A CLOSE STUDY OF AYANAMSA-I

JYOTISHAVIJNANABHASKARA. M. KRISHNAMURTY SASTRY.

The religious and daily rituals of all Hindus depend upon the Nirayana Panchanga.
Our bharatvarsha is Karma Bhoomi. Vedas prescribe our rituals. It is the duty of all Hindus to
perform these duties as laid down by smrutis according to Vedas. Panchanga guides us with the
appropriate and propitious time of action. The compilation of the Panchanga is thus based on
Nirayana system only. Three to four types of Panchangas are at present in vogue in our Nation.
The different values adopted for ayanamsa is the main cause for giving birth to different types
of Panchangas. This sad state is cumulatively felt by all for the last 100 years. The reason for
this unhappy and sad state of affairs is that the Indian astrologers have no unanimous opinion
with regard to the determination of the important factor “ayanamsa”. Secondly they have not
tried to investigate for an acceptable scientific method to determine correct ayanamsa..
The distinguished astronomer, Late Sri Sreepada Venkata Ramana Daivajna Sarma,
Jyotishacharya of Ramachandrapuram, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, investigated
into the various methods for determination of correct ayanamsa and after untiring intensive
research spread over his life-time, Ultimately found out. One correct method and this method is
consistent in applying due correction in Karanarka in the Chayarka, - Karanarka method as
propounded in all the ancient texts like Surya Siddhanta. This correct method is being
presented here-in for consideration by all the scholars interested in the subject.
At present, in our country, Panchanga Karthas adopt ayanamsa value varying between
19 to 240.
0

Method Author Year Ayanams Precission Zero

a Rate Year

1. Ravatha Paksha K.L. Chatre & V.B. Ketkar 1980 AD 190 38’ 50. 27” 574 AD
2. Chaitra Paksha V.B. Ketkar & D.R. Ketkar do 230 34’ 50. 27” 285 AD
3. According to Ayanagati Surya Siddhanta do 220 12’ 54” 499 AD
4. Chayarka Karanarka do do 230 41’ 54” 499 AD
5. B.V. Raman`s method do 220 8’ 50. 27” 395 AD
6. Chayarka corrected Karanarka S.V.D. Sarma do 200 34’ 50. 27” 499 AD

Sri Kero Lakshmana Chatre computed the ayanamsa with Revati nakshatra dhruva. Sri
V.B. Ketkar accepted 1800 for Chitra nakshatra dhruva and calculated the ayanamsa. (He first
accepted) Raivata Pasksha and published his book Jotirganita. The Panchanga karthas in those
days did not accept this Raivata paksha. They suggested for the 220 (between 220and 230)
ayanamsa which is very near to the values given by Graha laghava and Surya Siddhanta.
Therefore, Sri Ketkar had to revise his method and contrive the new theory of Chaitra paksha
suitable to their suggestion (vide Jyotirganita Prasthavana Pages 20-21).

Two methods are given in Surya Siddahanta, one is Ayana Bhagana and the other is
according to Chayarka and Karanarka. Different values are obtained by these two methods.
Some have taken into Consideration near 230 and some others near 220 and by means of the
present ayanagati they have set the zero year at different years. In all these methods there is no
authenticity to calculate ayanamsa from Nakshatra dhruvas. Taking for granted even that
empirical method there is no rule that – Chitra or Revati should alone be preferred. If the
calculations are made with reference to the middle star chitra or the last star Revati, the values
are not comparable with each other. The authors of the ancient texts have said that the values
of dhruvas should not be accepted as such because of the variations in their values. They must
verify the values by observation from time to time and then only accept, other wise the values
of the Nakshatra dhruva cannot be taken.

The Ayanagati of the times of Surya Siddhanta etc, also cannot be accepted because the
values given in those texts were 54” or 60”. As it is found out by direct observation that 500
.27” is the correct value. Thus we have to accept this observed value only but not the values
54” or 60”given earlier.

In the Chayarka – Karanarka paksha. ,the Karanarka according to Surya Siddhanta is

not druksiddha. On account of the fact that there is difference in the length of the sidereal year,
there is difference in Karanarka of Surya Siddhanta. The ayanamsa obtained in this way is not
druksiddha.

Inspiteof all these hurdles, it is proved that the Chayarka Karanarka method is
decidedly the best one. If the difference in Karanarka is corrected from the zero year of
equinoxes, then the Karanarka will be druksiddha. Then the difference of Chayarka and the
corrected Karanarka will be the druksiddha ayanamsa.

Now the doubt arises regarding the acceptance of SS. 42 ! as the zero year 499 AD).
Sri Varaha Mihira” the Sun God Incarnate, clearly stated that the zero year occurred around SS
427 in his time. Hence there is no mistake in agreeing to SS 421 (499 AD) as the zero year.
Here there is one objection. The critics consider the time of Varaha Mihira to be prior to Sali,
Saka. This contention is also unfounded. We have concrete evidence to condemen their
criticism as he was the author of pancha Siddhantika and Brahatsamhia in 427 Sali saka, and
also mentioned the name of the greatest astronomer Aryabhatha. It is well known in the
History of Astonomy that Aryabhata lived in S.S 421. The second odjection is that, while the
critics V.B. Ketkar and others agreeing with the times of Varaha Mihira, still held the view that
there was 30 ayanamsa in his time, quoted Varahamihiras book only as authority. But this
argument is incorrect due to their wrong interpretation of the text.

Now mainly the subject concerning the determination of correct ayanamsa and the
theory of Chaitra Paksha is being analysed below in detail: -

AYANAMSAA BHAVA KALA (ZERO YEAR OF EQUINOXES)

The opinions a bout the Zero year of equinoxes expressed many scholars are at
variance. But the majority agreed with the period 498-570 AD during which the Zero year
occurred. The following details confirm the view.
SS AD
1. K.M. Rangacharyulu (The Hindu 1932-33) 427 505
2. Swamy Kanne Pillai 532
3. M. Vijayaraghavulu 499
4. According to Julian calculation 559
5. Burzes opinion 570
6. Prof. Witney 490
7. Surya Siddhanta, Aryabhata, Jatakaratna, Willam
 Jones, V. Gopala Iyer 499
8. Pancha Siddhantika, Bruhatsamhita 427 505
9. Chidambara Iyer 444 522
10. Bhaswati (Karana Grandha) 528
11. Swamy Kanne Pillai (In other opinion) 520
12. Allen Leo … … 498
13. Max Hindall … … 498
14. K. Subrahmanya Iyer … 499
15. N. Narayana Rao … 498

After a thorough review of the ancient and modern books on the subject, I furnish
below the authentic data. This provides the relevant theoretical basis to arrive at the conclusion
that the zero year is equinoxes must be during the period 490-570 AD only.
SS AD
01) Surya Siddhanta 421 499
02) Brahma Siddhanta 421 499
03) Soma Siddhanta 421 499
04) Laghu Vasistha Siddhanta 421 499
05) Vruddha Vasistha Siddhanta 421 499
06) Grahalaghava 444 522
07) Ganakananda 421 499
08) Tithi Chakra 421 499
09) Karana Kutoohala 444 522
10) Makarananda 421 499
11) Bhaswati 450 528
12) Vivaha Brundavana 444 522
13) Kamalakara (Tatvaviveka) 421 499
14) Jyotirvidabharna 445 523
15) Dhurva manasa 444 522
16) Karana Prakasa 496 574
17) Graha Sadhana Kosthaka 496 574
18) Jyotirganita (Raivata Paksha) 496 574
19) do (Chaitra Paksha) 285

A close study of the above authoritative data confirms that the zero year of equinoxes
took place during 421-427 SS only and not in any other period. The great Scholar Varaha
Mihira lived during that period and studied the precision of equinoxes and decided on the basis
of his direct observation that the year SS 427 as the zero year of equinoxes. He had recorded
his observations in his monumental work Bruhat Samhita in Ravicharadhayaya in stanzas 1 &
2.
The Calendar Reform Committee (Shah Committee) and Sankara Balakrishna Deekshit
in their reports, while quoting the stanza 1, Wantonly chosen to omit the stanza 2, of
Ravicharadhyaya of Bruhat samhita to suit their values and endorsed that 285 AD as the zero
year of equinoxes. The stanza 2 of Bruhatsamhita is not quoted any where in their report. I
consider this as a willful suppression with a view to uphold the chosen theory of Sri V.B.
Ketkar.
 Sri V.B. Ketkar and Sri D.R. Ketkar have written books with a view to propagate their
theory of Chaitra Paksha and determined the Ayanamsa taking chitra Nakshatra dhruva as
1800. Let us now investigate the reasons why Ketkar had taken the chitra nakshatra dhruva at
1800 for determining the Ayanamsa. By SS 1800, the ayanamsas were 220.36``: According to
Grahalaghava and 220 32 according to Surya Siddhanta. Sri Ketkar haD tried to find out the
star, among the twenty seven and its best suited dhruva to incorporate in his calculations to
arrive at a close approximation between the two values of Ayanamasa given in the two
different books and it has to take chitra dhruva at 180. But it is clearly shown in ancient texts
that the chitra Nakshatra dhruva is between 1790-1830. Therefore, there is no authentic
justification to accept Chitra Nakshatra dhruva at 180 only.

Shri Ketkar’s main intention in adopting this procedure is only to arrive at a close
approximation to the Ayanamsa between the values given in the texts, Surya Siddhanta and
Grahalaghava at that time (vide PP 21-22 Jyotirganita Prastavana 1937 AD Edition).

Further he has stated in his book that the length of the Sidereal year exceeds the
observed sidereal year by 8 ½ viliptas (3 min. 24 sec.) and that the Surya Siddhanta, Sun is
druksiddha. The Ayanamsa calculated by those considerations so as to be near to the
Ayanamsa value 220. 32’ is not correct because of the fact that the Surya Siddhanta Nirayana
Madhyama Surya is not druksiddha. So the ayanamsa calculated with the help of that
uncorrected Karanarka is also not correct. If the Surya Siddhanta surya (Karanarka) is
druksiddha, then there is no necessity to create chaitra paksha. Therefore his new theory is not
at all necessary.

If the Surya Siddhanta Nirayana Madhyama Surya is made druksiddha by making the
appropriate correction. Then only the ayanamsa obtained by using this value nearly 220.8”-33”
would be correct.

Sri Ketkar has not adopted the correct procedure (due to following the uncorrected
Karanarka) and therefore his ayanamsa is not druksiddha. Consequently the zero year of
equinoxes obtained from his ayanamsa and fixing it at 285 AD is also wrong.

The Ayanamsas are calculated for the year SS 1867 for all the 27 stars taking the
Nakshatra dhruvas from Surya Siddhanta and are furnished below: -
S :Sayana N : Nirayana
D : Dhruva
1 Aswini 2 Bharani etc. etc.
S I D 33 - 37’ 43” S5D 81 32 43
NID 8 0 0 S5D 63 0 0
------------ ----------------------
25 37 43 18 32 43
------------ ----------------------

S 2 D 46 18 43 S6D 86 20 43
N 2 D 20 0 0 N6D 67 20 0
------------- -----------------------
26 18 43 19 0 43
------------- ----------------------
S 3 D 59 13 43 S7D 112 36 43
N 3 D 37 30 0 N7D 93 0 0
-------------- -----------------------
21 43 43 19 36 43
--------------- -----------------------

S4D 69 9 43 S8D 128 4 43

N4D 49 30 0 N8D 106 0 0
----------------- ---------------------
19 39 43 22 4 43
----------------- ---------------------

S9D 130 14 43 S 19 D 262 40 43

N9D 109 0 0 N 19 D 241 0 0
-------------------- ----------------------
21 14 43 21 40 43
------------------- ----------------------

S 10 D 149 12 43 S 20 D 273 49 43
N 10 D 129 0 0 N 20 D 250 40 0
------------------- ----------------------
20 12 43 23 9 43
------------------- ----------------------

S 11 D 162 46 43 S 21 D 279 32 43
N 11 D 144 0 0 N 21 D 260 0 0
------------------- -----------------------
18 46 43 19 32 43
------------------- -----------------------

S 12 D 170 59 43 S 22 D 291 6 43
N 12 D 147 30 0 N 22 D 280 0 0
------------------- -----------------------
23 29 43 11 6 43
------------------- -----------------------

S 13 D 192 49 43 S 23 D 316 46 43
N 13 D 170 0 0 N 23 D 290 0 0
------------------- ----------------------
22 49 43 26 46 43
------------------- -----------------------

S 14 D 203 12 43 S 24 D 340 33 43
N 14 D 180 0 0 N 24 D 320 0 0
------------------- -----------------------
23 12 43 20 33 43
------------------- -----------------------
S 15 D 203 36 43 S 25 D 352 50 43
N 15 D 199 0 0 N 25 D 326 0 0
------------------- -----------------------
4 36 43 26 50 43
------------------- -----------------------
S 16 D 230 25 43 S 26 D 13 35 43
N 16 D 213 0 0 N 26 D 337 0 0
------------------- -------------------------
17 25 43 36 35 43
------------------- -------------------------

S 17 D 242 33 43 S 27 D 19 13 43
N 17 D 224 0 0 N 27 D 359 50 0
-------------------- -------------------------
18 33 43 19 23 43
-------------------- -------------------------

S 18 D 256 7 43
N 18 D 229 0 0
--------------------
17 7 43
--------------------

From the above information we find that the Chitra Nakshatra Aynamsas are in the
close approximation with the Ayanamsa calculated as per Chayarka and Karanarka method.
Therefore the intention of ketkar was only to uphold the ayanamsa obtaining in his time and
the invention of chaitra paksha is a direct consequence of the same.

The Chaitra Paksha Ayanama given by V.B. Ketkar in not authentic and hence not
acceptable due to the following reasons.
1) There is no textual authority to calculate the Ayanamsa according to Nakshatra
Dhruva.
2) There is no justification to fix chitra nakshatra dhruva at 180 while it is given to be
between 179-183. Ref : table given.
3) There is no written authority to accept the year 285 AD as the zero year of
equinoxes.
4) Knowing fully well that the zero year according to Varaha Mihira was in 499 AD
(SS421) Sri S.B. Dikshit and Sri N.C. Lahiry willfully suppressed the relevant
stanza 2 Bruhat Samhita so as to support the theory Chaitra Paksha as propounded
by Sri V.B. Ketkar which has been proved wrong in the proceeding paragraphs.
5) To arrive at the correct Ayanamsa, the method of Chayarka and Corrected
Karanarka is the only correct method.
6) If the ayanamsa calculated on the basis of any nakshatra dhruva turns out to be a
constant figure then only we are justified in accepting the same. As this ideal
situation will never be realized the chitra paksha theory is baseless.

Now I present an authentic method to arrive at the correct Ayanamsa. In all the
treatises on the subject the method of calculation of Ayanamsa is based on Chayarka.
 and Karanarka. Chayarka is druksiddha while Karanarka is not. Therefore if we are
able to realize karanarka as druksiddha then the difference between these two will be
the druksiddha ayanamsa of universal acceptance. The correct method of calculation of
ayanamsa for the year SS 1877 (1955 AD) is given below :-

Length of the sidereal Year according to Surya Siddhanta 365 d. 15 gh.31 vgh. 30pa

Observed value of the sidereal year 365 d. 15 gh. 23 vgh. 0 p a

----------------------------------
Difference 8 vgh. 30 Para
----------------------------------
= 3 minutes 24 seconds.
Surya Kalantara (motion of the the sun)
(0 59’ 8”) X (3 min, 24 sec.)
---------------------------------------------
24
= 0 0’ 8.4”

Total correction from SS 421 to SS 1877

i.e. 1456 years (499 Ad) (1955 AD)
= (0 0’ 8.4”) X 1456
= 3 23’ 50.4”

Nirayana mean sum on the first day of chaitra 1877 SS 11 7 15’ 41”
Correction 3 23’ 50”
-------------------------------
11 10 39’ 31”
-------------------------------
Sayana Mean sun on the same day : 0 0 56’ 56”
Corrected Nirayana means sun on the same day 11 10 39’ 31”
-------------------------------

0 20 17’ 25’’
------------------------------------

The correct Ayanamsa for the year 1955 (AD) (SS 1877) = 20 17’ 25”
 NIRAYANA NAKSHATRA DHRUVAS

No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Name of Soma V. U. B. G.
Star S.S. B.S. S S P.S M.S P.S. M.B. La-S S.S.

D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M.
A. 1 8– 0 8- 0 8– 0 8- 0 8- 20 12- 0 8- 0 8- 0 8 0-00’ 8 0- 80- 00’
00’
B. 2 20- 0 20- 0 20 - 0 20- 0 20- 0 24-23 27- 00 20- 0 20- 00 20- 00
K. 3 37- 0 37- 0 37 – 0 37 - 0 37- 28 3 8-33 32- 40 36- 0 37- 28 36- 00 37- 28
R. 4 49- 30 49-30 49 – 0 49 - 0 49- 28 47- 33 48- 00 49– 00 49- 28 49- 00 49- 28
M. 5 63- 0 63- 0 63 - 0 63- 0 63- 0 61- 03 62– 00 63- 00 62- 00 63- 00
A. 6 67- 20 67-20 67 -20 75- 0 67- 0 68- 02 70– 00 67- 00 70- 00 67- 00
PU. 7 93– 0 93- 0 93 – 0 93- 0 93- 0 92- 53 88- 0 92– 00 93- 00 92- 00 93- 00
P. 8 106– 0 106- 0 106 - 0 106- 0 106- 0 106- 0 97- 20 105- 00 106-00 105- 00 106- 00
A. 9 109– 0 109- 0 109 –0 109- 0 108 - 0 110- 00 107- 40 114 - 00 108-00 114- 00 108- 00
M. 10 129- 0 129- 0 129- 0 129- 0 129- 0 125- 20 126- 00 128- 30 129-00 128- 00 129- 00
P. 11 144- 0 144- 0 144- 0 144- 0 147- 0 140- 23 141- 00 147-00 139- 20 147- 00
U. 12 147-30 155- 0 155- 0 155- 0 155- 0 150- 23 154- 00 155-00 154- 00 155- 00
H. 13 170- 0 170- 0 170- 0 170- 0 170- 0 174- 03 173- 00 170-00 173- 00 170- 00
C. 14 180- 0 180- 0 180- 0 180- 0 183- 0 182- 50 180- 50 185- 00 183-00 184- 20 183- 00
S. 15 199- 0 199- 0 199- 0 199- 0 199- 0 193- 00 197- 00 199-00 197- 00 199- 00
V. 16 213- 0 213- 0 213- 0 213- 0 212- 5 212- 33 212- 00 212-05 212- 00 212- 05
A. 17 224- 0 224- 0 224- 0 224- 0 224- 5 224- 53 222- 00 224-05 222- 00 224- 05
JYE. 18 229- 0 229- 0 229- 0 229- 0 229- 5 230- 03 228- 00 229-05 228- 00 229- 05
MU. 19 241- 0 241- 0 241- 0 241- 0 244- 0 240- 44 240- 00 241- 00 241-00 241- 00 241- 00
PU. 20 250-40 254- 0 254- 0 254- 0 249- 8 250- 33 0- 00 254- 00 254-00 254- 00 254- 00
U. 21 260- 0 260- 0 260- 0 260- 0 260- 0 260- 23 0- 00 267- 00 260-00 267- 20 260- 00
A. 22 266-40 266-40 267- 0 267- 0 265- 0 263- 00 0- 00 0. 00 265-00 267- 00 265- 00
S. 23 280- 0 280- 0 280- 0 280- 0 278- 0 283- 0 0- 00 285- 00 278-00 281- 30 278- 00
D. 24 290- 0 290- 0 290- 0 290- 0 290- 0 296- 33 0- 00 296- 00 290-00 296- 20 290- 00
S. 25 320- 0 320- 0 320- 0 320- 0 320- 0 319- 33 0- 00 307- 00 320-00 313- 20 320- 00
PB. 26 326- 0 326- 0 326- 0 326- 0 326- 0 335- 53 0- 00 328- 00 326-00 327- 00 326- 00
UB. 27 337- 0 337- 0 337- 0 337- 0 344-10 347- 00 0- 00 345- 00 337-00 335- 20 337- 00
Revati. 28 359-50 359-50 359-50 359-50 360-00 360- 00 0- 00 360- 00 360-00 359- 00 360- 00

1. S. S. (Surya Siddhanta)
2. B. S. (Brahma “ )
3. S. S. (Soma “ )
4. V. V S. (Vruddha Vasistha)
5. P. S. (Bitamaha)
6. M. S. (Maha Siddhanta)
7. P. S. (Pancha Siddhantika)
8. M. B. S. (Maha Bhaskareeya Siddhanta)
9. B. G. (Brahmagupta Siddhanta)
10. La. S. (Lalla “ “ )
11. S. S. (Siddhanta Sekhara)
 No. 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Name of Jyo. G. K. G. G G. S. K.
Star Jyo. A S. S. G. L. S. S. S. D. S. K. R. C. S. S.1867
S.S.B.

D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M. D.M.

A. 1 80- 00 80- 00 80- 51 100-51 90- 45 130-10’-35” 140- 06’ 100- 6’ 33-29-20 11- 59
B. 2 21- 00 20- 00 20- 00 24-59 21- 00 19-45-52 ½ 28- 20 24- 24 46-10-20 24- 35
K. 3 38- 00 37- 28 38- 00 39- 10 35- 15 32-56-27 ½ 40- 07 36- 00 59-13-20 39- 08
R. 4 49- 00 49- 28 49- 00 50- 46 46- 30 52-42-20 49- 55 45- 54 69- 1-20 48- 09
M. 5 62- 00 63- 00 62- 00 64- 34 60- 15 65-52-55 63- 50 59- 54 81-24-20 61- 03
A. 6 66- 00 67- 00 66- 00 64- 12 66- 00 72-28-12 ½ 68- 53 64- 54 86-12-20 65- 50
PU- 7 94- 00 93- 00 94- 00 94- 29 90- 15 92-14-05 93- 21 89- 24 112-28-20 92- 52
P. 8 106- 00 106- 00 106- 00 108- 52 104- 00 105-24-40 108- 51 104- 54 127-56-20 106- 00
A. 9 107- 00 108- 00 107- 00 112- 20 108- 00 111-59-57 ½ 113- 56 109- 48 130- 6-20 109- 59
M- 10 129- 00 129- 00 129-00 130- 08 126-00 125-10-32 ½ 129- 58 126- 00 149- 4-20 129- 00
P. 11 148- 00 147- 00 148- 00 147- 40 143- 30 138-21-07 ½ 143- 32 139- 35 162-38-20 139- 58
U. 12 155- 00 155- 00 155- 00 157- 09 153- 00 158- 7-00 151- 45 147- 48 170-51-20 150- 10
H. 15 170 –00 170- 00 170- 00 168- 15 165- 00 171-17-35 173- 35 169- 36 192-41-20 174- 22
C. 14 183- 00 183- 00 183- 00 183- 08 179- 00 184-28-10 183- 58 180- 00 203- 4-20 180- 48
S. 15 198- 00 199- 00 198- 00 196- 38 193- 00 191- 3-27 ½ 184- 22 180- 24 203-28s20 183- 02
V. 16 212- 00 212- 05 212- 00 210- 36 207- 00 210-49-20 211- 08 207- 12 230-17-20 213- 31
A. 17 224- 00 224- 05 224- 00 222- 18 218- 30 223-59-55 222- 42 218- 42 242-25-20 224- 44
J. 18 230- 00 229- 05 230- 00 229- 07 225- 30 230-35-12 ½ 229- 54 225- 54 245-59-20 230- 07
M. 19 242- 00 241- 00 242- 00 242- 32 240- 40 243-45-47 ½ 243- 00 235- 00 262-32-20 242- 52
P.20 255- 00 254- 00 255- 00 254- 51 250- 00 256-56-22 ½ 254- 42 250- 00 273-41-20 254- 39
U. 21 261- 00 260- 00 261- 00 263- 20 256- 30 276-42-15 262- 47 258- 00 279-24-20 260- 23
A. 22 258- 00 265- 00 258- 00 0- 00 256- 30 280-56-30 0- 00 0- 00 274-40-43 264- 10
S. 23 275- 00 278- 00 275- 00 276- 05 273- 00 291- 7-05 281- 53 277- 54 291-58-20 282- 29
D. 24 280- 00 290- 00 296- 00 287- 56 285- 30 307-17-40 297- 31 293- 30 316-37-20 296- 05
S. 25 320- 00 320- 00 320- 00 321- 51 317- 45 313-52-57 ½ 321- 42 317- 42 340-25-20 319- 51
P. 26 325- 00 326- 00 325- 00 325- 11 322- 00 327- 3-32 ½ 334- 40 330- 42 352-42-20 334- 25
U. 27 337- 00 337- 00 337- 00 342- 24 338- 00 346-49-25 354- 26 350- 30 13-27-20 347- 16
R. 28 360- 00 360- 00 360- 00 360- 05 360- 05 360-00-00 360- 00 359- 18 19- 5-20 -

12. Jyo. A. (Jyotirvida harana) To be continued.

13. S. S. (Siddhanta Siromani)
14. G. L. (Grahalaghava)
15. S. S. (Siddhanta Sangraha)
16. S. D. (Siddhanta Darpana)
17. S. K. (Sarvananda Karana)
18. Jyo. G. R. Jyotirganita _ Raivata)
19. K. G. G. ( c ) Ketakigrahaganita Chaitrapaksha)
20. G. S. K. (Grahasadhana Kosthaka)
21. S. S. B. (Suryasiddhanta Burgess Comentary)

Published by
JYOTISHA VIJNANAKENDRAMU.
RAJAHMUNDRY-1 (A.P.)