet temperature to 11 °C
• Controlled electrically and pneumatically operated
• Pack outlet pneumatic sensor (POPS) used only to modulate anti-ice valve to control pack discharge
temperature at fixed valve in case of pack controller failure.
• Delta pressure relays on the anti – ice valve will control valve according to signal send by two pressure
sensors (HI & LO) located at condenser to sense ice build up at the condenser.
• Solenoid energized
• Pneumatically operates as anti – ice valve
• Solenoid de energized
• Pneumatically operated as a pack outlet temperature control valve (11 °C)
Air inlet/outlet flaps and bypass valve
• All are controlled simultaneously by pack controller
• Bypass valve electrically controlled and operated by stepper motor to modulate pack discharge
temperature by adding hot air
• Ram air Inlet and outlet flaps provided to modulate the air flow through exchangers
• To increase cooling – Flaps open more and bypass valve closes more
• To increase heat – Flaps close more and bypass valve opens more
• During T/O and landing Ram air inlet flap fully close to prevent ingestion foreign objects
• During T/O – When T/O power is set and main L/G struts compressed
• During landing – When main L/G struts compressed and speed > 70 Kts
• Ram air flaps opens 20 sec after speed < 70 kts
• Both flaps operates by individual electrical actuators, controlled by pack controller
Ram air Push button

RAM AIR

Sw. pressed IN – Emergency ramair inlet flap opens and (Ditching

not selected) Outflow valve opens half if cabin differential
pressure < 1 psi during AIR mode
ON
Sw released OUT – Flap closes

ECAM messages
• ALTN MODE (Green) – Primary zone controller fault
• PACK REG (Green) – Zone controller failure, basic regulation by packs only
Interfaces
Zone controller
• Interface between primary and secondary channels via internal busses
• Zone and Pack controllers interface via RS 422 busses
• Zone controller to EIU 1 & 2
• To increase engine power to get more bleed air flow
• Send bleed and anti-ice status to thrust limit calculation
• EIU to Pack controller
• At takeoff thrust to close ram air inlet flap closer
• HP valve position to bleed demand calculation
• ADIRU 3 to Zone controller to
• Send A/C altitude to zone temp. Compensation and pack water extractor outlet temp. limitation
• Zone controller to APU to ECB
• To increase bleed air flow
• ECB to Zone controller
• APU bleed valve open signal to flow demand calculation
• Zone to Pack controllers
• Sends temp. demand, Z/C status, Pack ARINC reception status, A/C altitude, APU bleed valve
position to Pack temperature control
• Flow demand sends to flow control
• Pack to Z/C
• Pack controller status, Zone ARINC reception status, bite to temp. control system monitoring
7
• LGCIU sends Gnd. Air status to Ram air flap control
• BSCU sends wheel speed status to both Pack controllers to pack Ram air flap closer to during T/O and
Landing

Failures
• Zone controller failures
• Primary channel fail
• Secondary channel operates as a backup
• Flow setting function and optimize temperature regulation not available
• Hot and trim air valves close
• Zones controlled to 24 °C (backup regulation) pack 1 regulates the flight deck and pack 2 controls
the Fwd and Aft cabin temperature
• “ALTN MODE” appears on the ECAM COND page
• Secondary channel failure
• No effect on temperature regulation
• Backup mode is lost
• Both primary and secondary channels fail
• Optimize and backup temperature regulation not available
• Pack delivers a fixed temperature of 20 °C for pack 1, 10 °C for pack 2
• No information on the ECAM COND page and displays “PACK REG” message

• Pack controller failures

• Primary channel fail
• Secondary channel operates as a backup
• Regulation is not optimize
• Pack flow fixed at previous setting
• Secondary channel fail
• No effect on temperature regulation
• Backup mode is lost
• ECAM signals related to the corresponding pack are lost
• Both primary and secondary channels fail
• Corresponding pack outlet temperature controlled at 15 °C by anti ice valve
• ECAM signals related to the corresponding pack are lost

Pressurization
• System consist 2 identical controllers, only 1 operates at a time other STBY
• If both systems failed manual mode to be selected
• Out flow valve can be controlled by manually by control panel
• Qty. 2 Safety valves located in Aft. Bulk head (For Positive and Negative differential pressure) installed
above floatation level
• Consist of four general functions
• Ground function – Outflow valves open fully on Gnd.
• Prepressurization
• During T/O, increase cabin pressure to avoid surge in cabin pressure during rotation
• Pressurization in flight
• Adjust cabin altitude and rate of change to make passenger comfort
• Depressurization
• After touch down to reduce residual cabin overpressure gradually before open outflow valves

Cabin pressure controllers

• Inputs – Flight profile from FMGC, ADIRUS, CFDS and A/C configuration from EIU, LGCIU, ECS
• Out puts – Indication & monitoring by FWC, SDAC, ECS, CFDSD and AIDS

Out flow valve

• Double flap 3 motor driven
• Qty 2 motors for automatic operation (One for each CPC)
• One motor for manually operation
• Located behind Aft cargo below flotation line

8
Mode select switch
MODE SEL
Auto – Out flow valve controlled by active CPC
FAULT A Man – Out flow valve controlled by manual toggle Sw.
U Fault – CPC both automatic systems failed
MAN T
O

• Auto mode
• 2 Motors for auto mode motors, One for each CPC 1 and CPC 2
• System 1 = CPC 1 + Motor 1, System 2 = CPC 2 + motor 2
• Two electronic actuators interface with controllers
• Each actuator consist of Pressure Sw. (located in electronic control box) to close valve if cabin
altitude > 15000ft regardless of mode
• Auto signal exchange via electronic actuator
• Air pressure in the cabin depends on the external schedules, which are received from the FMGC
• If FMGC signal not available crew needs to set the landing field elevation and captain’s baro
selection from the ADIRS
• Uses landing elevation and the QNH from the FMGC and pressure altitude from ADIRS
• Automatic CPC changeover occurs at
• 70 sec after each landing
• If one operating system fails

• Manual mode

MAN V/S
UP UP – Outflow valve open
DN – Outflow valve close
DN

• Motor 3 controlled by control panel toggle Sw. with manual mode selected on the mode select P/B
• Feed back No 3 signal directly sent to CPC 1 for position indication on ECAM
• CPC 2 manual part not used
• Manual backup channel of CPC 1 used for indication (FWC & SDAC) and monitoring

Cabin Pressure and Altitude

• Cabin altitude limited to 8000 ft
• Differential pressure limited to 8.06 psi at 39000 ft
• If cabin altitude = 9550 ft M/W comes ON
• At altitude 11300ft passenger signals activated
• At 15000ft safety device activates to close valve

Landing elevation selector

LDG ELEV
AUTO
Auto – System in normal operation condition (Landing elevation from FMGC)
Other positions – Selected value take to account, if selection indication on
the knob not accurate use ECAM pressure page
(if QNH used)

Ditching
DITCHING ON – Out flow valve closes by CPC (if MAN selected outflow valve not close)
- Emergency Ram air inlet close
- Avionics ventilation extract valve close
- Pack flow valve close

ON Normal – System operates normally

9
Interfaces
• EIU
• TLA position in T/O to Pre pressurization sequence
• LGCIU
• Air/Gnd. signal for Pre pressurization, pressurization, De pressurization sequence + system transfer
• ADIRU (each)
• Static pressure, boro correction and for priority selection
• FMGC (each)
• Cruise flight level and landing field elevation data
• Motors
• Auto
• Enable signal to motor in control
• Outflow valve positioning + monitoring
• Manual
• Feed back signal from motor CPC 1

Avionics Ventilation System

• AEVC controls and monitoring of Avionics ventilation system automatically provided Blower and Extract
P/Bs pressed IN

Blower Push button

BLOWER
Auto – P/B released out, system in auto mode
FAULT A OVRD – Blower stops
U - System goes to close loop configuration
OVRD T - Air comes from air condition system to added to ventilation system
O Fault Lt. – Blowing pressure low
- Duct OVHT
- Computer power supply failure
- Smoke warning activated

• If both Blower and Extract P/B released out (OVRD)

• Blower fan stops
• Skin exchanger outlet bypass valve and Skin exchanger inlet bypass valve close (all valves close)
• Air condition inlet valve opens to supply air
• Skin air outlet valve partially opens

Extract Push Button

EXTRACT
Fault Lt. – Extract pressure low
A - Computer power supply failure
FAULT
U - Smoke warning activated
T
OVRD
O OVRD – System goes to close loop configuration
- Air comes from air condition system

Open circuit configuration

• Conditions
• A/C on Gnd.
• Throttles not at T.O
• Skin temperature > On Gnd. Threshold
• Cooled by ambient air If
• A/C on Gnd. and ambient temp.> 11 °C due to Heat exchanger is already hot it can not cool air
• Skin air Inlet and outlet valves open
• Air goes through blower and extractor fans to over board

10
Close Loop configuration
On Gnd. skin temp. < 4 °C, or In flight skin temp < 27 °C
Conditions
• On Gnd.
• Throttles at T.O + Skin temperature < in flight threshold
• Throttles not at T.O + Skin temperature < on Gnd. Threshold
• In Flight
• Skin temperature < in flight threshold
• Inlet and Outlet skin air valves close
• Skin exchanger isolation valve open
• Skin exchanger outlet bypass valve open (to reduce noise in the avionics bay)
• Skin exchanger inlet bypass valve open if pressure > regulated value (Controlled by 3 pressure Sw. In the
compartment) or close if low air flow detected
• Air goes through skin heat exchanger

Intermediate close configuration

In flight, skin temp > 34 °C
Conditions
• On Gnd.
• Throttle at T.O + Skin temperature > in flight threshold
• In Flight
• Skin temperature > in flight threshold
• Skin exchanger out and inlet bypass valves open
• Skin air outlet valve partially open
• Air condition valve open to get condition air to the compartment
• Air goes to overboard through skin air outlet valve and exchanger inlet bypass valve

Temp < 27 °C
• System go back to close loop configuration

Smoke configuration
• When smoke detected in the avionics ventilation air
• Blower and Extractor P/B fault Lt. illuminates
• Then select both P/B to OVRD
• Air will be supplied from air-condition system via air condition inlet valve and goes to OVBD
through flap on the extract valve (extract valve closed)
• Blower fan stops

AEVC Interfaces
• EIU 1 & 2 to AEVC
• To control ventilation system control sends T/O thrust control
• Skin temp sensor skin sends temp. signal to AEVC

AEVC failure
• System as same as smoke configuration except Skin exchange isolation valve open
• Inlet and skin exchange inlet bypass valves remain in the position before the failure occurred
• Extract fan keep on running

AEVC power failed

• Both blower and extractor fan P/B set to OVRD
• Blower fan stops
• Air condition inlet valve opens
• Skin air outlet valve partially opens
• Other valves stay at its last controlled position

• AEVC change system configuration depends on

• Skin temperature sensor value
• Temperature increase or decrease
• A/C on Air or Gnd.
11
• AEVC controls all valves and fans, receives system condition information by pressure and temp. sensors
• Skin inlet valve and outlet valve, before close manually must select toggle Sw. to deactivation position and
controlled electrically by AEVC
• Blower and Extract fans – When high temp detected, valve closes and indicator LT. on valve body
illuminates, can be reset after detection by pressing P/B on valve body
• Pressure Switches ( Qty. 3)
• Qty. 2 to control blower circuit, fault Lt. + External horn
• Qty. 2 to control Extractor fan, fault Lt. + External horn (low flow detection)
• Duct temp sensor
• Temp sensor control blower fan and fault Lt. + External horn
• Smoke detector sense smoke and give warning

Aft Cargo compartment ventilation and heating system

Ventilation controller (Located near 103vu)
• Cargo ventilation controlled via controlling isolation valves and extract fan
• Cargo ventilation controller controls and monitor isolation valves and extraction fan of the cargo ventilation
system
Heating controller
• Cargo heating controlled by information received from 2 temp. sensors and control trim air valve to add hot
air if required
• If failed
• Hot air valve close + E/W message

Hot air PRV

• Hot air pressure regulation valve regulates bleed air going to the Trim air valve above cabin pressure
• If duct temp. > 88 °C, Heating controller closes hot air PRV

HOT AIR
OFF – Hot air PRV close
FAULT Fault Lt. ON – Aft cargo OVHT detected (PRV close by Heat controller)

OFF

Trim air valves

• Regulates hot air flow which mix with cabin air to obtain required temperature
• Closes trim air valve if
• Isolation valve close
• Hot air PRV close
• Extract fan failed
• Cargo door not closed and locked

Temperature Selector
• Signals to Hot air controller to move trim air valve if hot air to be added

AFT

Temp selector – Selects temp range between 5 °C - 26 °C

- 12 ‘ O clock position 16 °C

COLD HOT

12
Inlet isolation valve
• Permits regulated air to enter to the compartment
AFT ISOL
VALVE
Pressed IN – Vent controller runs extract fan if both isolation valves open
FAULT Provided no smoke detected in the aft cargo
OFF – Inlet Isolation valve close
OFF - Extract fan stops
Fault Lt.– Inlet or Outlet valve position disagreement with selection

Extract fan
• Remove air out board if both isolation valves open

Outlet Isolation valve

• Allowed air to discharge out board

13
 AUTOFLIGHT SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 22)

• Auto flight systems (AFS) calculates orders to automatically control flight controls (EFCS) and
engines(FADEC)
Basic operational principles
• In normal operations
• Automatic
• A/P or A/THR
• Manual
• Pilot activates as side sticks or thrust levers
• Power up test
• FD will engaged provided power up test is done
• FD engagement
• If AP/FD mode not active no guidance symbol will be displayed
• When AFS not active
• Flight controls controlled by Side sticks
• Engines controlled by Thrust levers
• Navigation
• Calculated position of the A/C using several sensors
• Inertial system
• Radio navigation system
• Flight plan
• Stored in the memory predetermined by the operator
• Describe complete flight from T/O to landing
• Vertical information
• Intermediate way points
• Operation
• Normal way
• AFS uses flight plan automatically
• Position and desired flight plan (chosen by crew), system will computed orders then send to
the surfaces and engines to follow the flight plan
• During AFS side stick and throttle levers will not move
• AFS fly by wire
• When A/P system engaged, apply force on the side stick causes A/P disengage, after normalize
the force on the side stick A/C will maintain actual attitude with manual flight
• System design
• Consist of
• Flight Augmentation Computer (FAC) Qty 2
• Fail operational system, consist of command and monitor channel
• Flight Management and Guidance Computer (FMGC) Qty. 2
• Fail operational system, consist of command and monitor channel
• Multi purpose control and display units (MCDU) Qty. 1
• Flight Control Unit Qty. 1
• FMGC
• Controlled by
• FCU – For short term control
• Provides interface required to transmit of engine data from FMGC (managed guidance) to
FADEC
• In flight crew can engage A/P and can modify different flight parameters to immediate change
in the control of the A/C
• A/P and A/THR engagement, FD functions
• Selection of guidance modes (e.g. HDG hold..)
• Selection of flight parameters (e.g. HDG values…)
• System Consist of
• AFS control panel
• Allows + display engagement of A/P + A/THR and selection of guidance modes flight
parameters

14
Speed/ Mach control knob
• Pull – FMGC uses selected speed on the FCU, Managed dot Lt. OFF
SPD MACH If display dashed before value appears last managed speed
300 If not no change in the window
• Turned – Speed display changes, Previous displayed value change
st
If display dashed before 1 click changes to managed reference
speed.
Turn more valve changes and knob not pulled with in 45 sec.
display goes to dashes
SPD • Push – If dashes displayed no change
---------- If speed displayed before Managed speed and dot Lt. displayed
(During T/O GA and EXPED, FMGC automatically uses memorized
speed such as V2, VAPP and Green dot. Dashes displayed and the Lt.
ON)

Speed/Mach P/B

• All cases, Speed/Mach switching is automatic, Pilot can only select switching
Using P/B when reference is selected then relevant indication (SPD or MACH)
will be displayed

SPD
MACH

MACH
.78

Heading/track lateral control knob

• Window displays value when HDG or TRK mode active or when HDG/TRK preset performed. Otherwise it
is dashes. Dot Lt. ON when managed lateral mode is armed (E.g. NAV, RWY, LAND…)

• Pulled – HDG or TRK mode engages as per the selection on the FCU
HDG LAT If lateral window dashed before present heading or track value
252 displayed. If not no change on the display
• Turned – Changes heading or track
HDG or TRK previously displayed reading will be modified
st
If dashes 1 click changes to present A/C heading or track
Turn more value changes and if not pulled with in 45 sec. display
goes to dashes again.
• Pushed - Navigation mode is armed, During the arming phase HDG or TRK
displayed until the interception of the flight plan then dashes will be
replaced the heading or track
During arming and active phases, Lt. is ON

Altitude select knob

• Knob has got two selections,
• Outer knob got 100ft and 1000ft selections
• Inner knob sets the altitude in the FCU altitude window
• Inner knob
• Pulled – Open climb or Open descent mode engages if displayed altitude
ALT LVL/CH different from present A/C altitude, Level change Lt. OFF
A/C immediately climbs (or descent) towards the selected altitude
27000
• Turned – Display altitude changes

ALT LVL/CH • Pushed – Climb or descend mode engages if A/C altitude differs from
displayed altitude
30000 Level change is managed and Dot Lt. ON
Altitude window always displayed a target valve selected by
the crew. Window never goes to dashes

15
Metric altitude P/B
• P/B press select ECAM lower display altitude value chances to metric units
FCU altitude reading never change to metric only in feet

METRIC
ALT

Vertical speed /flight path angle control knob

LVL/CH V/S Pulled – If window dashed before, present A/C vertical speed or FPA
displayed
- 0700 Range = -9.9° and +9.9° for FPA

Turned – Changes the V/S or FPA display

st
Window dashed before 1 click changes to present A/C V/S or
FPA.
Turned more value changes if knob not pulled with in 45 sec
display goes to dashes

LVL/CH V/S Push – Immediate level off with display goes to zero target
FMA will turn to ALT green when level off
+ 0000

Heading V/S / Track – FPA P/B

HDG V/S
TRK FPA If any of the modes active, pressing the P/B changes the modes in to
corresponding one (HDG TRK and V/S FPA)

Expedite P/B

• Pressed ON – Engagement confirmed by green bars Lt. ON

EXPED Allows max. climb or descent profile with in the performance
envelope of the A/C.
Disengagement only possible by engagement of another
longitudinal mode
Approach engagement P/B

• Pressed ON – G/S and LOC modes armed for capture and tracking if ILS
APPR not avail
• Pressed OFF – Altitude > 400 ft. Land or APP NAV mode is disarmed or
disengaged
(Altitude < 400 ft, Land mode can only be disengaged by
activating GA mode)

LOC engagement P/B

• Pressed ON – Used when G/S not available
• Pressed OFF – Before capture, LOC mode disarmed
LOC After capture, LOC mode disengaged (HDG/TRK mode
engaged on the present A/C HDG/TRK)
EFIS control panel
• Control + display each capt’s and FO’s PFD and ND functions
EFIS displays initiated by FMGC
• FM display on PFD
• Decision Height
• Managed target speed (magenta)
• V1 speed (Cyan)
• Altitude constraint (magenta)
• Linear vertical deviation(magenta)
• Landing field elevation (Cyan)
• ECON target speed with high and low margins in descent mode (magenta)
16
ND FMGC initiated information
• Rose Nav, Arc and Plan modes
• A/C position auto tuned Nav aides, Flight plan data
• A/C position is fixed in all display modes except in plan mode where it moves along the flight plan
• TO way point displayed in white rest of the flight plan way points in Green
• R/H upper corner displayed TO way point characteristics (Ident, distant to go, estimated time of arrival)
• Cross track deviation
• Radio Nav aids, start of climb, top of climb, top of descent

EFIS selection P/B

All waypoints in the related range will be displayed

WPT

All VOR/DME station location in the related range displayed

VOR.D

All non-directional beacon in the related range will be displayed

NDB

All airport locations in the related range will be displayed

ARPT

All speed and altitude constraints on one or several waypoints will be displayed
CSTR

MCDU
• Provides long term control
• Allows interface between crew and the FMGC to select the flight plan to manage the flight
• Displays selection and the modifications of the parameters associated with the FM function
• Selection of specific functions
• Displays information regarding flight progress + A/C performance for monitoring and review by flight crew
• Qty. 2, interchangeable
• MCDU pages
st
• 1 System page
• Pilot used for flight preparation
• Data base page
• Flight plan initialization
• Rad/Nav entries and checks
• Performance data by (V1, V2, VR and Flex temp)
• V2 must be entered before T/O at MCDU
• Entry of flight plan (lateral/vertical) and V2 into MCDU taken account by the FM part and
conformed by Lts. on FCU
• Qty 3 annunciators located
• MCDU menu – Lt. ON when system linked to the MCDU menu requesting the display
• FMGC – Alert the crew FMGC request the display as a important message on the FMGC page
• FAIL – Amber displayed if any failure detected in the MCDU
• Data in the Amber boxes mandatory, White dashed lines indicate that data will be calculated and displayed
by the FMGC

17
• Colour codes
• White – Titles, comments, dashes symbols and minor messages
• Green – Non modifiable data or active data
• Yellow – Temporary flight plan, some data until validated by insertion
• Cyan –Modifiable and selectable data
• Amber – Mandatory data, boxes, Important and pilot action required data, asterix adjacent to
the altitude or airspeed “missed” restrictions
• Magenta – Maximum recommended flight level, Flight plan constraint data, asterix adjacent to
the altitude or airspeed “made” restrictions

Flight management
• Definition revision and monitoring
• Provides flight plan selection on Latitude and Vertical functions
• Provides navigation, performance optimization, RADNAV tuning and information display management
• Auto selection of navigation frequencies, position determination
• Data computed Flight path by FM used by FG part
• Operating modes
• Normal – Active if FM part agrees
• When keys pressed, immediately processed by both FMS, regardless of the MCDU
• FM part receive master slave activation from FG part
• Master computer impose following parameters on slaving
• Flight phase
• Flight plan sequencing
• Active performance and speeds
• Clearance and maximum altitudes
• ILS frequencies and courses
• MCDUs can select different pages simultaneously, any modification or entry on the MCDU
transmitted to other MCDU via cross talk
• Independent
• Active if one FM part disagrees, and no inter action only send own status to each other
• Each FM part managed its own MCDU
• Failure of FMGC inter system buses results in amber message “INDEPENDENT
OPERATION”
• MCDUs operates separately even cross talk present, entry on one MCDU will not applied to
the other
• Single
• Active if one FM part fail
• Both MCDUs are driven by remaining FM part, messages linked to the navigation process are
displayed on both MCDUs
• White message “OPP FMGC IN PROGRESS”
• During power up both FM parts exchange information.
• Both MCDUs work as in normal mode but with the valid FMGC only
• Internal cross comparison made on
• Navigation database identification
• Performance database identification
• FM operational program identification
• A/C and Engine program pin data
• Lateral functions
• A/C position determination
• IRU alignment through MCDU
• Auto/Manual selection of navigation Frequencies
• Guidance computations along the Latitude flight plan
• Vertical functions
• Optimize speed computation
• Resulting target speed being used as reference for guidance functions
• Performance predictions
• Fuel, Time, Altitude, Wind at various points of the flight
• Guidance computation of the various flight plan
18
Indications
• Displayed on the PFDs and NDs
• During normal and independent modes FMGC 1 & 2 supplies to PFD 1, ND1 and PFD2,ND2 respectively
• Single mode remaining FMGC supplies to all displays

Flight Plan
• Consist of routes and limitations, A/C must follow
• Limitations
• Speed
• Altitude
• Time constraints
• FM provides A/C position to follow up flight plan, called navigation

Navigation database
• Provides necessary information for flight plan construction and follow-up
• Database updated every 28 days
• For additional information kept room for manual entry for 20 navaids, 20 waypoints, 3 routes and 10
runways
• Manually entered data will be erased when flight become DONE ( A/C on Gnd. for 30 Sec.)

Navigation
• Provides current A/C status to the system by Present position, wind, Ground speed, altitude and True air
speed

Lateral flight plan

• Provides sequential track changes at each way point with in 3 main sections
• Departure : Initial fix (origin airport), Standard instrument departure (SID),
• Arrival : Standard terminal arrival route (STAR), Approach, missed approach and Go around
• En route : Way points, navigation aids…
• Lateral steering order can be followed by the pilot or the AP with NAV mode selected

Vertical flight plan

• Provides accurate flight path prediction which requires a precise knowledge of current and forecast wind,
temperature and lateral flight plan to be flown
• Divided in to
• Preflight – to be enter fuel, weight and V2 speed
• Take – off – Speed management, Thrust reduction altitude and Acceleration altitude
• Climb – Speed limit, Speed management
• Cruise – Top of climb, cruise altitude and top of descent
• Descent – Speed limit, speed management and deceleration
• Approach/Missed approach/ Go around : Thrust reduction altitude, acceleration altitude
• Vertical steering order can be followed by the pilot or the AP
• Level change in vertical profile can be initiated by pushing level change selector, except for departure
when vertical profile is armed on Gnd. and will be automatically activate after T/O phase
Performance database
• Contains optimum speed schedules to the expected range for the operation conditions
• Primary performance mode is ECON mode
• ECON mode can be made as per requirements to the air line cost index
• Cost index is ratio of cost of time to the cost of fuel

Displays
• According to the pilot selection on the EFIS control panel on the FCU, A/C position will be displayed on the
ND Rose or Arc modes as per the flight plan
• In Plan mode flight plan shown as a reference to True north with way points

19
Flight Guidance
• Factors related to the A/C control
• Provide
• A/P, F/D and A/THR (modes operation upon FCU selection)
• Normal operating way is management part as reference source for Guidance part
• Priority logic
st
• 1 – AP engagement (AP 1 or 2)
nd
• 2 – FD engagement (FD 1 or 2)
• Two types of AP and FD modes available to guide the A/C
• Managed modes
• Steer the A/C along the lateral, vertical and speed profiles according to the data inserted by the
pilot on the MCDU then FMGC computes corresponding guidance targets
• At TO engaged automatically when set thrust levers to TO or FLX detent
• In flight can arm or engage select by pressing appropriate knobs on the FCU
• Selected modes
• Steer the A/C according to the target values selected by the pilot on the FCU
• Can engage selected mode by pulling appropriate FCU knobs

AP and FD modes

Guidance Managed modes Selected modes

LATERAL NAV, APP NAV HDG - TRK
LOC *, LOC
RWY, RWY TRK
GA TRK
ROLL OUT
VERTICAL SRS (T.O and G.A) OPCLB, OPDEC
CLB, DES V/S, FPA
ALT CST, ALT CST * ALT*, ALT
ALT CRZ * , ALT CRZ EXPEDITE
G/S *, G/S
FINAL, FINAL APP
FLARE
SPEED FMGC REFERENCE FCU REFERA NCE
(ECON auto SPD LIM)
Expedite

AP and FD common modes

• Modes are related to both lateral and vertical and engaged simultaneously on both axes.
• On take off – Runway/Runway track associated to SRS vertical modes
• In approach – ILS approach (LAND) or non ILS approach (APP NAV FINAL)
• In Go around – GA track associated to SRS vertical modes

Auto Pilot
• Calculates selection for flight control to follow the selected modes (E.g. Attitude hold)
• Controls
• Pitch
• Roll
• Yaw
• A/P engagement
• Possible only 5 sec after lift off and only one at a time
• To select land mode allows both A/P to engage
• After T/O to rollout A/P remain engaged to control A/C on the runway center line
• A/P disengagement by pilot at low speed taxing
• On Gnd. can be engaged if engines are not running
• AP commands
• Position of the flight control surfaces for pitch, roll and yaw
• Nose wheel steering

20
• Engaged by AP1 and AP 2 P/B

Sw. press Lt. ON – A/P engaged

AP 1 Sw press again - Lt. OFF AP disengages

• ON PFD FMA indicated

• AP 1 - A/P 1 engaged
• AP 2 - A/P 2 engaged
• AP1 + 2 - A/P 1 and 2 both engaged
• A/P guidance modes can be selected by FCU or FMGC
• FMGC monitor commanded and actual position of flight sense by sensors through the loop, if any
difference FMGC will controlled the orders
• When A/P engaged, load threshold on the side sticks and Rudder pedals will be increased

Modes
• Lateral
• Vertical
• Normally one of each will be selected by the system simultaneously

Lateral mode control

• Ailerons – Controls via ELACs
• Spoilers – Controls via SECs
• Rudders – Controls via FACs
• Nose wheel – Controls via BSCU

Vertical mode control

• THS and Elevators – Controls via ELACs

On Ground
• A/P can be engaged only both engines shut down (If engine start with A/P engaged A/P will trips)
• Hydraulic power not required
• PFD indication – AP 1 or AP2

Take Off
• Can be engaged provided A/C air born + 5 sec
• PFD indication – AP1 or AP2

Cruise
• Priority gives to last engaged, only one any A/P can be engaged at a time
• PFD indication – AP1 or AP 2
• FCU FMGC ELAC Ailerons + Elevators + THS

SEC Spoilers
• Rudder control not by A/P but directly by FACs

Land
• Engage automatically when
• LOC and G/S modes are engaged and A/C altitude < 400 ft. RA
• Disengages
• Upon engagement of G/A
• A/C on Gnd. for at least 10 sec with AP disconnected and APPR P/B pressed
• If landing airport equipped with ILS capability A/P can land with complete Approach, Flare and Rollout
nd
• 2 A/P can be engaged, AP 1 in active mode and AP 2 in STBY
• FCU FMGC ELAC1 & 2 Ailerons + Elevators + THS

SEC 1.2,3 Spoilers

FAC 1 & 2 Rudder ( controlled by A/P via FMGC)

• PFD indications (FMA) – AP 1+2
21
Flare mode
• Engages
• A/C reaches 40 ft. RA (precise valve is a function of V/S)

Rollout
• A/P gives steering orders (depends on the speed ) to rudder and nose wheel (via BSCU)
• A/P order
• Ailerons + Spoilers will be null
• THS reset to 0.5° nose up
• Spoilers directly controlled by SEC for Gnd. spoilers
• During rollout speed < 60 Kts pilot take control by disconnecting A/P
• FMGC ELAC1 & 2 Ailerons + Elevators + THS

BSCU NWS

FAC 1 & 2 Rudder

• PFD indications (FMA) – AP 1+2

AP warnings
• Red auto land warning
• Flashes in the LAND mode
• Radio guidance goes bellow 200 ft. and
• A/C goes too far off the LOC or GS beams
• Both AP fail
• Both GS transmitters or receivers fail
• Both LOC transmitters or receivers fail

Flight Director
• Displays Guidance commands on both PFD to fly manually according to FMGC demand
• Two cases to be considered
• A/P not engaged
• F/D symbols display on PFD, gives orders to pilot to maintain the desired parameters
(crew fly A/C as per the orders acting on flight controls)
• A/P Engaged
• FD function displayed symbol on PFD represent A/P orders to be monitored by pilots
• FMGC 1 and 2 drives FD and FPV on PFD 1 and 2 respectively
• If one FMGC fail other will provide for both PFDs
• If both FD fail RED flag displayed on each PFD provided FD Sw. is ON

• MFA indications
• 1FD2 = Normal conditions FD 1 on PFD 1 and FD 2 on PFD 2
• -FD2 = FD 1 not displayed
• 1FD- = FD 2 not displayed
• 2FD2 = FD 2 on both PFDs
• 1FD 1 = FD 1 on both PFDs

• Engagement
• Automatically as soon as system powered + logic conditions satisfactory
• Will be indicated on the FCU by FD P/B Green bars ON and top R/H of PFD FMA

Lt. ON – FD engaged
- FCU power up
FD
- GA modes
- Loss of A/P during rollout phase
- Means FD can be displayed on corresponding PFD
P/B press with Green Lt. On = FD go out
P/B press again = FD come ON
Green Lt. OFF = No FD symbol can be displayed on the PFD
22
 • 1FD2 – FD 1 engaged on Capt’s PFD, FD2 engaged on FO’s PFD
• On Gnd. – If AP/FD not active, no FD symbol appears on FMA
• During configuration change FMGC send command to flash FD bars for 10 sec

Manual flight
• A/P not engaged
• F/D symbols display on PFD, gives orders to pilot to maintain the desired parameters (crew fly A/C as
per the orders acting on flight controls)

Automatic flight
• A/P Engaged
• FD function displayed symbol on PFD represent A/P orders to be monitored by pilots

FD modes
• Same as A/P modes are selected on same way
• FMGC calculates AP/FD orders, will be transferred into symbols by DMC
• Two types of symbols
• FD bars
• FPD and FPV
• Push button HDG V/S / TRK – FPA will allows to switch in between the symbols

FD bars 3 types
• Pitch bar - Displayed if vertical mode active except rollout or landing phase
• Roll bar - Displayed if lateral mode is active

• Yaw bar - Displayed

- When roll bar will be replaced by yaw bar
- If Altitude < 30 ft RA at T/O (LOC signal avail)
- During landing

• To be centered when just bellow the central yellow square

FPD/FPV symbol
FPD
• Provides commands signal to intercept and fly lateral/vertical flight path as defined on FMGC
• Symbol removes when no guidance mode provided by FMGC
• Computed by FMGC
FPV

• Provides lateral/vertical flight path information of current track and flight path angle accurately being flown
• Computed by ADIRU

• Displayed if
• TRK FPA selected on FCU (both flashes for 10 sec during configuration change)
• AP/FD modes correctly followed, FPD and FPV symbols will be super imposed
• Yaw bar
• Will appears as the same condition as FD bars

System Control and indication

• ND
• Flight plan data
• Data selection by FCU
• A/C present position
• Wind speed and direction
• Gnd. speed

23
• PFD
• FMA
• AP/FD/A/THR engagement status on FMA
• AP/FD and A/THR around engaged modes on the FMA
• FD modes
• FAC characteristic speed on the speed scale
• FMGC/FCU/FAC/ MCDU reset
• Possible by CB’S in the flight deck
• E/W /SD
• E/W
• AFS warning messages
• SD
• AFS information such as inop. systems on status page or land capability availability
• Attention Getters
• M/C + M/W
• If AFS disconnection occurs
• A/Land warning activated when problem occurs during final approach in auto land

Flight mode Annunciator

• FMA information will be displayed by the master FMGC which supply to both
• AP/FD information displayed according to following logic
• At least one AP, master FMGC supplies to both
• With out AP, with FD engaged FMGC 1 supplies FMA 1, FMGC 2 supplies to FMA 2
• With out AP with one FD failed or manually disengaged, opposite FMGC supplies both FMAs
• Divided in to 5 zones
• A/THR information
• Vertical and lateral AP/FD modes
• Landing capability
• Engagement status of Guidance functions
rd nd rd
• Message use the 3 line of the 2 and 3 zones
• Five colours are used
• Green – A/THR and AP/FD active modes
• Cyan – AP/FD armed mode, A/THR engaged not active, V/S, FPA, FLX TEMP, MDA, MDH and DH
numeric values, selected MACH and Speed
• White – FG function engaged, A/THR activated, landing categories, manual thrust (surrounded by
boxes) which are held when A/THR not active
• Amber – Messages, boxed around certain thrust modes
• Red – “MAN PITCH TRIM ONLY” message

A/THR zone
FMA

st SPEED
1
nd
2
rd LVR ASYM
3

st
• 1 line, in Green : SPEED, MACH, THR MCT, THR CLB, THR IDLE, THR LVR
st
• 1 line in Green with a flashing amber box : A. FLOOR TOGA LK

st nd
• 1 and 2 lines in white : MAN MAN MAN MAN
TOGA FLX xx THR MCT
rd
• 3 line flashing white :LVR CLB, LVR MCT
rd
• 3 line in amber : LVR ASYM
24
AP/FD vertical zone

FMA

st ALT
1
nd G/S
2
rd
3

st
• 1 line in Green : SRS, ALT*, ALT, ALT CRZ*, ALT CST*, ALT CST, EXP CLB, EXP DEC, G/S*,
OP CLB, OP DES, CLB, DES
Common to vertical and lateral areas: LAND, FLAR, ROLL OUT, FINAL APP
nd
• 2 line in Green and Cyan: FPA +/- xx°, V/S +/-xxxx
nd
• 2 line in Cyan :ALT, CLB, G/S, DES, OP CLB, OP DES, FINAL
SPEED SEL : xxx, MACH SEL: .xx which are seen in lateral and vertical areas
(xxx = preset speed, .xx= preset mach)

AP/FD lateral zone

FMA

1
st HDG

2
nd LOC

rd
3

• Lateral modes
st
• 1 line in Green : RWY, RWY TRK, HDG, TRK, LOC*, LOC, GA TRK, APP NAV, NAV
Common to vertical and lateral areas : LAND, FLAR, ROLL OUT, FINAL APP
nd
• 2 line in Cyan : NAV, LOC, APP NAV

Landing category zone

FMA

st CAT 3
1

2
nd DUAL

rd DH XXX
3

• Landing categories
st nd
• 1 and 2 lines in white : CAT 1 CAT 2 CAT 3 CAT 3
SINGLE DUAL
rd
• 3 line messages in White and numerics in Cyan (information in this zone as soon as land is armed or
active)

DH xxx NO DH MDA xxxx MDH xxxx

25
Engagement status zone
FMA
st AP 1 + 2
1
nd 1FD2
2
rd A/THR
3

• Engagement status
st
• 1 line in White : AP 1 + 2, AP 1, AP 2
nd
• 2 line in White :1 FD – (FD 1 engaged in capt’s side ), -FD 1 (FD 1 engaged in FO’s side),
-FD 2 (FD 2 engaged in FO’s side) , 2 FD - (FD 2 engaged in capt’s side)
1 FD 1 (FD 2 failed, FD 1 engaged), 2 FD 2 (FD 1failed FD 2 engaged)
rd
• 3 line in Cyan : A/THR (Engaged and not active)
in White : A/THR (engaged and active)

Messages
rd
• Advisory messages appear in White on the 3 line in zone 2 and 3. E.g. “MORE DRAG”
• One Red message dedicated to the display area “MAN PITCH TRIM ONLY”

Flight Augmentation
• FAC
• Controlled by
• Qty. 2 FAC P/B(one for each FAC)
• Rudder Trim Control panel (during manual rudder trim)
• Qty 2, interchangeable
• Basic function
• Rudder control
• Flight envelope protection
• FAC includes facility to interface between AFS & CFDS called FIDS (Fault Isolation and Detection)
• FIDS included only in FAC 1
• AFS connected to the most of the A/C systems
• A/C attitude, Altitude from ADIRUs
• Transmission of A/P orders to ELACs
• FAC functions
• Receives orders from FMGCs or ELACs for Yaw Damper function
• Yaw damper
• Consist of 4 functions
• Dutch roll damping
• Turn coordination
• Engine failure compensation
• Yaw guidance order execution
• Rudder Trim
• Manual trim from the Rudder trim control panel
• Auto trim
• Through FMGC via FAC to rudder trim actuator with A/P engaged

• Rudder Travel Limitation

• Limits rudder travel according to the A/C speed for structure Integrity (Speed information comes
from ADIRUs)
• Prevents excessive deflection which penalize the A/C performance

26
 • Flight Envelope protection
• FAC computes
• Varies characteristics speeds for A/C operation
• ADIRU (Displayed on PFD)
• LGCIU (Displayed on PFD)
• FMGC and SFCC data (Displayed on PFD)
• Low energy warnings computation sent to FWC to generates aural warnings “SPEED”
• Excessive AOA [sent to FMGC]
• Windshear detection (sent to FMGC)
• Controls
• FAC receives
• From FAC P/B
• Rudder trim selector – Deflect rudder
• Rudder trim reset P/B – Return rudder to neutral position

• Displays FAC computations

• Characteristic speed computed by FAC shown on the speed scale of PFD
• Rudder trim position will be displayed on ECAM + Rudder trim panel
• Red windshear warning on both PFD
• Rudder travel limitation position will not displayed, only max stop position shown on ECAM

Yaw damper
• Qty 2 Y/D, both engaged in normal operation Y/D #1 got priority
• Function achieved by
• Qty 2 Electro hydraulic actuators with centering element, consist of
• Qty 1 LVDT – Provides feed back in the power loop for the command side
• Qty 2 Electro valves
• Qty 1 Pressure Sw.
• Qty 1 servo valve
• Qty 2 Bypass valve
• Qty 2 RVDTs - Provides feed back in the power loop for the monitoring side
• Y/D 1 & 2 operates by change over logic and does not move the Rudder pedals
• Y/D #1 & #2 powered by Green and Yellow hydraulic systems respectively
• If both Y/D fail centering spring rod moved rudder to the neutral position
• Manual mode (AP with out engagement)
• ELAC controls YD with normal law
• Provides orders to FAC to achieve
• Turn coordination
• Dutch Roll damping
• Engine failure compensation yaw orders
• If both ELAC fails
• Only Dutch roll damping (alternate law) computed by FAC using ADIRU
• AP engaged
• FAC calculates Y/D order except land mode
• During land mode yaw order computation by FMGC directly.
• Dutch roll damping law provided by FAC using ADIRS data
• FAC controlled Engine fail compensation during TO, GA, and RWY modes using ADIRS data
• TC law computed by FAC using roll order from FMGC
• Monitoring
• At power up Y/D function safety test initiated and continuity from STBY Y/D and servo valve will be
tested
• ELAC, FMGC and ADIRU peripheral always monitored
• In flight hydraulic pressure monitored by FAC via pressure Sw. on the actuator

27
Rudder Trim
• Components are duplicated except RT selector and P/B
• Rudder pedals moves with trim orders
• Priority for FAC 1 and FAC 2 STBY, If both RT fails last deflection will be maintained
• Function achieved by
• Electromechanical actuator(consist of Qty. 2 asynchronous motors) and Qty 4 RVDTs
• Manual mode (AP not engaged)
• Controlled by Rudder trim control panel via FAC
• Reset can be done via P/B to neutral position
• Auto Mode (AP engaged)
• FAC computes using FMGC and ADIRU data
• Engine fail computation and Turn coordination used for rudder trim
• TC law computes yaw orders related to the FMGC roll orders, signals simultaneously sent to the
Rudder trim actuator and YD actuator
• Engine fail computation slow law orders sent to rudder trim actuator
• At touch down auto reset function moves rudder to the neutral position
• Power loop
• During auto test, triggered by FAC power up internal actuator monitoring checks the servo loop and
monitoring circuit validity
• Law computes the trim order then sends to actuator motor via electronic control
• Feed back in the power loop is provided by two RVDTs for each side (total quantity 4)
• Monitoring
• Computation and power loop will be monitored by comparators
• FMGC and ADIRU peripherals inputs always monitored

Rudder travel limitation

• Computed by FAC using ADIRU CAS and sent to Rudder travel limiting unit
• All the function are duplicated
• Controlled by
• Electro- mechanical RLT unit with 2 motors
• Qty. 2 RVDTs
• Qty. 2 FACs
Normal operation
• RTL law in command channel in the FAC 1 (active side) controls the RTL unit stops through
motors
Return to low speed
• If both RTL function fail, when slats are extended full deflection achieved
• Priority logic
• FAC 1 and FAC 2 STBY
• RTL control law generated deflection orders respect to the CAS
• Vc < = 160 Kts, Deflection = 25°
• Vc > = 410 Kts, Deflection = 3.5°

RTL law
• Change the deflection through a motor controlled by Electrical control unit
• Feed back in the power loop provided by one RVDT for slaving and monitoring
• Returned to low speed logic connects the motor directly to 26VDC to recover full rudder deflection

Monitoring
• Computation and power loop monitored by comparators between FAC command and monitor
channels(RTL order and RTL unit position feed back)
• Vc monitored and one of the two is selected

28
Flight Envelope Protection
• Provides
• Characteristic speeds on the PFD through DMC
• Computed by FAC
• Sends to PFDs, if parameters fail automatically switched to opposite FAC by DMC
• If airdata source used by the FAC differs to the source used by the DMC for speed
display, ECAM message “ADR DISAGREE” appears
• Characteristic speed computation based on the weight of the A/C
• In flight – FAC computes the weight with the ADIRS, FMGC ad SFCC parameters, then it
used to computes C of G
• On Ground – FAC uses weight provided by the FMGC
• Speed limits to the FMGCs for auto flight
• Alpha floor detection to the FMGCs for A/THR engagement, if it is not engaged
• A – floor detection and windshear protection computed by ELACs or FACs then sends to FMGCs
to apply full thrust
• AOA threshold is a function of flap/slat configuration, will be decreased if windshear detects.
Beyond this limit FMGC apply full thrust as per the FAC signal
• If A/C in cleaned configuration windshear compensation not avail
• ELAC trigger A – floor (Dual ADIRS failure results total A – floor detection)
• Alpha protection condition + side stick deflection > 14°
• Pitch angle > 25° + side stick deflection > 14°
• Low energy awareness
• Provides aural warning (“Speed, Speed, Speed”) to increase thrust to recover positive flight path
angle through pitch control
• Triggered before alpha floor depends on AOA, configuration deceleration rate and flight path angle
• Inhibited
• When RA > 2000ft
• Alpha floor is active
• A/C in clean configuration
• FAC computes Weight and C of G

Indication
• Over speed protection -
• Speed trend
• Target airspeed
= (Green colour) VMO + 6Kts / MMO + 0.01
↑ Appears only speed > 2Kts and removed speed < 1 Kts and FAC failure
Indicates speed after 10 sec if acceleration or deceleration remain constant
= (Magenta colour) Computed by FMGC
(Cyan colour) manually entered on FCU for selected speed mode

• ECON speed range (Magenta colour) In descend mode with ECON mode selected speed will be
replaced Upper and lower limits calculated by FMGC. (Indicates range of
descend speed +20 and –20 Kts or Vmin or VLS which ever is higher)

Green
dot Vmax
VFE next
↑ 1(F/S) V1(min flap/slat retractable speed)
↑
VLS

Alpha protection speed

Alpha max speed

• Minimum selectable speed (VLS)

- Computed by FACs, indicated at top of amber strip (during T/O =1.13Vs,
becomes 1.23Vs as soon as any flap or slat selected until landing)
- Above 20000 ft corrected to mach effect to maintain 0.2G buffet margin
- Inhibited from touch down up to 10 sec after lift-off
29
• Alpha protection speed
- Represent speed corresponding to the AOA, which AOA becomes active
- Computed in pitch normal law by FACs
• Alpha max speed - Represent speed corresponding to the max AOA may be reached in pitch
normal law by FACs
• Max. sped (Vmax) - Determined by FACs
- Represent of the following
VMO (Max operating speed or speed corresponding to the MMO (max
operating Mach)
VLE (Max L/G extended speed)
VFE (Max flap extended speed)
• Stall warning speed - Defined to the top of red and black strip with flight control in alternate or
direct law
- Inhibited from touch down up to 5 sec after lift off, computed by FACs

• Decision speed (V1) - Manually inserted by the crew via MCDU, indication removed after lift off
• Minimum Flap retraction speed (-F)
- Visible when Flap selector in position 3 or 2, computed by FACs
• Minimum Slat retraction speed (-S)
- Visible when Flap selector in position 1, computed by FACs
• Maximum flap extended speed (VFE) [amber dashes]
- Predicted next VFE at flap/slat position, computed by the FACs only
displayed A/C altitude < 15000ft
• Engine out operating speed in clean configuration (Green dot)
- Displayed only in flight, represent speed corresponding to the best lift
and drag ratio.

Engagement
• Normal configuration
FAC
FAULT Sw pressed IN – Fault Lt. and OFF Lt. OFF provided internal monitoring and
engagement logic present
OFF
Sw. released OUT - OFF Lt. ON and FAC disengaged
Fault Lt. ON – P/B pressed IN and FAC not engaged or not installed
-Computer fail (A/C on Gnd.+ engine S/D reset automatic if
fault disappeared)
-FAC disengaged
-If temp. power lost (In-flight reset possible by FAC P/B Sw.)
Fault Lt. flashes – P/B pressed and during 30 sec test power up

• ECAM message (Fault Lt. OFF) and FAC remain engaged if

• One or several Yaw axis control function fail
• YD fail
• Rudder trim fail
• RTL fail

Auto Thrust
Calculates signals required to engine controls to follow given mode (Acquisition and holding of speed or Mach
number)

Pressed ON – A/THR engagement confirmed by green bars Lt. ON

Pressed OFF – A/THR function disengaged
A/THR
(On Gnd, A/THR automatically engages when T/O initiated with Thrust levers)

• To perform A/THR function Thrust target computed by FMGC and chosen by FCU
• Each FCU processor sends thrust target to EECs via EIUs

30
• A/THR engagement
• Pilot moves T/L to TO/GA or FLX/MCT
• FMGC automatically engaged
• T/O mode for Yaw and longitudinal guidance [RWY and SRS(speed reference system)]
• A/THR function
• FD symbol appears on PFD (Green FD yaw bar + pitch bar)
• Manually
• By pressing A/THR P/B on FCU
• Inhibited if altitude <100 ft RA with engines running
• Auto
• When AP/FD engaged during T/O or GA modes
• In flight, when A - floor detected ; inhibited below 100 ft RA except during 15 sec. following lift off
• A/THR engagement is conformed by logic of activation in the EECs
• Displays A/P data and information on
• MCDU – Displays data related to the management part (identification of successive way points of flight
plan)
• FCU – Displays
• Lights gives mode identification
• LCD shows reference parameters (during climb with A/P engaged altitude display shows altitude
to be captured)
• PFDs – Displays
• FD symbols
• Status guidance functions and modes
• Reference parameters ( Target speed values represent by symbol on the speed scale)
• NDs – Flight plan and Nav. Data (Airports, way points around A/C present position)
• ECAM E/W - Warning messages related to failure of components or functions
• Status pages – Landing capabilities
• Thrust levers
• Manually operated and electrically controlled by EECs
• Never move electrically
• Consist of 3 detents
• Rear selector – Idle reverse up to max reverse
• Center selector
• “0”- Idle thrust
• “CL” – Maximum climb thrust
• Forward selector –
• FLX/MCT – Flexible T/O or Maximum continuous thrust (after engine failure)
• TO/GA – Max take off thrust TO/GA limit
• EEC computes thrust limit as per position of thrust lever
• Both T/L in same detent – T/limit corresponds to this detent
• Both T/L not in same detent – T/limit corresponds to next higher detent
• FMGC select higher of the EEC 1 and EEC 2 T/limits for thrust target computation
• A/Thrust function logic
• Disengaged
• Thrust levers controls engines
• FCU A/THR Lt. OFF
• FMA no A/THR engagement or modes
• Engagement
• Active if
• At least one T/L between “CL” and “0” stop and at the most one T/L between “FLX/MCT” and
“CL” detent and if no engine in FLX T/O mode
• A –floor protection in active independently of T/L position
• If one engine failed, activation zone becomes FLX/MCT and “0” stop
• When A/THR function is active
• A/THR system controls the engine
• FCU A/THR LT.ON
• FMA displays A/THR engagement status (white) and A/THR mode

31
 • Not Active if
• At least one T/L out of active area
• Both T/L above “CL” detent
• At least one engine in FLX T/O mode with A – floor protection not active
• When not active
• T/L controls the engines (as long as T/L out of active area)
• A/THR P/B Lt. ON
• FMA shows A/THR engagement status (CYAN) + MAN THR rating

• Modes
• Computes T/target according to modes and related parameters
• Reference
• Speed or Mach number
• Selection is either FCU (Chosen value) or FMGC it self
• Thrust
• Source either EECs (computes T/limits) where T/limit needed or FMGC it self
• Retard
• Can be OVRD by A – Flow detection
• Choice of the mode by automatically by FMGC according to active A/P or FD vertical mode
• Choice bases on simple law – “Priority to the speed control”
• A/P (with elevator) control A/C speed
• A/THR has to control the engine by fixed trust demand (thrust mode)
• A/P controls on the A/C parameters (E.g. Altitude)
• A/THR has to take care of the A/C speed by a variable thrust demand to the engine (Speed / Mach
mode)
• Retard
• Only avail in auto land when engine thrust to be reduced to idle for flare phase altitude < 40 ft RA
• No vertical mode engaged
• A/THR operative only in speed/Mach mode except
• When thrust mode engaged automatically during A – floor
• When A/THR being in RTD, if A/P is disengaged, A/THR function remain in RTD mode, A/C being
on Gnd.

AP and FD related modes with A/THR

AP/FD pitch modes A/THR modes
V/S – FPA
DES (GEOMATRIC PATH)
ALT*, ALT
ALT CRZ*, ALT CRZ SPEED/MACH MODE
G/S*, G/S
FONAL, FINAL APP
AP/FD OFF
CLB,DES (idle path)
OPEN CLB/OPEN DES
EXP CLB/EXP DES THR (CLB, IDLE) MODE
SRS
FLARE RETARD (IDLE)

• Alpha flow protection

• Detected by each FAC
• If excessive AOA or avoidance maneuver, FAC sends orders to FMGC which activate A – floor
protection
• A/THR automatically engaged or stayed active
• Engine thrust equal to T/O GA thrust by any control lever position
• Green “A.FLOOR” with Amber flashing box displayed on the FMA
• No A –Floor detection in the FACs Green message “TOGA LK” with Amber flashing box displayed on
the FMA
• A – floor protection can only be cancelled by disengagement of A/THR function

32
• A/THR operation in flight
• A/C on Gnd.
• No A/P, A/THR engaged, engine controlled by T/Levers
• Pilot moves T/L to TOGA or FLEX/MCT (if Flex temp selected on MCDU)
• A/THR function engaged not activated
• FMA “MAN TOGA”
• At reduction altitude FMA shows THR Lever to indicate pilot to move T/L to “CL” detent
• As soon as T/L at “CL” detent A/THR active if T/L “CL - MCT” or “0 – CL” area message on
FMA warns pilot to set T/L to “CL” detent
• (White “LVR CLB” message if thrust lever set in “CL – MCT” area, Amber “Lever ASYM”
message if in “0 – CL” area)
• A/THR remain active
• T/L remain in this position until the approach phase
• During auto landing before touch down
• Auto call out “Retard” – Pilot has to move T/L to zero stop
• A/THR disengages
• Gnd. spoiler activate automatically if they were in armed condition
• Roll out
• On Gnd.
• Pilot move T/L to Rev sector
• Disconnection
• By pilot action ( press one of the 2 Red P/B on the T/L or by pressing A/THR P/B on FCU)
• System failure (A/THR disengagement can also due to an external sensor failure)
• When A/THR function active
• Actual engine thrust not required to correspond T/L position
• When A/THR disconnection
• Made by P/B on T/L
• Thrust immediately adjust the T/L position
• FCU P/B disconnection or failure
• If lever was in detent
• Engine thrust will be frozen at its last value just before disconnection (memo mode)
• If lever was not in or moved out the detent
• Thrust of the corresponding engine smoothly adapted to the lever position

A/THR selection priority

Engagement of AP Engagement of FD
1 2 1 2 Selected A/THR
ON * * * A/THR 1
OFF ON * * A/THR 2
OFF OFF ON * A/THR 1
OFF OFF OFF ON A/THR 2
OFF OFF OFF OFF A/THR 1 OR 2 if
A/THR 1 fail

* - Indicates ON or OFF
• A/THR consist of 2 systems can be engaged at the same time but only one can be selected at a time
• Selected A/THR function will be active upon the T/lever position will be controlled by FMGC via FCU
• In auto control same FMGC controls engines ad flight controls

FMA display
THR MCT – Single engine thrust climb, live engine is at maximum continuous thrust (T/L at MCT detent)
THR CLB – Climb thrust two-engine configuration
THR LVR – Undetermined thrust
THR IDLE – Minimum thrust

33
Maintenance Systems
• AFS Type system
• Use of FIDS active only in FAC 1
• Access to the system via CFDS

FIDS
• Used as a system Bite to concentrate maintenance information and compare with all information from
other AFS computers to filter unwanted gives most accurate faults to CFDS
• Receives commands from CFDS and sent to other AFS system Bites and receives malfunction report from
Bites if applicable reports to CFDS
• If FIDS fails Bites continues to work and the result can be read in the shop or after FAC 1 change
• BITES
• Each AFS computers consist of Bites to Detect, Isolate, Memorize faults
• FCU and MCDU Bites memorize only detection task
• FCU Bites
• Computes Bites and sent to each FMGC command port
• MCDU
• Fail detection on own Bites
• Fail output discrete sent to FG 1 & 2 commands ports
• Fail Lt. ON
• AFS test
• AFS LRU items to test before and after replacement to get fault data
• Land test
• Checks availability and integrity of Land mode
• Equipment required to obtain Land - 3
• Ground test
• Simulates air mode to get access to internal and external failures
• Safety test
• Starts after long time power interruption
• Permitted only on Gnd. except FCU, which can be performs air and Gnd.
• During test no action to performed on the system
• If unit fails the test detects as faulty and ECAM failure message will be on the Status page
• Conditions
• A/C on Gnd.
• Both engines shut down
• Hydraulic pressure required to FACs only
• Pull the CB’s for tested computer (FCU both channels CB’s to be pulled)
• Wait 7 min. for FCU and 15 sec for other computers
• Reset CB’s (If for FCU not wait 7 min. display indicates previous memorized readings, after
correct time period displays 100 and 0 alternatively )
• 7 min time to discharge internal battery of FCU
• Wait 1 min to execute safety test
Trouble shooting action after pilot report
• Interrogate CFDS system test for AFS page
• Check last leg report on the AFS main menu page
• Last leg report empty or AFS LRU fault message if any carry out safety test
• Perform AFS test
• If Pass, carry out Land test
• If fail change related LRU
• If Fail, check AFS LRU fault message or
• May be ambiguous message, refer TSM

Data base loading

• Can be performed using portable database loader to FMCG 1 or 2
• Optional cross loading function allows load data base from one FMGC to other
• Loading by loader takes 15 to 30 min, cross loading will be done with in 3.5 to 7.5 min.

34
FMGC warnings
• AP OFF – M/W + Aural warning
• Due to action on the take over P/B (no status message)
• Due to another reason other than the P/B (Status message shows inoperative Systems)
• Failure of both FD
• Red FD flag will be displayed provided FD P/B selected on the EFIS control panel (warning generated
by DMC)
• A/THR OFF – M/C amber A/THR message on E/W display
• Due to action on the instinctive P/B
• T/lever setting on idle altitude > 50 ft
• A/THR limited
• A/THR active and T/levers bellow the climb detent
• Capacity change – triple click + FMA
• Landing capacity down grading
• FCU 1 or FCU 1 + 2 fault
• Status message in Inoperative systems
• FCU 1 + 2 fail M/C + Status message
• MCDU failure
• Amber fail annunciator Lt. illuminates on the MCDU
• Altitude alert – C – cord aural warning
• Inhibited during G/S capture
• Cancelled by
• Turning the FCU altitude knob
• L/G lever set to down with slats extended
• L/G down and locked
• Decision height – Audio call out
• Auto land
• Red warning Lt. informed pilot to action to land or GA
• Only activated land mode at least with one AP engaged
• Cancelled
• LOC mode
• AP disengagement
• Performing GA

35
 COMMUNICATION (CHAPTER – 23)
Very High Frequency System (VHF)
• Short range voice communication system between A/Cs or A/C to Gnd.
• AMU acts as a interface between ACP and transceiver
• RMPs tune the transceivers directly as per the frequency selection on input ‘A’ and ‘B’
• Input ‘A’ for normal RMP operation
• Input ‘B’ for RMP failure
• Components
• Qty 3 Transceivers
• Qty 3 blade antennas
• Qty 3 RMPs
• Qty 3 ACPs
• Qty 1 AMU
• SDAC acquires PTT signal and send to ECAM message “COM : VHF 1 CONT EMITTING” if continuous
emitting > 60 sec to DFDR
• ACP will select transmission and reception through AMU

High frequency system (HF)

• Long rang voice communication system between A/C or A/C and ground stations
• RMP will be control frequency selection of the transceiver
• HF transceiver and the SDAC use to record
• ACP will select transmission and reception through AMU
• Bite function can be done by CFDS
• HF couplers located in the ceiling of the Aft galley

SELCAL
• Provides visual and aural indications to the crew concerning calls from ground stations through VHF or HF
systems
SELCAL CODE SELECTIO N PANEL

A D C E

• When SELCAL message received CALL Lt. on the VHF or HF TR push button will be flashing and buzzer
sounds (Buzzer signal comes from FWC)
• CALL indication can be manually cleared by pressing reset key or automatically upon transmission on the
called system.
• SELCAL system performed in the SELCAL – CALL card in the AMU
• When SELCAL signal is present compares with the code selected on the code selection panel, if two
codes agree message sends to the various ACPs via corresponding audio cards

CIDS (Cabin Intercommunication data system)

• Provides interface flight crew, cabin attendants, passengers, ground service and various cabin systems
dedicated to cabin attendants or passenger use
• Operator can change the cabin layout with out change hard wear change
• Monitors, tests, controls and operates cabin functions

36
CIDS directors link with several functions

Passenger
DEU functions
Flight deck “A”
Controls &
indications

Directors Crew
Aircraft DEU functions
system ”B”
functions

PTP
Cabin
system
FAP function
s

Directors
• Includes OBRMs
• Interfaces with other systems through PTP
• In normal operation Director 2 in hot STBY(Both Directors receives same inputs but outputs on Director 2
in hot STBY)
• Continuously energized when service and Essential bus bars powered
• During Normal operation
• Essential bus bar powered
• Active director
• All the circuits in DEU”A “ required for PA system
• All the circuits in DEU”B” required for PA and interphone
• Service bus bar powered
• Active and second Directors
• Non essential circuits in DEUs
• PTP
• FAP
• Area call panels
• Attendant indication panels
• Aft attendant panel
• Abnormal operation
• Service bus power not available, following will be not powered
• Second Directors
• Non essential circuits in DEUs
• PTP
• FAP
• Area call panels
• Attendant indication panels
• Aft attendant panel
• During PA operation Essential bus provides top line buses in the DEU”A” which is required for PA
function
• Essential bus power loss
• Circuits in the Directors and DEUs switches to Service bus for full rang CIDS operation except in
emergency configuration
• With both Essential and service bus failure, provided emergency Lt. Sw. selected to Arm or ON all
CIDS circuits connected to the Essential bus will be connected to the Hot battery bus
• If self test fails on Director 1 during power up test Director 2 takes over

37
PTP
• Includes CAM (Cabin Assignment module), stores all information for the actual cabin layout
• Contains cabin layout 1, 2, 3, and M
• In the basic configuration only layout 1 will be programmed
• Only layout M can be modified via PTP
• Can be programmed and test CIDS
• For correct operation CAM must be plugged in
• Automatically supplied if DC service bus powered and automatically switched OFF panel not used foe 10
min
• Testing the emergency light system can be done by Qty 2 Sws. and 2 Lts.

FAP
• Connected directly to the CIDS directors for control, monitoring, indication and test of the CIDS
• Connected to the Directors and DEU”B”s
• FAP composed with
• Light panel – Comprises various cabin Lt. Controls
• Power Sw. provide power to the Lavatory Lts., Pax reading Lts., Attendant work Lts.
• Audio panel – Centralized control of passenger entertainment, Boarding music and pre recorded
announcements
• Water and miscellaneous panel

EMER Emergency Lt. Guarded P/B – Switch ON and OFF emergency Lts.

Lavatory smoke Lt. Sw. – Warns lav. Smoke

- Commands from the smoke detection control unit
LAV - Light reset only when smoke disappeared

Reset Sw. – Resets only aural and visual warnings in the cabin during Lav.
RESET
smoke with out effecting the LAV SMOKE indication on the FAP

EVAC Lt. Sw. – Indicates evacuation command

EVAC

COMD COMD P/B – Activates evacuation system

- Integral Lt. Comes ON with the system activation

Reset Sw. Resets all call passenger calls

RESET

38
 CIDS Caution Lt. – Indicates CIDS caution
- Both CIDS directors fail
CAUT
- 50% of DEU”A” fail
- 20% of adjacent DEU”A” fail (zone vise)
- All DEU”B” with handset fail
- Resettable in flight but illuminates again on Gnd. L/G down
and locked
- Can not reset on Gnd. If failure still persist
- Failure message will be displayed on the PTP
• Air conditioning panel – Fwd and Aft cabin temp. will be indicated

Aft attendant panels (AAP)

• Can be control various cabin control as same as the FAP
• Connected to the DEU”B”
• Basic panel contain EVAC indicating Lt. and RESET Sw.

DEU”A”
• Provides interface between passengers and passenger related systems
• Cabin Lts. – Entrance area Lts., Ceiling Lts., Attendant Lts. and Lavatory Lts
• Reading Lts. – Power units (one for 3 reading Lts.) located in the PSUs
• Pax call – Seat row Lts.
• Signs – No smoking, FSB, Return to the seat
• Loudspeakers – Used for PA, Chimes and Music
• Total Qty 26 located in the cabin above windows
• Connected to the Directors via Top line data buses(two wire twisted and shielded cable)
• Broken wire of top line bus will effect only down stream of the damage, others will operate normally.
• Bus termination resistor located in the DEU mount on each line for impedance matching
• Loss of Top line bus can effect not more then half of the DEUs insalled on one cabin side
• Each DEU connected to
• Qty 3 PSUs
• Qty 2 loudspeakers
• Qty 4 Fluorescent Lts. Which are part of the CIDS
• Cording Sw. on each DEU mount gives unique address
• Failure of the Data bus
• Gives full brightness of the Qty 4 fluorescent Lts.
• All other systems connected to the data bus will go OFF
• All audio input/outputs immediately Sw. OFF

DEU”B”
• Total Qty 4 located in the exit doors in the ceiling
• Connected to the Middle line data buses one on each side of the cabin to provide information to
Directors
• Bus termination resistor located in the DEU mount on each line for impedance matching
• Cording Sw. on each DEU mount gives unique address
• CIDS power up test or reset Director follows routine, includes initialization and each DEU and connected
equipment. Test results transmitted to the Directors, then compares them with its programmed data to
decide on their status (95% of possible DEU failures are automatically detected)
• Provides interface between directors and cabin related systems
• Door pressure sensors - If the bottle pressure is low CIDS caution Lt. Will illuminates
• Slide pressure sensors – If the bottle pressure is low CIDS caution Lt. Will illuminates
• Handsets
• Provides crew communication and PA
• Hand set volume can be adjusted by two potentiometers located in the PTT P/B
• Phone sensitivity
• Mic sensitivity
• EPSUs – Provides emergency Lt. System test

39
 • Attendant indication panels
• Located at each attendant station for message purposes
• Indicated information processed by CIDS
• Display of hand set related information
• Interphone system messages
• PA system messages
• PAX lighted sign activation information
• PAX call indication
• Miscellaneous information

• Pink Lt. – Lt. and text flashes for emergency call from captain and evacuation signal
activation
• Green Lt. – Indicates normal calls
• Upper row – Indicates cabin and flight interphone system information
• High priority calls will be displayed with full width of the top line
• Divided in to 3 parts
• Outer left – Interphone handset status information
• Lower row – Information derived by CIDS
• Middle – Blank
• Outer right – Desired interphone station or system information
• Bite
• Bite output indicates operational status of the AIP to the connected DEU”B”
• Bite capabilities includes power up test and automatic periodic tests
• Area call panels
• Connected to the DEU”B”
• Indicates
• Crew calls
• PAX calls
• Lavatory smoke warnings / call

• Amber – Lavatory call and Emergency calls

• Pink – Crew call
• Blue – Pax call
• Additional attendant panels
• Drainmasts – Connected via drain mast control unit, If control unit or heater fails CIDS caution Lt. will
illuminates
DEU mounts
• Basically the same but due to the index pins can not interchange DEU”A”s and DEU”B”s
• During mount change old code must be selected on the coding Sws.
• Bus termination resistor located on the DEU mount

Passenger functions
• Cabin illumination control
• Passenger Address (PA)
• Allows voice communication to broadcast to all passengers from flight deck and cabin attendants
stations through CIDS
• Transmits in digital format on the top line data buses to the DEU”A” to loudspeakers and via PESC to
the PCU then to head sets
40
 • Can be manually initiated from flight deck or from the cabin
• From flight deck
• Handsets – When press PTT Sw. activate AIP message “PA ALL IN USE”
• Hand mic – On ACP PA T/R key must be pressed and held and press PTT Sw. on the mic,
to receive side tone and control the volume PA reception knob must be press and released
(activate AIP message “PA ALL IN USE”)
• Boom mic – On ACP PA T/R key must be pressed and held, to receive side tone and control
the volume PA reception knob must be press and released (activate AIP message “PA ALL IN
USE”)
• Oxygen mask - conjunction with ACPs same as boom mike
• N/S and FSB Sw. set to ON
• From the cabin
• Attendants handsets
• When attendant lift the phone 400Hz tone will be heard and # appears on the AIP top line
• When “PA ALL” key pressed conformation “PA ALL” message will appear on the AIP, If
PA announcement in progress “BUSY” message appears
• Pressing the Reset key always clear the hand set operation
• Once the PA call established “PA ALL IN USE” appears on the bottom line
• From the FAP pre recorded announcements stored in the PRAM
• If video system installed announcements can be initiated from the VCU
• Can be automatically initiated from the PRAM
• N/S or FSB flight deck Sws. set to auto
• Cabin depressurization occurs
• Priority – Programmed in the CAM
st
• 1 – Flight compartment
nd nd
• 2 – Cabin attendant stations (FAP got 2 level of priority as a option)
rd
• 3 – Prerecorded announcements
th
• 4 – Boarding music and/or entertainment system
• PA volume adjustment
• Amplifications will be done by DEU”A”
• With engine running automatic volume increased by +6db
• Cabin decompression will increase by +4db

• Passenger call system

• If NO call activated all seat row numbering Lts. Will be steadily illuminated
• If passenger calls
• Respective seat raw number will flash
• Blue Lt. on the ACP illuminates
• One Hi chime sounds
• Several passenger calls at the same time, maximum of 3 chimes sounds, can be reset by same
call P/B press again or from the FAP reset P/B
• PAX lavatory call
• Integrated call Lt. ON
• Amber Lt. on the ACP illuminated
• Respective lavatory Amber Lt. illuminated
• Chime sounds
• Can be reset by same call Lt. press again

• Passenger lighted signs

• No smoking signs
• Achieved by 3 position Sw. in the flight deck
NO SMOKING
ON ON / OFF – Acti vation and deactivation of No smoking, seat row number
A and Exit signs
U - Low chime activates when Sw. ON/OFF
T Auto – L/G down and locked signs Sw. ON + visual and aural warnings
O ON
OFF

41
 • Seat Belts signs

SEAT BELTS
ON Sw. select ON – Visual and Aural indication will be triggered

OFF

• In case of excessive cabin altitude No smoking, exit and fasten seat belts signs illuminates
automatically

Passenger Entertainment System

• Music
• System consist of
• Main Mux
• Audio Reproducer
• Wall Disconnect Unit (WDU) - (Qty 6) Provides line amplification
• SEB
• PCU

SEB PCU
MAIN WDU
MUX

SEB PCU

WDU
Audio
Reproducer

WDU

• Video
• System consist of
• Main Mux
• System Control Unit (SCU)
• VCR
• Tapping Unit
• Monitors

Monitors
MAIN T/U
MUX

Monitors
T/U
VCR

Monitors
T/U

42
Crew functions
Inter phone system
• Three interphone systems
• Flight interphones
• Allows communication between
• Flight crew members
• Cabin and flight crew
• Flight crew and ground crew at Gnd. receptacle and Avionics bay
• Cabin interphones
• Allows communication between
• Flight deck and cabin attendant stations
• Between cabin attendants stations
• CIDS director performs switching and call functions as per the priority
• Chimes delivered on the top line data bus to the loudspeakers
• All communication calls activates as per the following priorities
st
• 1 – Emergency call
nd
• 2 – Call from the flight deck(All call and normal call)
rd
• 3 – All call from cabin
th
• 4 – Normal call from cabin
• In addition above among interphone stations have priorities, if two stations dial together call
st
goes to the highest priority station or two stations with same priority, call directed to the 1
dialed station.
• Call from the cabin connected to the type “B” DEUs
• Call from flight deck will initiated from Directors
• Call P/B on the call panel enable crew to select required cabin attendant station
Calls
ALL
ALL P/B pressed IN – Initiates conference mode communication more then two
stations
- All stations connects to the common link including flight
deck

All P/B on the cabin handset pressed - All stations connects to the common link
ALL except flight deck

EMER

CALL P/B pressed – Emergency call initiated from the flight deck to common link
between flight deck and all attendant stations.
ON - CALL Lt. illuminates
- Amber Lt. on the cabin ACPs
- 3x high – Low chime

Emergency call P/B on the cabin any handset pressed – Initiates emergency call
EMER only to the flight deck
CALL

FWD

FWD P/B – Call initiated only to fwd attendant stations

AFT
AFT P/B – Call initiated only to aft attendant stations

43
 • When call initiated visual and aural indications will be initiated at the AIPs and ACPs
• High – Low chimes will be broadcast in the assigned zones loudspeakers
• Call from the cabin will activate buzzer and flight deck ACPs ATT Lt.
• Attendant to attendant station call
• High – Low chime at the called station only
• Calling station ACP pink Lt. ON

• Service interphones between

• Deferent service station jacks and flight deck and cabin stations
• Service interphone system made up with
• Qty 8 interphone jacks
• OVRD Sw. in the flight deck OVHD panel
• Service interphone system control amplifier located in the CIDS directors
• Two mode to connect jacks to the system
• Automatic mode
• On Gnd. Only
• L/G down and compressed or
• External power connected
• Manual mode
• OVHD panel Service interphone P/B pressed – ON Lt. illuminated
SVCE INT Used when A/C on Gnd.+ 10 sec No
OVRD signal from LGCIU

ON

•
Operation from flight deck
• To establish audio communication through service interphone jacks CAB reception key and
ATT transmission key on the ACP to be pressed, audio signal transmitted via AMU
• Operation from the cabin
• To establish audio communication through service interphone jacks SER on the handset to be
pressed, audio signal transmitted via DMU”B” to the service interphone amplifier in the CIDS
director
• Message “SERVICE INT” appears on the calling station AIP, in other stations AIPs indicates
“SERV INT IN USE”
• Emergency evacuation signaling
• Provides visual and aural signaling in the flight deck and cabin followed by crew action
• Can be controlled by flight deck or cabin

COMMAND
Sw. pressed – System activates ON Lt. illuminates and Fwd and Aft attendant
EVAC panel EVAC Lt. flashes + tone sounds

ON EVAC Lt. – Flashes RED when system activated from cabin or flight deck

HORN
SHUT OFF
Horn shuts OFF in the flight deck

CAPT
& PURS
CAPT and PURS – Allows to system to trigger from flight deck or purser station

CAPT – System can only be triggered from flight deck

CAPT

44
 Reset Sw. – Resets only evacuation tone in the corresponding door area
RESET
attendant loudspeaker

EVAC Lt. Sw. – Indicates evacuation command by Lt. flashing

EVAC

EVAC P/B – Activates evacuation system if flight deck Sw. set to “Capt and Purs”
position
COMD - Integral Lt. Comes ON with the system activation

• With evacuation signal activation AIP message “EVACUATION ALEART” displays with flashing
RED Lt.

Cabin system functions

• Boarding music and Pre-recorded announcement
• Provided by PRAM (Prerecorded announcement and boarding music reproducer) controlled by audio
module which is part of FWD attendant panel
• Connected to CIDS director to receive and transmit data
• PRAM
• Contains Qty 2 cassettes decks, up to 256 prerecorded announcements can be stored
• In the event of cabin pressure decompression automatically starts prerecorded emergency
announcements in synthetic voice
• Output audio level can be adjusted by the front of the reproducer
• Pre recorded announcements can be control from the FAP
• Boarding music
• BGM channel can be position at PRAM or PES reproducer
• Controlled by audio module fitted in the FAP
• Lavatory smoke warning
• Emergency lighting
• Temperature regulated drain mast system

Monitoring and test functions

• System programming and test
• Work light test
• Escape slide bottle pressure monitoring
• Reading light test
• Extended emergency lighting test
Aircraft system functions
• Interface with A/C systems
• FWC, LGICU, PRAM, SFCC, …

Flight deck control and indicating

• Call panel
• EVAC panel
• NS/FSB panel
• Handset
• Service interphone OVHD Sw.

45
CVR
• Records in flight and Gnd. crew conversation and radio communications for 30 sec (solid state CVR
records for 2 hrs)
• CVR microphone records direct communications of the crew
• CVR head set jack mounted on the maintenance panel 50 vu
• Automatically energized
• In flight until 5 min after last engine S/down (Powered in flight with engines are running or not)
• During power up for 5 min
• Manually energized by pressing GND.CTL P/B on the CVR control panel

GND CTL
Switch is a momentary type
Press – ON Lt. illuminates
ON - Power the system when only A/C on Gnd.

• CVR test
• Press test P/B either in flight or on Gnd., test 600Hz tone appears four times (one for each four
channels)
• If parking break applied test tone will be heard over flight deck loudspeakers, if not test tone only over
the test headset.
• If engines are shut down before erase Gnd. control P/B to be pressed to power the system
• CVR erase
• Possible only A/C on Gnd.(L & R MLG shock absorbers pressed) with parking break applied and press
P/B > 2 sec.
• Erase all 4 channels simultaneously
• If engines are shut down before erase Gnd. control P/B to be pressed to power the system
• CVR normal mode
• Records 4 channels
rd
• Channel 1, 2, 3 via AMU capt’s, FO’s and 3 occupants
th
• 4 channel direct from CVR mic via mic amplifier (Amplifier located in the OVHD panel)

ACP
• Qty. 3 located in the flight deck
• Controls and indication communication and navigation facilities
• Displays various calls received through SELCAL, Gnd. call and cabin attendants

CALL CALLL CALL CALL CALL MECH ATT

VHF 1 VHF 2 VHF 3 HF 1 HF 2 INT CAB

INT

ON
PA
VOICE RESET PA
RAD

VOR 1 VOR 2 MKR ILS MLS ADF 1 ADF 2

46
Transmission keys

Green bars – Lt. ON when system selected

CALL CALL Lt. – Flashes in amber to indicate SELCAL call
MECH Lt. - Flashes in amber to indicate ground call
ATT Lt. - Flashes in amber to indicate attendant call
(Only one transmission Lt. can be selected at once)
• Cabin transmission key
• Pressed – Boom mask and hand mikes may be used for cabin interphone

Reception Knobs

Channel OFF (P/B pressed IN) – Disconnects associated audio reception channel

Channel ON (P/B pressed out) – Selects associated audio reception channel

• Cabin reception knob

• When switch pushed and released out - Station receives audio signal from cabin

SELCAL/CALL reset key

Press – Extinguishes CALL, MECH and ATT lights

RES ET

• Chancels all lighted calls (MECH and ATT Lts. go off automatically after 60 sec. if call not cancelled by
reset key)
Interphone/Radio selection Sw.
• Provides utilization interphone with boom set or Oxygen mask
• Int. position
• Allows direct interphone transmission
• What ever the TR P/B selected and NO PTT is activated
• Even NO TR key selected
• Neutral position allows reception only
• RAD position used as PTT Sw. when TR key selected
ON Voice P/B
• Used ADF or VOR selected to attenuate identification signal to listen voice transmission
• Green On Lt. illuminated when Sw. pressed IN and voice filter in service

PA P/B
• Enables PA transmission to be pressed in during the transmission

RMP
• Qty 3 located in the flight deck (One optional)
• Used for selection of radio communication and navigation frequencies
• Each RMP can control any VHF, HF frequency
• All 3 RMP permanently dialogue each other and informed last selection made by any one.
• If two RMP failed remaining RMP can control all VHF and HF transceivers
• For communication 3 VHF and 2 HF P/B available for selection
• SEL Lt. illuminates in white to indicates non dedicated RMP takes control frequency selection

• Normal configuration
• RMP 1 allocated with VHF 1
• RMP 2 allocated with VHF 2
• RMP 3 allocated with VHF 3 (HF 1)
[If VHF 2 selected on RMP 1, SEL LT. illuminates on white on RMP 1 & 2]
• If RMP fails display starts to blink on failed RMP, sends discrete signal to system reconfiguration
• Bite function available from CFDS via RMP 1, If RMP 1 fails bite function inoperative

47
Audio Management Unit (AMU)
• Ensures interface between jack and ACP and various radio communication and navigation systems
• Serves to records communication (CAA recording)
• Equipped with test circuit which connects to CFDS and ensure following functions
• Transmission – Collects microphone inputs of the various crew stations and directs them to
communication transceivers
• Reception – Collects them from various outputs from communication and navigation transceivers and
directs them to crew stations
• SELCAL
• Enables reception with aural and visual indications of calls from Gnd. stations equipped with
coding device
• SELCAL decoding unit located in the AMU
• Display of Gnd. crew and cabin attendant calls
• Ground call
• When call P/B pressed on the External power control panel (108 vu), Gnd. signal send to the
selcal/call card and FWC. FWC activates the buzzer and sends to the F/D amplifiers in the
AMU to broadcast through loudspeakers. SELCAL/CALL card sends signal to ACPs via audio
cards to illuminate CALL Lts.on the ACPs for 60 secs.
• Call automatically resets after 60 secs or manually reset by pressing reset P/B
• Attendant call
• When call initiated from the cabin attendant station CIDS directors send Gnd. signal to
selcal/call card sends signal to ACPs via audio cards to illuminate CALL Lts. on the ACPs for
60 secs. CIDS directors also sends a signal to FWC to activate the buzzer for 1 sec. and
sends to the F/D amplifiers in the AMU to broadcast through loudspeakers.
• Call automatically resets after 60 secs or manually reset by pressing reset P/B
• Flight Interphones
• Allows intercommunication function in the flight deck various crew stations, with ground interphone
jack and avionics compartment
• Emergency function of capt’s and FO’s stations
• Only digital data are exchanged between AMU and ACPs, NO audio signal in the ACPs
• In side the AMU switching, filtering and amplifications will be done, one audio processing card for each
ACP
• Volume control function will be done by digitally in the AMU
• Muting for the captain’s and FO’s loud speakers during transmission will be done by AMU
• Attenuating function will not be operative with the FWC audio outputs
Audio switching selector

AUDIO SWITCHING

NORM
CAPT F/O
3 3

rd rd
CAPT 3 – Captain uses 3 occupants ACP (3 occupant can not be used) + ECAM memo message
“AUDIO 3 XFRD”
Normal – Normal allocation of ACPs
rd rd
FO 3 – First officer selected to the 3 occupant (3 occupant can not be used) + ECAM memo message
“AUDIO 3 XFRD”

Forward Attendant Panel (FAP)

• Located in the fwd area of the cabin

Programming and test panel (PTP)

• Located at the PTP
• Enable to program and test CIDS
Aft Attendant panel (AAP)
• Located in the aft passenger crew door
48
 AIRCRAFT ELECRICAL SYSTEMS (CHAPTER – 24)
• Engine and APU generators capacity 90 KVA
• Emergency generator capacity 5 KVA, speed 12,000 rpm
• Power transfer priority
1. Gen. 1 (2) on AC bus 1 (2) { Own generator to its own AC bus}
2. External power even with one engine generator operation
• [If one engine running and power to both sides, then external power will take over other side AC
bus after BTC open]
3 APU generator
4 Other side engine generator
• AC Essential bus normally powered by AC bus 1, If AC bus 1 failed AC bus 2 will be powered after manual
selection by AC ESS FEED Sw. to ALTN position.
• AC Essential shed bus powered by AC Essential bus.
• AC ESS bus failure causes E/W display blank
• AC BUS 2 feeds to Lower ECAM display
• AC Emergency generation
• AC emergency power generated by constant speed motor/generator (CSM/G), located at main landing
gear bay.
• 115/26 V Auto Transformer
• Single-phase autotransformer powered by each AC bus.( Qty. 3 )
• DC power generation
• TR maximum O/P 200A, 28 VDC
• TR disconnects DC BUS control contactor if it does not sense current flow (1A, TD = 500 ms) or OVHT
detection (171° C), after defect isolation required resetting
• ESS TR powered by either AC ESS BUS or Emergency Gen. During a failure condition or a
emergency condition.(engine generators fail or TR 1 or 2 fail)
• During normal configuration TR 1 supplied to DC BUS 1, DC BAT BUS, DC ESS BUS and DC ESS
SHED BUS and TR 2 supplies DC BUS 2. ESS TR does not powered.
• If TR 1 fails TR 2 supplies to DC BAT BUS, DC BUS 1 & 2 automatically and AC ESS BUS power via
ESS TR to DC ESS BUS and DC ESS SHED BUS
• If TR 2 fails DC BUS 1 & 2,DC BAT. BUS powered by TR 1 and AC ESS BUS supplies via ESS TR to
DC ESS BUS and DC ESS SHED BUS.
• TR reset can be done by CFDS via MCDU or by TR protection module located in Avionics bay(103 vu)
• During normal operation ESS TR does not powered
• DC Battery bus
• Powered by DC bus 1 or if it fails by DC bus 2.or by both batteries through battery contactors
controlled by BCLs
• DC ESS bus
• Powered by DC BAT bus
• During emergency will be powered by battery 2 or by ESS TR.
• DC ESS Shed bus is powered by DC ESS bus

• Batteries
BAT 1(2) Sw. Pressed IN (Auto)
- BCL control battery coupling / uncoupling, after batteries fully charged contactor
FAULT
opens
OFF
Sw Released OUT
- Battery will uncouple + OFF Lt. appears(if DC Bat Bus powered)
Fault Lt. ON – Relevant battery charging current is out side of the limits, then battery
contactor will open
In flight, in normal configuration batteries are uncoupled
• Each battery permanently connected to its own Hot bus (1 or 2), can be connected to DC BAT bus.
• Capacity 24 VDC, 23 Ah
• Battery # 1 – Supply DC Bat BUS + Static inverter
• Battery # 2 – Supply DC Bat BUS + DC ESS BUS
• Batteries charged by DC BAT BUS via two battery contactors are controlled by BCLs
• Battery alone configuration will not power shed buses (Yellow CB’s to be pulled to reduce load)

49
• Battery Charge Limiters
• Controls battery contactors
• Ensure automatic battery connection for charging
• Protect the battery against thermal runaway and short circuits
• Prevent complete discharging even only battery power select ON
• BCL monitors battery charging, system failure and bite status will report to CFDS & ECAM (via SDAC)
• Both BCLs Control and monitor CSM/G and Static inverter, This will indicate when BLC test carried out
via CFDS, Rat CSM/G Fault Lt. on emergency electrical panel comes ON for few seconds
• BCL powered by DC BAT bus
• On GND.
• With normal power BCL will allow batteries to supply AC/DC ESS buses and DC BAT bus
• In flight
• Charging cycles are increased by 30min additional charging time
• During APU start BCL connects DC network to batteries to stand starter load
• BCL output data link send data to SDAC 1 & 2 and CFDS via ARINC 429
• Static inverter
• Connected to Battery 1 and supply to AC STATIC INV bus. Characteristics 115 VAC, 400 Hz
• During normal operation AC Static Inverter bus does not powered
• Located in R/H lateral avionics compartment ( above 105VU )
• Functions
• APU start (Fuel pump power supply)
• RAM air turbine deployment
• Engine start on battery (Ignition)
• Emergency configuration
• Static inverter faults signals to the Battery charge limiter (BCL), BCL memorizes class 1 failures then
displayed on ECAM upper display, such as
• OVHT
• Output/input over voltage
• Input under voltage
• Static inverter will not power AC and DC shed buses.
• Ground / Flight bus
• Connected to up stream of the external power connector, with out energizing complete A/C network

IDG push button

IDG 1 when pressed momentary, IDG will disconnect

Fault Lt. ON – IDG oil outlet OVHT or Low oil pressure

FAULT Lt. OFF – When failure on longer present or IDG disconnected

• Low oil pressure Sw. prevents IDG disconnection during engine shut down

GEN 1(2) push button

GEN In normal operation
FAULT - Generator energized and Line contactor (GLC) closes if parameters
are normal
Fault Lt. ON – If associated GCU trips line contactor
OFF - Opening of line contactor (except if GEN P/B select OFF)

APU GEN push button

APU GEN In normal operation

- APU generator energized and line contactor closes, if parameters correct
FAULT and priority is OK (Ext. power line contactor opens)
Fault Lt. ON – ECB detects any failure
OFF – If associated GCU trips line contactor
- Opening of line contactor (except if GEN P/B select OFF)

50
• APU Fault Lt. inhibited until APU reach to correct speed
• Temperature sensor on APU generator sense Hi Oil temperature. and cut off APU via ECB
• Recycle P/B will reset APU fault after defect cleared

External power push button

Ext PWR When ON

- External power contactor closes if parameters and priority correct.
AVAIL - With GENs. In line with external power Sw press, ETC closes and “ON”
Lt. illuminates (does not power the system)
ON

BUS Tie breaker

BUS TIE Auto (pressed In)

- Contactor open or close automatically according to priority
Manual (Latched OUT)
OFF
- BTCs open

AC ESS Feed push button

AC ESS FEED In normal operation

- AC ESS BUS supplied by AC BUS 1
FAULT
In alternate operation
ALTN
- AC ESS BUS supplied by AC bus 2
Fault Lt. ON – AC BUS 1 does not power AC ESS BUS (ALTN not selected manually)

Battery push button

1 BAT In normal operation (Sw. pressed IN) AUTO

FAULT
Battery charge limiter automatically connects line contactor to DC BAT BUS
- During APU start (master Sw. ON and N< 95%)
OFF - Battery voltage < 26.5v during charge (charging cycle ends at charging
current < 4amp)
On Gnd. - Immediately
In flight - After 30 min time delay
- Loss of AC bus 1 & 2 when speed < 100 KTS (emergency generator not
running) If AC bus 1 & 2 not energized + Emergency generator not running
- Battery 1 supplies AC STAT INV BUS, if speed > 50 KTS supplies to AC ESS
BUS
- Battery 2 supplies to DC ESS BUS
(In normal configuration batteries are disconnected most of the time)

Fault Lt. ON – (Contactor opens)

- BCL detect fault
- Charging current is out of limits
If BCL detects fault, Fault Lt. + CFDS + ECAM warning appears
• Automatically battery contactors open
• A/C on Gnd.
• Main power supply (external or Gen) is cut off
• Battery voltage is low

51
Galley push button

GALLEY In auto
- Main and secondary galleys will be powered
FALUT - With one generator operation Primary galley will be shed automatically
ECAM message + (No fault Lt.)
OFF - On GND. all galleys available with APU power & External power, If
APU Gen. over loaded both galleys will be shed automatically + Fault
Lt. ON

Fault Lt. illuminates - With normal operation GEN. overload detection, then by
manually P/B unlatch causes all galley shut down
• Galleys
• Main and secondary galleys powered by AC bus 1 & 2

Maintenance bus switch

MAINT BUS
ON Sw ON + Ext power available - (Green AVAIL Lt. ON) AC & DC GND.
flight busses will be supplied)
(Located on 2000 vu)

Emergency Electrical Power Logic Description

Emergency Generator
Auto Operation
• If AC power lost (AC BUS 1 & 2) speed > 100kts, Ram air turbine extend automatically even if power lost
during airdata operational check of air speed.
• During transient period (7 sec) until emergency Gen. Comes in to circuit batteries power DC ESS BUS
(from BAT. 2), AC ESS BUS + Static inverter bus (from BAT. 1)
• If Gears UP – Emergency generator comes in line and power AC & DC ESS buses
• If gear down (during approach) – Emergency generator deactivated and batteries will power AC & DC ESS
buses and Static Inverter bus.
• When the speed < 100kts – DC BAT BUS is recovered (only AC & DC ESS buses + DC BAT bus + Static
Inverter bus)
• When the speed < 50kts – AC ESS BUS disconnect from the static Inverter. (only DC BAT bus + DC ESS
bus + Static Inverter bus)
• ON GND. Only BAT. Powered to the A/C DC BAT bus + DC ESS bus + Static inverter bus only energized
• Activation of Emergency Gen. vi a blue hydraulic system only landing gear UP
• If L/Gear lever cycled (during G/A condition) emergency Gen. will deactivate (now Nose L/G not up locked
power to ESS AC & DC buses supplied by Static inverter and Battery 2 respectively), to reactivate L/G
leve r select up + emergency electrical power “MAN ON “ P/B must be pressed
• When “MAN ON “ P/B pressed ESS AC + DC ESS buses (including shed buses) will be powered by
emergency generator
• RAT solenoid 1 energized by automatic operation by HOT BAT. BUS
• RAT solenoid 2 energized by manual operation by BAT. 2

52
Main AC buses fail + Emergency condition

DC ESS AC ESS DC BAT STATIC

AC BUS 1 & 2 FAIL BUS BUS BUS INV. BUS

Before Emergency. Generator connected

speed > 100kts, Battery will power to 4 4 4
After Emergency Generator connected
Emergency Generator will power to 4 4
Speed > 100 its, Landing gear Down
Battery will power to 4 4 4
Speed < 100 kts,
Battery will power to 4 4 4 4
Speed < 50 kts,
Battery will power to 4 4 4
On Ground with only Battery power
4 4 4

Manual operation
• In-flight

RAT &
EMER GEN
Fault Lt. ON -
FAULT
Dual Gen. failure and if RAT does not extend, to extend RAT and to achieve
power need to press “MAN ON” P/B.
Fault Lt. comes ON for few seconds
During BCL test on CFDS as CSM/G and Static generator faults monitored by
BCLs

• ON Ground

MAN ON
If “MAN ON” P/B pressed RAT will extend and does not run
“MAN ON” P/B operation activates RAT even A/C in cold configuration.

A
U
T
O

Emergency Gen. test

BLUE PUMP
OVRD
Blue hydraulic system pressurized by blue pump OVRD P/B, located on maintenance
panel

ON

EMER GEN TEST

EMER Gen. Test P/B must be pressed held then monitor emergency Gen.
parameters on the ECAM under following conditions
- AC normal buses are powered
- Blue hydraulic pressure available
- AC ESS and DC ESS buses are connected to the emergency generator

53
Fuel pump supply in smoke configuration

GEN. 1 LINE When smoke warning appears, following action required

• Select Gen. 1 line contactor (GLC) OFF (L/H & R/H # 1 fuel pumps
SMOKE remain powered by up stream of the GLC, AC BUS 1 powered by AC
BUS 2 via BTCs)
OFF

MAN ON Press emergency electrical power “MAN ON” Sw.

- RAT will extend, if parameters OK Emergency Gen. power to AC ESS
BUS and DC ESS BUS will power via ESS TR
- Sw. OFF Gen. 2 & APU GEN.
A
U
T
O - Before L/G extension Gen.2 + Emergency elect. Gen. 1 line to be set ON

System Warnings

- IDG Oil low press/OVHT - M/C + A/W + IDG fault Lt. On cont. panel, ECAM activation
- Gen. Fault - M/C + A/W + Gen. fault Lt. On cont. panel, ECAM activation
- Bat 2 Fault - M/C + A/W + BAT fault Lt. On cont. panel, ECAM activation
Faulty battery will disconnect automatically
- Gen. Over load - M/C + A/W + Galley fault Lt. On cont. panel, ECAM activation
- AC BUS 2 Fault - M/C + A/W + lower ECAM display lost
- DC ESS BUS will be fed form ESS TR
- DC BUS 2 supplied from DC BUS 1 via DC BAT. BUS
- AC ESS BUS Fault - M/C + A/W + AC ESS FEED fault Lt. On cont. panel, upper ECAM lost
- E/W transferred to lower display, system display avail on request

AC ESS FEED

FAULT Normal – AC ESS BUS powered by AC BUS 1

ALTN – AC ESS BUS powered by AC BUS 2
ALTN Fault Lt. ON – AC ESS BUS not electrically powered

- AC ESS BUS SHED - M/C + A/W + ECAM Amber warning activation

- DC BUS 1(2) fault
- DC ESS BUS SHED
- DC BAT. BUS fault
- Emergency configuration
- M/C + A/W + ECAM activation
- DC ESS BUS powered by ES TR
- DC BAT.BUS powered by DCBUS 2
- M/C + A/W + ECAM activation
- M/C + A/W + ECAM activation, BAT. Fault Lt. ON
- M/W + A/W continuously ON + lower ECAM lost

RAT & EMER GEN

FAULT Fault Lt. ON

- If emergency generator not supply power when
- AC BUS 1 and 2 are not powered
- Nose landing gear up

• All 3 Generators are monitored by GCUs

• GCU receives informations from various parameters if OK closes relevant GLC, if parameters not with in
limit GCU opens GLC and trigger warnings
• For External power generation GPCU does same function as GCU + Monitors GND. Power parameters

54
IDG Cooling system
• Scavenge pump oil to oil filter & Fuel / oil heat exchanger
• Charge pump regulates oil to the users (Generator, Differential Gear, Hydraulic trim unit, governor)
• During cold condition oil pressure increases then cooler bypass valve opens to provide to IDG internal
circuits after oil heats up bypass valve closes then oil passes through fuel / oil heat exchanger
• Filter clogged indicator gives local visual indication, if filter clogged relief valve opens
• For oil OVHT conditions oil temp. IN / OUT sensors monitor temperature
• Pressure Sw. at outlet of the charge pump will provide indication if pressure is less

IDG disconnection

IDG 1 (2) If IDG high oil temp or low oil pressure will trigger fault LT.
Sw. pressed IDG disconnects (Not > 3 sec)
After engine stopped + IDG disconnected Fault Lt. inhibited
FAULT

GEN 1 (2)
FAULT After disconnected GEN fault Lt. appears

OFF

AC Main Generation System

GEN 1 (2)

FAULT SW. Pressed – If all parameters OK GLC closes

Fault Lt. On – If any parameter not correct or GLC open, failure signal
OFF sent to SDAC1 & 2 through EGIU (Electrical Generator Interface Unit)
- When the engine shut down
During avionics smoke procedure, fault Lt. Does not ON when GEN.1
LINE P/B is OFF

• Gen. 1 Line SW. Released out – to avoid complete lose of fuel pump during smoke procedure to open
GLC

GCU
Four Functions
• Voltage regulation
• Achieved by regulating excitation current (Current reduced until 335Hz obtained). If PMG voltage
reduced protection circuit sense trigger voltage regulation shut down control to simulate high generator
load signal via current limit module. When PMG frequency signal normal voltage regulation becomes
normal and GLC closes.(Excitation current depends on the comparison between voltage at point of
regulation and reference voltage)
• Control and protection of the network
• Protection achieved by GCR and power ready relay
• Gen. line cables current monitors by CT and a sensor
• If open parallel condition or Fire P/B released GCU trips GCR and GLC, and turn off voltage
regulation
• GPCU determines Fire trip or open cable fault
• Deferential protection
• Area divided to 2 parts
• Zone 1 – Gen. coils + feeders between IDG CT and GLC
• If any S/C between phases or phase to Gnd. Fault Lt. on GEN 1 (2 ) P/B illuminates but
Gen. still generates. If fault persists GCR trips and Gen. de energized, GLC opens BTC
close to allow other AC BUS to power network. If no over current detected by zone 2 CTs
line remains,
55
 • Zone 2 – Wiring from GLC and CT
• If any S/C in zone 2 GLC opens & BTC opens Gen. excited + Fault Lt. Illuminates,
If fault does not persist S/C isolated GCR tripped thus Gen. de excited, BTC remain
locked out then AC ESS BUS supplies from AC ESS feed control
• This situation can be recovered by resetting Gen. P/B 2 times then GLC closes power
• After clearing BTC lockout fault system can be reseated by DP reset P/B on the GCU or
each power up
• Over load protection only processed to give ECAM warnings
• During Under speed conditions under frequency, under voltage protections inhibited.
• If GLC welded after tripping of PR relay, cause BTC lockout
• Control Indicating and warning
• Indication and warnings triggered by GCU
• Gen. Fault amber warning Lt. + ECAM activation
• Galley amber fault Lt. + ECAM activation
• IDG fault amber warning Lt. + ECAM activation
• GCU also processed the following indications
• Gen. load, frequency, IDG oil temperature and low pressure which are also displayed on ECAM
• System testing ( BITE)
• BITE system consist of two sections
• Operational Bite – After Gen. tripping identifies protection, analyses the condition and determines
the fault
• Maintenance Bite – Completes the operational bite and performs self test of GCU, Only 7 last leg
faults can memorize
External Power
• If external power parameters correct “AVAIL” Lt. In flight deck and external power receptacle will
illuminates.
• When external power P/B pressed EPC closes (BTCs close only if non of GLC closed)
• GPCU will open EPC if external power parameter incorrect
• GPCU monitor pin monitoring and power ready relay then power the “AVAIL” LT.
• GPCU interfaces between GCU and CFDIU
• GPCU receives hexadecimal coded fault information through RS 422 data bus
• GPCU transmit fault message to CFDIU via ARINC 429 output bus
• Maintenance test allowed only on GND. With Eng. Shut down, indicated
• Automatically – at GPCU power up
• Manually – From MCDU
• After pressing external power P/B, after BTC & GLC logic satisfactory EPC closes, if any malfunction of
the external power, power ready relay will trips and opens EPC
Pin monitoring relay closes only if
• Ground cart connected + running and powered
Power ready relay closes if
• Valid EP interlock
• Parameters with in limits
GPCU monitors
• AC protections
• Over/under voltage
• Over /under frequency
• Incorrect phase sequence
• DC protections
• Checking by external power receptacle pin voltage
• GPCU internal fault monitoring
Bite
• Operational Bite – Identifies the protection analysis the conditions and determines fault origin
• Maintenance Bite – Performs self-test to check system integrity on Gnd. Only
• Class 2 failures sent to EGIU to indicated on ECAM
• Communicates with CFDS to perform CFDS checks
• If TR 2 fails DC & AC GND. Service buses will lost
• GPCU operation active in Air/GND.

56
Galley Power Supply
• With Galley P/B in auto position, power supplied by APU or GND. cart all the galleys are powered
• In flight to power all galleys 2 generators required ( 2 IDGs or IDG + APU )

FAULT Fault Lt. ON – GCU detects GEN. overload (Galleys manually to be cut OFF)
ECAM activated via EGIU
On GND.-
OFF APU GEN. Overload all galleys shed automatically + Fault Lt. ON
In flight –
With single GEN. operation, limits automatically power feed to
galleys (5 KVA for each galley)
Refueling on battery
• Refueling buses will power when refueling door opens
• 28 VDC service bus ( Powered by normal network or via Maintenance Bus Sw.)
• Hot bus, if no any other power avail
• Refueling by Hot bat bus, power will cutoff automatically after 10 min even refueling door opens

Electrical Generation Interface Unit (EGIU)

• EGIU 2 available, each contain 2 channels.
• Channel 1 – Allocated to IDG 1 or IDG 2
• Channel 2 – Allocated to APU External power
• Function
• Convert analogue and discreet signals coming from GCU to Digital ARINC 429 signal
• EGIU out put goes to ECAM via SDAC 1 & 2
• External power Sw. in flight deck sends signal to Flip flop circuit in EGIU to GND. Power Sw. ON &
OFF

AC AC AC AC AC ESS DC DC DC DC DC HOT HOT

BUS BUS ESS SHED STAT TR TR TR BUS BUS BAT ESS SHED BUS BUS
1 2 BUS BUS INV 1 2 1 2 BUS BUS ESS 1 2
Normal Gen Gen Gen Gen - Gen Gen - TR 1 TR 2 TR 1 TR 1 TR 1 Bat 1 Bat 2
config 1 2 1 1 1 2 Gen 1 Gen 2 Gen 1 Gen 1 Gen 1
1 ENG Gen Gen Gen Gen X - Gen Gen - TR 1 TR 2 TR 1 TR 1 TR 1 Bat 1 Bat 2
inop. X X X X X Gen X Gen X Gen X Gen X Gen X
EMER - - Stat - Stat - - - - - - Bat - Bat 1 Bat 2
Config. Inv Inv 2
(before Bat 1 Bat 1
emeg.
Gen.
avail)
Emer - - Emer Emer - - - Emer - - - ESS ESS Bat 1 Bat 2
Gen Gen Gen Gen TR TR
avail emer emer
Gen Gen
After - - Stat - Stat - - - - - - Bat - Bat 1 Bat 2
L/G ext. Inv Inv 2
Bat 1 Bat 1
TR 1 Gen1 Gen Gen Gen1 - - Gen Gen1 TR2 TR2 TR2 Ess ESS Bat 1 Bat 2
fault 2 1 2 Gen2 Gen2 Gen2 TR TR
Gen1 Gen 1
TR 2 Gen1 Gen2 Gen Gen1 - Gen - Gen1 TR1 TR1 TR1 TR1 Ess TR Bat1 Bat2
fault 1 1 Gen1 Gen1 Gen1 Gen1 Gen1
TR 1+ Gen1 Gen Gen Gen1 - - - Gen1 - - - ESS ESS Bat1 Bat2
TR 2 2 1 TR TR
fault Gen1 Gen1

57
 EQUIPMENT / FURNISHING (CHAPTER – 25)
• Pilots Seats
• Seat movement can be adjusted manually or Electrically
Emergency Equipments
• Composed of
• Fire extinguisher – Located in flight deck and cabin, can extinguish any kind of fire
• Oxygen kit – Located in cabin to supply in emergency to passengers
• Smoke hood – Located in flight deck and cabin
• Crash Axe – Located in cabin and flight deck, resistant to high voltages
• First aid kit – Located cabin over head storage compartment
• Megaphone – Located Fwd. And Aft. Cabin attendant seats
• Emergency radio beacon – Stored L/H Aft. attendant station
• Flash light – Located in flight deck and cabin
• Manual release tool – located in cabin to open PCU which are not opened automatically
• Life vest – All are included
• CO2 gas inflation system
• Oral inflation system
• Lamp for survivor location in poor visibility conditions
• Water activated cell (battery) to supply the lamp
• Whistle to attract attention
• Types of life vests
• Infant
• Cabin crew
• Flight crew
• Passenger
Slide Light test
Can be performed by
• External Power Supply Unit (EPSU) Qty. 7 ESPU located in the cabin

BATTERY Green Lt. ON – Relevant item test OK (comes ON after

apox. 1 min if all loops completed with
INTERNAL LOADS
out mal function
EXTERNAL LOADS Red Lt. ON – Testes item fail

I OK
FAULT

• PTP – Interrogate System test can test emergency lights and battery packs
- Maintenance page for failure report
Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT)
• Transmits a digital distress signal to satellites (COSPAS / SARSAT system)and then transmits to special
ground stations for rescue purpose
• Located above the aft galley area with a programming box which is connected to the antenna, located
close to vertical fin.
• Electronic assembly located in the ELT detects high impact using a acceleration sensor
• Also can be operated manually as a potable transmitter
Remote control panel
• Consist of
• ON indicator – Illuminates when system in operation and during the test
• Armed/On switch
• Armed position – Selects automatic operation of the ELT transmitter
• On position – Manually activates the system operation
• Test/reset push button press – Stops incorrect operation if activates
• Test – Press and hold, if test OK ON light illuminates

58
 FIRE PROTECTION (CHAPTER – 26)
• Fire protection system provides
• Fire detection & extinguishing
• Smoke detection & extinguishing in cargo
• Smoke detection in Avionics compartment
• Portable fire extinguisher

Engine
• Consist of two independent loops A & B connected parallel to FDU
• Each loop comprises of 3 detectors in parallel
• Fan fire detector
• Core fire detector
• Pylon fire detector
• Fire Detection Unit (FDU)
• One for each engine
• Process signal comes from fire detectors
• FDU consist of 2 channels, channel “A” & “B”
• Loop failure
• Each channel perform same detection logic depend on loop “A” & “B” status, loop “A” & “B”
connected to channel “A” & “B” respectively
• If fire detected by both loops or One faulty other detects fire, channel provides fire warning
• FDU sends warning to ECAM via FWC, & CFDS direct from FDU, flight deck local warnings
• Test P/B press –
• Squib Lt. ON ( Circuit checks) + DISCH Lt. ON (lamp test)
• Does not check fire sensors, if both loops defective test does happen (red fire P/B will not
light)
TEST

• Warning Conditions
• Both loops detect fire
• One loop detect while other faulty
• Fault on both loop with in 5 sec (both loops broken due to torching flame)
• Fault condition
• Electrical failure
• Integrity failure
• Detection of fire by single loop > 16 sec. while other loop normal, declare previous loop as faulty on
ECAM msg. “FIRE LOOP”X” FAULT”
• Detection fault logic
• Dual loop failure leads to total loss of detection system (ECAM warning comes on as “DETECTION
FAIULT”)
• FWC elaborates fault warning
• Engine fire push button
• P/B select out
• Cancel CRC
• Squib Lt. ON at engine control panel (arm the bottle squibs)
• EIU – engine control power supply cut off
ENG 1 FIRE • ECAM – messages
• Isolation of
PUSH • Fuel LP SOV
• Engine return fuel valve
• Bleed valve
• IDG deenergize
• Hydraulic fire SOV
• Pack flow control valve
• System warning
• ECAM messages + CRC + M/W + Eng.& Fire panel Lts. ON

59
• Action to be done after fire
• In flight
• With fire following warnings appears
• M/W + Fire P/B red Lt. On + Eng. Panel fire Lt. ON ECAN msg.
• M/W cancel – Press M/W P/B then CRC stops
• Thrust lever idle + master lever OFF – HP & LP fuel valves close + Eng. Shut down
• Fire P/B press – M/C, S/C ( confirms LP valve closer )
• Squib Lt. ON agent P/B to indicate ready to discharge bottle
• Wait 10 sec. (to reduce wind milling)
• Press agent P/B – fire bottle discharge
• “DISCH” Lt. ON
nd
• If fire still ON after 30 sec. Discharge 2 bottle
• Next “ DISCH” Lt. illuminates
• Fire P/B red Lt. OFF (Confirm fire extinguished)
• On Ground
• CRC + P/B Lt. ON + M/W, Eng. Panel Lt. ON
• Press M/W P/B to stop CRC + M/W Lt. OFF
• Thrust lever idle to stop A/C
• Eng. Master lever OFF to stop engine
• LP & HP fuel valve close
• Select fire P/B – M/C (confirm LP valve close ) + Squib Lt. ON
• Select agent P/B – DISCH Lt. ON
• Select other agent P/B – next “DISCH” Lt. ON (both bottles should be fired at the same
time)
• Set Eng. To OFF
• Fire Sensor integrity Sw.
• Fault condition – N/C contact open due to low pressure
• Fire condition – N/O contact close due to fire pressure in the loop increase

APU Fire detection

• Fire detection system comprises two loops “A” & “B”
• FDU operation same as Engine FDU
• Fire protection same as engine
• Test P/B press –
• Squib Lt. ON ( Circuit checks) + DISCH Lt. ON (lamp test)
• Does not check fire sensors, if both loops defective test does happen (red fire P/B will not light)
• APU system warnings
• APU fire push button select out
• Cancel CRC
• Squib Lt. On (arm extinguisher squib)
APU FIRE • Lt. On external power panel
• ECB – APU emergency shut down
PUSH • ECAM – messages
• Isolation of by ECB
• Fuel LP SOV close
• APU fuel pump shuts
• Bleed valve and cross bleed valve close
• IDG deenergize
• Auto extinguishing will trigger when APU fire detected on GND. and squib Lt. does not illuminates
• If loop “A” inoperative auto extenuating will not happen as circuit will not sense fire
• System warning
• ECAM messages (fire procedure) + CRC + M/W + Eng. & Fire panel Lts. ON

60
APU Extinguishing ground test
• APU master Sw ON
OK • Test P/B press ON Lt. illuminates + APU fire push Lt. come ON
• If APU runs, will shut down
ON • After 3 sec. T/D, OK Lt. appears + external fire Lt. ON
• Master Sw fault Lt. ON
• External hone sounds
• Press reset
• Hone stops
• OK Lt. OFF
• Fire P/B red Lt. OFF
• After 3 sec. system reset
RESET

System operation with APU fire

• Manual extinguisher
• In flight
• CRC + Fire P/B + M/W flashers
• Press fire P/B
• CRC stops
• Fuel LP + fuel solenoid OFF ( APU shut down via ECB )
• Squib Lt. ON
SQUIB
• APU fault Lt. ON
DISCH • 10 sec T/D to allow reduce air flow
• Agent P/B press
• Both discharge Lt. ON
• When fire extinguishes fire P/B Lt. + M/W OFF
• Fault LT. OFF
• On Ground
• CRC + Fire P/B Lt. ON + M/W + External hone ON
• Fuel LP & Solenoid valve close + APU shut down
• CRC stops
• S/C, M/C, M/W appears
• After T/D 3 sec.
• Fire bottle discharges + “DISCH” Lt. ON
• APU fire extinguishes
• Fire P/B Lt. + External fire Lt. + M/W disappears & horn stops
• Master power Sw. fault Lt. ON and M/C remain ON

APU SHUT OFF

Avionics Smoke detection

• Smoke detector installed in the extraction duct of vent line
• During smoke detection
• Smoke detector sends signal to FWC + local warnings + AEVC
• Smoke detector is Ionization type
• Test can be done by CFDS AEVC test, AEVC checks smoke detector
• Smoke Lt. on Gen. 1 P/B triggered by Smoke detector
• When smoke detector activates Fault Lt. illuminates on Blower & Extract P/B

61
Avionics Smoke procedure
• When Smoke detects
BLOWER M/C + S/C + Gen. 1line P/B smoke Lt. ON + Blower & Extractor Fault Lt. ON
• ECAM shows action to be taken
FAULT • Use oxy masks + crew communication not in interphone position to prevent breathing
noise
OVRD • Sw. OFF cabin fans to prevent smoke get in to the cabin
• To evacuate smoke OVBD by selecting Blower OVRD + Extraction fan P/B to OVRD
• Blower OVRD – Blower stops and use air condition cold air sauce to blow smoke out
board
EXTRACT Extract OVRD – Smoke extracts to OVBD through extract valve which is partially
open Extraction fan runs
FAULT • If smoke still persist
• Select Gen 1line P/B OFF – OFF LT. ON, #1L/H & R/H fuel pumps powered by
OVRD
Gen. 1 by opening GLC
• Select Man ON Sw. to extend RAT
• Emergency Gen. power to DC & AC ESS BUSES
• Gen. 2 + APU Gen. OFF
• Gen. 1 must run for fuel pumps
• Lower ECAM lost + CRC ( after Gen. 2 lost)
• Land ASAP

GEN 1 LINE
SMOKE Smoke Lt. ON – Smoke detected in the avionics ventilation duct

OFF

SDCU (Located on 94vu)

• Detects each compartment smoke detectors
• When one detector detects, SDCU checks with other status automatically
• If other detector normal, first detector declare as faulty
nd nd
• If 2 detector abnormal, 2 one declared as faulty
• SDCU sends local warnings + ECAM and to Cargo ventilation controller + CFDS
• SDCU monitor bottle pressure + squib circuit condition, if notice any abnormality report to ECAM + CFDS
• If any wiring failure by SDCU - MCDU test facility can find the area of the failure

Cargo compartment fire protection

• Smoke detectors
• Qty 2 in FWD cargo
• Qty 2 each in AFT and Bulk cargo
• Cargo smoke detectors connectors to each other and in a loop with Lavatory smoke detectors
• All connected to SDCU
• One Fire bottle located in FWD cargo for both compartments, Qty 2 squibs one for each compartment
supply line with one pressure Sw.
• In case of smoke in the FWD or AFT/BULK cargo
• Smoke Lt. on flight deck illuminates
• Cargo vent. Cont. closes isolation valve of effected compartment.
• If smoke detector faulty, signal sends to CFDS + ECAM
• Discharge fire bottle by pressing agent P/B
• Discharge Lt. ON
• After agent discharged both “DISCH” Lt.s appears
FWD

Smoke Lt. ON – System detects smoke in the compartment

SMOKE
- If both channels detect smoke
DISCH - One channel detects smoke if other channel detects fault by
SDCU
Disch Lt. ON – Bottle discharged

62
• Test (From cargo compartment smoke panel)
• SDCU simulates smoke & bottle pressure drop condition
• Warning Lt. illuminates twice + ECAM msg.
• Ventilation system isolation valves closes
• Amber discharge Lt. ON
• Switch released
• After 2 sec. discharge Lt. OFF
• After 10 sec. ECAM msg. displayed
• ECAM msg. disappear and will be automatically repeat after 6 sec. with warning indication

Cargo and Lavatory smoke detection system

• Connected to both SDCU channels via safety two wire data & supply bus working followed the close loop
principle
• When smoke detectors detect Lavatory. Smoke detection warning
• To flight deck via FWC to ECAM + M/W + CRC
• SDCU sends warning to cabin CIDS then
• FWD attendant panel
• Attendant indicator panel
• Area call Lt. (Pink) + Lavatory. caution Lt. flashing
• Programming test panel (PTP)
• Lavatory. Detector faults sends to flight deck cabin for indication on CFDS for maintenance purpose,
• For the cabin – Fwd attendant panel CIDS amber Lt. + PTP indications
• Cargo smoke detected SDCU provide smoke warning to flight deck through FWC 1 & 2 such as M/W,
ECAM CRC, Smoke Lt. on cargo control panel
• Cargo smoke detector detects faulty by SDCU automatically isolated, if both detectors fail in the same
cavity fault msg. on ECAM and inoperative detector shown in the CFDS
• Fire bottle pressure drop or squib circuit discontinuity SDCU sends signal to ECAM & CFDS + S/C, M/C
• SDCU internal failure detected SDCU fault warning sent to flight deck ECAM + S/C +M/C and failure
indicated on CFDS
• Incase of only one channel failure remaining channel will operate

Cargo Smoke Detection System

• Warning
• CRC + M/W + ECAM
• Smoke Lt. on cargo panel
• Fault Lt. on isolation valve P/B
• ECAM air condition system page shows isolation valve in amber colour

Smoke procedure
• CRC + M/W + smoke Lt. on cargo cont. panel
• Isolation valve fault Lt. ON
• Isolation valve select OFF valve closer confirmed
• Press bottle discharge P/B
• “DISCH” Lt. ON on both FWD and AFT cargo P/B
• After smoke disappear all warnings except DISCH Lt.
• On GND. Cargo fire bottles must not used

Lavatory Fire Protection System

• Smoke detector located in the ceiling panel at exttaction duct in each lavatory
• All Lavatory Smoke detectors interconnected to each other as a part of a loop with cargo smoke detectors,
sends signals to SDCU
• Smoke detectors inform to SDCU then to flight deck & cabin CIDs directors
• Warning received to SDCU activate ECAM + CIDS + CFDS
• Fire extinguishing by portable fire extinguishers

63
Lavatory Smoke Warnings
• In flight, CRC + M/W + ECAM activation
• In Cabin,
• Triple chime continuously
• Smoke Lt. On FAP + effected lavatory location written
• Attendant indication panel
• Area call amber Lt. flashing
• Lavatory amber Lt. flashing
• Warning can be reset by reset Sw. at FAP

Lavatory waste bin extinguisher

• Auto extinguisher by incase of fire after melting fusible material in the tip of discharge tube when
temp.>79 C

64
 FLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEMS (CHAPTER – 27)

• All flight control surfaces electrically controlled and hydraulically operated

• Hydro mechanical backup for Pitch axis, Trimmable horizontal stabilizer (THS) and Yaw axis Rudder
• Regardless of pilot’s inputs computers prevent
• Excessive maneuvers
• Flight outside the safe – flight envelope

Side Sticks
• Consist of P/B for A/P disconnection and to get Side stick priority
• PTT P/B for Radio communication
• Side stick failure M/W, RED ECAM message (ECAM F/CONT system page not called), CRC + RED arrow
ON
One Sw. light for captain and first officer
• Side sticks controllers are not mechanically coupled sent separate set of signals to the flight control
computers
• Force applied more than threshold will disconnect AP if engaged

SIDE STICK PRIORITY

Arrow -
Red – Losing priority or Side stick failure
Green – Taking priority
CAPT
- After the priority if other side stick not in neutral position

Priority Logic
• Logic achieved in flight control computers
• When both side stick moved to same direction deflection algebraically added
• If side stick moves to opposite direction, resulting demand will be difference of deflection
• One side stick priority P/B pressed for > 40 sec. priority will be achieved by same side stick, other side
control loose temporary
• If other side required control, priority P/B on either side stick to be pressed

Controls
• In manual flight Side Stick provides directs inputs to ELACs and SECs. ELACs also send signal to all 3
SECs
• During Automatic flight control FMGCs sends orders to ELACs and FACs. ELACs in turn send to SECs
• FCDC 1 & 2 interfaces with ELACs , SECs and A/C systems

Computer Push buttons

• One Sw. for each ELAC, SEC and FAC (total Qty 7)

FAULT
Press IN – Computer software engaged
Fault – Failure detected in the computer (ECAM indicates ELAC 1 , failed
OFF
computer half boxed in Amber)
- During power up test for 8 sec. (only for ELACs)
OFF – Related computer software disengaged

• ELAC 1, SEC 1, FAC 1 fault Lts. flashes once when battery Sws. Select ON as these switches powered by
two power sauces for emergency configuration
• If actuator failed related hydraulic letter at the failed actuator will be boxed in Amber G

Flight control actuator hydraulic supply

AILERON ELEVATOR RUDDER THS SPOILER Y/D

L1 L2 R1 R2 L1 L2 R1 R2 T C B L R L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 L R
GREEN a a a a a a a a a a
YELLOW a a a a a a a a
BLUE a a a a a a a

65
Active servo control
Pitch & Roll servo control
• In normal configuration one servo control actuates the surface other will be in damping mode with following
deflection, by pass line includes a restrictor. If active fails damping servo control become active
• When manual pitch trim elevators in centering mode, actuators hydraulically operated and manually
controlled

Flight control laws

• Normal law - Provides full flight envelope protection
• 3 principle control modes
• Ground mode – Activates after Flare mode when main L/G compressed + pitch attitude
conformation.
• Direct relationship between side stick and control surfaces, Rudder mechanically controls with
yaw damper control
• Automatically sets THS at 0° (inside the green band), if pitch attitude on ground > 2.5°
automatic THS reset to zero stops and remain frozen
• During T/O roll aircraft speed reaches 70 Kts, reduces elevator deflection 30° - 20°
• Flight mode - Activates after ground mode when main L/G extends + pitch attitude conformation.
• Nz law – Load factor protection
• Lateral law – For lateral control (Roll + Pitch) with bank angle protection
• High speed protection (VMO) –
• Pitch attitude protection (Theta)
• Stall protection (AOA)

• Flare mode – Activated after flight mode below radio altitude 50 ft as it descend to land. As the
A/C descends through 30 ft system begins to reduce pitch attitude reducing to 2°nose down over
period of 8 sec.
• Bank angle protection
• Stall protection

Law reconfiguration
Divided in to 2 families - Alternate and direct

Pitch Channel Roll channel

Normal Laws Normal law

Failures Failures

Alternate law Failures

Roll Direct

Crew action

Direct law Mechanical backup

Mechanical backup

66
Alternate Law
• Introduced automatically as soon as the Normal law is lost

Pitch control
• Ground mode
• Becomes active 5 sec. After touch down (same as normal law)
• Flight mode
• Follows load factor demand law much as normal law but with less built in protection
• Flare mode
• Activate as pilot select L/G down, relationship direct stick to elevator

• For Pitch axis (with reduced protection)

• Load factor protection
• Similar to under normal law
• High and low speed stability
• Alternate high speed protection
• Above VMO or MMO system introduces nose up demand to avoid excessive incres in speed,
pilot can OVRD this demand
• Alternate high AOA protection
• Artificial low speed stability replaces the normal angle of attack protection and available for all
slat/flap configurations
• For Pitch axis ( with out protection)
• Only load factor protection, no high and low speed stability

Roll axis
• Straight to Direct law
• Relationship direct stick to surface position
• System gains are set automatically to correspond to slat/flap configuration such as clean
configuration roll rate 30°/sec, with slat extended will be 25°/sec

Yaw axis
• Only yaw damping function available, damper authority limited to +/- 5° of Rudder deflection

Direct Law
• Automatically activates on ground
• In flight activates after all protection lost
• Alpha floor protection will be lost
• Over speed and Stall warnings are available as alternate law
• Direct relation ship with side stick and surfaces
• In all configurations maximum elevator deflection varies as a function of CG
• No auto trim only manual trim available, on PFD “USE MAN PITCH TRIM” message appears

Lateral control
• Roll direct law associated with mechanical yaw control governs lateral control

Mechanical backup
• After total electrical failure or failure of flight control computers
• System controlled by Pitch Trim mechanical wheels and Rudder pedals

67
Pitch Axis
• Elevators provides short term activity and THS provides for long term activity
• When side stick initiate a command, it goes to ELACs and SECs
• ELAC
• ELAC 2 controls, ELAC 1 backup
• L/H – Green and R/H – Yellow elevator actuators
• Pitch trim No: 1 Electric motor
• If ELAC 2 fails ELAC 1 controls
• L/H and R/H Blue elevator actuators
• Pitch trim No: 2 electric motor

• If large pitch command initiated both Elevator actuators become active by both ELACs
• Dual ELAC failure SEC 2 or SEC 1 automatically take over control
• Auto flight control command orders send from FMGC to ELACs then SECs

Elevators
• Two electrically control hydraulic servojacks drive each actuator
• Each servojack has three control modes
• Active – Jack position controlled by electrically
• Damping – Jack follows surface movement
• Centering – Jack is hydraulically retained in neutral position
nd
• In normal mode one jack is in active and other in damping mode, some maneuvers cause the 2 jack to
become active
• If active jack fails damping one become active and the failed jack automatically switched to damping mode
• If neither is controlled by electrically or hydraulically both are automatically switch to centering mode
• If one elevator fails deflection of the remaining will be restricted to avoid apply excessive loads on the
horizontal tail plan or rear fuselage

Stabilizer
• Screwjack will be driven by two hydraulic motors
• Hydraulic motors are controlled by
• One of three electric motors or
• Mechanical trim wheel

Pitch trim wheel

• Provides manual Pitch trim on THS, priority over automatic electrical Pitch trim
• After nose wheel touch down Pitch trim wheels return to zero automatically, as pitch attitude becomes less
than 2.5°
• During manual pitch trim operation hydraulic actuators of Elevators maintain at neutral position
• THS electric motors controlled by (one at a time)
• Motor 1 – ELAC 2
• Motor 2 - ELAC 1 or SEC 1
• Motor 3 – SEC 2
• THS electric motor control computer priorities
• Motor 1 – ELAC 2
• Motor 2 – ELAC 1
• Motor 3 – SEC 2
• Motor 2 – SEC 1
• THS servo jammed will be indicated in ECAM in Amber “PTICH TRIM”
• Pilot action on the wheel with AP engaged cause to disconnect AP
• ELACs do not disconnect, micro switches actuated by the OVRD mechanism ensure computers remain
synchronized with manually selected position
• Scale adjacent to the pitch trim scale shows relationship between location of the CG and pitch trim setting
for T/O

68
Pitch channel Failures

FAILURES ELAC 1 ELAC 2 SEC 1 SEC2 LAW STATUS

a
No failures
EL – G + Y, THS – 1
st
1 failure a Normal Law
ELAC 2
normal EL – B, THS - 2
channel fail
nd
2 failure a Alternate Law
ELAC 1 with protection if
EL – G+ Y, THS – 1 • Double self det.
normal
ADR or IR fail
channel fail • 2nd not self det.
rd
3 failure a ADR failure
ELAC 2 Altn. • Double ELAC or
EL – B, THS - 2 FAC or SFCC
Channel fail
slat chnn. fail
• Double Hyd. Fail
(B & G or Y & G)
th
4 failure a • Roll normal law
Both ELAC EL – G + Y, THS - 3 loss due to
- Double Aileron
Altn. Channel fail
fail - All spoilers fail
th
5 failure a • Altn. Law on ELAC
SEC 2 Altn. 1 + emergency
EL – B, THS - 2 Gen. ON
channel fail With out protection
if
• 2nd not self det.
ADR fail (CAS
or MACH
disagree)
• Triple ADR failure
th
6 failure a
SEC 1 Altn. Direct Law
EL – G+ Y, THS – 1
Channel fail
th
7 failure a • Double IR failure
(2nd not self
ELAC 2 direct detected )
EL – B, THS - 2
channel fail • Triple IR failure
th
8 failure a • All RA fail (when
ELAC 1 direct EL – G + Y, THS - 3 L/G extended)
channel fail
th
9 failure a Auto trim lost only
SEC 2 direct mechanical trim
channel fail EL – B, THS - 2
All computers Mechanical
fail or total r r r r back – up
electrical • All 4 Elev. Act. In
failure Elevators are in centering mode centering mode

69
Roll Axis
• Roll control achieved by a Aileron and 4 Spoilers (No: 2,3,4,5) on each wing
• Also associated to the rudder to roll/yaw turn coordination during turns
• Ailerons
• Drooped down 5° during Flaps extended to follow the contour of the wing
• Actuators goes to damping mode if double ELAC or Green and Blue hydraulic failure
• Maximum deflection 25°
• Each aileron has two electrically controlled hydraulic servojacks, operates one at a time
• Each has got two control modes
• Active – Jack position will be controlled electrically
• Damping – Jack follows surface movement
• System goes to damping automatically if both ELACs or Blue, Green hydraulic low pressure
• ELAC 1 normally control Ailerons ELAC 2 backup
• ELACs send turn coordination commands to Rudder via FAC 1 & 2
• Automatic flight control roll orders send by FMGC to FACs for turn coordination and to ELACs and to
SECs via ELACs

Spoilers
• Spoilers controlled by SECs and powered by all hydraulic system. If power failure or hydraulic failure
surface automatically retracted by aerodynamic forces
• Spoiler maximum defl ection is 35°
• ELACs send orders to SEC 1,2,and 3 to deflect Roll spoilers
• System retracts spoilers to zero position automatically if it detects fault or loss of electrical control

Spoiler control

SPOILERS
L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5
SEC 1 a a a a
SEC 2 a a
SEC 3 a a a a

• Roll spoilers
• Achieved by Spoilers 2,3,4,5
• Priority received over speed brakes
• If sum of roll and speed brake commands exceeds the maximum possible deflection of spoiler, surface
is retracted until the difference between the two surfaces is equal to the roll order

• Speed Brakes
• Speed brake lever
• Contain Qty 2 potentiometers per SEC for Speed brakes ( Speed brake controlled by SEC 1 & 3
for Spoiler surfaces 3, 4 & 2 respectively)
• To arm, Speed brakes lever to be pulled up from retracted position
• At the middle of the travel “Hard point” provided to identify half speed brake position
• Achieved by Spoilers 2,3,4, Roll spoiler function will OVRD speed brake function
• Automatically retracts if AOA protection activated
• Switching to alternate or direct laws are not effected
• If one Spoiler surface inoperative, other wing same numbered surface will not operates with speed
brakes but with Roll spoilers operation activates
• Inhibition
• When Slats / Flaps fully extended
• With AOA protection activated
• Transducer unit fault
• Abnormal order
• After inhibition to activate lever must be reset at least 5 sec.
• Maximum deflection of surfaces
• Spoiler 2 = 20 °
• Spoiler 3 & 4 = 40°

70
• Ground Spoilers
• Achieved by all Spoilers 1,2,3,4,5 to destroy the lift at touch down, rollout phases and aborted T/O
• System armed when lever pulled up
• Partial lift dumping function (elaborated in SEC)
• No throttle lever > 20° AND at least one throttle lever in reverse AND only one main L/G
compressed to bring the other L/G down. (Until both L/G compressed Gnd. spoilers will not
extends fully only partially 10°)
• Full extension happens
• Automatically during rejected take off at a speed > 72 Kts.
• During landing when both main L/G touch down
• When Gnd. spoilers armed and all thrust levers at idle
• Reverse selected (on at least one engine, other thrust lever at idle) if Gnd. spoilers were not
armed
• In autoland Gnd. spoilers fully extended at half speed one second after both main L/G touch down
• Retraction
• After landing or after rejected T/O when Gnd. spoiler disarmed
• If Gnd. spoilers not armed retract after thrust levers select idle
• After A/C bounce the Gnd. spoiler remain extended with thrust levers at idle

Interfaces
• Pilot orders by Side stick goes to ELACs, SECs then servo controls and to FCDC via SEC
• Computer P/B will engage, disengaged and reset respective software
• Hydraulic status sends to ELACs and SECs to activation or deactivation of servo control
• Rudder pedal position to ELCAs to for turn coordination computation then to FAC
• FMGC pitch, roll and yaw orders to ELAC and FACs to computation
• ADIRU sends to flight data and inertial reference information to ELACs and SECs for flight envelop
protection computations
• FACs receive Rudder position information from ELAC or FMGC to Dutch roll damping and Turn
coordination
• LGCIU send L/G position to ELACs & SECs
• SFCC Flap and Slat position to ELACs and SECs for law computations
• Radio Altimeters sends Radio altitude to ELACs to compute flare law
• BSCU receive Nose wheel steering commands from ELACs and from SECs to auto brake after Ground
Spoiler activation
• Wheel speed information sends from each MLG wheel speed to Ground Spoiler activation
• Vertical accelerometers (Qty 4, one for both ELAC command and monitoring channels) sends vertical
acceleration to ELACs and SECs. Also used to compute Pitch trim function and Load factor function
• Flight control system failures sends to FWC via FCDC for indications and warning computations (ECAM)
• FCDCs send failures to CFDS then CFDS adds general data (time, date, ATA, flight phase) then displays
on the MCDU
• CFDS sends FCDC bite request and maintenance test

71
Roll axis failures

FAILURES ELAC 1 ELAC2 SEC 1 SEC 2 SEC 3 LAW STATUS

No failures a Roll spoiler control
AL – B+G Normal Law
ELAC 1 fail a Roll spoiler control
AL – G+B
Both ELAC Roll spoiler control
fail (yaw damper normal law lost) Direct Law
If ELAC 1 a
channel one ELAC 2 in
Aileron AL – G + G slave mode
actuator fail
If both ELAC a
channel one Normal Law
AL – G+B
actuators fail
a Other aileron
One Aileron AL – *+G only one
both actuator
actuators fail operates the
aileron
One side a a a
Spoiler fail
SP – 3 L&R SP – 5 L&R SP – 2L&R
(Eg. L/H (Spoiler 4 on
Spoiler 4 fail) both side
retracted)
Total Roll obtain by
electrical fail All computers failed mechanical
Rudder pedals

Yaw Axis
• Rudder provides Yaw control and Dutch roll damping
• If turn initiated from rudder pedals Roll spoilers and Ailerons ensure automatic Roll / Yaw turn coordination
• Rudder full deflection 25 ° obtain by mechanically Rudder pedals, also pedal signal via transducer goes to
ELACs, FACs
• On manual flight side stick commands goes to ELACs and generates Yaw damping , Turn coordination via
FACs. Rudder trim commands send to FACs directly from trim control panel.
• FAC 1 & 2 controls Yaw damper servo actuators, rudder trim and rudder travel limiters. FAC 1 active and
FAC 2 in hot STBY
• When automatic flight control operation FMGC sends orders to FACs for Rudder trimming, Yaw damping
and Rudder travel limiting
• Rudder operated by 3 hydraulic actuator operated in parallel
• In automatic operation (yaw damping, turn coordination) green servo actuator drives all three servo jacks.
If green actuator fails yellow actuator takes over
• If servo control jammed will not indicated, detection by manual operation with hydraulic isolation

Yaw damper servo control

• One in active and other in hot STBY, bypass line with out a restrictor
• Servo control goes to bypass mode if one solenoid valve de energized or hydraulic pressure loss
• Two Yaw damper actuators controlled by each FAC and connected to the Rudder by differential unit

72
Rudder Trim
+- RUD TRIM
Q Reset P/B Sw. – Resets trim position to zero
20 NOSE NOSE
L R Control Sw. – Controls actuator, moves
REESET neutral point
Indicator – displays trim direction and value

• Achieved by 2 electric motors each controlled by associated FAC

• Maximum deflection +/- 20°
• In manual flight can apply 1°/sec from trim panel, In automatic flight manual Rudder trim and reset function
inoperative
• In automatic flight, asymmetry compensation function available if lateral asymmetry occurs. Yaw automatic
trim is active for lateral asymmetry and engine failure compensation at 5°/sec
• Rudder trim causes pedal movement

Rudder Travel Limiter

• Rudder travel limiting achieved by 2 electric motors which controlled by associated FACs. At high speed
travel limitation is increased
• Depends on the A/C speed
• Speed < 160 Kts
• Deflection in full 25°
• 160 Kts < Speed < 410 Kts
• Deflection as a function of speed, law computed by FAC
• Speed > 410 Kts
• Deflection 3.5° limited as in high speed configuration
• If both FAC fails, A/C stays in high speed mode until Slats extension

Yaw axis failures

• Alternate Law – Computed in FAC, turn coordination not available and yaw damper limited to +/- 5°
Rudder deflection
• Alternate law active if
• Qty 2 ADR or qty 2 IR or qty 2 ELAC or both Ailerons or all Spoilers fail
• B & G hydraulic low pressure
• Loss of pitch normal law
• Loss of roll normal law
• Emergency Gen. operation
Yaw mechanical
• Available all the time must be used if
• Both FAC failure ( If A/C in high speed stays at high speed until Slats extension)
• Qty. 3 ADR or 3 IRs or G + Y hydraulic low pressure or electrical power on battery

High lift Computation

• Achieved by 2 Flaps and 5 Slat on each wing
• Electrically controlled and hydraulically operated
• Commands initiates from control lever and transfer to SFCC via Command sensor unit(CSU) for both
Flaps and Slats
• Moving the lever commands new position to SFCC by CSU then signal processed in Flap / Slat
lane 1 & 2
• If demanded and actual position signals are deferent each lane generates demand signal and
compared between lanes.
• If commands signals are agreed, command signal generated for PCU valve block activation after
SFCC controls related solenoid valve
• After Extend solenoid energized spool valve moves towards to fully extend position, LVDT at the end
of valve block monitor the Spool valve movement
73
 • Then Enable solenoid valve energized to release POB and Flap start s to extend
• At the close to the demanded position Retract valve energized to slow and stop the movement and
control valve spool to neutral
• At the end of travel all solenoids de energized and POB applies

• SFCC controls and monitor the system, each SFCC consist of one Slat and one Flap channel. Each
channel divided in to two lanes. If one SFCC, PCU or one hydraulic system lost system operation in full
torque with half speed
• SFCC tests WTB before each flight
• Qty 2 PCUs for Flap and Slat controls, Each PCU consist of qty 2 hydraulic motors, pressure of brakes
(POB) and valve blocks.
• POB locks in position when commanded position reached or hydraulic failure
• Flap and Slats system powered by Green / Yellow and Green / Blue hydraulics systems respectively
• Three kind of Position pick off units
• FPPU
• Provide Feed back of the PCU output position to the both SFCC (2 FPPU, Flaps / Slats)
• Runaway condition monitored by both FPPUs and APPUs
• IPPU
• Used for position indication on ECAM via FWC, located in PCU(Qty 2)
• APPU
• Provides any asymmetry of control surfaces (detected by comparing two APPUs) and actual
position of the surface to both SFCCs, located at end of transmission at each wing tip
Wing tip brakes
• Each wing tip brake consists of two solenoids controlled by each SFCC and powered by two hydraulic
power in each wing. During normal operation brake released, and with solenoid de powered
Slats - L/H wing – Blue / Green and R/H wing – Green / Blue
Flaps - L/H wing – Blue / Yellow and R/H wing – Green / Blue
• If brakes applied to Flaps, Slats operation is normal and vise – versa
• If one SFCC inoperative other able to apply brakes
• Can be reset only on Gnd. via MCDU, due to both SFCCs cross talk to each other, when resetting has
to be reset on both SFCCs
• Applies brakes if SFCC detects following, via FPPU & APPU
• Runaway – Comparison of APPU and FPPU
• Over speed – If at least one PPU detects over speed
• Asymmetry - Comparison between two APPUs
Flap disconnect detection system
• Inhibits further Flap operation if disconnection detected
• Consist of 2 proximity sensors on each interconnecting strut on each wing, which measures differential
movement between inner and outer Flaps
• Proximity sensors connected to system via LGCIU 1 & 2, also can be tested via LGCIU 1 & 2
• If disconnection detected PCU de energized and POB applied to stop transmission and on further Flap
movement (WTB will not applied)

Slat Flap lever

• Selects simultaneous operation of Slats and Flaps, lever selection from 0 to Full (5 selections)

Lever Position Configuration Slat angle (°) Flap angle (°) Flight Phases
0 0 0 0 CRUISE
HOLD
1 1 18 0
1 1+F 18 10
TAKE
2 2 22 15 OFF APPR
3 3 22 20
LDG
Full Full 27 40

74
ECAM presentation
• “FALP” appears when Flap / Slats not fully retracted
• On Gnd. with selection on position 1 Flaps goes to 1 + F (10°)
• When new position selected position will be indicated in CYAN colour, after surfaces traveled to selected
position, indication will be Green
• When Flaps goes to full “FULL’ will appear in place of position number
• In flight with selection (extend) on position 1, flaps does not move and with position 2 selection Flaps goes
to 15°, during retraction also Flaps do not go to 1 + F ( 10 °) position
• Speed >210 Kts Slats 18° / Flaps fully retraced
• Speed < 210 Kts Slats 18° / Flaps 10° (1 + F)
• If A/C T/O with Flaps at 1 + F (10°) and speed reaches to 210 Kts Flaps goes to 0° automatically, but
even speed < 210 Kts, Flap will not extend again automatically.

Slats Alpha lock protection

• With lever position 1 and select to position 0
• Slat movement inhibits with “A-LOCK” pulsing on E/W display if
• AOA > 8.5 ° or CAS < 148 Kts
• A – Lock function reset if
• AOA < 7.6° and CAS > 154° Kts
• Function will not activates if
• A/C on Gnd.
• With CAS < 60 Kts, AOA > 8.5 or CAS < 148 Kts while retraction from 18° to 0 has already
started
• Slat channels receives correct AOA and CAS values from ADIRUs for use in A – Lock computation

SFCC interfaces
• CSU sends command signal to each SFCC to
• APPU sends synchro signals to each channel for asymmetry detection
• FPPU sends position of the O/P shaft to each SFCC for system monitoring and control
• SFCC sends discrete O/P to control WTB and PCU to solenoid control
• ADIRU sends corrected AOA and CAS data for A -Lock computation
• LGCIU 1 & 2 sends Flap disconnect data to SFCC 1 & 2 respectively Flap attachment detection failure
• CFDIU send data for failure and Bite tests
• IPPU sends to FWC to warning and Indication on ECAM
• SFCC sends to ELACs to flight control law selection
• SFCC sends to FAC to flight envelop protections
• GPCU receive Flap / Slat data to for Approach and landing via 21 VU
• SECs receives for electrical flight law selections
• Flap position data received by ADIRU for AOA and static port corrections
• SFCC sends to CIDS to automatic passenger sign lighting
• Lever position signal to EIU for select minimum idle

75
 FUEL SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 28)
• Total 5 tank capacity 18932 kg
• Each wing tank divided in to Outer cell and Inner cell + Center tank
• Center tank capacity = 6462kg, Inner tank = 5532kg, Outer tank = 704kg, ACT each tank = 2277kg with
density = 0.785 kg/l
• Each tank got 2 % additional area for expansion with out spill to vent tank
• Tank pump pressure 30 psi
• Fuel is Type 1 system not avail in CFDS back up mode
• Filling sequence
• Outer tank
• Inner tank
• Center tank
• Auxiliary tanks 1&2 [Optional]
• Feeding sequence
• ACT 2 (transferred to center tank) (Aft tank) [Optional]
• ACT 1 (transferred to center tank) (Fwd tank) [Optional]
• Center tank
• Inner tank (down to 750 kg in each tank)
• Outer tank (Fuel transferred into the inner tank)
• Fuel Quantity Indicating System (FQIS) comprises
• One FQIC located in 90vu
• Two FLSCU located in 90vu
• Each main tank has 2 centrifugal boost pumps
• Wing tank pumps run continuously through out the normal operation but feeding restricted by using
pressure relief sequence valves
• Cross feed valve allows to connect L/H & R/H engine supply lines, valve normally closed operated by two
motors (AC & DC)
• LP valves isolates engines or APU from fuel supply.
• Opens – When related engine or APU running
• Closes – When Engine or APU shut down or Fire P/B out
• Pressure Switches
• For each pump to monitor its pressure for low pressure warning
• APU pump
• Supply fuel when tank pumps not running, connected to the supply line at the L/H side
• Powered by AC ESS SHED or STATIC INV. BUS
• Pump is Single phase motor
• Transfer valves
• Allows to transfer fuel from Outer to Inner cells
• Opens when Inner tank fuel reached to low level sensors (750 kgs)
• Two level sensors located in each inner cell, each sensor will control two transfer valves one in each
wing
• Valve opens when first level sensor in any inner tank becomes dry
• Ones open valve closes automatically at next fueling (Refueling door opens), can be closed on Gnd.
by MCDU interrogation
• Low level sensor and transfer valve both supplied from same CB, each valve powered by own CB, by
pulling one side low level CB will simulate low level then other side transfer valve will open.
• Air release valve
• Each engine supply line got a valve located at the heights point to allow to bled

Tank Pumps
Wing Tanks

TK PUMP
1
Push IN - Pump start but fuel feed only center tank pumps delivery pressure
FAULT drops bellow threshold
Release OUT – Pump stops
OFF Fault ON – Pump low pressure
76
Mode Selector
MODE SEL
Push IN – Auto selection, control center tank pumps automatically
FAULT
Fault Lt. ON –If either wing tank quantity < 5000 Kg. when center tank > 250 Kg.
MAN
- Center tank pumps do not stop after Slats extension
- Center tank pumps do not stop after LO level reached
MAN Lt. ON – Manual mode selected

Center tank pump

CTRTK PUMP

PUMP 1
Push IN - Pump control automatically if auto mode selected on Mode
FAULT selector Sw.
- When low level in the tank will indicates amber in ECAM then
OFF
T/D 5 min before pumps automatically Sw. OFF
- Mode selector in MAN mode, tank pumps controlled by P/B
selection directly
Fault Lt. ON – During MAN mode selection on Mode select with low pressure on
the pump
Release OUT – OFF Lt. ON
Cross Feed

X FEED
Released Out – Valve closed (normal position)
OPEN
Pushed In – Valve Open ON LT. illuminates
ON OPEN Lt. – Illuminates when valve fully open

Auxiliary Center tanks (ACT) (Optional)

FAULT Fault ON – Amber Lt. come ON:

- Center tank Qty < 3000kg and one ACT Qty> 250kg and
- ACT P/B in AUTO
FWD P/B Auto (Released out) – Control transfer of ACT automatically if
- A/C in flight and
- Slats are retracted and
- At least one ACT low level sensor wet and
- Center tank Hi level sensor dry for 10 min
(auto transfer stops as soon as above conditions not met)
Fwd – Manual transfer to the center tank initiated by opening
- ACT transfer valve , ACT 1 or 2 inlet valve, ACT transfer pump starts
ECAM Indications
• Fuel on board (FOB) – Shown in both displays,
• 700 Amber - Not entirely useable due to a failure
When one tank empty + amber ECAM low level avail, Box shows amber until low level
disappear
• 5500 - Indication not accurate

• XX - Quantity not valid

• Fuel Temperature –
• Green – Normal
• Amber – High or Lower limits exceeded
• Pulses
• For Inner cell - + 45 °C < Temp < - 40 °C
• For Outer cell - + 55 °C < Temp < - 40 °C
• Engine identification number amber when engine below idle, otherwise white
• Fuel used indication reset at every engine start, XX – FF not valid

77
Fuel system operation
• Auto Mode
• On Gnd. Slate extended all pump P/B in
• Wing tank pump run all the time
• Center tank pumps OFF (due to slats extension)
• During Engine start
• Fuel used indication reset + Engine identification number becomes White
• After Engine Start
• Cent er tank pumps run for 2 min. (regard less of slat position),Center tank pumps has priority over
wing tanks (Engine start signal received from start valve)
• Fuel used indication starts to increase
• After 2 min. time delay Center tank pumps stop (due to slats extension)
• During T/O
• After Slates retraction Center tank pumps starts
• During Cruise
• After Center tank empty, pumps stop (engines supplies from wing tanks)
• Inner tank quantity lower to some valve (750 kg), transfer valves open outer cell fuel goes to inner
cell (transfer valves latched open until next refueling)
• On ground, engine stopped
• Engine identification number becomes Amber + LP valves close

• Manual Mode
• In Cruise
• Center tank pumps stopped with fuel in the tank (fault condition)
• M/C, S/C, ECAM message “Auto feed fault” on E/W display
• Fault Lt. on Mode Select P/B illuminates ( indicates if either wing tank quantity < 5000Kg. when
center tank > 250 Kg.)
• LO
Indication on lower ECAM display pump as supply pressure drops

• Unlatch Mode select P/B, “MAN” lt. ON and center tank pumps start
• When center tank empty “LO” warning comes ON + SC, M/C, pump fault Lt. ON
• Pump P/B manually select OFF, ECAM pump symbol becomes amber

• Mode select Sw controls only center tank pumps

Fuel System Warning

• L tank pump 1 Low pressure – ECAM message, “LO” on ECAM pump symbol
- Fault Lt. On pumps P/B
• Center tank pump 2 Low pressure – M/C, S/C, pump P/B fault Lt.
- ECAM msg, “LO” on lower ECAM
• R tank pump 1 + 2 LO pressure – M/C,S/C both pumps Fault Lt. ON
- ECAM msg., Lower ECAM both pump “LO”
• Center tank pumps LO pressure – M/C, S/C, both P/B fault Lt. ON
- FOB figure and center tank quantity boxed in Amber as center fuel
not useable
• X Feed Fault – valve position disagree with selection shows Amber ECAM msg.
• Engine 1 LP valve position – M/C, S/C, ECAM msg, lower ECAM valve symbol Amber
• L wing tank LO level – M/C, S/C, A/W Incase of wing tank LO level detection, ECAM msg.,
• R/H transfer valve closed – M/C, S/C, A/W incase of Xfer valve malfunction, ECAM msg., Xfer valve
indication on ECAM amber, R outer cell fuel unusable
• L outer tank Hi temp. – ECAM msg., M/C, S/C, ECAM temp. value amber
• R inner tank LO temp. – ECAM msg., LO temp. indication amber
• Auto feed fault – M/C, S/C ( in case of auto feed fault ), ECAM msg., fault Lt. on auto feed mode selector
- Center tank > 250 kg + L or R wing tank < 5000kg
- Center tank pumps do not stop after slat retraction
- Center tank pumps do not stop after LO level reached
• APU LP valve fault – ECAM msg., APU LP valve symbol amber when valve not in correct position

78
Fuel IDG Cooling System
• Fuel divider and Return valve (FD & RV) controlled by FADEC
• Input signal from sensors via FLSCUs
• Fuel return valve closes
• Inner cell level drops to low level sensor (IDG S/O sensor) [750 kgs], reduces amount of unusable fuel
• Inner cell temp. reached to 52.5 °C to prevent engine limitation exceeded
• LO pressure signaled by all pumps of related wing with X Feed valve closed
• LO pressure signaled by all pumps from both wing with X Feed valve open
• When outer cell temp. Reached to 55 °C this prevents large value of Hi temp. fuel entering from inner
cell in the event of inner cell valve opening
• If center tank fail to respond to inner tank full level sensor causing wing tank to over flow to surge
tanks
• Heated fuel allows to go to outer cell by Fuel divider and Return valve (FD & RV)
• FLSCU 1 (2), EEC 1 ( 2 )

Refuel and Defuel System

• Refueling coupling located R/H wing leading edge, supply fuel to center tank and outer cell. When outer
cell full goes to inner cell by spill pipe
• Automatic refueling start by outer cells, if selected fuel load exceeds the wing tank capacity the center tank
refueled simultaneously, approximate refueling time 20 min for all tanks
• Refueling also possible with only battery power is available from HOT BAT BUS 1.
• Battery Sw. for refueling will go off automatically if no refueling operation selected with in 10 min.
• Refueling valve
• Solenoid operated valve and interchangeable with others, can be manually operated by pushing a
plunger on valve it self
• Diffusers
• Prevent turbulence and electrostatic buildup
• Defuel / transfer valve
• Controlled by refuel panel Sw., when valve open connects refuel galley and engine supply line for
defueling or transfer purpose.
• If left open, in Air mode automatically goes to close
• Pressure relief valve
• Relieve fuel in to the R/H wing Tank in the event of center tank refueling over flow
• Hi level sensor
• Installed in center and each inner tank
• When immerse in fuel related refuel valve closes
• Multi tank indicator
• Display quantity of fuel in each tank, if ARINC bus or internal failure display blanks
• Refuel valve selector

OPEN OPEN – Valve open

NORMAL NORMAL – Auto refueling
SHUT SHUT – Valve close

• One selector per tank

• Automatic refueling - select normal position
• Defueling – Valve will not open
• Select open – Valve operation depends on Mode Selector position
• Select shut – Valve closes, independent of Mode Select position
• Mode Selector

REFUEL

OFF

DEFUEL / X FR
• OFF position – Refueling valves close
• Refuel position – Operate automatically or manually depending on refuel valve selector position
• Defuel position – Opens defuel/transfer valve
79
• High level light

Blue Hi level Lt. for each tank and comes ON when fuel covered hi level sensor in the
tank

• Open Lt. – Lt. ON when Mode selector set to Defuel/transfer, confirmed valve opening

• Test Sw. –
• Select hi level position – Hi level Lt. ON if Hi level sensor circuit and sensor serviceable
• Pre selector
• During automatic refueling fuel to uploaded will be controlled as per the selection on the preselected
display
• Actual - Shows actual total fuel in the A/C

88.8
• Rocker Sw.
• Desired fuel figure can be selected on the preselector
• End Lt.
• Green end light On when automatic refueling completed
END • Flashes if incorrect fuel preselection or automatic refuel operation stopped with out completion
of normal operation

Quantity Indication System

• Capacitance type system
• Fuel mass and temp. measurement displaying
• Auto controlling of A/C refueling
• System integrity monitoring using Bite
• ARINC 429 data for interface to other systems

FQIC
• 2 channels for mass calculations
• Each calculation monitor with other channel then most accurate reading is the operational
• If one Channel fails system operation normal but fault send to CFDS
• Connects A/C system by ARINC 600 connector
• FQIS fail classes
• Grade 1 - Normal
• Grade 2 – Normal
• Grade 3 – Normal + reduced accuracy
• Grade 4 – Outside normal operation (display blank)
• Grade 5 – FQIC output
Probe
• Capacitance type probes give to FQIC relation with amount of fuel in the tank
• Center tank = 5 probes
• Probe # 5 - CIC
• Inner cell = 12 probes
• Probe # 2 – Temp.
• Probe # 4 – CIC
• Outer cell = 2 probes
• Probe # 13 - Temp
• No. 13 & 14 probes located in the outer cell, if failed quantity will be affected (only 2 probes in the outer
cell )

80
Capacitance index compensater (CIC)
• Calculates capacitance & di-electric consent of fuel if codensicon failure
• Located in the lowest level point in each wing inner cell and center tank with normal fuel probe
• Duel operation
• Fully Covered with fuel – measure the di-electric constant
• Not fully covered – acts as a normal probe
Codencicons
• Gives a signal to the FQIC proportion to dielectric constant & density of each tank
• Located on the floor of each tank
• Consist of two sensors
• Density measurement Both used to calculate fuel quantity
• Dielectric of fuel

FQIC & FLSCU interfaces

• Shut refuel valve when hi level reached
• Carry out bite check by refuel control panel (bite test of high level sensor & circuits )
• Hi level sensor sends information to FLSCU then FQIC
• Test indicated via FQIC & FLSCU, sensor & system status sent from FQIC to CFDS

Control panel
• FQIC distribute the fuel load for all tanks + auto shut off
• When selector select refuel
• FQIC check amount selected possible to upload
• Monitor density of fuel in each tank then distribute among them

Landing Gear Lever

• Send Gnd/Flt. Information when A/C on jacks (Can be refuel when A/C on Jacks)

ADIRU
• Provides acceleration data during flight as a alternate sauce of attitude (normal attitude data comes from
level of fuel in each tank with comparing tank geometry, will stored in the memory)

CFDS
• By ARNC 429 FQIC sends bite information to CFDS to monitor faults
• Via CFDS individual capacitance can be checked on each probe

FMGC
• FQIC provide fuel parameters to navigation computations
ECAM
• Total & individual quantity information for ECAM to display on system page

Fuel Level Sensing

• Level sensors
• Contains therrmister and fast blow fuse
• Temp. sensor
• Contains Platinum wire, resistor + fast blow fuse
• Operation
• When sensing thermister exposed to air, temp rises by applied current
• When it immersed high thermal conductivity of fuel comparison with air causes thermister temp. fall
• Sense by multi channel FLSCU 1 & 2
• Hi level sense – (One in each inner & center tank)
• When Mode selector Sw. select refuel + sensor immersed in fuel
• Defuel/refuel valve closes
• Blue hi level Lt. illuminates on refuel control panel
• Low level sensor – ( Qty 2in each Inner & Center tank)
• Exposure of Center tank low level sensor causes tank pump stop after 5 min time delay
• Exposure of inner tank low level sensor cause immediate opening of inner cell transfer valves
• Exposure to air for 30 sec gives LO LEVEL ECAM warning

81
• IDG shut off sensor (low level sensor)- (Qty 1 in each Inner cell)
• Commands IDG fuel return valve to close
• Full Level – (Inner cell qty.2 each)
• Causes center tank pumps to stop then Inner cell pumps supply to engines until Under flow level
reached in inner tank
• Monitor IDG fuel cooling
• Underfull Level – (Qty 3 in each inner cell, qty 1 in each outer cell)
• Center tank pump to start, provided fuel in the tank (deference full & under full level is 500 kg)
• Over flow – (Qty 1 in vent tank)
• If center tank pump fail to stop with inner tank full level, fuel will go to surge tank the Over flow sensor
command return valve to close
• Temperature sensor – ( Qty 1 in each inner & outer cell) [ colour is Black ]
• To ensure fuel temp. in engine inlet does not exceed temp. limit to close fuel return valve

MCDU Pages
• FLSS status
• Bite run out 30 sec after power up
• Bite 1 – Hi, Surge tank sensors
• Bite 2 – Rear inner cell transfer valve + some low level sensors
• Bite 3 - Outer cell underfull sensor + Remaining low level sensors
• Bite 4 – Inner cell full / underfull, sensor logic control circuits, temp. sensors
• FQIS status
• List is provides when detected LRU failure or at the last FQIC power up test
• All classes are reported on Channel 1 & 2, channel 1got priority. Channel number will be displayed
and failure grade will define GO / NO GO
• Input parameter value
• Following information displayed
• Permitivity calculated by cadencicon
• Density calculated by cadencicon
• Permitivity calculated by CIC
• Fuel temperature in inner and outer cells
• Effective pitch and roll attitudes
• All capacitance values of the tank probes, CIC, cadencicons
• Gives status of the FQIS discrete inputs ( 1 = active status )

Auxiliary center tank

• During flight pressured by cabin pressure
• ACT transfer pump located at center tank to transfer by suction and pressure due to the cabin pressure by
closing vent valves and opening air S/O valves.
• ACT 2 tank will be transfer to the center tank first after 10 min Hi level exposed in the center tank via
ACT transfer valve, ACT 2 inlet valve after opening air SOV to get cabin pressure and closing vent valves.
• Vent valves will open after transfer completed.

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 HYDRAULIC SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 29)
• Three independent Hydraulic systems (Green, Blue, Yellow)
• In normal operation Green and Yellow system provided by engine driven pumps (Green = L/H engine,
Yellow = R/H engine) and Blue by Electric pump
• Each system got its own reservoir which is pneumatically pressured by engine # 1 HP air or X bleed duct
• All reservoirs will be filled by Green ground service panel
• Accumulators in the system helps to maintain constant pressure during normal operation by covering
transit demands

Green System
• EDP driven by L/H engine, provide pressure 3000 psi and pump cooling and lubricating flow passes
through a filter and goes to return line
• Can be pressurized via PTU by Yellow system with out fluid transfer
• Fire SOV located in up stream of the pump to isolates system if required by engine fire P/B
• Reservoir low level and low quantity indication on ECAM by a transmitter and a low level switch
• Reservoir air used to prevent pumps cavitation, low air pressure measured by pressure switch
(pressure < 22 psi)
• Pressure Sw. monitors EDP output pressure for ECAM indication (threshold pressure = 1740 psi)

HP manifold
• Qty 2 pressure Sw. sends signal to FAC 1, BSCU, ECAM, SEC 1, ELAC 1& 2 other Sw. sends to ELAC 1
& 2, SEC 2 & 3 (threshold pressure = 1450 psi)
• HP filter equipped with clogging indicat or measures ∆P > 87 psi
• Pressure transducer sends system pressure to ECAM & ELAC 1 & 2
• Leak measurement solenoid valve located on HP manifold isolates flight controls when P/B on
maintenance panel set to OFF
• Accumulator damps at small pressure changes filled with Nitrogen pressure 1885 psi
• Leak measurement manifold, operation of spool valve allows associated section to be supplied for leak
measurement test

PTU manifold
• Normal braking selector valve which cuts off hydraulic power to the normal braking selector valve
• Priority valve
• PTU isolating solenoid valve which deactivates PTU with several conditions
• Return manifold consists of
• Temp. sensor + temp. transducer sends data for ECAM warnings
• Filter and clog indicator

Yellow System
• EDP driven by R/H engine, provides pressure 3000 psi and pump cooling and lubricating flow passes
through a filter and goes to return line
• Can be pressurized via PTU by Green system with out fluid transfer
• Electrical pump use to provide auxiliary power
• Hand pump can be used to open/close cargo door if electrical pump not available, located in Gnd. service
panel
• Fire SOV located in up stream of the pump to isolate system if required by engine P/B
• Reservoir low level and low quantity indication on ECAM by a transmitter and a low level switch
• Reservoir air used to prevent pump cavitation, low air pressure measured by pressure switch and sends to
ECAM (pressure < 22 psi)
• Pressure Sw. monitors EDP output pressure for ECAM indication (threshold pressure = 1740 psi)
• Yellow electrical pump runs with Electrical pump P/B press or cargo door operation

HP manifold
• Qty 2 pressure Sw. sends signal to SEC 1, ELAC 1& 2 other Sw. sends to ECAM, ELAC 1 & 2, SEC 2
& 3, FAC 2 (threshold pressure = 1450 psi)
• Pressure transducer send to ECAM & ELAC 1 & 2
• Leak measurement solenoid valve located on HP manifold automatically prevent flight control
operation if electrical pump operated by cargo door Sw.
83
 • HP filter equipped with clogging indicator measures ∆P > 87 psi
• Accumulator damped at small pressure changes filled with Nitrogen pressure 1885 psi
• Leak measurement manifold spool valve allows associated section of flight controls to be supplied for leak
measurement test
PTU manifold
• Priority valve
• Quick disconnect for maintenance operation to prevent PTU operation
• Solenoid valve stops PTU operation with Sw. command on the hydraulic panel
• Return manifold consists of
• Temp. sensor + temp. transducer sends data for ECAM warnings
• Filter and clog indicator
Blue system
• Electrical pump will be pressurize the system for 3000 psi
• RAT provides hydraulic pressure 2500 psi in emergency use, automatic deployment inhibited on Gnd.,
located in Blue hydraulic compartment
• Reservoir low level and low quantity indication on ECAM by a transmitter and a low level Sw.
• Reservoir air used to prevent pump cavitation, low air pressure measured by two pressure switches and
sends to ECAM (pressure < 22 psi meg “LO AIR PRES” ) and press < 30 psi with message “BLUE RSVR”
• Pressure Sw. monitors Elect pump output pressure (threshold pressure = 1450 psi)
HP manifold
• Qty 2 pressure Sw. sends signal to ECAM, SEC 1, ELAC 1& 2 other Sw. sends to ELAC 1 & 2, SEC 2
& 3 (threshold pressure = 1450 psi)
• Pressure transducer send to ECAM & ELAC 1 & 2
• Leak measurement valve isolates flight controls
• Priority valve
• HP filter equipped with clogging indicator measures ∆P > 87 psi
• Accumulator damped at small pressure changes filled with nitrogen pressure 1885 psi
• RAM air turbine can be manually operate or automatically in flight
• Leak measurement manifold spool valve allows associated section of flight controls to be supplied for leak
measurement test
• Return manifold consists of
• Temp. sensor + temp. transducer sends data for ECAM warnings
• Filter and clog indicator

PTU
• Automatically activated when differential pressure between green and yellow system > 500 psi
• When engines shut down PTU allows Green system to be pressurized by Yellow electric pump
• PTU automatically Inhibited
st nd
• During 1 engine start (to eliminate noise) and automatically tested when 2 engine start on Gnd. with
parking brakes ON or Towing arm attached (Green hydraulic not required for normal braking or
steering)
• During cargo door operation with yellow electrical pump
• Two solenoids located in Green and Yellow PTU manifolds will cut off PTU up on inhibited conditions and
PTU P/B press on hydraulic panel
PTU
Sw. AUTO – Arming of PTU auto mode
FAULT A FAULT – Reservoir low air pressure, low fluid level or OVHT
U - PTU fault
OFF
T Sw. OFF – Solenoid in Green & Yellow HP manifolds close PTU operation
O

Engine Pump

ENG. PUMP Push IN – Pump pressurize Green (Yellow) system

Sw. OFF – Pump in de pressurized mode
FAULT
Fault – Reservoir low air pressure, low fluid level or OVHT
- Pump low pressure (inhibits on Gnd. when engine stopped)
OFF - Lt. goes off when Sw. select off except OVHT condition)

84
HYD RAT MAN ON Sw.
HYD
RAT MAN ON Press IN – RAT deploy at any time (If automatic failure)

Electrical pump (Blue)

ELEC PUMP
st
Sw in AUTO – Pump operates from 1 engine start up until last engine stop
FAULT
A Sw. OFF – Pump
U Fault – Reservoir low air pressure, low fluid level or OVHT
OFF
T - Pump low pressure
O

• Can run for long time for Gnd. maintenance purposes with out OVHT hydraulic fluid
• Blue electrical pump operates if
• At touch down after nose landing gear compressed + 2min with AC power avail
• Elect P/B in auto + Nose L/G not compressed + AC power avail from APU
• One engine run + Elect P/B in auto
• Elect P/B in auto + Blue OVRD pump select ON

Yellow electrical pump

ELEC PUMP
Press IN – Pump ON
FAULT Fault - Reservoir low air pressure, low fluid level or OVHT
- Pump low pressure (PTU will not be available)
OFF

Maintenance Panel
Sw. Pressed IN – On Gnd. Blue electrical pump can be pressurized for
maintenance purpose provided Electrical pump P/B on
BLUE PUMP hydraulic panel set to AUTO
OVRD

ON

Leak measurement valves

• Located in each HP manifold operated by guarded P/B in maintenance panel
• Valve closes during cargo door operation to prevent hydraulically power the flight control system

HYD
LEAK MESU. VALVES
One for each hydraulic system of Primary flight control to leak measurement
Sw press IN – Normal operation
OFF – Only on Gnd. valve closes and stops hydraulic supply to primary
flight controls
OFF

85
Leak measurement system
• Flight control systems permanently supplied through leak measurement valves
• During hydraulic test PTU connection to be removed to prevent PTU operation
• Spool valves in leak measurement manifold will facilitate select associate section to be tested during test
and also can be manually close / open for maintenance purposes

Priority Valves
During low hydraulic pressure maintain operation of essential systems by cut off hydraulic for heavy uses.
Closes at pressure 1841 psi

• During Cargo door operation

• PTU inhibited by solenoid valves
• Yellow Leak measurement valves activate to prevent hydraulic pressure goes in to flight control
systems
• Provide a signal to SFCC to prevent any Flap movement

ECAM Indications

• LO AIR PRESS – If low air pressure in the hydraulic reservoir

• OVHT – Reservoir return hydraulic temp. above normal
• OVHT(at hydraulic pump) – Pump OVHT

86
 ICE AND RAIN PROTECTION (CHAPTER – 30)
• Permits unrestricted operation in icing and heavy rain
• Engine intake and last 3 out board wing leading edge Slats if each wing supplied with hot air
• Flight windows, probes, ports water lines and waste wat er drain masts are electrically heated
• Optional dual ice detection system informs crew if any icing condition (visual ice indicator).
• Ice condition may be expected when OAT or TAT < 8 °C

Wing anti-ice system

• Hot air from pneumatic system enters to wing L/E via pressure control SOV, which is electrically controlled
and pneumatically operated. If electrical or pneumatic failure valve close
• Valve controlled by wing anti – ice P/B in the flight deck
• L/H wing anti-ice valve must be closed before dispatch if faulty

WING Press IN – ON Lt. appears, valve open (In flight), On Gnd. Open only for
30 sec.(for test purpose).
FAULT
Fault Lt. ON –Valve remains open when Sw. set to OFF
ON - Valve remains close when Sw. set to ON

System Interfaces
• Anti-ice P/B sends to valve, SDCA (ECAM warning)+ EIU (engine power increase according to the bleed
demand)
• Zone controller will control bleed as per demand

Engine air intake anti – ice system

• Air bled from HP compressor of each engine via Anti-ice valve (Energized to close), if lack of bleed air
spring loaded to close, with bleed air loss of electrical power valve remain open
• When both engine anti-ice valves open Cabin ZC determines demand to FADEC to lower EPR limit

ENG
Pressed IN – Valve open if bleed air avails + ON Lt. illuminates
FAULT Fault Lt. ON – During valve transit
- Valve disagreement with Sw. position
ON

Interfaces
• Switch P/B sends to valve, SDAC(ECAM indication + warning), Cabin ZC receive valve not close position
for bleed air management

Dual advisory Ice detection system

• Purpose is to provide better ice detection and save fuel by cut off anti-ice system when not required
• System consist of 2 ice detectors installed on A/C skin and directly connected to FWC to display warning
on the ECAM E/W display
• Two levels of detections
• “ICE DETECTED” correspond to elementary detection
• “SEVERE ICEE DETECTED” corresponding to 7 successive elementary detection
• System operates by electrical power up and sends warning in flight, above 1500ft and when TAT < 8 °C
even with one ice detector fault
• Detector generates 3 different discrete signals
• ICE DETECTED” – when engine intake ice detected
• “SEVERE ICE DETECTED” – when wing area ice detected
• “DETE CT FAULT” – when two ice detectors faulty – ECAM message appears
• Each detector provided with bite function for continuos monitoring

87
Probe ice protection system
• System controlled by qty 3 Probe Heat Controllers (PHC)
• PHC 1 controls
• Captain’s Pitot, Static L & R, TAT and AOA for indicating and monitoring
• PHC 2
• First officer Pitot, Static L & R, AOA and TAT for indicating and monitoring
• PHC 3
• STBY Pitot, Static L & R, AOA for indicating and monitoring
• When one engine is running all probes and plates automatically activated can be manually Sw. OFF by
P/B
• Also can be activated by select probe / window heat P/B press
• On Gnd. Pitot heating reduced and TAT heating cut off
• PHC sends failures to ECAM via respective ADIRU and FWC and direct communication with CFDIU
• Pulling PHC & EIU CB’s cause unwanted heating on the probes and static ports
• 28 VDC for Static ports and PHC, 115 VAC for AOA, Pitot and TAT heating

PROBE / WINDOW
HEAT Press In – Heating available
Auto – Probes / windows heated automatically
A
ON U
T
O

Window anti-icing and defogging

• System consist of qty 2 WHC (each controls 1 wind shield + 2 windows)
• Heating comes ON automatically with one engine start or Press Probe/window heat P/B
• Each WHC provides temp. regulation, over heat protection and fault indication
• Pulling PHC & EIU CB’s cause unwanted heating on wind shields and side windows
• Wind shields are de iced and side windows demised
• 115VAC used for window heating, 115 VAC dual phases used for windshields
• WHC provides independent temp. regulation between 35 to 42 °C, Heating cut off if temp. reaches 60 or –
60 °C
• Each window and windshield consist with qty 2 sensors (1 spare)
• Detection of extreme windshield temp or sensor failure causes warning activation and windshield heating
power cutoff
• In flight windshields fully heated by dual phase current
• WHC type 2 system

Wiper system
• Wipers designed to operate effectively up to 200 kts

Drain mast ice protection system

• Each control unit for Fwd and Aft drain mast
• If normal temp. controller failed temp. sensor in the drain mast it self (switch open at 57 °C) will regulate
temperature
• Control unit controls temp in the drain mast between 5 °C to 15 °C also monitor by Bite function, system
status sends to the CIDS to indicate on the PTP, CIDS caution Lt. and also controller face (HU and CU Lt.)
• Test – 2 tests
• From PTP – If test OK PTP message “DRAIN MAST TEST OK”
• On the face of the control unit – When test P/B pressed “HTR” and “CU” Lts. will be ON
• For complete test both tests to be carried out

Potable and waste water line anti-ice system

• System consist of one control unit and each system (potable & waste) 2 heaters and a sensor
• Heating regulated between 6 to 10 °C
• Test
• Manual test available on the control unit face, if test satisfactory Green colour LED Ltd. Will illuminates

88
 AIRCRAFT INSTRUMENTS SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 31)
Pin programming
• Used to inform CFDS particular computer status in particular station.

EIS – Electronic Instrument system

• Present data for EFIS & ECAM systems
• Contains Qty 6 Identical & Interchangeable CRT’s

EFIS
• Consist of 3 main function
• Data acquisition, Processing and displaying
• Contains Qty 4 display units, Qty 2 for Capt’s and Qty 2 for FO’s.
• WXR send data to DMC via 4 ARINC 435 high speed bus
• DMC transfer information to DU via Master DSDL bus
• Feed back from DU to DMC via Feedback DSDL bus
• A/C systems send information to DMC via ARINC 429 bus
• DMC and EFIS control panels linked via ARINC 429 buses.
• FWC used RS 422 buses to send memo msgs to DMC
• Each DMC transmit data via 2 ARINC data buses
• Low speed unswitched bus to CFDU
• Hi speed switched bus to FWC and ECAM control panel
• PFD – Indicates parameters need to short term A/C control such as
• Attitude data
• Air speed data – Indicated L/H side of the display with significant limit protection and target speed
• Altitude data – Indicated R/H side of the display as per selected baro setting
• Vertical speed – Indicated extreme R/H side with analog pointer and digital figure.
• Heading data – On the bottom with moving horizontal scale.
• LOC/GS information – Indicated on L/H side and bottom
• FMA modes – Indicated top of the display concerning FMGC operation.

• ND – Indicates Navigation and Weather Radar Informations.

• Rose ILS modes – Indicates A/ C situation with ILS deviation
• Rose VOR modes – Indicates A/C horizontal situation showing VOR cause and deviation
• Rose NAV modes – Indicates A/C 360 deg situation with flight plan
• ARC mode – Display forward 90 deg situation with flight plan
• Plan mode – Displayed true north oriented flight plan

• PFD display has priority over ND

• EFIS control panel Qty 2, each contains
• PFD /ND transfer P/B – If PFD DU fails transfer to ND display and vise versa.
• PFD / ND dim controller – Control brightness and Sw off simulates display fault

ECAM
• Contains Qty 2 displays
• Upper DU – Engine & Warning display ( E/W )
• Lower DU – System & status display ( S )
• ECAM control panel contains
• Qty 2 dim / bright control Sws – Sw off simulates DU fault
• 11 Manual system select P/B Sws
• Qty 2 CLR P/B Sws
• Emergency cancel Sw
• Can be cancelled all audio warnings
• If Red warning , M/W and ECAM msg remains
• If Amber warning, M/C and ECAM msg will cancel for the rest of the flight, status page will appear
and “CANCELLED CAUTION” msg will be on E/W DU failure title
• T/O CONFIG SW – T O power application simulated if configuration OK “TO CONFIG NORMAL”
msg will appear on E/W display
89
 • Conditions
• Slats or Flaps in T.O configuration
• Pitch trim in T.O configuration
• Speed brakes retracted
• All doors closed
• Wheel brake not OVHT
• Both side sticks operative
• RCL
• Emergency Cancel will restore by pressing more than 3 sec.
• Recall all cancelled messages
• ALL
• Push and hold then all pages will be displayed in 2 sec intervals
• Can be used even control panel microprocessor failure.

Engine and Warning display

• Dedicated to engine control parameters and permanently displayed.

PRIMARY ENGINE
PARAMETERS

FUEL

SLATS &
FLAPS

WARNING MEMOS

• Memo Messages
• A/C systems functions temporary selected
• Normal check lists
• If failure or special msg. detected has got priority over memo page
• If over fl ow detected down looking arrow shows
• During T/O and Landing most of them are inhibited and TO INHB msg. will appear.
• If A/C system parameters drifted “ADV “ appears with pulsing when ECAM mono mode
• R/H memo page will indicate Normal memo, Secondary failure messages and during T.O mode
“TO INHIB” msg. will appear.
• L/H memo page T.O or Landing memo, normal memo, independent failure msg. and action to be
performed, primary failures will be displayed.

System and Status display

• Displays one of the 12 A/C system pages, 11 manually selected and

STATUS &
SYSTEM Cruse page Automatically or with Lt. Test Sw .
PAGE • After a failure shows summery of A/C systems
• Left part shows
PERMANENT • In Blue limitations & postponable procedure
DATA • In Green landing capabilities & reminders.

• Cancelled cautions displayed at the bottom

• Right part shows inoperative systems & maintenance status
• If any data in status it will be indicated on E/W display as STS if status page not selected.
• Status page will be displayed automatically during descent after slats extended except page is empty
• In status page on maintenance part holds messages on Gnd. before engine start up or after engine shut
down (Phases 1 and 10)

90
• Lower half shows some permanent data will be displayed as
• TAT – Green when normal
• SAT – Green when normal
• GMT – Synchronized with cock-pit clock, in Green
• G.W – Gross weight inhibited in flight phases 2 and after 9
• Above GMT indication two types of information
• G LOAD – If load factor out of limits (amber) > 1.4g or < 0.7g
• Altitude selected on FCU (Green) in metric provided G Load not indicated
• System page logic in modes
• Manual mode - Can OVRD all the other
• Failure mode – Auto appears due to a warning / caution
• Advisory mode – Auto appears due to parameters drifting
• Flight phase mode – Auto appears due to A/C situation

ECAM & EFIS failures

• If ECAM E/W display failed automatically transferred to system display, as priority to E/W display
• If PFD failed automatically transferred to ND display
• After ECAM double failure E/W manually can be transferred to ND, if system page required, need to hold
P/B manually.
• ECAM / ND transfer Sw will select ECAM display to ND due to ECAM DU failure but Not vise – versa
• ECAM control panel failure will not effect to EMER CANC, CLR, RCL, ALL and STS functions.
• SDAC both failures will cause lose of Amber warnings but Engine, fuel, flight control, wheel system pages
remain available.
• FWC both failures will cause lose of aural warning, text msg. on E/W display, attention getters, no data to
DMC and no advisory messages as they generate by FWC and only ECAM messages.

ECAM advisory and failure related modes

• Alerts in 3 levels
• Level 3 - Warnings
• Highest priority, Red master warning lt. Flashing + continues repetitive chime + Red. ECAM
messages.
• Action to be performed immediately.(Effecting A/C safety)
• Level 2 - Cautions
• Amber master caution lt. + Single chime + Amber ECAM messages.
• Action left to the discretion of the crew
• Level 1 – Cautions
• No LT + no Chime + local indication or ECAM messages.
• Status megs – No warnings or caution but requires maintenance action, will appear on status
maintenance page + pulsing after engine shut down.

Failures
• Independent failures – does not effect to other system
• Primary failures – Causing loss of other equipment (Red or Amber) indication on E/W DU
L/H memo area.
• Secondary failures – Failure due to primary failure (Amber), Indicated on lower R/H of E/W with Θ mark

Failure classification
• Class 1
• Requesting T/S to be fixed before next flight
• Got operational consequence on the flight
• Will be displayed in the MCDU on Last/current leg and Last/current leg ECAM report
• Inform to crew on E/W DU

• Class 2
• Failure to fixed with in 10 days
• No immediate operational consequence on the flight
• Will be displayed on ECAM status page under maintenance title
• Will be displayed in the MCDU on Last/current leg and Last/current leg ECAM report

91
• Class 3
• Minor failure can be fixed on next maintenance check
• No operational consequence
• Will be displayed on Avionics status page

System Types – Depends on the memorization capacity of the system and kind of link between CFDIU
• Type 1
• Memorization of 64 flight legs, data link 2 ARINC 429 IN and OUT data lines
• Menu is available to talk directly with the system
• Menu contains
• Last leg report
• Previous report
• LRU identification
• T/S data – Contains data constituting snapshot of system and presented in hexadecimal language
• Class 3 faults
• Test
• Ground scanning – Only on Ground and established by forcing operation of the Bite in
system normal mode (same Bite operation as in flight)

• Type 2
• Memorization of last flight leg only, data link one ARINC 429 OUT line and discrete IN line
• Present a menu with only last leg report and operational function depend on the system
• Does not communicate directly with the system, system permanently transmits data on the system bus
to CFDS
• Type 3
• No memory only test or reset, data link 2 discrete IN and OUT lines
• Available only test & reset function.

Advisory
• Due to parameter drifting on specific system, relevant system will be displayed on lower display with
corresponding key Lt. appears on the ECAM cont. panel with ECAM normal mode
• If ECAM mono display mode E/W page “ADV “ sign will flash to get crew attention and ECAM control panel
relevant page P/B LT. starts flashing.

Attention Getters
• Warning messages. accompanied with Master warning & Master caution

• Master Warning

MASTER Red light flashes

WARN Level 3 warning

• Master Caution

Amber light
MASTER Level 2 warning
CAUT

DMC – (Display Management Computer)

• Divided to 4 parts – Data acquisition channel, PFD,ND, ECAM processing channels
• Process data to generates codes and Graphic instructions.
• DMCs converts WXR ARINC 435 bus in to 4 digital buses ( one clock and 3 colour ) to EFIS display units
• DMC #1 controls Capt’s PFD, ND, E/W displays via Master dedicated serial data links ( Master DSDL)
• DMC #2 controls FO’s PFD, ND, System display via Master dedicated serial data links ( Master DSDL)
• Qty 3 DMCs , #3 DMC STBY can be manually transferred to any other DMC failure provided faulty DMC
not removed from the rack, as switching relay located in the DMC it self.
92
• Each DMC can process only Qty.3 displays
• DMC s common to EFIS and ECAM systems.
• DMC receives Information not correspond to generate warning
• Navigation and AFS
• Engine FADEC system
• Fuel Qty
• WBS

FWC (Flight Warning Computer)

• Carry out 3 functions
• Data acquisition, Flight phase computation & Data warning computation
• Hart of the ECAM system
• Generates
• All warning megs to be displayed,
• Attention getters
• Computes flight phases
• Aural warnings
• Provides ECAM warning messages to CFDS.
• Inputs received to FWC used to
• Generate RED warnings
• A/C system synoptics
• DFDR
• FWC Out puts
• Discrete for attention Getters
• Discrete + Analogue to audio signals
• ARINC 429 for data information
• RS422 buses to deliver memo message to DMC

SDAC (System Data Acquisition Concentrator)

• Both SDACs are Identical
• Cary out 3 functions
• Data Acquisition, concentration and digitalization
• Receives various signal and send to
• FWC – To generate Amber warning
• DMC – To create synoptics
• Inputs received to SDAC
• To generate AMBER warnings
• A/C system synoptics
• DFDR
• SDAC outputs
• ARINC 429 data buses used to deliver to DMC.
• Double SDAC failure will loose lot of information except input direct to DMC

• Display unit indicates input failure not a display fault

Flight Phases (Computed by FWC)

1. Door / Oxy – On Gnd If APU starting after 10 sec appears or If engine starting after start.
st
2. Wheel – (After 1 engine start) if flight control operated for 20 sec Flight Cont. page appears. (side stick or
rudder deflection > 22 dig.)
st
3. Engine – (1 Eng. T.O power & 80kts), most warning inhibited , T.O INHIBIT msg. on E/W display
4. Engine – (80kts & lift off), most warning inhibited , T.O INHIBIT msg. on E/W display
5. Engine – (lift off & 1500 ft), most warning inhibited , T.O INHIBIT msg. on E/W display
6. Cruse – (1500ft & 800ft), appears when Slats retraced + Eng. No longer at T.O power. Disappears when
L/Gear select down (Wheel Page appears)
7. Wheel – (800ft & touch down), most warning inhibited , T.O INHIBIT msg. on E/W display
8. Wheel – (Touch down & 80kts), most warning inhibited , T.O INHIBIT msg. on E/W display and Gnd
spoilers displayed after touch down
93
 nd
9. Wheel – (80 kts & 2 Eng S/Down ), LDG INHIBIT message disappeared
nd
10. DOOR – (5 min after 2 Eng. S/Down ), FWC starts new flight leg in phase 1

Flight Phases
5 min AFTER ENG
1st ENG T/O TOUCH DOWN SHUT DOWN
PWR 1500 ft or 2 min
AFTER LIFT OFF
800 ft 2nd ENG SHUT
ELEC PWR ON DOWN
LIFT OFF
80
1st ENG 80 Kts Kts
START

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

DOOR WHEEL ENGINE CRUISE WHEEL DOOR

• APU page appears when APU master Sw. selects to ON and disappears with RPM > 95%for 10 sec. Or
Master Sw. selects to OFF
• Engine page appears when selects to crank and disappears 10 sec. After end of start sequence

Clock
• Clock failure or loss of power supply digital display will be lost
• Loss of main electrical power, time(UTC & ET ) counted in memory via built in battery except for chrono
function
• Clock provides information via ARINC 429 bus to FMGC, FDIU and CFDIU.
• Display can be tested by ann. Lt test Sw.

ON BOARD MAINTENANCE FACILITIES

• Acquisition of system data performed by 3 major electronic systems
• ECAM – Monitors operational data to display warnings and system information
• DFDRS – Records operational parameters for incident investigation purpose
• CFDS – Monitors bite data in order to record system failures.
• Consolidation
• In normal operation ECAM permanently displayed normal A/C parameters.
• An anomaly detected ECAM shows abnormal parameters and its warning then CFDS records failure
via bite system
• Maintenance operations divided in to 3 groups
• Minor T/S via ECAM & CFDS through MCDU
• In-depth T/S can be performed through CFDS and printed reports
• Long term maintenance performed via help of DFDRS
• CFDS has got a back up
• Non volatile memory holds memory during power failure.

TESTS
• Power up test
• Is a safety test, to ensure compliance with the safety objectives.
• Executed after long power cuts on Gnd ( > 200 ms)
• Tasks of power up test
• Test microprocessor
• Test of memories
• Test of ARINC 429 & other circuits
• Configuration tests

94
• Cyclic tests ( Operational Tests)
• Carried out all the time without disturbing operation
• Tasks of the test
• Check wach dog
• Check RAM
• System test
• Purpose to offer test the system for T/S
• Performed after replacement of LRU
• More complete than power up test
• Specific test
• Purpose of the test is to generate stimuli to various command devices (valves, actuators.)

CENTRALIZED FAULT DISPLY INTERFCE UNIT (CFDIU)

• Receives failure megs from other A/C systems
• Consist of 2 distinct channels
• Normal channel – Ensure all the functions
• Standby channel – Operates when normal channel faulty
• CFDS can memorize up to 64 previous legs bite reports
• On Gnd memorization only for the Bites
• Receives city pair and flight number from the FAC
• Receives A/c ident from FDIU and sends to all type 1 systems
• Receives flight phases and ECAM warning from FWC
• Obtain Engine serial numbers from DMC and send to EVMU, DMC receives from engine control unit.
• If A/C clock fails time receives from own clock
• Normal mode
• Scans all connected systems and memorize all failure to generate Last (current) Leg Reports and Last
(current) leg ECAM reports.
• In flight always in normal mode

• Menu mode
• Dialogs only with selected system for tests
• Can be selected only on Gnd.
• CFDS back up mode
• Automatically displayed during CFDS failure
• Added to CFDS menu in case of minor failure
• If the serious fault when CFDS selected directly back up mode appears
• In flight no function available
• On Gnd only system report test possible for the main systems.
• CFDS Phases
• Ground /Flight transition
• Event 1
st st
• At the soonest; 1 Engine start + 3 min if flight number entered prior to 1 engine start.
• At the latest: A/C speed > 80kts flight number not entered prior to engine start.
• At the event 1 leg number is incremented
• In flight Phase
• From event 1 until A/C speed < 80 kts + 30 sec for type 1 & 3 systems considered flight
• For type 2 systems considered in flight from 30 sec after lift off to touch down
• Flight /Ground transition
• After touch down A/C speed < 80kts + 30 sec
PFR filter mode
• Purpose to improve operational use of PFR by filtering all spurious or unjustified failures/messages.

• FWC sends primary and independent ECAM failure information to CFDS

• MCDU key board to start bite and interface with CFDS

95
Last/Current Leg Report
• Current Leg Report
• Failures occurred concerning all systems during flight
• Each msg contains text of the failure, ATA reference and flight phase and time of the failure occurs
• A function correlates the source failure msg. with the resulting failure msg.
st
• Source – Name of the system affected by failure (1 system identified fault)
• Identifier – Name of the system affected by an external failure which is correlated with source
failure (Failure also seen but not at first)
• Last Leg Report – current leg reports automatically convert to last leg after the flight to Gnd CFDS flight
phase transition.
• Class 1 & 2 failures will be indicated
Last/Current Leg ECAM Report
• Current Leg ECAM Report
• All the warning megs appeared on upper ECAM during flight
• These megs are Primary or Independent warnings
• CFDS counts number of same msg. appears in the same flight and displayed in front of the msg. with
in brackets.
• Class 1 & 2 failures will be indicated
Previous leg report
• At each new flight leg, last leg report transfer to previous leg report
• Can store 200 failures over last 63 legs
• Displayed only on Gnd
• Flight leg counter (-XX ) number of flight leg before last flight leg. (E.g. – 01 means one before last leg)
• Prints only MCDU screen displayed page at a time
Post flight report
• Sum of last leg and last leg ECAM report
• Can only be printed on Gnd. and can be seen as a print only.
• Contains list of last leg report and fault megs. with associated time, flight phase and ATA reference
• Beginning of PFR recording
• If flight number inserted before engine start, fist engine start + 3 min
• If not, A/C speed > 80kts
• End of PFR recording
• A/C speed < 80kts + 30 sec
• Calculates when A/C in the flight mode as per CFDS flight/ground conditions
Avionics Status
• List of systems affected by a failure
• Only available on Gnd
• Information presented permanently updated in real time.
• Also indicated class 3 failures and will be identified with in brackets. (CLASS 3)
• Class 1& 2 failures also indicated.
System report test
• Avail only on ground, enable dialog the CFDS and one system computer at a time
Flight and Ground conditions
• For Type 1 & 3 systems
• Will be calculated as per CFDS conditions
• If flight number inserted before engine start, fist engine start + 3 min until speed<80kts + 30 sec.
• If not, A/C speed > 80kts until speed<80kts + 30 sec.
• For Type 2 systems - Form Lift off to touch down
Printer
• Prints CFDS and additional reports
• Additional reports comes from
• AIDS
• ACARS
• FMGS
• EVMU
• In manual mode commands comes from MCDU
• Data comes from low speed ARINC 429 buses
• Data out put to the system by one ARINC bus

96
DFDR
• Records mandatory parameters and consist of
• Flight data interface unit (FDIU)
• Collects and process parameters from SDACs, FWCs, DMCs, CFDS, DFDR event P/B and Clock
• Stores mandatory parameters in DFDR and QAR
• Digital flight data recorder (DFDR)
• Can store data of last 25 hrs.
• Under water locator beacon attached to DFDR
• Three axis linear accelerometer (LA)
• Measures the acceleration of the A/C along three axis
• Quick access recorder (QAR)
• Stores data as FDR for Gnd. performance, maintenance or condition monitoring tasks
• System energize automatically
st
• On Gnd. during 1 five min. after electrical net work energized
• On Gnd. with one engine running
• In flight (even engines not running)
• On Gnd. system stops automatically
nd
• Five mins. After 2 engine stops
• On Gnd. crew can operate DFDR manually by pressing GND CTL. P/B

DFDR Event P/B

DFDR
P/B press – Set a event mark on the DFDR tape
EVENT

Aircraft integrated data system (AIDS)

• Main function of to process condition monitoring for various A/C systems in order to make maintenance
easier such as
To perform
• A/C engine condition
• APU condition
• A/C performance monitoring
• A/C trouble shooting
• System consist of
• Data management unit (DMU) including Smart AIDS recorder (SAR) and optional Personal computer
Memory card international association (PCMCIA) interface
• Collects and process various parameters in order to prepare and store various reports
• Sends reports automatically to ACARS
• Generation of various reports according to defined conditions, stored in the non volatile solid state
memory of the DMU
• Recording of the parameters in the internal memory (SAR) and external recorder (DAR)
• SAR records parameters relating to particular flight events dedicated by the DMU
• Optional on ground equipment called ground support equipment (GSE)
• MCDU allows the crew to program the system and display the reports only one at a time
• Flight data interface unit (FDIU) sends parameters to DFDR and DMU
• Digital AIDS recorder (DAR)
• Can store data of the last 50 hrs. on a cassette or a disk
• Printer
• Prints reports for various flight phases, does automatically and also response to the crew pushing
AIDS printer P/B

97
 AIDS
P/B press – Causes immediate printing of a specific report, depending on the
PRINT flight phase. Crew then can use MCDU to select another report for
immediate printing

Basic operation
• Parameters delivered to the DMU can be called by
• Parameter label call-out
• Annabel to display parameters using ARINC 429 characteristics
• Parameters displayed in raw values and refreshed once per second
• Up to 16 parameters can be simultaneously monitored
• Parameter alpha call-out
• Annabel to display parameters by using alpha numeric code
• Parameters will be displayed in engineering values
• Report control
• 13 standard reports to A/C, Engine and APU
• Beside automatic trigger manually can be generated via MCDU, AIDS printer push button or ACARS

Following C.B’s can be reset in flight in any malfunction occurs in the relevant system

• CIDS
• DIR 1 and ESS
• DIR 1 and 2 / NORM
• DIR 1 and 2 / BAT
• FWC
• FWC 1 &2
• BSCU

• ELAC or SEC reset

• Do not reset more than one computer at the same time
• Reset of flight control computers is possible in flight, even if not requested by the ECAM, provided only
one reset is performed at a time
• For ELAC only, reset not recommended in case of uncommented maneuver in flight
• SFCC and EEC, EIU should not be pulled

98
 LANDING GEAR (CHAPTER – 32)
Gears
• Gear and doors electrically controlled and hydraulically operated (Green)

Red unlock Lt. – Gear not locked in selected position

UNLK Green triangle Lt. – Gear locked down

Landing Gear Control Lever

• If nose wheels not centered and Nose shock absorbers not extended L/G lever locked in down position
(Proximity detectors supply signal)

Red arrow Lt. – Not down locked when A/C in landing configeration.

UP – L/G retracts, while L/G doors open normal brake system brakes wheels
automatically
Down – L/G extends, Interlock mechanism prevents from accidentally retraction
while A/C on Gnd.(locks the lever down by shock absorber on the main
L/Gs compressed or nose wheel steering not centered. L/G hydraulic
system remains pressurized as long as the L/G extended.

DOWN

Gravity gear extension

When normal extension system fails, gear can be extend by

GRAVITY - Pull the handle and rotate 3 turns clock wise

GEAR
EXTN
GEAR
PULL
&
EXTN
TURN

• Rotation of the handle closes Cut –out valve and connect all hydraulic lines to return line then releases
door and L/G down

Red unlock Lt. ON – Gear not locked in selected position

UNLK Green triangle Lt. ON – Gear locked down

ECAM indication

• Doors stays open L/G lock down by spring force, Nose L/G lock down by aerodynamic force
• L/G lever must be set down to Sw. OFF UNLK Lts.(L/G system depressurized and nose gear doors stay
open, nose wheel steering lost)

UNLK
Red unlock Lt. OFF – Gear locked in selected position
Green triangle Lt. ON – Gear locked down
99
Sequence
Gears and doors are uplocked
• Safety valve open + Residual pressure supplied to door close line down stream of safety valve
• 0<Turn<1.5
• Cut out and vent valves open then connects hydraulic return lines to de pressurize the system
• 1.6<Turn<1.8
• Door up locks released
• 1.9<Turn<3
• Finally L/G up locks released and L/g extends by gravity

Gear and Doors extension and retraction cycle

• Electrically controlled by LGCIU 1 & 2
• During each gear up selection LGCIU switch over between them automatically or one LGCIU failure
• Gear and door up and down positions are detected by duplicate detectors
• Locks the L/G lever in down position if all shock absorbers not extended for safety
• Nose wheel automatically centered a cam when shock absorbers extended
• Safety valve
• Cuts L/G hydraulic supply in normal L/G extension / retraction
• Cut out valve
• Cuts L/G hydraulic supply in free fall extension
• LGCIU 1 provides indication to the Indicator panel, LGCIU 1 & 2 both provides ECAM indication

Normal retraction sequence

L/G down and locked A/C in flight
• L/G lever select up (LGCIU changes over to other)
• Door open
Red unlock Lt. ON (Gear not locked in selected position)
UNLK
Green triangle Lt. ON (Gear locked down)

• After doors fully open Gears retracted

UNLK Red unlock Lt. OFF- Gears locked at selected position (now up)
Green triangle Lt. OFF– Gears not locked down

• All the L/G locked up, Doors closes

• ECAM indication shows doors locked up
• Hydraulic supply to L/G circuit automatically cut off by safety valve when speed > 260 kts (ADR 1 or 3)

Normal Extension
All gears retracted and up locked, all doors closed and up locked, safety valve not open
• Select L/G lever down
• Safety valve open LGCIU in command controls retraction sequence
Red unlock Lt. ON – Gear not locked in selected position
UNLK Green triangle Lt. OFF – Gears not locked down

• L/G Doors open – ECAM indication

• When all hydraulically operated door open L/G extends

UNLK Red unlock Lt. OFF – Gear locked in selected position

Green triangle Lt. ON – Gear locked down

100
• When all L/G locked down, Doors closed

UNLK Red unlock Lt. OFF – Gear locked in selected position

Green triangle Lt. ON – Gear locked down

ECAM indication Doors closed + L/G down and locked

Landing gear system indications

L/G System indicating Panel ECAM Indication (LGCIU 1 & 2)

(LGCIU 1)

UNLK UNLK

UNLK
Locked Down

One LGCIU detects L/G in transit

Other LGCIU detects L/G down
lock
One LGCIU detects L/G up lock
Other detects down lock
Both L/G in transit

One LGCIU detects L/G up lock

Other detects in transit

Both detect L/G up lock No symbol No symbol

Up lock engaged while gear lock UP LOCK
down

Disagreement between lever and

L/G L/G CTL

• Nose L/G flight mode information comes only after gear extend and wheels are centered
• Door by pass valve operates only on ground manual door opening purpose

Safety valve
• ON/OFF valve,
• Opens
• ADIRU 1 & 3 speed < 260 kts OR
• Main landing gear compressed OR
• Ground power connected
Cut Out valve
• Operates with manual gear extension handle (mechanical valve)
L/G selector valve
• Consist of
• L/G selector valve
• L/G door selector valve
• Each valve has a solenoid and each solenoid got two coils, one for each L/G control sub system

101
Proximity detectors

Landing Gear (System 1 & 2) Doors (System 1 & 2)

Nose L/H R/H Nose L/H R/H
Up lock 2 2 2 2 2 2
Down Lock 2 2 2 4 2 2
Air/Gnd 2 2 2 - - -

Brake system
• Four modes of operation
• Normal braking
• Alternate braking with anti skid
• Alternate braking without anti skid
• Parking brake

Brakes
• Carbon multi disc brakes installed in main gear wheels
• During take-off nose wheels are automatically centered by two centering cams

Brake Fan
• Used in the main wheels

BRK FAN

HOT
Press IN – Fans start if L/H main L/G down and locked
ON
HOT Lt. ON – When brake OVHT detected

Normal Braking
• System available when
• Green Hydraulic pressure is present
• A/SKID & N/W STRG switch is ON
• Parking brake not ON
• Anti skid and auto brake systems available
• System controls through BSCU and no brake pressure indication in the flight deck
• Electrical control
• Via pedals Manual braking –
• Peddle order sent via electrical signal from Transmitter to BSCU, then opens selector valve to
provide pressure to normal servo valves via Automatic selector valve
• Depending manual braking order and Anti-skid order BSCU regulates Normal servo valve
• Automatically
• In flight when L/G lever set to UP
• In order to stop wheel rotation before enter to L/G bay applies brakes from lift off until L/H
down lock release or 3 sec. after L/G lever select up
• When L/G lever select up BSCU open selector valve and energize normal servo valve
• Nose wheels mechanically brakes at the end of the travel
• On Gnd. by Auto brakes system
• Purpose
• To reduce the braking distance in case of aborted T/O
• To establish and maintain a selected deceleration rate during landing
• Braking starts when Gnd. spoilers deployment orders present from SEC. BSCU opens
Selector valve and allow Hydraulic pressure to supply to brakes through Automatic selector
and Normal servo valves
• Depending upon deceleration signal and Anti-skid regulation BSCU regulates Normal servo
valve to obtain correct pressure on brakes

102
 • System arms when crew presses LO, MED or MAX P/B if
• Green pressure is available
• Anti – skid system has electric power
• No failure in the braking system
• At least one ADIRU is functioning
• System activates
• When Gnd. spoiler extend
• At least two SECs must be operative

LO (MED, MAX)
In flight – Select before landing LO or MED
DECEL On Gnd. before T/O, HI select for aborted T/O
ON Lt. – System Armed
ON
DECEL LT. – Selected deceleration achieved (actual deceleration is 80% of the
selected rate)

• MAX mode
• Normally selected to T/O
• Maximum brake pressure applies as soon as the system generate ground spoiler order
• MED mode
• Normally selected during landing
• Applies progressive pressure 2 sec after ground spoiler deployment
• LO mode
• Normally selected during landing
• Applies progressive pressure 4 sec after ground spoiler deployment

Alternate brake with anti-skid

• System operates when
• Yellow hydraulic system pressure available
• A/SKID & N/W STRG switch is ON
• Parking brake not ON
• This mode automatically operates when Green pressure loss or failure in normal brake system during
operation or BSCU Bite test
• Uses yellow hydraulic system backed by accumulator
• Automatic selector selects green to yellow pressure automatically
• Electrical pedal orders convert to hydraulic pressure by Auxiliary low-pressure control system to Dual valve
and regulate braking pressure.
• BSCU ensure anti-skid regulation through Alternate servo valves
• Triple indicator in the center instrument panel indicates pressure delivered to the left and right brakes as
well as accumulator pressure
• Auto brake inoperative

Alternate brake without anti-skid

• Deference between with anti-skid is no regulation from alternate servo valve, valve keeps fully open
• Anti skid regulation can be disconnected
• Electrically A/Skid & N/W Steering Sw. set to OFF or power supply failure
• Hydraulically if Yellow breaks pressure accumulator only supplies the brakes
• Brake pressure has to be limited by peddles (acting on the dual valves)
• With accumulator pressure only maximum of 7 full brakes can be performed
• Auto brake inoperative

103
Parking Brake
When handle pull and turn yellow pressure applied to the brakes

PARKING BRK
PULL & TURN OFF

ON

PARK BRK

• Supplied by Yellow hydraulic pressure or Accumulator pressure

• When activated all other brake modes and anti skid system inoperative
• Accumulator pressure can maintain up to 12 hrs.
• Parking brake lever set to ON
• BSCU electrically energize Parking brake control valve and BSCU deactivates other brake systems
• Yellow pressure reaches normally open Alternate servo valves through Dual SOV
• Pressure delivered to L/H and R/H brakes will be indicated on Yellow pressure indicator
• When Parking brake OFF control valve energize in opposite way and other brakes restore
• Yellow accumulator can be pressurized by Yellow electrical pump
• Alternate servo valves opens to allow to apply full brakes

Anti-skid system
• When wheel is on the verge of locking, system sends brake release orders to the normal and alternate
servo valves
• Anti-skid deactivates when ground speed < 20 Kts
• System can be On or OFF by anti – skid & nose wheel steering switch
• Reference speed for the system received by ADIRUs or if all ADIRUs fail reference speed equals to grater
of either main L/G wheel speed and deceleration limited to 1.7 meters/sec

Break pressure indicator

• Indicates pressure in the yellow brake accumulators

• Indicates yellow pressure delivered to left and right brakes as measured up stream of the alternate servo
valve

Nose wheel steering

• Electrically controlled by BSCU and hydraulically operated (Green)
• Range +/- 74° bellow 22 kts if orders from hand wheels and +/- 6° bellow 40 Kts if orders from pedals
• Receives hydraulic pressure if
• A/SKID & N/W STRG switch is ON and
• Towing control lever in normal position and
• At least one engine running and
• A/c on Gnd.
• Nose L/G door closed
• Push button on the wheel can prevent rudder pedal orders to go to BSCU

104
Anti skid & nose wheel steering switch

A/ SKID &
N/W STRG

ON ON – If green pressure available

- Anti skid available
- N/W steering available
OFF If Green pressure lost
- Yellow hydraulic pressure takes over automatically to power breaks
- Anti skid remains available
- N/W steering lost

OFF – DC supply of the braking and steering control unit (BSCU) isolated
- Yellow system powers the breaks
- Anti skid deactivated
- N/W steering lost
- Deferential breaks remain available through pedals
• Switch selection will activate or deactivate nose wheel steering and anti skid

BSCU
• Receives orders from
• Captain’s and FO’s steering hand wheels (orders added algebraically)
• Rudder pedals
• Autopilot
• BSCU transform these orders into nose wheel steering angle
st
• BSCU consist of system 1 & 2, at each energization system power 1 will take control

105
 LIGHTS (CHAPTER – 33)
Cabin lights
• Controlled by FAP light control panel, part of CIDS
• MAIN ON P/B pressed
• Cabin and entry area Lts. Come to full brightness
• WDO, CLG, Entry BRT and cabin BRT integral Lts. illuminated
• MAIN OFF P/B pressed all above-mentioned Lts. and Lav. And ATT Lts. will switch OFF
• Entry area lighting
• Controls Fwd and At entrance Lts.
• When engines running flight deck door opens Fwd left entry area Lts. automatically goes to Dim 2
position (10% brightness)
• If MAIN OFF selected before, entry area can directly Sw. ON by pressing BRT.DIM 1 & 2 P/B Sws.
• Lavatory P/B
• At power up or Main P/B pressed lavatory. Lts does not light
• Lav Lt. P/B pressed lavatory lights comes ON for 50%, if door close lights goes to 100% brightness
• Attendant work Lights
• ATTN P/B pressed individual attendant Lts. can be control by its own Sw.
• Reading lights
• Controlled by READ P/B select On and associated PSU P/B
• Cabin Lts., Reading Lts., Entry Lts., Attendant work Lts are Controlled by CIDS directors through DEU”A”,
brightness will be controlled by DEUs
• PTP can test Reading Lts., Attendant work Lts., Decoration Lts., reading Lts. power units (drives Qty 3
reading Lts.)

Service compartment light system

• Avionics compartment Lts. automatically Sw. ON when access door open provided flight deck “AVIONICS
COMP LT” Sw. select to auto, If Sw. select to ON all dome Lts. will illuminates

AVIONICS
COMPT LT
A Auto - Avionics compartment lights automatically controls by door Sw.
ON U ON – Avionics compartment lights ON
T
O

External Lights
• Taxi and Take off Lts. located on the NLG in a fixed position

NOSE
T.O – Taxi and T.O Lts. ON
T.O
Taxi – Taxi Lt. ON
TAXI
OFF – All Lts. OFF
OFF
Taxi and T.O Lts. automatically go OFF when the nose L/G retracted

• Runway turn OFF lights

• Located in the NLG
• Sw. select ON – Both lts. illuminates
• Wing and Engine scan Lts
• Located either side of the fueslarge
• Navigation Lts.
• Red Lt. located in the L/H side wing tip, consist of two Lts. illuminates one at a time
• Green Lt. – Located I the R/H side wing tip, consist of two Lts. illuminates one at a time
• White Lt. – Located on the APU tail cone, consist of two Lts. illuminates one at a time
• All Lts. controlled by 3 position NAV Lt. Sw.

106
Landing Lights.

LAND
ON – Landing Lts. ON
ON
Retract – Lt. OFF and stored
OFF
OFF – Lt. OFF but not retracted
RETRACT

• RED anti-coalition beacon Lts

• One on the top and the other at the belly of the A/C

• Strobe Lts
• Located at the each wing tip
STROBE
ON ON – Lt. illuminates
A OFF – Lt. OFF
U
T Auto – Lt. automatically lights when L/G shock absorbers extended
O
OFF

• Logo Lts.
• Located on the THS
• Controlled by Nav & Logo Sw.

Emergency Lights.
• Provide illumination of
• Cabin and exit areas
• Exit location and exit marking signs at each passenger / crew doors and emergency exit doors
• Controlled by No smoking Sw. in the flight deck
• Floor proximity emergency escape path marking system (FPEEPMS)
• Lavatory auxiliary lights
• Powered by 28 VDC essential bus only
• Emergency escape hatch handles
• Controlled by No smoking Sw. in the flight deck
• Escape routes over the wing
• Door escape slides
• Lts. illuminated when slides armed and doors open

System control
• From flight deck

EMER EXIT LT
ON ON – OVHD emergency Lts. EXIT Lt. and proximity marking illuminates

ARM OFF – Emergency Lts. OFF, Exit and emer. escape handle Lts ON provided
No smoking Lt. Sw. set to ON or AUTO with L/G extended
ARM – Proximity emergency escape path marking system comes ON when
OFF - normal A/C power or DC ESS SHED bus is lost
Over head emergency Lts. comes ON if
- Normal A/C power lost
- DC ESS SHED bus fails
- AC BUS 1 fails
Exit signs come ON
- Normal A/C power lost
- DC ESS SHED bus fails
107
 OFF
OFF Lt. ON – System Sw. selects OFF from the flight deck

• From cabin (Located on the FAP)

Sw. pressed ON – Emergency lights illuminated as flight deck EMER EXIT LT

LIGHT Sw set to ON
EMER

NO SMOKING
ON ON / OFF – Activation and deactivation of No smoking, seat row number
A and Exit signs and emergency escape handle Lts. ON
U - Low chime activates when Sw. ON/OFF
T Auto – L/G down and locked signs Sw. ON + Emergency Lts. and
O emergency escape handle Lts. ON
OFF

• Associated emergency Lts. will be powered by

• 28 VDC Essential bus via the Emergency power supply units (EPSU)s
• EPSU integrated batteries when 28 VDC essential bus is lost
• EPSU
• Qty 4 located in the cabin, two in the ceiling (above L 1 and L 2 doors) and two between emergency
doors (one on each side)
• When batteries power the system, can supply for minimum 12 min.
Operation
• 28 VDC Essential bus supply the operation power and 115 VAC supply the sensing power
• EPSU monitors the correct voltage of the AC and DC bus bars
• EPSU converts 28VDC into 6VDC to illuminates emergency Lts. and charge internal 6VDC batteries from
essential bus bar
• If 28VDC essential bus bar voltage fails below 16VDC, EPSU internal batteries power the system at least
12 min., batteries will not charge
• In the event of cabin depressurization exit marking signs and exit location signs automatically comes ON
• Independently Sw. position integral Lt. off the respective crew doors comes ON when PAX crew doors
open with escape slides armed

Test
• EPSU test circuits checks
• Condition of the battery units, logic units and related loads
• Test can be performed
• First from the PTP, if BAT OK and SYS OK lights do not come ON to be checked from individual
EPSU P/Bs
• Battery capacity test
• Emergency Lt. Sw. to be set to armed position
• Select PTP system test and Emer light battery message
• Enter pass code to get access then ENTER
• Press BAT membrane SW. on the PTP panel face to activate test, Green integral Lt. comes ON
• Test will take approximately 2 hrs.
• If test pass BAT OK light comes ON next to BAT tast Sw.
• Any failure on the system, failure message will appear on the PTP and BAT OK light will not come
ON. Then all EPSU individual test to be carried out

108
• Emergency light system test
• Indicates condition of the internal loads, monitoring circuits and related external loads of the
EPSUs
• Press SYS membrane SW. for 1 sec. on the PTP panel face to activate test
• If PTP not involved to any other function system test report will be shown on the display and if
failed failure message will be written on the CIDS director GND SCAN memory.
• If test pass SYS OK light comes On and light go off after few seconds

109
 NAVIGATION SYSTEMS (CHAPTER – 34)
Aircraft navigation systems provides to the crew the data required to flight for with in most appropriate safety
requirement
These data divided in to 4 groups
• Airdata / Inertial reference system
• Landing and taxi aids
• Independent position determining
• Dependent position determining

Radio Navigation control

Automatic tuning
• FMGC controls tuning of VOR, DME, ILS and ADF through RMP (RMP is transparent, system operates
even RMPs Sw. OFF)
• In normal operation FMGC 1 controls each system receivers 1 and FMGC 2 controls receivers 2
• Abnormal operation, failure of FMGC 1or 2, remaining FMGC controls all receivers

USING MCDU
• MCDU display on RAD/NAV page information coming from FMGC are indicated in small fonts
• Manually entered data indicated in big fonts
• Manual tuning
• Permits to crew to select through MCDU required frequencies to display on EFIS
• To returned to auto tuning mode the manual tuning has to be cleared
(Write “CLR” on scratch pad by pressing CLR P/B then press line key next to the line to be cleared)

Back up tuning
• RMPs provides back up to radio navigation tuning, if both FMGC failed or Emergency generator powered
• ILS course and frequency are the only data exchanged. Selected values on RMP 1 or RMP 2 are same for
ILS 1 & 2
Tuning using RMP
• Select NAV Sw. (Green Lt. ON)
• Select required P/B to be tuned (VOR,ILS …)
• Tune required frequency on the STBY/CRS window and press transfer Sw.
• Select required course on same window
• Press transfer key to prepare window for another setting

RMP
• STBY operation is used for navigation in case of dual FMGC failure provided NAV P/B pressed IN

ACTIVE STBY/ CRS

VHF1 VHF2 VHF3

HF 1 HF 2 AM

STBY NAV ON
NAV VOR ILS MLS ADF BFO

OFF

• ON /OFF Sw. – Controls RMP power supply

• NAV Sw pressed - Only performed after dual FMGC failed, use as a back up (RAD/NAV selection)
- If no any other STBY NAV Sw. pressed, displays shows communication frequencies
- On MCDU RAD/NAV page inhibited

110
• SEL Lt. – Illuminates when other RMU select own side selection (VHF 1 selected by RMP 1 or 3)
• VOR, ILS, ADF press (one at a time) – Changes display to last RMP memorized values (Freq. Course or
Runway heading)
- Any time communication freq. Still selectable by pressing
corresponding key
• BFO – Can be set by pressing the key to listen Morse code of station identification
• STBY / CRS window – If course displayed, associated frequency will be displayed in the active
window
- If cause displayed in STBY/CRS window, by pressing transfer key active
frequency will display in both windows (to provide next frequency selection)
• Active window – Shows the frequency in the system identified by the Green LED in selected key
MCDU
• Allows to display the radio navigation frequencies (automatically or manually) on specific page called
RAD / NAV
• Align IRS from page INIT via FMGC
• Initiates test for all navigation systems and T/S via CFDS
ACP
• Enable to control all radio reception signals
• DME identification signal can be selected by using knob of collocated VOR or ILS
Standby Instruments
• Standby compass
• Located in windshield center post, in normal configuration stowed and correction card glued to side of
the compass assembly
• Standby Horizon
• Flag in view
• Electrical failure
• Gyro speed drops below 18000 rpm
• Fast resetting can be done by pulling caging knob
• Standby Altimeter
• Qty 4 bug to set reference altitude setting
• Internal vibrator only operative in flight
• Baro correction displayed in hecto pascals
• Standby Airspeed indicator
• Qty. 4 manually adjusted bugs to set reference speed
• DDRMI
• Combine VOR/DME RMI
• L/H display – DME 1
• R/H display – DME 2
• Single pointer – VOR 1 bearing
• Double pointer – VOR 2 bearing
• DME display goes to blank if failure detected and dashes with NCD(out of range station)
• Heading failure will be indicated by Red HDG flag (comes from ADIRU 1or 3 if ADIRU 1 fails)
• VOR failure will be indicated by Red VOR flag and corresponding pointer goes to 3 O’clock position
• VOR NCD will be indicated by corresponding pointer goes to 3 O’clock position but no flag
• Receiving information from ADIRU 1 & 3

Air data Reference and Inertial Reference Systems (ADIRS)

• Consist of Qty. 3 ADIRUs and own set of probes and sensors + common CDU
• Airdata and Inertial reference both located in one unit called ADIRU
• Air date reference system
• Each ADR receives other 2 ADR inputs to cross check
• Mainly computes Speed and attitude information from air parameters
• AOA sensors 1,2 & 3 connected to ADR 1,2 & 3
• TAT 1 connected to ADR 1 & 3 and TAT 2 connected to ADR 2, each sensor consist of two sensing
nd
elements. On TAT 2, 2 sensor does not used
• Provides barometric altitude to ATC for mode “S”
• Data for FAC for various characteristic speeds
• Data for WXR for antenna stabilization

111
• Inertial reference system
• Mainly computes Heading, Attitude and Position from Laser gyros and Accelerometers
• Normally each IR receives 3 ADR inputs, but own ADR input used to IR data computations
• Provides true heading when
• Above 82° north
• Above 73° north between 90° and 120° west (magnetic polar heading)
• Above 60° south
• ADIRU switching control
• Each IR unit consist of two discrete inputs called Auto and Manual
• On IR 1 and 2 Auto inputs are permanently grounded, On IR 3 both inputs connected to “ATT HDG”
and “AIR DATA” transfer Sws. for selection.
• IRs selects inputs from other ADRs as per ground provided on auto or manual inputs as per switching
selection

ADR bus selected by IR

Auto Manual according to its pin
programming
Ground Ground or Open First from int ernal bus,
then Bus “A”(if int. bus fails)
then Bus “B” (if bus “A” fails)
Open Open Bus “A”
Open Ground Bus “B”

• Air data module (ADM)

• Total Qty 8
• Captain’s side
• Qty 1 for Pitot and 2 for Static
• FO’S side
• Qty 1 for Pitot and 2 for Static
• STBY
• Qty 1 each for Pitot and Static
• Receives one pressure and several discrete signals
• Discrete inputs determines ADM location and type of air data to provide to the ADR
• Out put is digital ARINC bus

ADIRU display unit

• Can be used as a back up for ADIRU alignment
• Checks ADR operation

ADR
Push button press – OFF LT. ON
FAULT
- Related ADR out put buses will be disconnected
Fault Lt. ON – ADR failure
OFF

NAV NAV – Normal mode of operation provided full inertial data in the system
OFF ATT ATT – System still energized but IR dow n graded
- Magnetic HDG to be entered keyboard and update frequently
- Back up mode of operation if NAV mode lose provides only attitude
and Heading information

IR

112
 IR Fault Lt. ON – IR fault
FAULT Steady Lt. – Respective IR lost
Flashing – Attitude and heading information can be recovered by
ALIGN selecting to ATT
Align Lt. ON – During alignment phase
- Lt. flashing
- Alignment error
- P. Pos not entered with in 10 min of NAV selection
- Difference in 1° P.Pos at last shut down and entered
position
ON BAT Lt. ON – when 1 or more IRU operating on batteries
- Comes On for 5 sec during power up test
- Comes ON for few second at the beginning of the alignment, not
for a fast realignment
Data selector
• Test – Tests Lt. in the panel
• TK/GS – Displays true track and ground speed
• PPOS – Present latitude and longitude displayed
• WIND – True wind direction and wind speed displayed
• HDG. – True heading and TTN – time to Nav. Gives remaining time to complete alignment
• STS – System and maintenance messages displayed (maintenance and action codes)

• DMC 1 receives data from ADIRU 1 & 3

• DMC 2 receives data from ADIRU 2 & 3
• DMC 3 receives data from all 3 ADIRUs
• ADIRU 1 for Capt’s instruments and ADIRU 2 for FO’s and ADIRU 3 for STBY
• ADIRU 2 send TAT and SAT to ECAM system page, If ADR 2 fails ADR 3 provides as a backup after
manual selection

Manual Switching
• Mainly for recover displays
Automatic Switching
• If one ADR 1 or 2 fails ADR 3 automatically transfer to ADR 1 or 2 for internal computations only. Not for
display purpose
Control panel operation
• When select NAV Sw. wait until “ON BAT” Lt. disappear after each selection
• If ADIRU comes from shop need to enter P. Position two times as ADIRU compares last P. Position and
last position
AUIRU power supply

Normal Bus Emergency Bus

AC DC AC ESS DC ESS HOT

ADIRU 1 a a
115 VAC + 26 28 VDC
VAC
a
ADIRU 2 a (Only for 5 min
AC bus 2 - 115 VAC during emergency
& 26 VAC configuration )
a
• Back supply
when ATT/HDG
Sw. at Capt’s
position
ADIRU 3 a • Back supply
AC bus 1 - 115 VAC only for 5 min
& 26 VAC ATT/HDG Sw.
at normal
position

113
ADIRU indications
• Local warnings on PFD and ND will be created by DMCs (eg. Flags…..)
• ECAM ADIRU warnings and cautions monitored by FWC
PFD indication
Attitude
• Pitch
• Shows pitch angle on a scale
• Pitch angle more than 25° or -13°, guidance symbol and FMA will removed
• Roll
• Comprises roll graduations 0° to 67°, roll angle > 45° guidance symbol and FMA will removed
• Roll index
• Moves with roll scale and provides roll angle
• Flight path vector
• Indicates actual A/C inertial trajectory
• Used as a reference when FD is engaged in Track / flight path (TRK/FPA) angle mode
• FPV – Created by IRs and FPD – created by FMGCs
• Discrepancy
• Discrepancy detected between captain’s and FO’s Amber “CHEK ATT” will be displayed on both ATT
displays (Threshold - 5°)
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use with in the FWC
• Failure
• Will be displayed by Red “ATT” flag
• Flag flashes then steady
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use

Heading
• Magnetic heading will be displayed on lower part of PFD (Scale 5° between graduations)and white line on
horizon (Scale 10° between graduations)
• Lower scale yellow line shows fixed heading reference
• Green diamond shape symbol indicated actual track
• TRU will indicates when true heading indicates instead of magnetic heading (Used Lat. > 73° north and
60° south)
Discrepancy
• Discrepancy detected between captain’s and FO’s Amber “CHEK HDG” will be displayed on both
HDG displays (Threshold - 5°)
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use with in the FWC
• Failure
• Will be displayed by Red “HDG” flag and all graduations will be diapered on the scales
• Flag flashes then steady
• Detection by associated ADIRU

Airspeed
• Displayed on L/H side of the PFD (Computed Air speed)
• Display starts from 30 Kts, bellow 30 Kts set to NCD, Range 30 to 520 Kts
• Yellow fixed reference line shows actual airspeed on the scale
• Mach number displayed speed > 0.5 M and no ILS selection, disappeared at o.45 M
Failures
• Will be replaced by Red “SPD” flag, if Mach number failure number will be replaced by RED “MACH” flag

Vertical speed
• Displayed on the R/H side of the PFD, graduation Feet per min.
• Green pointer shows VS in analogue form
• Above threshold numerical valve in hundred of feet comes in to view
• Displayed
• V/S > 200 Ft/MN or V/S < -200 Ft/MN
• Excessive speed causes both indications amber
• Inertial V/S not avail Baro V/S will indicate
• Amber box surrounds the numerical value 7

114
Failures
• Red “V/S” flag appears if total indication failure

Altitude
• Displayed on the R/H side of the PFD
• A/C altitude indicated on window counter hundred of feet and drum tens and units
• Baro reference STD,QNH or QFE according to the selection on the panel
• Knob
• Pull – STD selection
• Push once – QNH
• Puss twice - QFE
Discrepancies
• Discrepancy detected between captain’s and FO’s Amber “CHEK ALT” will be displayed on both ALT
displays (Threshold - 250 ft if baro selection QNH or QFE, 500 ft if STD selected)
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use with in the FWC
• Failure
• Will be displayed by Red “ALT” flag
• Flag flashes then steady
• Detection by associated ADIRU

N/D indications
ROSE Mode
• Displayed 360° around fixed A/C symbol
• Speed indication shows on the left upper corner
• GS – Ground Speed – Computed by IR
• TAS – True Air Speed, computed by ADR, both goes to dashes if NCD,
- Displayed only if speed > 100 Kts
• Wind shows in Green L/H upper corner
• Origin in degrees with respect to the true north
• Wind force in Kts displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Arrow shows direction with respect to the A/C heading, displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Shows dashes if NCD
Heading
• Fixed lubber line with rotating compass rose
• If indication is True heading TRU shows
Discrepancies
• Discrepancy detected between captain’s and FO’s Amber “CHEK HDG” will be displayed (Threshold
- 5°)
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use with in the FWC
• Failure
• Will be displayed by Red “HDG” flag
• Flag flashes then steady
• Detection compared by 2 IRs

ARC Mode ( Rose Nav mode indication same as Arc mode except it displays 360° full range )
• Display 90° sector ahead of the A/C
• Information comes from FMGC
• WXR indication possible
• Speed indication shows on the left upper corner
• GS – Ground Speed – Computed by IR
• TAS – True Air Speed, computed by ADR, both goes to dashes if NCD,
- Displayed only if speed > 100 Kts
• Wind shows in Green L/H upper corner
• Origin in degrees with respect to the true north
• Wind force in Kts displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Arrow shows direction with respect to the A/C heading, displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Shows dashes if NCD

115
Heading
• Fixed lubber line with 90° arc
• If indication is True heading TRU shows
Discrepancies
• Discrepancy detected between captain’s and FO’s Amber “CHEK HDG” will be displayed
(Threshold - 5°)
• Detection compared by 2 IRs in use with in the FWC
• Failure
• Will be displayed by Red “HDG” flag
• Flag flashes then steady
• Detection compared by 2 IRs

PLAN Mode
• Information comes from FMGC
• Displayed active and other way points as per the flight plan after action on the MCDU
• WXR display not possible
• Reference to the True heading
• Speed indication shows on the left upper corner
• GS – Ground Speed – Computed by IR
• TAS – True Air Speed, computed by ADR, both goes to dashes if NCD,
- Displayed only if speed > 100 Kts
• Wind shows in Green L/H upper corner
• Origin in degrees with respect to the true north
• Wind force in Kts displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Arrow shows direction with respect to the A/C heading, displayed if speed > 2 Kts
• Shows dashes if NCD
Warning Messages
• Although ADIRU ECAM warning messages are Amber, Directly comes from FWC
• ADR 3 or IR 3 failed during active fault Lt. will be shown, but if failure happens during emergency
configuration ADR 3 or IR 3 fault warning will be inhibited
• Over speed ( M/W + CRC)
• VMO/MMO – Clean configuration, speed > VMO + 4Kts / MMO + 0.06
• VLE – Speed > VLE + 4Kts with L/G not up locked or L/G not closed
• VFE – Speed > VFE + 4Kts with slats and / or Flaps extended
• Stall (M/W + CRICKET+ synthetic voice)
• AOA test only on Gnd., During test all aural warnings will be available

Landing and Taxing aids

• Head up displays
• Piloting aids system for rollout, take off and landing
ILS
• Used to obtain optimum A/C position during approach and landing
• Allow A/C to follow the optimum descend
• LOC and G/S beams created by Gnd. station at known frequencies
• Components are Qty 2
• Antennas – Qty. 1 LOC and G/S common for both receivers
• Receivers – Can be tested by P/B on the face and LED for indications
• System connected to
• PFD and ND for display
• EFIS for display control
• FMGC for auto tuning
• MCDU for manual tuning
• RMP for back up tuning
• ACP for ILS audio signal
Indicating
• ILS display indicated in Magenta
• ILS 1 information will displayed on PFD 1 and ND 2 (For monitoring and comparing)

116
• ILS 2 information will displayed on PFD 2 and ND 1 (For monitoring and comparing)
On PFDs
• As soon as EFIS PFD control panel ILS P/B pressed IN
• Displays a the bottom L/H corner
• Station ident –
• LOC and G/S valid
• ILS ident valid
• Frequency valid
• LOC and G/S valid
• DME distance
• When ILS/DME available
• ILS indication flashes when ILS display not selected in approach mode
• If excessive deviation, ILS scale and vertical/lateral index will flash
• Flags
• Red “ILS” flag will indicated if both G/S and LOC both signals failed at the L/H bottom corner +
Red “LOC” & “G/S” flags

On NDs
• As soon as the EFIS control panel mode Sw. selected to ILS
• All the ILS indications displayed on Rose ILS mode
• If ILS P/B selected and Mode Sw. selects NAV or ARC on EFIS control panel, ILS course pointer will
be indicated on NAV and ARC modes
• On Rose ILS mode
• Top R/H corner
• Selected ILS
• ILS frequency
• ILS course
• Station identification
• If excessive deviation, ILS scale and vertical/lateral index will flash or
• Course pointer indicated when ILS course selected by
• FMGC (automatically or manually)
• RMP (backup)
• LOC deviation bar not shown if NCD
• Flags
• Red “ILS” flag will indicated if both G/S and LOC both signals failed
• If ILS failure course pointer be comes Red + points to 12 O’clock and lateral bar will remove

Auto tuning
• FMGS automatically tunes own side ILS receiver through own side RMP (RMP transparent)
• If one FMGC failed discrete switching signal switches tuning port to connect other FMGC directly to ILS
receiver bypassing RMP
Manual tuning
• MCDUs can tune own side ILS receivers through own side FMGCs
• To return to auto tune mode manual mode to be cleared
Backup tuning
• If both FMGCs failed backup tuning can be performed by RMPs
• Either RMP tunes both ILS if NAV mode selected on RMP 1 and 2
• RMP 3 not connected to the navaids tuning
• During emergency electrical configuration only RMP 1 is supplied
LGCIU
• sends FLT/GND information to count flight legs
ILS data sends to
• FMGCs to A.C guidance during T/O, Approach and landings
• Sends to FWC for ECAM warnings
• ILS 1 send to GPWS for mode 5 computation (descend bellow G/S)
• Discrete signal sends to FMGCs to inhibit frequency changes in ILS receiver when land mode < 700 ft
• CFDIU to T/S and testing only on Gnd.

117
Multi Mode Receiver System
• Combination of ILS and GPS
• Components used
• Qty. 2 ILS antennas
• Qty. 2 GPS antennas
• Qty 2 MMR units
• System connected to
• PFD and ND for display
• EFIS for display control
• FMGC for ILS auto tuning and GPS position
• MCDU for ILS manual tuning
• RMPs for ILS backup tuning
• ACP for ILS audio signal
• ADIRU for GPIR data
• GPS indicating
• Data indicating on MCDU (GPS monitor page)
• GPS position leg
• True track
• GPS altitude
• Figure of merit
• Ground speed
• Number of satellite tracks
• Mode
• NDs
• Availability of GPS primary navigation function

Auto tuning
• FMGS automatically tunes own side MMR receiver through own side RMP
• If FMGC failed discrete switching signal switch tuning port to connect other FMGC directly bypassing
RMP
Manual tuning
• MCDUs can tune own side MMR receivers through own side FMGCs

Backup tuning
• If both FMGCs failed backup tuning can be performed by RMPs
• Either RMP tunes both MMR if NAV mode selected on RMP 1 and 2
• RMP 3 not connected to the navaids tuning
• During emergency electrical configuration only RMP 1 is supplied

Antennas
• G/S and LOC antennas common to both receivers

GPS primary function

• Tracks the RF signals from satellite and computes its own position and output the GPS data to 3 ADIRUs
• GPS three dimensional A/C position, velocities and exact time used by hybrid computation by 3 ADIRUs
• If one GPS failure, ADIRU automatically selects operative GPS to hybrid GPIR data
• To reduce initialization time MMRs receive position data, time and date from own ADIRUs
• As long as GPS/IRS mode is active, radio updating DME/DME or VOR/DME is not allowed
• FMGCs to A.C guidance during T/O, Approach and landings
• Sends to FWC to ECAM warnings
• MMR 1 send to GPWS for mode 5 computation
• Discrete signal sends to FMGCs to inhibit frequency changes in MMR receiver when land mode < 700 ft
• CFDIU to T/S and testing only on Gnd.

118
Independent position detection system
• Detection with out taking any ground station information
• Weather radar – WXR indication shown on N/D
• Radio altimeters – Provides A/C height with out independent of atmospheric pressure
• TCAS – Detects A/C in vicinity immediately
• GPWS – Warns to crew about the A/C behavior

Weather Radar System

• Contains
• Antenna – Controls in azimuth and elevation by the transceiver, scans 180° in azimuth and +/- 15° in
Tilt, movement at 2 DC motors and angle detected by synchros
• Wave guide – Radio frequency signals exchange between transceiver and antenna
• Transceiver Unit – Operates in “X – band” frequencies and digitizers video signal for display on the
ND, test can be done on the face test Sw. and indicator Lts.
• Control Unit
• ON / OFF Sw. – System energized and operates provided selection in Rose or Arc mode
• Gain knob – Allows to set the gain as required. In auto selection optimum setting automatically
adjusted, If Sw. not in Auto, will be indicated on ND R/H lower area as “MAN” in
Green except during failure or Test
• Mode selector
• WX – Normal mode of operation, colours depends on the precipitation of intensity
• WX / TURB – Correspond to weather or turbulence detection. Turbulence detection limited to
40 NM from A/C. Turbulence areas are displayed in Magenta on ND (P > 5mm/s)
• MAP – Used in backup navigation to detect land and water boundaries. Manual gain control is
recommended
• Tilt Knob – Allows to change antenna elevation manually in 1/4° steps in the rage of –15° to +15°, tilt
information displayed in R/H lower corner of the ND except during any failure or Test mode
• ADIRU 1 & 3
• Provides antenna stabilization and Ground speed for Doppler mode correction
• LGCIU
• Provides flight/Gnd. signal to count flight legs

Indications
• Indicates on the Capt’s and FO’s NDs when ARC or Rose modes selected provided no faults on avionics
ventilation system (extract and blower fans OK)
• WXR transceiver sends video signals to ND via DMCs. Each data cable terminated at the end by low
inductance (68 Ω) to avoid signal return
• In Plan mode transceiver de- energized
• CFDIU allows system to be tested
• Test message will be in Amber “WXR TEST”

Failure Messages
• In RED – Image will be lost (Eg. WXR T/R, WXR ANT, WXR CLT, WXR RNG)
• In Amber – Image will not loose (Eg. WXR WEAK, WXR ATT, WXR STAB)

Precautions
• During refueling – Range > 100 meters arc
• Free from metallic obstacles range > 5 meters arc
• Free from any body with in range > 1.5 meters arc

Predictive Windshear System (PWS)

• PWS system
• Uses Doppler principle to detect windshear
• Windshear threshold will be detected by horizontal and vertical wind velocity, gravity and A/C true
speed
• Windshear happens due to sudden change of wind speed or direction over small distance down or
upward movement of air, when A/C is near to the Gnd. level during approach or T/O
• Displayed on cap’s and FO’s PFDs and NDs with WXR display
119
 • Receives data from ADIRU 1 & 3 for velocity calculations
• LGCIU signal to detect L/G extension for determine A/C landing or T/O mode
• Two type of qualifier actions required to activate windshear system
• Type “A”
• QA 1 and QA 2 – Provides by ATC/TCAS control unit indicates position of AUTO/ON/STBY
Sw.
• Type “B”
• QB 1 and QB 2 – Provided by EIU 1 & 2 engine oil pressure to identify engine running
condition
• Automatically activated RA < 2300 ft provided at least one of the each type qualifiers avail
• On WXR control unit, Sw. provided for windshear system Sw. Auto or OFF
• Radio altimeter provides altitude
• Discrete input to TCAS, GPWS or FWC to inhibit warning to give priority to windshear
• Stall warnings got higher priority than windshear
• Audio warnings go to loudspeakers via audio mixing box
• Enhance GPWS provide priorities for windshear warnings
• PWS warnings
• PWS cautions
• GPWS terrain warnings
• GPWS terrain cautions
Indications
• Events shows on capt’s and FO’s NDs and Alerts shows on both PFDs
• Indicates only on ND 10 NM range, at the time windshear generated, range is not in 10 NM, message
appear on ND to select correct rang (“W/S SET RNG 10 NM”). This warning can be Red or Amber
• Red or Amber depends on the PWS alert level
• Indicates only in Arc & Rose modes

Windshear AUTO/OFF Sw. on control panel

• AUTO – Windshear automatic operation enables even WXR ON/OFF Sw selects to OFF
• OFF – System OFF

Failures
• Amber “PRED W/S” , if fault detected,
• A/C on Gnd. or Flap / Slat lever not in 0 position
• Wiindshear Auto/Off Sw. on WXR control unit in Auto position

Alert levels
• 3 levels
• Level 3
• Between 50 and 1200 ft (Warning alert)
• Aural warning message “GO AROUND WINDSHEAR AHED” , during approach and
“WINDSHEAR AHEAD” during take off
• Visual warning Red “W/S AHEAD” on PFD
• Level 2
• Between 50 and 1200 ft (Caution alert)
• Aural warning message “MONITOR RADAR DISPLAY”
• Visual warning Amber “W/S AHEAD” on PFD
• Level 1
• No windshear advisory above 1500 ft.
• No aural or visual warning only the windshear icon superimposed on the radar image

Radio Altimeter System

• Determines the height of the A/C during initial climb, approach and landing phases
• Operating range of the antenna according to attitude is limited to +/- 30° in pitch and roll
• Components
• Transceivers Qty. 2 – Test P/B allow to carry out test for the system, located in the Aft cargo
• Antennas Qty. 4
• Transmission and Receiving, all antennas identical

120
Indications
• Displayed on both PFDs, altitude < = 2500 ft
• Altitude shows
• Numerical figure on the attitude sphere Gnd. Area
• Green
• If DH selected – RA > DH + 100 ft and RA < 2500 ft
• If not selected – RA > 400 ft and RA < 2500 ft
• Amber
• If selected – RA < = DH + 100 ft
• If not selected – RA < = 400 ft
• Up to 50 ft increments in 10 ft, from 50 to 5 ft increments in 5 ft and from 5 ft to touch down in 1 ft
increments
• Ground rising runway (Altitude < 300 ft)
• In the final phase of the approach altitude < 150 ft white lower limit of attitude sphere moves up to
reach the Gnd.
• Red ribbon next to altitude scale (Altitude < 570 ft)
• Represent the field elevation, when A/C on Gnd. top of the ribbon is on the middle of the altitude
window
• RA 1 and RA 2 provides indication to PFD 1 and PFD 2 via DMC1 and DMC 2 respectively
• If one transceiver fail DMC switches to other transceiver automatically
th
• DH will be inserted to the system via MCDU and displayed on PFD 4 column of the FMA.
Out puts
• For GPWC to create terrain warnings
• FMGC for processing data
• FWC for call out indications and warnings
• ELACs for integration into flight parameters

• EIU inhibits test on Gnd. with engine running (N2 > minimum idle)
• LGCIU sends flight/ ground logic to count the flight leg
• CFDIU for system test

Failures
• When Slat and Flap lever not in zero and both RA fails Red “RA” flag shows in place of the height
information
• With both RA fail (Independent of slat/flap lever position) Red ribbon indication goes out of view and White
lower line remains in its position

Automatic call out

• Bellow 400 ft RA altitude announced by synthetic voice generated by FWC

TCAS
• TCAS II indications for flight plan modifications only in vertical plane
• Detects only ATC equipped A/C

Proximity Other traffic Out of

Intruder RA TA traffic volume volume detection
volume

With out ATC No detection No detection No detection No detection

operative
TA only no TA only no TA only no TA only no
ATC mode “A” relative altitude relative altitude relative altitude relative altitude
RA, no
ATC mode “C” maneuver No detection
or mode “S” coordination TA with relative Traffic info with Traffic info with
RA with altitude intruder relative intruder relative
TCAS II maneuver altitude altitude
coordination
121
• TCAS system components
• Computer
• Functions
• Processing for operation control
• Transmission / reception for intruder accusation
• System test can be done by the face results will show in LEDs
• Antenna Qty 2
• Directional antennas, provides azimuth information A/C with in surveillance area
• Includes 4 passive and independent vertically – polarized elements
• Control panel
• Combination of TCAS and ATC, connected to the computer via ATC transponder
• Mode selector
• TA – Provides only traffic advisories no RA
• TA/RA – Normal operating mode, provides preventive and corrective advisories
• TFC – Provides all traffic indications of all A/C (8 maximum)
• Above/N/Bellow Sw. – Surveillance can be expand over TCAS equipped A/C
• Above – From -2700 ft to +9900 ft
• Normal – From -2700 ft to +2700 ft
• Bellow - From + 2700 ft to -9900 ft

• ATC transponder Mode “S” permits communication between TCAS and TCAS equipped and detected A/C
through the communication link function for exchanging coordination messages
• RA provides Radio altitude used as a reference determines computation sensitivity level and triggers
inhibit orders
• ADIRU 1 IR part provides magnetic heading and pitch and roll attitude for TCAS computer and ADR
provides baro altitude for ATC transponder
• CFDIU testing and T/S
• LGCIU for flight leg counting + L/G extend signal
• On Gnd. only TA mode operational
• Number of intruders can be displayed is 8
• Limited to A/C altitude to 48000 ft
• Synthesized voice generated by TCAS computer and sends to loudspeakers, voice level can not be
adjusted by the crew
• Inhibition signals receives to inhibit TCAS by Windshear, Stall and GPWS
Indications
• Display on
• PFD – VSI RA maneuver orders
• Red area – Forbidden vertical speed sector
• Green area – Fly to vertical speed sector
• ND – Intruder bearing, distance and mode of threat
• Range ring – Indicates 2.5NM range (only displayed range selected to 10, 20 or 40 NM)

• Indicates only intruder V/S exceed 500 ft /Mn

• Indicates RA , 100 ft bellow climbing

- 01

• Indicates TA , 100 ft bellow climbing

- 01

• Indicates Proximity traffic, 100 ft bellow climbing

- 01

• Indicates other traffic, 100 ft bellow climbing

- 01

122
• 10.3 NM + 21 Indicates if direction indication is not possible displayed on the lower part of the ND
can be indicate only two intruders (most threatening), most dangerous intruder will be
indicated on the left side in Red and other in Amber on the R/H side next to it
(Fault can be a antenna failure)
• “TCAS: CHANGE MODE” appears in Red or in Amber if threat detected by TCAS while ND selected to
Plan mode
• “TCAS : REDUCE RANGE” Appears in Red or in Amber if threat detected by TCAS while ND selected
to range above 40 NM in Arc or Rose mode

Failures
• Red “V/S” indicate vertical speed information failure
• Red “TCAS “ indicates TCAS failure, system can not deliver RA data
• Red “TCAS” and flashes 9 sec then steady on ND - TCAS internal failure

GPWS
• Components
• GPWS computer – Sw. on the face of the computer Status/ History select to
• Present status – Read out of system operational status on bite display
• Flight history – Readout of the system failures stored from the previous 10 flight on bite display
• Qty 2 Warning Lts.
• Control panel

• FWC sends inhibit signal to GPWC during stall and windshear warning triggered

Indications
• Visual warning

GPWS Lt. ON – When GPW system activates in mode 1 to 4

GPWS G/S Lt. ON – Glide slope advisory alert, mode 5
Sw. pressed IN – P/B sends Gnd. signal to trigger test sequence (avail on Gnd.
G/S
and in flight when 1000 ft < RA < 8000 ft)
- Cancels G/S visual and aural warnings when triggers
Control panel
SYS

FAULT Fault Lt. ON – GPWS fault

OFF – GPWS warnings inhibits
OFF

G/S MODE

OFF – G/S mode warnings inhibits

OFF

FALP MODE

OFF –Inhibits flap abnormal condition inputs (mode 4) and generate

OFF “GPWS FLAP MODE OFF” on ECAM memo page (E/W)
LDG FLAPS 3

LDG FLAP 3
ON – Selects landing flaps 3 position generates the Green “GPWS
FLAPS 3” message on the ECAM mono page (E/W)
ON

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EGPWS (Enhanced GPWS)
• Prevents control flights in to terrain
• Boundaries of the alerting envelop exceeds aural alert messages and visual annunciations and displays
are generates on the ND
• Terrain clearance floor (TCF)
• Increase the terrain clearance envelope around the airport runway to provide protection control flight in
to terrain.
• Terrain awareness alerting and display (TAD)
• Incorporation of terrain database to predict conflict between flight path and terrain and to display the
conflict terrain.
• System comprise of
• EGPWC
• Two warning lights
• Two “Terrain on ND” switches
• Control panel
• Indications
• Visual warnings on ND, in addition to the basic indications and warnings.
• Terrain data will be displayed on NDs aut omatically in place of WXR image when terrain caution or
warning is detected or any time by using the “TERR ON ND” P/B
• Terrain is not shown if > 2000 ft bellow the reference altitude and if the terrain elevation is with in the
400 ft of the runway elevation nearest the A/C.
• High density Red – Terrain > 2000 ft above A/C altitude
• High density Yellow – 1000 ft < terrain < 2000 ft above A/C altitude
• Medium density Yellow – Terrain that is 500 ft(250 ft gear down) below to 1000 ft below A/C altitude
• Medium density Green – Terrain that is 500 ft(250 ft gear down) below to 1000 ft below A/C altitude
• Light density Green – Terrain that is 1000 ft to 2000 ft below A/C altitude
• Black – No close terrain
• Light density magenta – Unknown terrain

• EGPWC receives inputs from navigation system to monitor A/C position respect to terrain, also receives
PWS alert from WXR system to determine priorities
• Stall, windshear and PWS has priority over EGPS
• EGPWS has priority over TCAS and change RA to TA
• By Emergency cancel P/B can cancel EGPWS aural warnings
• Outputs from EGPWC goes to CFDIU to maintenance purposes and to AIDS

TERR
FAULT
P/B press – Inhibits terrain awareness
Fault Lt. ON – Fault detected on the Terrain detection system
OFF

TERRAIN ON
ND
P/B press – Terrain data will be indicated on ND

ON

EGPWC
• Conceit of PMCIA card to upload or down load internal information (PMCIA card does not remain inside
during normal operation)

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Dependent position detection System
• Navigation through Gnd. station or satellites
• DME – Gives slant distance to Gnd. station, Frequency control automatically (from MCDU via
FMGC ) or manually (via RMPs)
• ATC – Gnd. operator to identify A/C with out communication with flight crew
• ADF – Radio compass system using providing azimuth of NDB with A/C center line
• VOR – Provides bearing of the Gnd. VOR station respect to magnetic north and A/C angular
deviation related to pre selected coarse, Frequency control automatically (from MCDU via FMGC)
or manually (via RMPs)
• GPS – Based on the measurement of the transmission time of signals broadcast by satellite

DME
• Provides digital slant distance from selected Gnd. station
• Components
• Qty 2 Interrogators – Test P/B on the face will test the system
• Qty 2 Antennas – Same antenna used to transmission and receptions
• Connected to
• PFD – Shown on lower L/H bottom
• ND – Shown on lower L/H bottom
• DDRMI – For indicating
• EFIS – for display control
• FMGC – For tuning
• RMP – Backup tuning
• ACP – for DME audio signal

• DME signal sends to FMGC to radio distance computations

• Suppressor signal sends to ATC to prevent simultaneous transmission and interrupt reception
• Audio signals sends to AMU to go to flight deck speakers
• Crew can adjust volume of DME identification tone by pressing ACP VOR P/B or ILS P/B if collocated
ILS/DME (for ILS, should be selected on the EFIS control panel)
• During normal operation FMGC tunes own side DME interrogator via own RMP at port “A”
• With failure of one FMGC other side FMGC tunes DME interrogator after signal from RMP to DME to
select port “B”
• Each MCDUs can manually tune both DMEs via FMGCs
• If FMGC both failed enable backup tuning by RMPs

Indications
• Display signals send to
• PFD
• If DME and ILS stations collocated, will be indicated at L/H lower in Magenta colour after ILS P/B
selection on the EFIS panel
• ND
• Mode selector selects to Rose or Arc and ADF/VOR select Sw on VOR, DME will be indicated at
the L/H lower corner in Green.
• Mode selector on Rose NAV or Arc mode can be able to indicate DME and VOR/DME stations
which are in the navigation data base after selection of VOR.D P/B on the EFIS control panel.
• DDRMI
• DME 1 and 2 will be indicated L/H and R/H side windows respectively

Failures
• Red “DME’ flag will displayed instead of distance on PFD L/H lower corner or ND L/H lower corner
• ND indication will be replaced by dashes if interrogator not receiving Gnd. signal (NCD)

125
ATC
• Transponders connected with TCAS system
• Components
• Qty. 2 Transponders – Test Sw. on the face allow to test the system
• Qty. 4 Antennas – Top and Bottom antennas provide better diversity coverage
• Control unit
• STBY – NO transmission and answer inhibited (electrically supplied but not operating)
• XPDR – Answers are transmitted on Gnd. and in flight by selected transponder
• Code from 0000 to 7777
• 7700 – Emergency configuration
• 7600 – Complete Radio failure
• Fail Lt. – Transponder failure
• Ident P/B – Additional identification pulse will be generated in Mode “A” and mode “C” codes
• 1/2 Sw. – Allow to select desired active transponder
• During normal operation one active and other inn STBY
• Operating modes
• Mode “A”
• Mode ”C”
• Mode “S”
• Main function is surveillance
• Suppressor signal sends to ATC to prevent simultaneous transmission
• ADIRU 1 and ADIRU 2 provides baro altitude to the transponders for Mode “C” operation, If one fails crew
has to select manually to ADIRU 3
• FMGC provide flight number

ADF
Radio navigation aid,
• Provides
• Identification of the relative bearing to a selected Gnd. station called NDB
• Aural identification
• Components
• Receiver – Test P/B on the face allows system test
• Antenna
• System connected to
• ND for display
• EFIS for control display
• FMGC for auto tuning
• MCDU for manual tuning
• RMP for backup tuning
• ACP for tone identification
• On NDB approach FMGC automatically tunes receiver via RMP
• With failure of one FMGC other side FMGC tunes ADF interrogator after signal from RMP to ADF to select
port “B”
• FMGCs, through MCDUs can manually tune ADF 1
• If FMGC both failed enable backup tuning by RMP 1
• ADF antenna consist of Loop and Sense antennas in one unit, comprises of
• One pre amplifier for each antenna, supplied by ADF receiver in +/- 12 VDC
• Test loop which enable a self test
Indication
• Data sends to NDs via DMCs
• Station ident audio signal send to loudspeakers via AMU
• Mode selector set to Rose, Nav or Arc modes and ADF selector set to ADF on EFIS control panel ADF
indications will be indicated on ND L/H lower corner. Tuning mode will be indicated as R or M such as by
RMP panel or Manual respectively
• In Rose, Nav and ARC modes with EFIS control panel NDB P/B pressed can monitor ADF stations in the
data base (magenta triangles)
• DDRMI
• Will indicates only selected ADF bearings provided ADF selected on VOR/ADF selector

126
Failures
• Red “ADF” flag will displayed instead of distance on PFD L/H lower corner or ND L/H lower corner
• NCD causes pointer disappear

VOR
• Medium range radio navigation aid
• Maker beacon system also attached to VOR 1 receiver
• Components
• Qty 2 VOR/Marker receivers - Test P/B on the face allows system test
• Dual VOR antenna –Located on the top of the tail
• Marker antenna – Located on the belly of the A/C
• System connected to
• ND, PFD and VOR/DME RMI for display
• EFIS panel for control display
• FMGC for auto tuning
• MCDU for manual tuning
• RMP for backup tuning
• ACP for VOR/MKR audio signal

• During normal operation FMGC tunes own side VOD/MKR interrogator via own RMP at port “A”
• With failure of one FMGC other side FMGC tunes VOR/MKR interrogator after signal from RMP to DME to
select port “B”
• Each MCDUs can manually tune both side VOR/MKR via FMGCs
• If FMGC both failed enable backup tuning by RMPs
• VOR data send to FMGC for flight plan computations
• MKR antenna connected to only Receiver 1
• VOR and MKR audio signals can be heard by selecting the volume on ACP
• Receiver sends audio signals to AMU for loudspeakers

Indications
• Mode selector set to Rose VOR or ARC and VOR selector set to VOR, ND will indicates
• R/H upper corner – VOR frequency, course and station identification (VOR 1 info. will display on
Capt’s and VOR 2 info. will be on FO’s )
• L/H bottom corner – VOR 1/ DME distance and tuning mode and station ident
• R/H bottom corner – VOR 2/ DME distance and tuning mode and station ident
• Two types white pointers will indicate the bearing on heading dial
• Single pointer indicates VOR 1
• Double pointer indicates VOR 2
• Course and lateral deviation
• Course pointer indicates selected course and same indicator middle(Lateral index) part will indicates
deviation
• TO/FROM indication displayed by the arrow head of the Lateral index
• Rose Nav and Arc positions with VOR.D P/B on the EFIS panel set can monitor selected and not selected
data base VOR stations
• DDRMI
• Will indicates only selected VOR bearings provided VOR selected on VOR/ADF selector
Failures
• Red “VOR” flag will displayed instead of distance on ND L/H lower corner for Arc mode, Rose VOR mode
Red flag will be displayed at the center of the display
• Dashes represents NCD

127
 OXYGEN SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 35)
Crew oxygen
• Provided by high pressure oxygen cylinder if cabin pressure is lost
• Cylinder can be isolated by manual ON / OFF valve + direct reading indicator give pressure indication in
the cylinder
• Pressure regulating transmitter
• Directly connected to high pressure cylinder
• Consist of high pressure stage with integrated pressure transducer for ECAM indication and low
pressure stage
• Regulates pressure to low pressure 78 psig (pounds per square inch gage)
• Over pressure protection
• High pressure safety out let is frangible disk – Rupture of the disk will be at 2500 – 2775 psig
• Low pressure safety outlet is pressure relief valve – at 175 psig
• Indication
• Green disk removed and yellow indicator appears, connected to both high and low pressure
discharge lines
• Supply valve
CREW
SUPPLY
Sw. pressed IN – Supply valve opens (Power applies only 1.5 sec)
Sw. released OUT – Supply valve closes (Only on Gnd.)
OFF

• Low pressure manifold

• Consist of
• Pressure Sw.
• Activates message on the ECAM Door / Oxy page
• Indicates low pressure detection in the manifold
• Amber “REGUL LO PR” appears if pressure < 50 psi
• Test port
• Hi pressure Indication
• Indicated in ECAM Door / Oxy page
• Reading
• Amber if - 0 – 400 psi
• Green if – 400 – 1850 psi
• Amber half frame – pressure < 1500 psi
• Crew oxygen mask utilization
• When 100% position – User breaths pure oxygen
• Rest test slider – For control oxygen supply during test and mask operation

Passenger and cabin crew oxygen

• Provided by chemical oxygen, locates in PCU, lavatories, and cabin stations, can be used for 13 min.
• Masks drops
• Automatically
• Cabin altitude > 14000 ft
• Auto announcement starts on PA system
• System On white indicator Lt. ON
• Time delay relay powers the oxygen power relay for 30 sec.(cuts OFF power to mask door
solenoids)
• After 30 sec system powered through Timer reset P/B
• Pressing TMR RESET Sw can stop tape announcement.
• Manually
• Flight deck action on the “Mask Man ON “ Sw.
• Auto announcement starts on PA system
• System On white indicator Lt. ON
• Pressing TMR RESET Sw can stop tape announcement.
• By manual release tool (if door not opened during electrical door operation)
128
MASK MAN ON
Sw. press IN – Masks releases
Sw. in auto –Masks automatically drops with cabin altitude increases

Lt. ON –When passenger oxygen system electrically operated

SYS ON

TMR RESET
FAULT
Fault Lt. ON – Time delay relay failure, door latch solenoid powered > 30 sec.
Sw. Press IN – Announcement stops
- System resets
ON
- ON Lt. illuminates
- System ON Lt. OFF
- Auto announcement stops
- SYS ON Lt. switch OFF
Passenger oxygen unit operation
• Passenger pulls the mask pin in the generator released chemical reaction starts
• Indicator turns from yellow to black

Portable oxygen
• Supply to attendance, passengers and flight crew in emergency
• Smoke hood
• system provides breathing means eye protection for crew and cabin attendants, allows to move freely
to extinguish fire
• Smoke hood can be used for 15 min. and fire resistant
• Smoke hood in good condition indicator is Green, if Red hood unserviceable
• Tamper seal for preflight inspection
• Annular container in the hood pulls of compressed oxygen releases amount of oxygen user needs
• High pressure portable cylinder with continues flow type masks used for first aid to the passengers

129
 PNEUMATIC SYSTEM (CHAPTER – 36)

• Bleed air system got 3 different sauces

• APU
• Engines
• Ground cart
Engine
• Two different stages
th
• IP – 7 HP stage
th
• HP – 10 HP stage,
HP valve
• Opens and regulates at 36psi when IP pressure is low
• Spring loaded to close in absence of up stream pressure
• Closer of PRV leads HP valve to close by PRV – HPV sense line
• In flight EEC maintain HPV close by energizing solenoid located on the sense line if
• Engine speed > Idle speed
• Altitude > 15000 ft
• Wing anti-ice close
• Normal pack configuration (2 pack operation)
• In case of low and excessive up stream pressure (closer pneumatically)
• Position indication goes to ECAM via BMC
Intermediate pressure valve
• Protects IP stage by reverse flow when HP valve open
Engine Bleed valve (PRV)
• HP & IP bleed pressure goes through PRV
• Operates pneumatically, control down stream pressure to 44psi
• Spring loaded to close in up stream pressure is lost
• Position indication goes to ECAM via BMC
• CTS powered by 28VDC via BMC
• Pneumatically Controlled by CTS located in down stream of precooler. CTS operation in TWO modes
• Pneumatically
• Over temp. protection of down stream of precooler by thermostat to reduce PRV flow rate
• Over heat protection of down stream of the precooler
• Controlled close in case of reverse flow
• Electrical Mode
• PRV shut off function solenoid energized by
• Flight deck panel (engine bleed valve P/B select OFF or Fire P/B push)
• BMC if
• Over temperature
• Over pressure
• Leak detected
• Engine starter valve open
• APU bleed set to ON

ENG BLEED
FAULT
Fault LT ON – Down stream of bleed valve hi bleed temp. or pressure
- Wing leak detection
- Engine bleed leak detection
OFF
- Engine bleed not closed
- Pylon leak detection
- If one loop inoperative then other detects fire
- Bleed valve not close during engine start
- Bleed valve not close with APU bleed ON
Switch pressed IN – Bleed valve opens if
- Upstream pressure > 8 psi.
- APU bleed P/B switch OFF or APU bleed valve close
- No on side wing or pylon leak and no over pressure or over temperature has detected
- Engine fire P/B not pop out
- Engine start valve closed
130
Pressure transducers
• Located down stream of the PRV (one in each side) to provide ECAM bleed pressure via BMC 1 & 2 and
SDAC
• Located down stream of HPV (one in each side) and provides signal to BMCs to monitor HPV and PRV
Precooler
• Located in pylon, air to air heat exchanger regulates temp. at 200 °C
• Cooled by fan air and air controlled by FAN AIR VALVE
Precooler outlet temp. sensor
• Provide ECAM indication and used to system monitoring via BMC (one for each side)
Fan Air Valve
• Controlled by CT (control thermostat) pneumatically located down stream of precooler
• Spring loaded to close in the absence of air pressure

APU
• Bleed passes through APU bleed valve, electrically controlled and operated by fuel pressure
• APU bleed valve got priority over engine bleed valves

APU Bleed valve

APU BLEED
FAULT
Fault Lt. ON – APU bleed leak detected (APU bleed valve and cross bleed
valve close)
ValvON If engine was running own bleed valve opens
Vvvvv Sw. pressed IN – APU bleed valve open if
- APU fire P/B not released
- No L/H & APU leak detection (if leak dection on R/H side
cross bleed valve closes)
- APU RPM > 95%
- NO shut command

Cross Bleed Valve

AUTO
SHUT OPEN

AUTO – Open & Close with APU bleed valve

Auto open if
- Mode selector auto
- APU bleed not close
- Engine Fire P/B not released
- No leak inhibition during engine start
Manual Mode
OPEN – Valve open
CLOSE – Valve close

• Cross bleed valve located in L/H side of the cross bleed duct allows to interconnect engine air systems
• Electrically controlled by 2 motors
• Primary motor – Auto mode
• Secondary motor – Manual mode (can OVRD auto mode)
Leak Detection
• Provides to detect over heat in the vicinity of hot air ducts in the wings, pylons and fuselage
• Monitors following zones
• Wing and Packs – Double loop
• Left loop monitors bleed ducts, cross bleed valve and APU check valve
• Right loop monitors bleed ducts and cross bleed valve
• Pylons – Single loop with one sensing element
• APU bleed duct – Single loop
• BMC 1 receive Loop “A” , Eng.1 Pylon and APU loop leak detection signals
• BMC 2 receive Loop ”B”, Eng. 2 Pylon leak detection signals
• BMC 1 & 2 cross talk then via AND logic provide warnings

131
Wing leak detection causes
• Bleed valve of the related side to close automatically
• Associated Fault Lt. located on the air-condition panel comes ON
• Cross bleed valve closes automatically except engine start
• APU bleed valve goes to close automatically if leak concerns at the left wing except engine start
Pylon leak signal causes
• Bleed valve on the related side closes automatically
• Associated Fault Lt. located on the air-condition panel comes ON
• Cross bleed valve closes automatically except engine start
APU leak signal causes
• APU bleed valve closes automatically except engine start
• Associated Fault Lt. located on the air-condition panel comes ON
• Cross bleed valve closes automatically except engine start

BMC
• Monitoring by 2 BMCs
• Bleed pressure
• Bleed Temperature
• Leek detection
• Normal configuration
• BMC 1 – Monitors left side of cross bleed system
• BMC 2 – Monitors right of cross bleed system
• If BMC 1 fails other will monitor except APU and Pylon
• Both BMC fail no aural warning only ECAM message + crosses on system page
• BMC interfaces
• With SDAC to provide ECAM indication
• CFDIU for maintenance data
• Opposite BMC to provide wing loop leak status, bleed parameters
• APU ECU to bleed valve control
• Zone controller
IF one BMC failed monitoring of main parameters kept valid
• HPV
• PRV
• Precooler outlet temp. sensor
• Following ECAM warnings will be avail
• Over pressure
• Over temperature
• Wing leak
• Automatic control of PRV will be lost
• Associated Fault Lt. on air-condition panel lost
• Pylon leak warning for associated engine
• If BMC 1 APU bleed leak warning will be lost

132
 WATER AND WASTE (CHAPTER – 38)
• Distribute portable water to the toilet and the galleys
• Dispose waste water
• Store toilet water

Potable water system

• Supplies to Galleys and Lavatories from pneumatically pressured water tank
• Water tank located in aft of fwd cargo compartment, capacity 200 lt.
• System pressurized by
• On Ground by compressor unit
• In flight by compressed air tapped from Engine cross feed line
• Distribution lines routed under floor, some of them are heated
• In each lavatory water line can be isolated by manual shut off valve
• Water heater located under the wash basin, temperature maintained at 45° – 48° C
Filling
• Can be done by Fill drain valve operated by Fill / drain control handle located in potable water service
panel, simultaneously operate motorized Drain overflow valve to vent the system
• Water quantity transmitter close the Fill / Drain valve when high level reached
• Each valve manual operation possible by control handle in each valve
Draining
• Achieved by selecting Fill / Drain valve to drain position, then another 2 motorized drain valves will be
opened and over flow valve open for venting the system
Waste system
• Drainage waste either from galleys and lavatories Discharge over board via heated drain masts
• Each lavatory consist of Drain valve, operates only some amount of water is collected. Drain valve
prevents permanent loss cabin pressure through drain lines

Toilet systems
• Waste from lavatories will be collected in under flow waste tank through vacuum system
• Vacuum system controller controls the system
• To flush the toilet bowl portable water used
Operation
• When flush Sw. pressed Flush control Sw. initiates flush sequence, as the flush cycle starts flush cycle in
the other toilets are inhibited for approximately 15 sec.
• Vacuum generator starts after 1 sec for 15 sec. controlled by vacuum controller, then water valve opens
for 1 sec.
• Flush valve will be opened by FCU for 4 sec to dispose waste to the tank through differential pressure
(manual SOV located in the drain line to shut off the line if flush valve defective)
• Vacuum generator creates deferential pressure between cabin and waste tank to move waste
• Vacuum generator operates
• During climb up to 16000 ft
• During descend after12000 ft
• Vacuum generator controlled by altitude Sw. if Sw failed L/G signal used as a back up
• Waste tank
• Capacity 170 Lt., Located in aft of bulk cargo
• Consist of
• Water separator in the vacuum line
• Liquid level transmitter (Hydrostatic pressure) – Sends signal to VSC
• Liquid level sensor (Ultrasonic type)
• Vacuum system controller (VSC)
• During A/C power up on Gnd. and on flight, internal and external circuit monitored continuously
• Controls and monitor system operation
• Reports to system failures to CFDS
• Tank is full indication sends to “system inop” indication in the FAP
• Liquid level indicators in FAP and service panel controlled by VSC
• During toilet servicing FCU inhibited the toilet flushing

133
• Flush control unit (FCU)
• Bite in each FCU monitors
• Water valves
• Flush valves
• Internal control circuitry
• If fault is detected transmit to VSC

• Forward attendant panel (FAP)

• Indicates waste quantity and if system is inoperative, signals come from VSC

Lt. ON – 115 VAC defect

Level transmitter shows full and sensor not
SYSTEM
Service door open + L/G down
INOP

Lt. ON – FCU defect (x – shows defective FCU located toilet)

LAV X
INOP

134
 AUXELARY POWER UNIT (CHAPTER – 49) [APIC]
• Can be used in flight and GND.
• On Ground.
• Supplies bleed air for engine start and air-conditioning
• Supplies electric power
• During take off
• Supplies bleed air for air-conditioning thus avoiding a reduction in engine thrust caused by the use of
engine bleed air for this purpose when optimum A/C performance is required
• In Flight
• Backs up the electrical and air-condition system
• Can be used to engine start
• Oil system used to cool AC generator
• Fuel supply
• Either booster pumps or APU feed pump depends on APU feed line pressure monitored by pressure
Sw.
• If pressure not available (batteries only or pumps off) the APU FUEL PUMP starts automatically
• ECB controls the fuel flow
• ECB computes
• Fuel-air ratio corresponding to load
• Meters fuel flow
• Fuel pressure used as muscle pressure for IGV actuator and BCV, controlled by ECB
• ECB full authority digital engine control system( FADEC)
• IGV and BCV controls air flow into load compressor to avoid Over temperature of power section
• If Over temp. Causes IGV & BCV will go to close position
• De–oil solenoid opens during starting to reduce viscosity of cold oil to remove load on the APU starter
• During shut down De–oil valve operates to reduce oil pressure than air pressure at the seal to prevent oil
leaking
• CFDS interrogation and restart possible only RPM < 7%

Electronic Control Box (ECB)

• Start sequence control
• Control and monitoring of the APU
• Initiates power up test and monitoring test
• Acts as a interface between A/C and APU
• Receives data and send parameters to ECAM

ECAM page presentation

• Speed – Red = Over speed
• EGT – Normal condition =Green, Pulses in advisory, Red = over temp.,
• Bleed Pressure – Amber XX indication not available
• Fuel low pressure – Amber msg. appears line pressure < 15 psi
• Inlet flap position – “FLAP OPEN” displayed flap fully open + M/Sw. select ON, Pulsing = Flap not fully
closed with in 3 min after M/Sw. select OFF
• Low oil level – Pulsing if level in the gear box reached low level, (Qty < 4 lt.)
• Low oil pressure – Deference between APU bleed pressure given by ECB and correct average pressure
from ADIRU 2
• AC generator load – APU Gen. capacity 90 KVA, Shows Amber if Over load or Voltage or Frequency out
of range
• Voltage & frequency – 120v < V < 110v, 410Hz < Frequency < 390Hz
• AVAIL Lt. – Speed > 95%, other wise no indication
• Normal control of APU carried out from flight deck, emergency shut down can be done from external
control panel at nose L/Gear

135
Master Switch
• Sw. pressed IN –
FAULT • Provide control & power supply for operation + Blue ON light appears + APU
page on ECAM system display
ON • ECB performs power up test
• APU air intake flap opens
• APU fuel isolation valve opens
• APU fuel pump start if no boost pump in operation
• Fault Lt. ON when
• Automatic shut down occurs (APU or ECB faults)
• Sw released OUT – Normal shut down initiates

Start Push Button

AVAIL • Pressed
• Initiates start sequence, Blue ON Lt. illuminates until speed = 95%
ON • AVAIL Lt. illuminates 2 sec. After speed > 95% or speed > 99.5%

Ignition and Starting

• Start Control (controlled by ECB)
• APU speed = 55% starts logic of ECB cuts off supply to start contractor, switch off starter motor
• Timed acceleration loop of ECB allow APU to accelerate to governed speed
• APU may obtain power to start from A/C batteries or normal electrical system or ground services
• APU starting is permitted through out the normal flight envelope
• Ignition system
• Consist of qty 2 Igniters available, Igniter plug
• Ignite and maintain combustion during start phase
• Operates until speed 55% during starting
• During shut down Ignition starts from speed 95% - 7% to burn unburned fuel

Fire Push Button

• Released OUT – Emergency shut down initiated

APU FIRE
PUSH

External APU shut off Push Button

• Push IN
• APU emergency shut down with out any time delay + cancel horn

APU Fire Light

• During fire RED light illuminates on ground with horn

136
APU management
• Keep rotation speed constant to obtain correct AC generation
• Protect power unit over temp.
• Avoid low compressor surge
• Control safe APU start & ease maintenance

Powerup
Select
M/Sw. ON
• APU LP SOV open
• Fuel pump logic energized
• ECB controls opens Intake flap, when fully open ECB receives fully open signal then carry out power
up test
• After power up test enter to watch state
• Speed < 7% and no prohibition state, ECB enters to Preparation state

Press Start Push Button

• ECB initiates Start sequence (any shut down signal will shut APU with out any delay)
• Start P/B pressed +100msec
• Main Electrical stage selected by ECB is
• Back up start contactor close
• Back up contactor close + 1.5 sec
• Ignition exciter activated
• Gear box De-oil valve energized
• Main start contactor close
• Speed > 3%
• 3 way solenoid valve and fuel solenoid valve selected
• Speed > 5%
• Fuel flow controlled
• ∆EGT > 10 C
• Indicate acceleration control to 100% speed
• Speed > 55%
• Ignition exciter deenagized
• Main start contactor deenagized
• Gear box deoiling valve deenagized
• Speed > 55% + 5 sec.
• Back up start contactor deenagized
• Speed > 95%
• Surge control loop activation
• APU “AVAIL” Lt. ON + ECAM “AVAIL” message appears + E/W display memo page “APU AVAIL”
message appears ( If bleed selected “APU BLEED” message will appear)
• Steady state
• Speed control
• Constant what ever the load applied, achieved by fuel flow actual speed compared with a speed datum
(100%) which varies with air inlet pressure and temperature
• Load compressor surge control ( avoids compressor surge )
• Achieved by Control / metering of BCV
• If surge control fails BCV fully open to discharge incase of reverse flow detection, APU
automatically shut down by ECB
• Avoid APU over temperature
• By controlling IGV position to reduce air load and give priority to electrical load, achieve by
metering position of IGV
• Cool period and shut down
• During stop command from M/Sw.
• Total load cut off by
• IGV close
• BCV move to discharge position
• AC generator exciter OFF
• Then APU goes to 120 sec cooling period

137
• Normal Shut down
• M/Sw released if bleed air not selected
• APU shut down immediately (simulates Over speed condition)
• Stop fuel supply (speed reduced)
• “AVAIL” Lt. OFF , IDG deenergized
• Speed < 90%
• Gear box deoil solenoid valve open to reduce oil pressure then air pressure to prevent oil leaking
• Speed < 7%
• Air intake flap close
• Normal shut down with bleed ON, will take 120 sec for cooling
• If first bleed Sw OFF, still take 120 sec from bleed OFF point
• 30 sec will take to close the air intake flap
• Protective Shut Down
• ECB control starting / running parameters
• If abnormal parameter detected immediately shut down even bleed air supplied
• Parameters to shut down
• Over speed by monopole at 105%, if not at 107% by PMG on cooling fan
• Over temperature
• Low oil pressure
• High oil temperature
• Start period timer
• Sensor failure
• Air intake flap
• No flame
• Reverse flow
• No acceleration
• Loss of DC power
• ECB failure
• Generator HI oil temperature
• Loss of speed sensing
• IGV shut down

• Emergency shut down

• APU fire P/B select OUT
• APU external shut off push button press
• ECB initiates automatic shut down when fire detected on GND.
• APU warnings
• Auto shut down
• M/C, A/W, Fault lt on M/Sw., ECAM APU page automatically appears
• Conditions
• Air inlet flap closed
• Over speed
• No acceleration
• Slow start
• Sensor failure
• Over temperature
• No flame
• Reverse flow
• Low oil pressure
• HI oil temperature
• DC power loss
• ECB failure
• Loss of speed signal
• IGV shut down
• Generator high oil temperature
• Emergency shut down
• A/W, M/C, M/Sw. fault Lt. ON, ECAM APU page on system display
• Occurs when APU shut off Sw. press on the external panel or automatic fire detraction
138
ECB interfaces
• ECB powered by
• Via APU main control relay
• At least 1 battery required
• A/C DC network
• 28 VDC PMG
• To prevent power loss during power changeovers (Power loss > 200 msec ECB will loose
control)
• Provide speed signal as a back up if both monopols failed and shut down APU (at 107%) if not
response to monopoles (at 105%)
• Master Switch
• Sends discreet stop signal to ECB
• ECB fault Lt. ON
• Auto shut down or power up test fail
• Air intake failure
• Open/close position receive by ECB
• Then open/close feed back signal send to ECB
• Start P/B
• Discreet start sequence
• ECB sends ON Lt., APU starts
• Speed > 95% “AVAIL” Lt. ON
• Back up and Main start contactor
• ECB receives discreet input from Main & back up contactors then send signal to energize or
deenergize
• Emergency stop
• ECB act as per shut down discreet signal
• LGICU
• Received GND./Air signal
• APU fuel feed system
• Discreet low pressure Sw. sends signal to LP SOV
• EIU
• During main engine start
• Receive to position IGV to open/close
• BCV to modulate
• BMC
• When APU control Sw. select ON
• BMC sends signal to ECB to open bleed control valve
• Zone controller
• Via ARINC 429 data bus ECB receives position of IGV & BCV as per demand
• GEN. oil temperature Sw.
• Receive analogue input from sensors in the generator
• SDAC 1 & 2
• ECB sends indications and warning signals to display on ECAM
• CFDS
• ECB is a Type 1 system connected to CFDS for fault and BITE testing
APU bleed system
• System is fully automatic
• ECB sets APU speed to meet the demands on the air bleed system and in view of the air and Gnd.
configuration

Bleed demand –Ground / Flight N %

Nil 99
Ground Main engine start 101
Air condition *99/101
Flight 101

*APU speed: 99% if the ambient temperature < 25° C

101% if the ambient temperature > 30° C
139
 DOORS (CHAPTER – 52)
ECAM indications
• Green – When doors closed, Amber – When doors not locked
• Slide
• White when Armed
• Disarmed no indication
• Disarmed and door open – Amber dashes
• Stair door – Amber when stair door not locked via SDAC

Main doors
• Consist of Qty. 3 proximity Sws.
• Escape slide Sw – White slide arm Lt. powered when system is armed
• Handle Sw. – Handle stow position monitored for door close indication on ECAM via SDAC
• Hook Sw. – Door lock indication on ECAM via SDAC
Indications
• Red and White lights located below door window can be visual from inside and outside
• White Lt. ON
• Slide armed and door not locked, when door try to open
Door indication
• ECAM door close indication appears only both Hook and Handle Sws. Sense NEAR
• IF one Sw. sense FAR door not locked indicated on ECAM
Slide indication
• ECAM slide armed indication and Door Lt. appears from both Handle and Escape slide Sws. via
SDAC
• Slide armed and door locked – White “SLIDE” and Green door symbol
• Slide armed and Door not locked – White “SLIDE” and Amber door symbol + White Slide Lt. on
the door ON
• Slide armed and door locked – Only door Green symbol
• Slide disarmed and door not locked – Door symbol amber and amber dashes for slide
• Red Lt. ON
• Cabin pressure Lt. flashes when
• residual pressure in the cabin > 0.04 psi and
• Slide disarmed + Engines not running
CABIN
Mechanical indicators PRESSURE
• Top of the door indicates door locked or unlocked
• Girt bar locked or not will be indicated at the slide arm

• Pressure Sw. to monitor cabin pressure located in the Fwd Avionics compartment
• Emergency opening system
• Disarmed mode
• Girt bar locked on the door
• Damper / emergency operation cylinder damps the door movement
• Armed mode
• Girt bar locked on the fuselage
• Damper / emergency operation cylinder powered by gas bottle to open the door automatically and
deploy the slide

Emergency Doors
• Total qty. 4, can be opened from inside or out side
• Escape slide will automatically deployed if not can be deployed manually
• Each door consists of Qty. 2 proximity Sws.
• Handle cover flap Sw - Door position will be indicated on ECAM via SDAC
• Door locked – Door symbol Green ass Sw. target is NEAR
• Not locked – Amber indication as Sw. target is FAR
• Handle escape slide Sw.
• Activates by lever which provides slide indication on the ECAM and door armed white Lt. via
SDAC

140
 • Proximity Sw. sense Slide armed when target is FAR
• Slide armed door locked – White “SLIDE” symbol and Green door indication on ECAM
• Slide armed door not locked
• White “SLIDE” symbol on ECAM
• Door symbol amber
• Slide armed Lt. between two doors Slide armed
• M/C in flight deck SLIDE
• Slide disarmed and door locked ARMED
• Door Green symbol only Door closed
• Slide disarmed and door not locked
• Door amber symbol
• Slide symbol replaced by amber dashes

Lt. ON - Slide armed and door not locked, activated by Handle escape slide
Sw.
SLIDE
ARMED

Cargo doors
• Fwd and Aft cargo doors operated by Yellow hydraulic system
• Bulk cargo door manually open inwards
• Locking is monitored by qty 3 proximity sensors and indicated on ECAM
• Handle Sw. – Provides door indication on ECAM via LGCIU
• Locking shaft Sw. – Electro selector valve powered when Sw. target FAR
• Frame Sw. - Provides door indication on ECAM via LGCIU
• Door
• locked
• Both Handle and Frame Sws. Targets must be NEAR
• Not locked
• One Sw. sense FAR
• Green Lt. in door operating Sw. area indicates door fully open and locked, Switch located in the door
actuator, This Sw. only for Green Lt.

• Electrical control system

• Enable logic
• Electro selector valve powered
• Locking shaft proximity Sw. target far
• Manual selector valve operated
• When manual selector valve operated, integrated proximity sensor sends a signal to the
LGCIU to open the electric selector valve and to start electric pump of the yellow hydraulic
system. Time delay to switch off pump when closing, allow to lock the door (manually)
before door return back from latch position. Time delay starts from the time operating
handle is released
• Can be operated by hand pump if hydraulic not available by holding the operating Sw. and operating hand
pump by selecting selector valve to manual

Bulk cargo door

• Manually operated and door lock status monitored by proximity Sw. for ECAM indication

Avionics compartment doors

• Total Qty 4, Open / close monitored by Proximity switches for ECAM indication

Air Stair
• Can be operated from cabin (switches located at L1 door) or nose L/G steering lock box Sws.
• Door monitored by proximity switch for ECAM indication

141
 POWER PLANT (CHAPTER – 70) [IAE V2500-A5]
• Thrust – 22000 lbs.
• Controlled by FADEC, provides engine control, monitoring and maintenance trouble shooting
• Consist 5 primary modules
• Fan
• LP rotor ( N 1 ) consist fan and 4 stage compressor, driven by 5 stage turbine, with 3 bearings
• Intermediate case
• HP system (Compressor, combustion chamber and turbine)
• Combustion chamber located between HP turbine and compressor
• HP rotor ( N 2 ) consist of 10 stage compressors driven by 2 stage turbine, supported by 2
bearings
• LP turbine
• Accessory drives
• Located at lower fan case, composed of
• Angle gear box
• Main gearbox
• Driven by HP rotor via internal and angle gear box
• Consist of gear train that reduces and increases rotational speed to meet specific
requirements of each accessory
• Hydraulic pump, IDG connected to main gear box

• Engine fuel system

• Designed to provide fuel to
• Combustion chamber feeding
• Cooling fuel for engine oil and IDG oil
• Compressor air flow control and turbine clearance control
• Fuel feeding
• A/C tank fuel enter to LP valve (controlled by Fire P/B and Eng. Master lever) and LP pump. After
pump goes to Fuel cooled oil cooler before fuel filter. ∆P Sw. on the cooler indicates to flight deck
if filer is clogged. Fuel temp. sensor on cooler controls Fuel diverted and return valve (FD & RV).
Next to filter is HP fuel pump, supply fuel to Fuel Metering Unit (FMU).
• Fuel goes through fuel flow meter to distribution valve which supply 20 fuel nozzles
• FMU consist of
• Metering valve
• Over speed valve
• Pressure raising and SOV – Closes when engine master lever set to OFF
• All functions in the FMU controlled by EEC via torque motors (T/M)
• FMU mounted servo regulator provides and regulates fuel to FMU to T/Ms and
• Air cooled oil cooled actuator (ACOCA)
• Booster stage bleed valve actuator (BSBVA)
• Variable stator vain actuator (VSVA)
• Active clearance control actuator (ACCA)
• Part of the fuel used to cool IDG & Eng. Oil, functions controlled by FD & RV. Returned fuel will go
back to outer tank under certain conditions
• EEC will control FD & RV, FMU T/Ms, ACOCA, BSBVA, VSVA and ACCA operation.
• EEC performs control and fault analysis to regulate fuel and engine operation in all conditions.
• If EEC both channels fail actuators and servo valves fail safe operation.

• Heat management system

• Heating and cooling of fuel, Eng. Oil and IDG oil will be done by Air cooled oil cooler, Fuel cooled
oil cooler and IDG fuel cooled oil cooler under control of EEC
• EEC acts on HMS through FD & RV and ACOC modulating valve.
• Engine hot oil passes through ACOC and FCOC, ACOC modulation valve control air flow across
ACOC to keep oil and fuel in limits
• FD & RV varies cooling fuel flow from max. to min.
• FD & RV controls Eng. Oil, IDG oil, Fuel temperature minimizing ACOC

142
 • EEC controls HMS through 4 modes of operation by taking account of Eng., fuel and oil
temperature
• Mode 1
• Normal return to tank
• When engine not in high power setting some fuel return to tanks then heat absorbed
in the tank fuel
• Return valve opens + ACOC close & fuel goes through IDG FCOC & FCOC to tank
• Mode 3
• Engine at high power setting
• All the heat will absorbed by burned fuel
• Fuel flow is too low to provide required cooling
• Fuel will not go to the tank
• ACOC valve modulates + return valve close
• Fuel goes through IDG FCOC & FCOC via HP pump
• Mode 4
• Selected when normal mode + high engine fuel temperature
• Oil system use to achieve a supplemental cooling of fuel
• ACOC valve fully open
• Return valve open and fuel goes to tank
• Fuel goes through IDG FCOC does not goes through FCOC
• Mode 5
• Selected when conditions same as mode 3 but not permitted due to IDG oil temperature is
excessive or return to tank not possible due to high return oil temp.
• ACOC valve fully open
• Fail safe mode off operation
• Fuel will circulate through IDG FCOC, FCOC through HP pump
• Temperat ures of tank fuel and engine parameter settings will take account to inhibition of fuel to
tanks
FADEC
• Provides full range engine control and operation through out the flight with dual channel electronic engine
control and several sensors
• Provide engine system regulation and scheduling to control thrust to optimum engine operation such as
• Power setting ( EPR or N 1)
• P2 / T2 heating
• Acceleration deceleration times
• Idle speed governing
• Over speed limits (N 1 & N 2)
• Fuel flow control
• VSV control
• Compressor heating bleed valve control
• Booster stage bleed valve control ( BSBV)
• HP turbine cooling
• Hp / LP turbine active clearance control (HP/LP TACC)
• Automatic and manual engine starting
• T/R control
• Oil and Fuel temp. management through HMS
Power supply
• FADEC self powered by dedicated PMG generator when N 2 > 10%, consist of 2 channel power out puts
“A” & “B” (115VAC convert to 28 VDC) fed to EEC Channel “A” & “B” respectively
• Also powered by A/C power system ( 28 VDC) during starting, as a back up and testing when engines not
running (115VAC used for Ignition system and P2/T2 probe heating)
• FADEC system automatically depowerd on Gnd.
• 5 min after A/C power up
• 5 min after engine shut down
• Fire P/B pulled (via EIU)
• Some signals directly hard wired from EEC to some other systems such as
• TLA signal from throttle resolver to EEC
• ADIRU

143
• Using bite system EEC can detect and isolates failures
• Single input signal failure
• No channel changeover, channel in control uses other inputs from other channel via cross channel
data link
• Dual input signal failure
• System runs on Synthesized valves of healthiest channel
• Single output signal failure
• Automatic change over to standby active channel
• Complete output signal failure
• No power avail to drive torque motor or solenoid system goes to fail safe position
• Fail safe control
• If a channel is faulty and active channel can not ensure one engine function, this control moves to
“fail – safe” position

FADEC Principle
• EEC interface with A/C system via EIU (Engine Interface Unit), Primary parameters EPR, N1, N2, EGT, FF
sent directly to ECAM. Secondary parameters sent to ECAM via EIU. (EPR = P4.9/P2)
• One EIU for each engine located in 85 & 86vu
• Provides automatic thrust control and thrust parameter limit computation in according to EPR or N1(back
up mode)
• EEC channels “A” & “B” powered by DC ESS bus and DCBUS 1 respectively
• Managers thrust according to two thrust modes
• Manual mode depends on TLA
• Auto mode depends on Auto thrust generated by AFS
• Two idle mode selections
• Approach idle – When slats extended
• Minimum idle - Can be modulated up to approach idle during engine anti-ice and wing anti-ice
• Limits for Over speed monitoring N1 & N2 to prevent exceeding speed limits. Also monitors EGT & EPR
• Provides optimum engine operation controlling FF, compressor air flow and turbine clearance
• Monitor and control engine starting by EPR, EGT, N1,N2 and can abort or recycle
• Controls engine starting and Ignition in auto or manual mode when initiates from engine start or engine
manual start panels
• Supervi ses T/R operation entirely, if inadvertent deployment command to restow. During reverse operation
thrust controlled as a function of N1
• To provide full rage of control and monitoring EEC interface with
• ADIRU – Air data parameters TAT, PT(total pressure), P0 (Altitude), Mach number, Both ADIRUs
send signals to both channels
• EIU – Concentrate A/C signals
• Fire P/B and FADEC Gnd. power P/B and A/C power connected to EEC via EIU
• Other computers to flight deck indications and auto thrust control
• EEC 2 channels receives separate inputs to avoid malfunctions and fault isolations
• EEC compares ADIRU airdata signal inputs and sensor inputs for more accuracy, sensor inputs
are P2, T2 and P0
• Both EEC channels provides output buses same time identical parameters to each computer
• Engine control parameters
• EEC status and fault indications
• Engine condition parameters
• Engine rating parameters
• FADEC system maintenance data
• EEC receives signals from TLA and engine sensor signals and checks range limits and rate limits
then performs interface fault detection test
• EIU interfaces
• Functions
• Concentrate signals from flight deck panels
• Activates engine start panel “FAULT” lt.
• To ensure the segregation of 2 engines
• Provide electronic engine control with A/C power supply
• Give required logic and information from the engine to A/C systems

144
 • With auto flight system EIU communicates with FCU
• EIU comprises with
• Discrete inputs –Gnd. open circuit types
• Digital inputs – Differential type, working range 1 – 9 volts
• Digital outputs – ARINC 429 lines
• Discrete outputs – On 28V DC open circuit or Gnd. open circuit types
• Analogue inputs – From oil pressure and quantity transmitters, oil temp. sensor, No 4 bearing
scavenge pressure transducer, Nacelle temp. sensor
• Power supply switching
• Inputs
• 28 VDC for own power supply and FADEC power supply, 115 VAC for Ignition control
• Out puts
• Voltage for FADEC power supply or engine Ignition power supply
• Performs
• Acquisition of information
• Transmission of messages
• Logics, oil low pressure, APU boost
• Fault detection logics carried out by internal bites
• Transmission of results to CFDS
• Auto thrust function carried by FMGC, sends command signals to engine through FCU and EIUs
• FMGC directly receives inputs from EEC does not go through EIU, EIU also Receives same
inputs from EEC
• EIU receives Environmentally control system signals from zone controllers such as
• Air condition
• Wing anti-ice
• Nacelle anti-ice
• EIU receives engine starting control signals from flight deck panels and send to starting. With EIU
malfunction engine starting not possible
• CFDS interfaces faults and bite memory through EIU
• BMC interfaces with EEC for bleed control via EIU
• LGCIU gives L/G compress signal
• SFCC provides Slat/Flap lever retracted position
• SEC provides TLA< -3°

Ignition and starting system

• Pneumatic starting system drives HP rotor at a speed high enough to initiate start
• EEC control ignition through a relay box and starting through a start valve
• Ignition “A” powered by “AC ESS BUS” and transferred to “STAT INV BUS” when static inverter in
operation
• Automatic start
• EEC opens the start valve and only one ignition exciter energized when HP rotor speed is normal
• EEC provides full protection during starting sequence
• After starting is finished closes start valve, cutoff ignition
• Any fault during start automatic start abort the start procedure
• FADEC automatically alternates igniters used on successive starts
• Igniters comes ON automatically at 10% <N2<16% and cut off at 43% N2
• Manual start
• Start valve opens when engine manual start P/B pressed IN
• Ignition system energized when Master lever set to ON position (both igniters start and stop at 43%)
• No automatic shut down function
• Cranking
• Ignition inhibited during wet or dry cranking
• Continuous ignition
• Via EEC manually using rotary Sw. selection
• Automatically by FADEC with engine running and
• Engine anti – ice P/B set to ON
• Max TO thrust selected (EPR or rated N1 mode)
• Flex TO thrust selected (EPR mode)
145
 • EIU data failed (Ignition and/or bleed configuration data)
• Approach idle selected
• In flight unscheduled sub idle or surge
• Master lever cycled from ON to OFF then back to ON position
• Start sequence aborted 50% N2 automatically if
• Starter valve failure
• Ignition failure
• PRSOV failure (Fuel)
• Not start
• Hang start
• No N1 rotation
• Auto start
• APU started with electrical power and bleed power ON
• Mode select Sw. set to Ignition start + EEC arm automatically
• Master lever ON
• LP fuel SOV open
• EEC will open starter valve
• N2 increases
• PRSOV de-energized due to master lever ON
• N2 = 16%
• EEC provides ignition
• Ignition automatically selected by EEC + ECAM engine page display
• N2 = 18%
• EEC opens FMU
• Due to fuel flow PRSOV opens (any malfunction EEC closes start valve )
• N2 = 43%
• EEC closes starter + stop ignition
• Engine is now stable at idle set ignition Sw. to normal (If ignition Sw. left on ignition selection
continues ignition starts)
• Any time M/Lever select stop, engine shut down due to PRSOV closer
Start failures
• Automatic mode
• During start ( Ignition select+ M/lever ON) PRSOV does not open
• M/C Fault lt on engine control panel + ECAM message
• Engine automatically shut down (Select M/lever OFF + Ignition Sw. normal)
• Start time exceeded
• With in 2 min start valve does not close
• M/C, S/C ECAM msg.
• Manual mode
• During start (Ignition select + Start P/B on start control panel press + M/lever ON) PRSOV does not
open with fuel pressure rising
• M/C, ECAM msg. FAULT LT. on engine control panel
• Manuel engine shut down (EEC does not shut down engine)
• Start P/B press + M/lever OFF + Ignition selection set to normal)
• Start time exceeded
• M/C, S/C and manual engine shut down to be done
Air system
• Ensures the control of compressor airflow and turbine clearance
• Compressor air flow
• Provided by
• Booster stage bleed valve system – Permits booster compressor air flow discharge in to fan air
stream to ensure booster compressor output matches the HP compressor at low engine speed
and deceleration
• Variable stator vain system – Directs airflow in to HP compressor 4 initial stages to prevent stall
and engine surge
th th
• Additional bleed valve at 7 (qty 3) and 10 (qty 1) stages of the HP compressor – Complete the
compressor air flow control
• All these are controlled by EEC
146
• Turbine clearance control and cooling
th
• EEC controls ACC valve for HP & LP turbine and 10 stage make up air valve for supplementary
internal cooling of the turbine
• Ensure blade tip clearance for better performance
• EEC controls dual ACC valve with discharges fan air through manifolds to cool the surfaces of the HP
& LP turbine cases during climb and cruise
th nd
• Make up valves supplies supplemented air from HP compressor 10 stage to cool 2 stage vanes,
hubs and both disks of the HP turbine, during cruise valve close

• No4 bearing compartment cooling

th
• Cooled by 12 stage air of the HP compressor
th
• Air cooled air cooler (ACAC) cools 12 stage air of the HP compressor before goes to No.4 bearing
compartment, fan air then goes to over board
• Nacelle temperature
• Monitored by temp. sensor installed in ventilated core compartment and indication provided to ECAM
lower display except during engine start (Ignition indication will be replaced)

Engine Control presentation

• Engine FADEC Gnd. Power panel (located on the maintenance panel)

ENG
FADEC GND PWR
1 2
Pressed IN – Provides Engines 1 or 2 FADEC power when
engines Shut down
- ON Lt. illuminates
ON ON

Engine MAN start panel (located on the OVHD panel)

ENG
MAIN START
1 2
Pressed IN – Open Engine start valves in the manual start mode
or during engine cranking
- ON Lt. illuminates
ON ON

• N1 mode Push buttons

N1 MODE
1 2
Pressed IN – If engine control mode failure can be selected N1
mode manually
- If One or both engine thrust no longer be managed
ON ON in EPR mode (both engines must be in the same
mode)
- ON LT. illuminates

• Thrust Levers
• T/lever positions are transmitted by electrical signals to the FADEC system
• Each T/lever is fitted with a reverse thrust latching and an auto thrust instinctive disconnect push
button.
• Engine panel (Located on the center pedestal)
• Provides
• Control start sequences in automatic and manual modes
• Engine cranking
• Consist with
• Rotary selector to initiate either an IGN START or a CRANK sequence
147
 • Qty 2 Master levers to control the HP fuel valve and provide FADEC functions command for rest
• Qty 2 indicator lights with FIRE and FAULT legends

Fault Lt. ON
• Automatic start abort
• Start valve fault
• Disagreement between HP fuel valve position and commanded position

Engine control panel

ENG
MASTER 1 MASTER 2
ENG ENG
ON 1 2 ON
OFF OFF
MODE
NORM

CRANK IGN
FIRE START FIRE

FAULT FAULT

1 2

Engine thrust management

• Predicted EPR indicated by white circle on the EPR indicator corresponds value determine by the Trust
lever angle
• Thrust limit modes
• Depends on the TLA and will be indicated on the E/W display be EEC
• T/ lever in between two detents upper limit considers as the T/ limit
• Modes
• CL : Climb
• MCT : Maximum continuous thrust
• FLX : Flexible take off
• TOGA : Take – off / Go around
• EPR Limit
• On each T/ limit mode selection EPR limit will be calculated according to the airdata indicated next to
the Thrust limit mode indication on the E/W display
• EPR Target
• Computed by FMGC
• For other thrust functions FMGC computes according to airdata and engine parameters and send to
EEC
• EPR Command
• A/THR engaged
• A/THR active (T/lever < Flex / MCT)
• Regulates the fuel flow with FMGC EPR targets
• A/THR not active ( T/lever > Flex / MCT)
• EPR correspond to the T/lever angle
• A/THR not engaged (Manual control mode)
• EEC process EPR command according to the TLA
• Actual EPR
• Actual value given by ratio of the LPT exhaust and inlet pressure
• Displayed in Green on the EPR indicator and also compare with EPR command
• Max EPR
• Indicated as amber index
• Limit value of the EPR corresponding to the T/lever full foreword position

148
• Back up N1 mode
• Rated N1 mode
• If EPR sensor failure EEC automatically reverts to rated N1 mode (P2 or/and P5 sensor fail)
• On the ECAM EPR indicator crossed amber
• EEC uses TLA and airdata reference
• A/THR system not available + A – floor lost
• To select N1 mode both engines N1 P/Bs must be pressed IN manually
• Signal send corresponding FADEC system to conform or to force N1mode selection
• On the ECAM EPR indication crossed and N1 mode limits displayed instead of EPR limits
• On the N1 indicator, predicted N1 (white circle) replaces the predicted EPR
• Unrated N1 mode
• If ADR signal not available or T2 sensor fail (engine inlet total air temperature) or programming
plug not installed
• EEC reverts to unrated N1 mode from rated N1 mode or rated EPR mode to unrated N1 mode
• N1 limitation no longer computed
• N1 command directly related to the TLA
• No longer engine protection from over boost (e.g. Go around)
• EPR recovery logic
• With FADEC in either rated or unrated N1 mode, switching OFF the ENG N1 MODE P/B will permit to
return EPR mode if failure has disappeared
• Thrust control unit (Qty 2 units)
• Consist of
• Qty 2 Resolvers
• Qty 6 Potentiometers
• Pressure raising and shut off valve (PRSOV)
• Part of FMU (not a LRU)
• Isolates fuel supply to fuel nozzles
• Opens during engine start when fuel pressure high enough for FMU control

Primary parameters (displayed on E/W display)

Exhaust gas temperature (EGT)
• Actual EGT
• Normally Green
• Reading remain Green but Pointer pulses in Amber Temp. > 610 °C
• Max EGT
• Amber dot (610 °C)
• Will nor displayed during engine start
• Max possible EGT
• Red strip
• At 635 °C Red line appears
• Disappears after both engines shut down or after maintenance action on MCDU
• During engine start Red tick appears at 590 °C
N1 indication
• Normally used in T/R operation to manage the engine power
• Used as a backup if EPR sensor failure
• Actual N1
• Normally Green
• Pulses Red if reading > 100%
• Pulses Amber if reading > N1 rating limit in N1 mode
• Max possible N1
• Indicated as Red strip
• Appears when 100% exceeded and a Red mark remains at the max value achieved
• Disappears after both engines shut down or after maintenance action on MCDU
N2 indication
• Indicates the HP rot or speed in Green
• If speed > 100% become Red crosses
• Disappears after both engines shut down or after maintenance action on MCDU
• High lighted in gray during start sequence
149
Fuel flow indication
• Indication in Green
• Units on KG/H

EPR
• Actual EPR – Indicates in green
• EPR command arc – Only displayed with A/THR engaged in blue
• EPR TLA – Correspond to T/L position indicated with white circle
• EPR max – When T/L in full fwd provided EPR, in amber index
• REV – Amber when T/R door unlock or unstowed
- Green when T/R fully deployed
• EPR rating limit – Displayed on R/H top of the E/W display with correspond to the limit mode selection
- Computed by FADEC
• EPR limit mode – displayed selected mode in blue
• In flight or on gnd. with engine stopped – mode correspond to the detent of the most advanced T/L
position
• On Gnd. with engine running – What ever the lever position limited to TOGA thrust limit. If Flex mode
selected “FLEX EPR” will be displayed what ever the T/L position between idle and FLEX/MCT

Secondary parameters (displayed on the system display)

• Fuel used
• Oil quantity
• Oil pressure
• Oil temperature
• Vibration
• Oil filter clog
• Fuel filter clog
• Ignition – appears during start sequence instead of nacelle temperature
• Start valve position
• Engine bleed pressure
• Nacelle temperature

N1 sensors
• Comes as a one unit with Qty 4 sensors
• Qty 2 N1 speed sensors, one for each FADEC channels
• Qty 1 N1 speed spare sensor (Only for N1 the sensors)
• Qty 1 EVMU input sensor (trim balance sensor)

Dedicated N2 generator
• Qty 2 output plugs
• One for each FADEC channel (A & B)
• Consist of Qty. 4 windings
• Two windings provides AC voltage to power FADEC channels “A” and “B”
• One provides N2 speed sensing to the FADEC for indication and monitoring and same winding in the
generator provides N2 speed for EVMU monitoring
• Other winding provides engine low speed sensing and indication to the EEC channel “A”
• N2 speed signal is derived from the frequency O/P of dedicated generator

EPR probes
• P2/T2 probe
• Qty 3 electrical connections
• Qty 2 electrical connections to EEC (each channel) for T2 signal
• 115VAC probe heating connection
• One pneumatic P2 signal to EEC
• P4.9 sensors
• Pneumatic sensor provides total pressure of the exhaust gas stream to EEC

EGT thermocouple
• Qty 4 T/C rakes
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Vibration pickup
• Located on the fan area to monitor vibration on fancase (by EVMU) and to indicate on the ECAM

Thrust Reverser
• Controls by EEC via Hydraulic control unit (HCU)
• Each translating cowl operated by Qty 2 hydraulic actuators
• Actuators are synchronize by a flexible cable running in side the hydraulic tube
• Lock out pin can lock the sleeve at Fwd thrust position
• To deactivate T/R, HCU also must be deactivated with the provided safety pin
• When T/R selected, signal sent to EIU and EEC then to T/R via HCU (hydraulic control unit)
• Actuation of T/R
• Each cowl got two hydraulic actuators
• Actuator receives fluid from HCU, controlled by EIU and EEC
• Reverser control
• Throttle control unit sends TLA signal to
• EEC by means of resolvers
• EIU by means of potentiometers, via SECs for EIU inhibition relay closer
• EEC supplies a signal to isolation valve and directional valve located in the HCU to select T/R
deployment and stow sequence
• Supply to the directional valve also depends on the closer of the EIU inhibition relay
• To command the T/R EEC needs “air Gnd. signal, supplied by the LGCIU via the EIU
• When deploy sequence is commanded pressure in the lower actuator releases the locks as the
four actuator position move rearward to deploy the reverser
• REV indication on the ECAM
• Displayed Amber on the middle of the EPR dial when at least one translating cowl unstowed
• If this happens in flight REV flashes for 9 sec and then remain steady
• REV becomes Green when T/R cowl at deployed position
• No indication at stowed position
• Proximity switch (Qty 2 for each engine)
• Located on the lower actuator provides lock position to the EEC(sleeves lock or not)
• Reverser test can be carried out via MCDU
• LVDT sense an uncommanded movement of the T/R from the stowed or deployment and provide reverser
position to EEC (Qty 2 for each engine)
• LVDT located in the upper actuator and proximity switch located in the lower actuator on each cowl
(L/H cowl signals for channel “A” and R/H cowl signals for channel “B”)
• Pressure Switch (Qty 1for each engine located on the HCU)
• Two contacts on each Sw. provides energiesation signal of the isolation valve & hydraulic pressure to
each channel of EEC
• Auto restow
• In forward thrust, if EEC detects any uncommanded movement > 10% from stow it commands an auto
restow of the T/R
• Following auto restow isolation valve in the HCU remain energized for the rest of the flight
• In forward thrust, if EEC detects any uncommanded movement > 15% from stow it commands to
engine to go to idle power
• Auto redeploy
• In reverse thrust if EEC detects any uncommanded movement > 10% from fully deploy it commands
auto redeploy of the T/R
• When auto redeploy initiated to counteract inadvertent stow EEC will command the isolation valve to
close and maintain close until forward thrust has been reselected
• During reverse thrust if EEC detects any uncommanded movement > 22% from full deploy it
commands engine idle power
• Requirements to deploy T/R
• FADEC channel operating with its associated throttle reverse signal
• R/H and L/H MLG compressed signal from LGCIUs
• TLA reverse signal from at lease one SEC

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Oil system
• Dry sump full flow type system
• Major components
• ACOC
• FCOC
• Oil tank

System includes
• Supply circuit
• Tank oil passes through pressure pump and filter to lubricate bearing compartment and angle gear box
• Oil temperature sensor is used for Heat management system
• Oil differential pressure (∆P) switch for monitoring and warning to the flight deck when scavenge pump
is clogged
• If scavenge filter becomes clogged ∆P Sw. send a signal to open bypass vavle
• ECAM activation will be ∆P > 12 psi and Bypass valve opens at 20 psi

• Scavenge circuit
• Qty 6 scavenge pumps sucks oil from Fwd and Aft bearing compartments, angle and main gear box
then return to the tank through scavenge filter
• Oil temperature sensor is used for Heat management system
• Oil differential pressure (∆P) switch for monitoring and warning to the flight deck when scavenge pump
is clogged
• If scavenge filter becomes clogged ∆P Sw. send a signal to open bypass valve
• ECAM activation will be ∆P > 12 psi and Bypass valve opens at 20 psi

• Vent circuit
• Air in the scavenge oil separated in the tank by deaerator and deoiler
• No 4bearing oil goes to deoiler to separate air in the oil through No:4 bearing scavenge valve which
maintains the compartment differential pressure to ensure adequate sealing
• At low engine speed No:4 bearing scavenge valve will be fully open and close to minimum area at high
engine speeds
• Pressure transducer installed on the line monitors No:4 bearing scavenge pressure.
• Separated air will be OVBD

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