OPC1 General Description R13-I (Pweb)

Communication solutions for power utilities
POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS

TYPE OPC-1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Web External version
Rev. 13 - July 2004
DIMAT
Biscaia 383
08027 Barcelona-Spain
Tel.: +34 933 490 700
Fax: +34 933 492 258
Mail to: info@dimat.com
www.dimat.com
1/48
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
INTRODUCTION 4
1 CONSTITUTION OF THE SYSTEM 5

1.1 TYPES OF TERMINALS 5
1.2 OPTIONAL SERVICES 6
2 PARTICULARITIES OF THE SYSTEM 7

2.1 MODULATIONS AND DEMODULATIONS 7
2.2 USE OF THE BASE BAND 13
2.3 USE OF THE PILOT CHANNEL 13
3 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 16
3.1 PROGRAMMING MENU 17
3.2 MONITORING MENU 19
3.3 ALIGNMENT HELP MENU 20
4 CONSTITUTION OF THE TERMINAL 22

4.1 MODULES FOR THE BASIC EQUIPMENT 22
4.2 MODULES FOR OTHER VERSIONS 25
4.3 OPTIONAL MODULES AND SUBMODULES 26
4.4 BUILT-IN EQUIPMENT 28
5 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS 30
5.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 30
5.2 HIGH-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS 32
5.3 AUDIO-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS 33
5.4 OPERATING CONDITIONS 36
5.5 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS 37
5.6 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPUTER 38
6 CONSTRUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS 39
POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 3/48

GENERAL DESCRIPTION Web External version - Rev. 13 (July 2004)
INTRODUCTION
The OPC-1 Power-Line Carrier (PLC) system allows one or two standard 4 kHz channels to
be transmitted over high-voltage lines. The effectively transmitted frequency band of these
channels is situated between 300 Hz and 3850 Hz.
OPC-1 terminals constitute an extremely versatile system, in which the most important
parameters such as transmission frequencies, input and output levels, modulation
percentages and so on can be fully programmed from a standard web browser installed in a
computer connected to the OPC-1 terminal via RS-232C interface. The browser accesses a
web server that stores all the necessaries HTML pages for the configuration of the system.
The web server is installed in the management computer by means of the CD-ROM
supplied with each terminal.
Once the web server is installed, it is not only possible to program all the working
parameters from the web browser, but also to supervise any OPC-1 terminal of a link and
collect information relating to noise level, received pilot level, chronological list of alarms and
events, etc.
Supervision as well as programming from a distance of a terminal can be carried out by

means of the internal 50 Bd channel used to transmit calls and carry out the Automatic Gain
Control (AGC) of the receiver.
The technology used in the design of the OPC-1 is based on microprocessors, on digital
signal processing, and on high-performance filtering by means of active components and
switched-capacity devices. Thanks to the use of the most advanced devices in the process
of signal synthesis, the definition of the transmission and reception frequencies can be
carried out in 1 Hz steps.
The modular construction of the equipment permits its configuration and its characteristics
to be easily adapted to the particular requirements of communication networks.
OPC-1 terminals comply with the International Recommendation IEC 495, regarding PLC
equipment.

1 CONSTITUTION OF THE SYSTEM
The OPC-1 system comprises terminals that offer a wide range of possibilities for PLC
transmission. The terminals can be equipped with a series of options that allow the
equipment to be adapted for the transmission of information required by electricity
companies, as well as for communicating over a power network.
1.1 TYPES OF TERMINALS
The OPC-1 system features terminals of one or two standard 4 kHz channels and can have
an output power of 5 W, 20 W, 40 W or 80 W (PEP), measured at the coaxial-connector
output. This power can be increased, depending on the channel frequency, up to a value
between 150% and 280% for a period of no more than 500 ms in order to transmit a
teleprotection command (overboosting).
Each channel can be used for speech-plus transmission or exclusively for data
transmission. The effectively transmitted frequency band of the channel, which is to say the
available band, extends between 300 Hz and 3850 Hz.
Four models of OPC-1 terminals are available, each with a different output power. These
models are: OPC-105, OPC-120, OPC-140 and OPC-180 the output power of which is 5 W,
20 W, 40 W and 80 W respectively.
The simplest version of each model consists of a single-channel terminal in which the
available band is used for data transmission (D-type channel). In the case of the 40 W
model, for example, the simplest version is the OPC-140D terminal.
Version D constitutes the basic equipment for each model and can be transformed into any
of the other versions of the same model by the simple addition of the corresponding
modules in each case.
The speech-plus terminal (version T) is obtained by including a speech module in the basic
equipment. If on the other hand the two modules necessary for a second channel are
added, the twin-channel terminal is obtained, which permits two data channels to be
established (version DD). The terminals with a speech-plus channel and a data channel
(version TD) and with two speech-plus channels (version TT) are respectively obtained by
adding one or two speech modules to the DD version.

The different models and their corresponding versions are indicated in Table 1.
SINGLE CHANNEL TWIN CHANNEL
D T DD TD TT
5W OPC-105D OPC-105T OPC-105DD OPC-105TD OPC-105TT
20 W OPC-120D OPC-120T OPC-120DD OPC-120TD OPC-120TT
D Data transmission channel

T Speech-plus transmission channel
Table 1 Designation of the different OPC-1 terminals
1.2 OPTIONAL SERVICES
OPC-1 terminals have two types of optional modules; one type permits the facilities of the
terminal to be extended while the other type allows other equipment to be incorporated in
the same terminal.
The number of options that can be included in each terminal depends on the quantity and
type of channels that it has. The number of options can be chosen from among six in a
D-type single-channel terminal and two in a TT-type twin-channel terminal.
The different options for the speech module are the following:
− 4-wire or 2-wire exchange-side telephone termination.
− 2-wire subscriber-side telephone termination.
− Party-line termination.
The optional modules that allow the facilities of the terminal to be extended are the
following:
− Fixed-band VFT-transit filter.
− Programmable amplitude and/or phase equalizer.
− Data input/output module.
The following is the optional equipment that can be incorporated in OPC-1 terminals:
− Teleprotection terminal. Based on digital signal-processing, this terminal comprises a

teleprotection system. Its application is possible in teleprotection systems for blocking,
direct tripping and permissive tripping schemes, as well as in telesignalling systems.

2 PARTICULARITIES OF THE SYSTEM
2.1 MODULATIONS AND DEMODULATIONS
On the transmit side, the OPC-1 terminal carries out the transposition of each 4 kHz channel
to a band of frequencies that extends from 36 kHz to 508 kHz. This transposition is
achieved by means of a triple frequency conversion. The base band can be situated at any
point within the carrier-frequency range with a resolution of 1 Hz, which not only permits the
equipment to be adapted to any channelling of frequencies but also solves special
interference problems by means of the adequate displacement of the band.
The type of modulation used is single side-band with suppressed carrier. This makes
possible the best use of transmit power given that it is all used for user information.
Figure 1 shows the transmission modulation plan for a twin-channel system. In the
single-channel system the modulation process is the same as that of channel 1 and is
represented in Figure 2. The following information describes the frequency-conversion
process carried out in transmission for a twin-channel system, to which is analogous the
process for a single-channel system.
The two first modulations are made at fixed frequencies and the third at a frequency
generated digitally in 1 Hz steps. The first is achieved at a frequency of 12 kHz for channel 1
and at 16 kHz for channel 2. A 12 kHz to 16 kHz band-pass filter in channel 1 and another
of 16 kHz to 20 kHz in channel 2 select the higher band. The pilot signal, centred at
12150 Hz for channel 1 and at 16150 Hz for channel 2, is added to each channel. The
signals are subsequently mixed to obtain the first modulation intermediate frequency (IF)
band that extends from 12 kHz to 20 kHz. The second modulation is accomplished at
768 kHz or 800 kHz, according to whether the band to be transmitted is inverted or erect,
and in both cases, after filtering, a band of 780 kHz to 788 kHz is obtained. Finally the third
modulation, which transposes the band to the desired frequency of between 36 kHz and
508 kHz, is carried out at a programmable frequency, f0, of between 824 kHz and 1288 kHz.
This frequency is generated by the direct digital-synthesis (DDS) technique by means of a
numerically-controlled oscillator (NCO). The band of undesirable frequencies is eliminated
by a low-pass filter with a 508 kHz cutoff frequency.

Figure 1 Transmission modulation plan for a twin-channel system

Figure 2 Transmission modulation plan for a single-channel system

The inverse transposition is carried out in reception and the channels occupy a basic
bandwidth of 4 kHz or 8 kHz according to whether the system is single or twin channel.
Figure 3 shows the reception modulation plan for a twin-channel system. The following
information describes the frequency-conversion process carried out in reception for a
twin-channel system.
The first demodulation is carried out at a frequency generated digitally by the same process
as that indicated in transmission and the second and third demodulations are achieved at
fixed frequencies.
The high-frequency signal that enters the equipment is demodulated by means of a selected
frequency of between 696 kHz and 1160 kHz to obtain, after 652 kHz to 660 kHz band-pass
filtering, the first-demodulation frequency band. The second demodulation is carried out at a
frequency of 672 kHz or 640 kHz according to whether the high-frequency band is inverted
or not. Immediately after, the second-demodulation frequency band is obtained, with a
16 kHz to 20 kHz band-pass filter for channel 1 and a 12 kHz to 16 kHz band-pass filter for
channel 2. The third demodulation is carried out at a different fixed frequency in each
channel, this being at 20 kHz for channel 1 and at 16 kHz for channel 2, and, after filtering in
the 4 kHz band, the signal is recovered in the base band.
The pilot tone for each channel is obtained from the band of second-demodulation
frequencies, where it is centred at 19850 Hz for channel 1 and at 15850 Hz for channel 2.
After crossing the AGC circuit, this band is demodulated by means of a 24 kHz carrier
frequency for channel 1 and a 20 kHz carrier frequency for channel 2. In both cases, and by
means of a narrow-band filter centred at 4150 Hz, the pilot signal is extracted for later use.
In the single-channel system there are two different modulation plans in reception,
Figure 4a) and Figure 4b), depending on the relative positions of the transmission band
and the reception band.
In the case of Figure 4a) the demodulation process is the same as that of channel 1 of a
twin-channel system.
In the case of Figure 4b) the second demodulation is carried out at a frequency of 676 kHz
or 636 kHz, instead of 672 kHz or 640 kHz, according to whether the high-frequency band
is inverted or not. From this point on the process is analogous to that represented in
Figure 4a).
The purpose of these two modulation plans in reception for a single-channel system is to
leave the transmission band out of the pass band of the intermediate-frequency filter.

Figure 3 Reception modulation plan for a twin-channel system

Second-demodulation frequencies of 676 kHz and 636 kHz
b)
Second-demodulation frequencies of 672 kHz and 640 kHz
a)
Figure 4 Reception modulation plans for a single-channel system
2.2 USE OF THE BASE BAND
The available band, extending from 300 Hz to 3850 Hz, can be used for the transmission of
data at high speed, various VF telegraph channels, teleprotection signals (D-type channel)
or for a speech-plus service (T-type channel). Table 2 indicates the maximum number of
standardized channels of 50, 100 and 200 Bd that can be situated in the D-type channel.
ITU-T Recommendation R.35 R.37 R.39 R.38A R.38B
Transmission rate (Bd) 50 100 100 200 200
Separation (Hz) 120 240 170 480 360
Number of channels 29 14 20 7 9
Table 2 Maximum number of channels for a D-type channel
The number of higher-rate FSK channels that can be transmitted in the same band is three
for a transmission rate of 600 Bd (with a separation of 960 Hz) and two for a rate of
1200 Bd.
In the T-type channel, where the available band is shared between speech and data, the
speech band is limited by a frequency lower than 300 Hz and by an upper one that is
programmable between 2000 Hz and 3400 Hz. The superimposed band extends between
1.06 times the cutoff frequency selected for the speech band and 3850 Hz. The maximum
transmission rate that can be obtained in the superimposed band is 1200 Bd when the
speech band is limited to 2000 Hz.
2.3 USE OF THE PILOT CHANNEL
The pilot is situated below the available band, at the virtual frequency of 150 Hz, which
makes all of the band between 300 Hz and 3850 Hz available for the transmission of
information.
The following information describes the different functions performed by the pilot channel.
Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
The equipment supervises at all times and in an independent way the level of the pilot signal
received in each one of the channels. The amplitude of this signal, once digitized, is used to
carry out the automatic gain control of the receiver. Thanks to the use of digital processing
techniques, it is also possible to compensate for a level variation of the receiver outputs,
which is caused by the presence of noise in the pilot channel.

Link synchronization
The synchronization of link terminals is based on a master-slave operation; the configuration

of the equipment as either a master or a slave is defined from the Management System..
When the equipment is configured as a slave, the synchronization circuits compare the
received pilot-tone frequency with the frequency of a reference signal internally generated
by the main oscillator. As a result of this comparison, a control signal is generated that
governs the main oscillator, synchronizing in this way the link. The synchronization circuits
operate constantly as long as dialling impulses are not being transmitted through the pilot
channel; when internal information is being transmitted through the pilot channel, this
transmission is periodically interrupted, thereby allowing the link to continue being
synchronized.
In twin-channel equipment the synchronization is carried out from the pilot signal of
channel 1. If the user wishes to synchronize the link, single or twin channel, one of the
terminals must be configured as a master oscillator and the other as a slave. Figure 5
shows an example of the configuration of the oscillators of a twin-channel terminal linked
with two different single-channel terminals. In this case the twin-channel terminal must
always be configured as a master and the two single-channel terminals as slaves.
Figure 5 Example of synchronism between a twin-channel terminal

and two single-channel terminals
Telephone signalling
Modulating the pilot signal by frequency shifting at a maximum rate of 50 Bd, corresponding
to 25 impulses a second, permits telephone signalling to be transmitted.

Internal data transmission
The supervision of the system is carried out by transmitting data through the internal
communication channel at a rate of 50 Bd. The transmission is interrupted when telephone
signalling appears and is resumed when it has no transitions.
Furthermore, data transmission is periodically interrupted in order to carry out the link
synchronization.
Noise spectral density
The system estimates the noise spectral density from the measurement of the noise power
in the band of the pilot tone. Assuming that this density is constant in the whole 4 kHz
channel, the signal-to-noise ratio is independently calculated for each of the channels.
The value thus determined is compared with pre-set thresholds in order to block the
previously-programmed audio-frequency outputs and to deliver an excess-noise alarm.

3 MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
The OPC-1 terminals of a link are managed from a web browser installed in a PC connected
to one of the terminals via interface RS-232C.
In order for the web browser to configure and supervise any of the parameters of the OPC-1
terminals of a link it is only necessary to install, in the same management PC, the web
server containing all the web pages necessary for the management of the system. The web
server is installed in the management PC by means of the CD-ROM supplied with every
OPC-1 terminal. The CD-ROM also contains an off-line version of the web server for use in
those cases where connection with the terminal is not possible. It allows the configuration of
the terminal to be carried out in the computer, save it as a file and load it in the terminal
when connection is possible.
In order to access the OPC-1 terminal and the web server from the browser a user
password is required. There are two different user passwords defined for two different user
profiles: one as a basic user, that can only display parameters, and the other as an
administrator user, that as well as displaying parameters can also program the OPC-1
terminal.
The service interface of the OPC-1 terminals allows the connection with the management
computer, via RS-232C, to be carried out directly or at a distance via modem as shown in
Figure 6a) and Figure 6b).
When the web server is accessed from the browser, a home page is displayed showing five
main menus. The first menu, Files, controls the flow of information entering and leaving the
Management System. The second, Programming, allows all the operative parameters of the
terminal to be configured and those of its collateral, that is to say, those of the terminal at
the other side of the link. The third menu, Monitoring, allows supervision of the system to be
carried out, whilst the fourth, Alignment help, contains guidelines on alignment and
maintenance. Finally, the fifth menu, About..., gives information on the Management
System.

a) Direct connection
b) Connection via modem
Figure 6 Possible connections between a OPC-1 terminal and a PC
3.1 PROGRAMMING MENU
This menu allows the user to define the identification and configuration of the terminals, the
transmission frequencies, the input and output levels of the signals and their modulation
percentages, and the operating parameters of the optional modules. It also allows alarms to
be assigned to external-signalling relays, the type of output blocking to be defined and so on.
Terminal configuration
OPC-1 terminals are distinguished by means of their serial number. There is also an
additional field where the user can add a supplementary description of up to 49 characters.
Because each of the terminals can be identified, the serial number is indispensable in
supervision and programming from a distance, and in order to assign to each of them the
corresponding programming when this has been stored on a file.
Before programming the operating parameters it is necessary to configure the terminal. The
output power (which can be of 5, 20, 40 or 80 W), the number of channels, their use
(speech-plus or data transmission) and the options incorporated in the equipment are

defined by means of this configuration. The operating mode of the equipment of a link, one
as a master and the other as a slave, must also be configured if the link terminals have to
be synchronized with each other.
Carrier-channel frequencies and bands
The carrier frequency of the desired channel is defined by introducing, from the PC, the
values of the virtual carrier frequency, for transmission and reception, and the type of band,
which can be erect or inverted.
The only manual adjustment required is that of the transmission and reception line filters.
The Management System contains a help menu in which the operations for the adjustment
of these filters are indicated for each channel.
Modulation levels and percentages
The system allows the modulation percentages assigned to each signal as well as their
input and output levels to be defined. This section also defines the power boosting used to
send the teleprotection signal, as well as the signals that must be excluded when it is sent.
Blocking and alarms
The audio-frequency outputs can be blocked because of pilot loss or excessive noise. The
user can for each output define the signal-to-noise ratio for which blocking must be effected
as well as the value of excess noise which causes the external alarm to be activated.
All the alarms of one particular terminal, as well as those of the collateral terminal, are
displayed on the front plate of the power-supply module. This module contains four relays,
three with a simple contact and one with a double contact. To each of these relays can be
assigned, from the programming system, an alarm or combination of alarms for their
external signalling.
Optional modules
All parameters of the optional modules that can be programmed, such as the teleprotection
terminal characteristics, equalizer values and so on, are defined from the PC of the system.
If the equipment incorporates the speech module, the definition must be made of the upper
limit of the corresponding band of frequencies, the use or not of the dynamic
compressor-expander circuit and the configuration of the exchange-side telephone
termination, which can be of two or four wires.

3.2 MONITORING MENU
The monitoring menu allows information to be gained about the state of each terminal of the
link. The corresponding process of compilation and presentation is automatic for some data
while other data have to be requested by the user.
The monitoring of the remote terminal is carried out by transmitting data through the internal
communication channel, which can only take place when the channel is not used for link
synchronization and when there are no transitions in the signalling channel. If signalling
appears while data are being transmitted, this transmission process is interrupted and
resumed again once the sending of telephone signalling has finished.
The information provided by the monitoring system that is related to each terminal is the
following:
− Terminal alarms.
− Chronological list of alarms.
− Chronological list of events.
− Receive pilot level.
− S/N ratio.
Presentation of alarms and events
Ten local-terminal alarms and the same alarms for the remote terminal that are transmitted
automatically through the communication channel are displayed on the front plate of the
power-supply and alarms module. These alarms are:
− Power-supply failure.
− Output amplifier failure.
− Excessive receive level.
− Loss of synchronism.
− Frequency-synthesizer failure.
− Pilot loss in channel 1.
− Pilot loss in channel 2.
− Low S/N ratio in channel 1.
− Low S/N ratio in channel 2.
− Card out.

The appearance and disappearance of these alarms is stored in a register together with the
indication of the date on which and time at which they were produced.
Events related to the link service, such as the activation of teleprotection, the switching on of
the terminal, the modification of the programming and insertion of the telephone handset in
the terminal are also introduced in the same register. The register has a maximum capacity
of one hundred alarms and events; when the limit is reached the events or alarms
introduced at the beginning of the register are eliminated.
State of the system
From the monitoring menu it is possible to consult, from each end of the link, the parameters
programmed in the terminal and the data concerning its present state, such as the level of
the receive pilot, the chronological list of alarms and events and the data regarding the
estimated value of the spectral density of the noise. Starting from these data it is possible to
calculate in the programming terminal the signal-to-noise ratio for different bandwidths,
corresponding to different speech as well as data channels.
3.3 ALIGNMENT HELP MENU
The help menu is provided to facilitate commissioning and alignment operations and system
maintenance. The menu allows the internal clock of the terminal to be set and contains the
procedures for carrying out line-filter adjustments and instructions for making the loops
necessary to check the functioning of the link. It also contains some tables showing the
configuration of the switches of the equipment according to the number of channels and
whether the transmit and receive bands are adjacent or non-adjacent.
Line-filter adjustment
For each transmission channel the help menu indicates the jumpers to be made for the
programming of the central frequency of the line filters in transmission and reception as well
as the adjustment of inductances for the setting of the bandwidth of these filters. This
adjustment is carried out by means of a signal generated by the OPC-1 terminal's own
transmitter.
Control of audio-frequency loops
To control the state of a communication system it is necessary to know the response curve
of each link. The Management System allows the user to obtain this information from one
end of the link by establishing two types of loops at the other end. The first, which has

signal-level regeneration at said end, enables the response curve of the return circuit to be
made known. This is possible thanks to the measurement of the received signal, for which it
is known that the transmission level is constant. The second loop, which does not have
signal-level regeneration, allows the response curve of the looped circuit to be obtained and,
therefore, allows the response curve of the outward circuit to be calculated. The response
curves are obtained by carrying out a channel sweep by means of an external generator.
The help menu indicates how to carry out the operations mentioned.

4 CONSTITUTION OF THE TERMINAL
The OPC-1 terminal consists of one 6 s.u. shelf for mounting in a 19" rack, which contains
all the basic and optional modules of the system, for both the single and twin-channel
versions, with the exception of the power circuits. In the 20 W and 40 W terminals a 3 s.u.
shelf is added that contains a 20 W and 40 W amplifier respectively, the power supply, the
pre-settable line-filter and the hybrid circuit. The 80 W terminal is obtained by adding to the
40 W terminal a second amplifier shelf connected in parallel to the first by means of a
differential transformer.
The 5 W terminal, on the other hand, does not require additional shelves as the amplifier, the
line filter and the hybrid are contained in a single module that is included in the 6 s.u. shelf.
The basic modules, which contain the circuits common to all models and versions,
constitute a total-band single-channel terminal (D-type). To obtain a twin-channel version it
is necessary to add two modules, one with the low-frequency and first modulation circuits
and the other with the low-frequency and third modulation circuits. Each D-type channel can
be converted into a T-type one, for speech-plus transmission, by the addition of a speech
module. It is possible to incorporate up to six optional modules in the D-type terminal and
two in a TT-type.
The following sections give a brief description of the modules that make up the system:
modules for the basic equipment, modules for other versions and optional modules.
4.1 MODULES FOR THE BASIC EQUIPMENT
The modules that constitute the basic equipment of each model of the OPC-1 terminal, that
is to say the terminals with a D-type channel, are divided in two groups - those that are
common to all models and those that are the power modules, which comprise the
amplification stage.
Common modules
FACP.## POWER SUPPLY AND ALARMS
This module includes the circuits for the generation and regulation of the
auxiliary voltages of +24, +12, +12 Aux, +5, –12 and –24 VDC. All the circuits
are galvanically separated and protected against overvoltages. The module

also contains the alarm indicators of the particular terminal as well as the
collateral terminal, and the relays for the external signalling of the alarms.
Module type depends on the input voltage. The following types are available:
FACP.48 Input voltage: 48 VDC.
SYTM.00 HF XMT
This module carries out the second and third modulation in order to transpose
the intermediate frequency band to the desired channel frequency.
PYSD.00 HF RCV
This module comprises the receive-channel filter and the first and
second-demodulation circuits for transposing the received band to the
intermediate frequency.
SFYP.00 SYNTHESIZER, PROGRAMMING AND CONTROL
This module contains the central processing unit and the circuits for the
generation of all the necessary frequencies from a highly stable quartz-crystal
oscillator. It also contains the synchronization, loop control and service-channel
interface circuits.
BFPM.1# AF/IF XMT (channel 1)
This module contains the circuits for the mixing of the signals to be transmitted,
the first modulation and the IF-band filtering of channel 1. It also contains two
600 Ω balanced inputs and the whole-band service-telephony circuits.
Depending on the activation voltage of the external inputs for boosting control
and M-wire signalling (transmission) there are the two following types:
BFPM.10 AF/IF XMT (channel 1) for OPC-1 terminal of 24 VDC and 48 VDC
(18 V to 100 V).
BFPM.11 AF/IF XMT (channel 1) for OPC-1 terminal of 110 VDC (30 V to
190 V).
TDBF.10 IF/AF RCV (channel 1)
This module contains the circuits for the automatic gain control and for the third
demodulation of channel 1. It also contains the circuits for pilot recovery and
noise detection and two 600 Ω balanced outputs.

Power modules
AFLH.05 OUTPUT AMPLIFIER, LINE FILTER AND HF HYBRID
This module contains the 5 W wideband output amplifier, the line filter, the
high-frequency hybrid and the alarm circuits for overload or low
transmitted-signal level. In the 5 W equipment this module is located in the
6 s.u. shelf.
FACA.## POWER SUPPLY
This module includes the circuits for converting the input voltage to the voltage
necessary for the 20 W or 40 W amplifier module. This module is located in
each of the 3 s.u. shelves.
Module type depends on the input voltage. The following types are available:
FACA.48 Input voltage: 48 VDC.
ABAD.20 OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
This module contains the 20 W wideband output amplifier and the alarm
circuits for overload or low transmitted-signal level. In the 20 W equipment this
module is located in the 3 s.u. shelf.
ABAD.40 OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
This module contains the 40 W wideband output amplifier and the alarm
circuits for overload or low transmitted-signal level. This module is located in
the 3 s.u. shelf in the 40 W equipment, and in each of the 3 s.u. shelves in the
80 W equipment.
JFLH.40 LINE FILTER AND HF HYBRID
This is a block which contains the transmit line filter and the high-frequency
hybrid for 20, 40 or 80 W terminals. This module is located in the 3 s.u. shelf.
JFLT.80 LINE FILTER AND DIFFERENTIAL TRANSFORMER
This is a block that contains the transmit-line filter for the second 40 W amplifier
(ABAD.40) and the differential transformer for obtaining the 80 W output power
in the OPC-180 terminals.

4.2 MODULES FOR OTHER VERSIONS
The following modules are those that must be included in the basic equipment to make up
the single-channel terminals with a T-type channel, and twin-channel terminals.
TMOD.## SPEECH
This basic module contains the circuits common to the different speech
options. These circuits, incorporated in the basic module as submodules, are
the following:
− 4/2-wire exchange-side telephone termination.

− 2-wire subscriber-side telephone termination.
− Party-line termination.
The module must contain at least the 4/2-wire exchange-side

telephone-termination submodule or that of the party-line termination (see
Optional submodules in section 4.3).
This module comprises the speech-band transmit and receive filters, the upper
frequency of which can be defined from the PC, and the dynamic
compressor/expander. The speech-band filters are realized with
switched-capacity devices.
The party-line modules and the standard speech modules are separately
identified as follows:
TMOD.#0 Speech with at least 4/2-wire telephone termination, exchange side.
Depending on the activation voltage of the external inputs for the

2W/4W operating-mode switch commands and compandor
inclusion/exclusion commands there are the two following types:
TMOD.00 Speech for OPC-1 terminal of 24 VDC and 48 VDC

(18 V to 100 V).
TMOD.10 Speech for OPC-1 terminal of 110 VDC (30 V

to 190 V).
TMOD.#1 Party line.
Depending on the activation voltage of the external inputs for the

2W/4W switching and M-wire signalling (configurable termination)
there are the two following types:
TMOD.01 Party line for OPC-1 terminal of 24 VDC and 48 VDC

(18 V to 100 V).
TMOD.11 Party line for OPC-1 terminal of 110 VDC (30 V to

190 V).

BFPM.2# AF/IF XMT (channel 2)
This module contains the circuits for the mixing of the signals to be transmitted,
the first modulation and the IF-band filtering of channel 2. It also contains two
600 Ω balanced inputs and the whole-band service-speech circuits.
Depending on the activation voltage of the external inputs for boosting control
and M-wire signalling (transmission) there are the two following types:
BFPM.20 AF/IF XMT (channel 2) for OPC-1 terminal of 24 VDC and 48 VDC
(18 V to 100 V).
BFPM.21 AF/IF XMT (channel 2) for OPC-1 terminal of 110 VDC (30 V to
190 V).
TDBF.20 IF/AF RCV (channel 2)
This module contains the circuits for the automatic gain control and for the third
demodulation of channel 2. It also contains the circuits for pilot recovery and
noise detection and two 600 Ω balanced outputs.
4.3 OPTIONAL MODULES AND SUBMODULES
In addition to modules, it is also possible to incorporate submodules in OPC-1 terminals.

These submodules are housed within modules, as detailed in the following:
Optional submodules
KTTL.00 4/2-wire exchange-side telephone termination
This is a submodule that can be plugged into the TMOD.#0 module that
contains the interconnection circuit for implementing a 4/2-wire exchange-side
telephone termination.
KTLT.00 2-wire subscriber-side telephone termination
This is a submodule that can be plugged into the TMOD.#0 and TMOD.#1
modules, which is used together with the KAGT.00 submodule, that contains
the telephone hybrid and the subscriber circuits.
The termination permits the connection of telephone apparatus with decadic as

well as multifrequency dialling without the user first having to carry out previous
programming.
Up to two terminations of this type can be connected, each one supporting up

to four telephones in parallel.

KAGT.00 Power supply and ring-current generator
This submodule, which can be plugged into the TMOD.#0 and TMOD.#1
modules and used together with the KTLT.00 submodule, comprises the
ring-current generator necessary in the subscriber-side termination.
KMCC.00 Switching matrix and control
This submodule, which can be plugged into the TMOD.#1 module, contains the
circuits necessary for the realization of the party-line such as: the switching
matrix, the microcontroller, the multifrequency detectors, the tone generators,
and so on. The type of signalling can be selected by the user, by means of
programming, in accordance with the following operating criteria:
− Continuous E and M signalling,

− DTMF signalling.
Optional modules
EYSD.00 INPUT/OUTPUT COMBINER
The EYSD module has four inputs and four outputs that are all decoupled by
transformer, and two inputs and two outputs for signals coming from the
low-frequency buses of each of the channels of the OPC-1 terminal. It is
therefore possible, by programming the module, to effect any combination in
the connection of six inputs and four outputs or of four inputs and six outputs.
As it is not possible to connect the AF reception and transmission buses of the
OPC-1 terminal to each other, the combination of six inputs and six outputs is
not permitted.
ECAF.00 PROGRAMMABLE EQUALIZER
The basic module can contain a maximum of four submodules, each one of
which includes a three-cell amplitude or phase equalizer. Depending on the
type and on the number of submodules it comprises, the module can be
configured as an amplitude equalizer, a phase equalizer or an amplitude and
phase equalizer for one or two channels.
FTRT.## VFT-TRANSIT FILTER
Audio-frequency signal filter and amplifier with phase equalizer. It is used to

select a determinate band and to carry out the transit towards other
communication channels.
It includes a transformer-decoupled output with programmable level.

There are various models, the bandwidths of which are different, such as:
FTRT.00 Bandwidth: 2150 Hz to 3850 Hz

Filters with other cutoff frequencies can be supplied on request.
TPSU.00 6 s.u. extension card.
4.4 BUILT-IN EQUIPMENT
There exist in the form of built-in equipment two teleprotection terminals, based on the use
of digital signal processing.
Three-command teleprotection terminal
The terminal can be constituted by either one or two different modules according to user
requirements. For the transmission of one command, the terminal should be equipped with the
TPCA.01 module only. If it is necessary to transmit two or three commands, either
simultaneously or not, the terminal should be equipped with two modules, the TPCA.01 and
the TPCB.01. Each of the commands is identified by a letter, which could be A, B and C.
TPCA.01 Teleprotection that can be configured for one command.
This module contains the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which generates the
guard and command tones and implements a bank of filters for the reception of
commands.
An auxiliary microcontroller makes decisions when commands are received,

manages the inputs and outputs, supervises the link and executes the
automatic and manual tests.
This module also contains the input and output circuits and the corresponding
counters for transmitted and received commands associated with the A
command.
TPCB.01 Teleprotection that can be configured for two additional commands.
This module contains the necessary input and output circuits and the
corresponding counters for transmitted and received commands associated
with the B and C commands.

Four-command teleprotection terminal
The terminal can be constituted by either one or two different modules according to user
requirements. For the transmission of one or two commands, the terminal should be
equipped with the TPMA.01 module only. Should it be necessary to transmit from three to
four commands the terminal should be equipped with two modules, the TPMA.01 and the
TPCC.01. Each of the commands is identified by a letter, these being A, B, C and D.
TPMA.01 Teleprotection that can be configured for one or two commands.
This module contains the Digital Signal Processor (DSP), which generates the
guard and command tones and implements a bank of filters for the reception of
commands.
An auxiliary microcontroller makes decisions when commands are received,

manages the inputs and outputs, supervises the link and executes the
automatic and manual tests.
It also contains two command-input circuits and two command-output circuits.
Furthermore, the module contains the signalling elements associated to the

transmission and reception of commands A and B as well as the counters for
transmitted and received A and B commands.
TPCC.01 Teleprotection that can be configured for two additional commands.
This module contains two command-input circuits and two command-output

circuits.
It also contains the signalling elements associated to the transmission and

reception of commands C and D as well as the counters for transmitted and
received C and D commands.

5 TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS
5.1 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Operation mode
Modulation Single side-band with suppressed carrier and

triple frequency conversion
Synchronization By master-slave operation or Plesiochronous

(no synchronization)
Basic bandwidth 4 kHz per channel
Pilot tone
Functions - Automatic Gain Control (independent for each

channel).
- Telephone signalling.
- Signal-to-noise ratio measurement.
- Link synchronization (selectable).
- Data transmission for the maintenance
service (internal data)
Central frequency 150 Hz (virtual frequency)
Modulation By frequency-shift keying of ±30 Hz
Maximum rate 50 bit/s
Generation of internal frequencies From a single 15.36 MHz quartz-crystal

oscillator
Frequency stability within

specified temperature and
voltage ranges ±1ppm
Ageing <1ppm/year

Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
Dynamics ≥55 dB with 10% pilot modulation
Efficiency ±20 dB input level variations provoke variations

of less than ±0.2 dB at the output
Alarms - Power-supply failure.

- Output amplifier failure.
- Excessive receive level.
- Loss of synchronism.
- Frequency-synthesizer failure.
- Pilot loss in channel 1.
- Pilot loss in channel 2.
- Low S/N ratio in channel 1.
- Low S/N ratio in channel 2.
- Card out.
These alarms are sent to the other end of the

link and displayed and made available through
the RS-232C interface in both local and remote
terminals. In addition, each of these alarms can
be assigned to one or more of the output relays.
There are four output relays available, three
with one voltage-free changeover contact and
the fourth with two
Alarm relays Contact rating: 250V/2A
Test loops Possibility of effecting HF and audio-frequency

test loops
Management System interface RS-232C. Transmission rate: 300, 600, 1200,

2400, 4800 and 9600 bit/s selectable by the
user (initially 9600 bit/s)

5.2 HIGH-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
Carrier-frequency range From 36 kHz to 508 kHz
Nominal carrier frequency Programmable in 1 Hz steps
Transmit and receive band Erect or inverted, adjacent or non-adjacent
Nominal impedance Selectable between 50, 75, 125 and 140 Ω.

Other values on request
Return loss ≥11 dB
Transmitter
Peak envelope power OPC-105: 5 W

over resistive load OPC-120: 20 W
OPC-140: 40 W
OPC-180: 80 W
Spurious emission In accordance with IEC 495 cls. 5.2.4 and

figures 7 and A.2
Receiver
Sensitivity Minimum pilot level for AGC threshold: -30 dBm
Selectivity Higher than 65 dB at 300 Hz, and higher than

75 dB starting from 4 kHz; in accordance with
IEC 495 cls. 5.3.1.5
Tapping loss In accordance with IEC 495, figure 5

Frequency separation for parallel

connection on the same line
Between transmitter and

receiver of the same equipment ≥0 kHz
Between transmitters of
adjacent equipment ≥8 kHz
Between transmitter and

receiver of adjacent equipment ≥4 kHz
Between receivers of adjacent

equipment ≥0 kHz
5.3 AUDIO-FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS
Available band From 300 Hz to 3850 Hz
Whole-band inputs Balanced
Nominal impedance 600 Ω
Nominal level Programmable between –20 dBm and +6 dBm
Limiter action In accordance with IEC 495 cls. 5.3.1.9
Whole-band outputs Balanced
Blocking For pilot loss and/or low S/N ratio with an

independent threshold value for each output
Link amplitude distortion See Figure 7
Link group-delay distortion See Figure 8

Figure 7 Amplitude distortion
Figure 8 Group-delay distortion

E and M signalling
Transmission By means of optocoupler. Input voltage

between:
18 V and 100 V for OPC-1 of 24 VDC and 48 VDC.
30 V and 190 V for OPC-1 of 110 VDC
Reception By means of relay. Contact rating: 1A/250V
Pulse distortion of
telephone signalling ≤10%
Teleprotection input Any whole-band input can be used for the

transmission of a teleprotection signal, and can
be programmed with a modulation percentage
of between 10% and 100% in the command
signal
Boosting control By means of optocoupler. Input voltage

between:
Speech module
4-w input Balanced

4-w output Balanced

2-w telephone termination Subscriber-side and exchange-side by means

of plug-in submodules
Nominal level of input Programmable between –20 dBm and +8 dBm
Nominal level of output Programmable between –20 dBm and +8 dBm

2w/4w switching
Operation By external command. Included or excluded in

rest conditions
External command By means of optocoupler. Input voltage between:
Speech-filter cutoff frequency Programmable between 2000 Hz and 3400 Hz
Superimposed band Between 1.06 times the speech-filter cutoff

frequency and 3850 Hz
Dynamic compressor/expander In accordance with ITU-T

Recommendation G.162
Operation By external command. Included or excluded in

rest conditions
External command By means of optocoupler. Input voltage between:
5.4 OPERATING CONDITIONS
Temperature and humidity From –5 °C to +45 °C and relative humidity not

greater than 95%, in accordance with
IEC 721-3-3 class 3K5 (climatogram 3K5)
Maximum temperature +55 °C for a period no greater than 24 hours

(IEC 495 cls 3.1)
Power supply 48 VDC ±20% by means of DC/DC converter.

24 VDC ±20% by means of DC/DC converter.
110 VDC ±20% by means of DC/DC converter.
Others on request
Maximum consumption OPC-105: 100 W

OPC-120: 160 W
OPC-140: 210 W
OPC-180: 360 W

Insulation, voltage withstand and In accordance with IEC 495 tables 2 and 3:
electromagnetic compatibility - IEC 255-4 class II and class III
- IEC 255-5
- IEC 255-22-1 class II and class III
- IEC 801-2 class III
- IEC 801-3
- IEC 801-4 level 3
Storage conditions In accordance with IEC 721-3-1, class 1K5
5.5 MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Dimensions
OPC-105 482 x 266 x 324 mm (one 19"/6 s.u. shelf)
OPC-120 482 x 400 x 324 mm (one 19"/6 s.u. shelf and

one 19"/3 s.u. shelf)

one 19"/3 s.u. shelf)

two 19"/3 s.u. shelves)
Weight
OPC-105 14 kg
OPC-120 21 kg
OPC-140 21 kg
OPC-180 28 kg

5.6 CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPUTER
Type Compatible personal computer (PC)
Model Pentium II 350 MHz processor or higher
RAM memory 64 Mbytes
Graphic adapter 1 Mbyte SVGA
Communication RS-232C serial port
Additional hardware CD-ROM unit and a mouse
Operating system Microsoft Windows 98 SE, Microsoft

Windows 2000 or Microsoft Windows XP
Web browser Microsoft Internet Explorer v 5.5 or higher

6 CONSTRUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS
OPC-1 terminals are made up of plug-in modules housed in shelves for mounting in 19"
racks.
Of the four available models of the OPC-1 terminal, the OPC-105 is constituted by a 6 s.u.
shelf, the OPC-120 and OPC-140 by one 6 s.u. shelf and another of 3 s.u. and the OPC-180
by one 6 s.u. shelf and two of 3 s.u. Figure 9 shows the arrangement and dimensions in
standard units of height of the different models of the OPC-1. The general dimensions of
each of the models as well as those of the fixing holes used to fix the shelves into the
cabinets are indicated in the figures at the end of this manual.
Figure 9 Arrangement and dimensions of different models of the OPC-1

The connection of the modules in each shelf is achieved by means of a multi-layer

printed-circuit base board.
The back panel of the 6 s.u. shelf contains the connectors for the input and output of
signals. Each connector is assigned, by means of a cable, to a terminal block, with
disconnect devices, in order to make external connections. The connection between the 6
and 3 s.u. shelves is made by means of a multi-layer printed-circuit board.
The alarm and signalling indicators, control elements such as switches, the telephone
handset connector and the measurement points to ease alignment, maintenance and
fault-finding operations are situated on the front plates of the modules.
The equipment can be housed in either type RD-40 free-standing metal cabinets or in wall
cabinets, in which the aforementioned terminal blocks are mounted. The general
dimensions and construction of the terminal blocks for cabinet mounting are shown in the
figures at the end of this manual.

Figure 10 OPC-105 simplified block diagram
Figure 11 OPC-120/OPC-140 simplified block diagram
Figure 12 OPC-105D frontal view
Figure 13 OPC-120D/OPC-140D frontal view
Figure 14 OPC-120T/OPC-140T frontal view
Figure 15 OPC-120DD/OPC-140DD frontal view
Figure 16 OPC-120TD/OPC-140TD frontal view
Figure 17 OPC-120TT/OPC-140TT frontal view

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Communication solutions for power utilities

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS

Rev. 13 - July 2004

1 CONSTITUTION OF THE SYSTEM 5

2 PARTICULARITIES OF THE SYSTEM 7

4 CONSTITUTION OF THE TERMINAL 22

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 3/48

Supervision as well as programming from a distance of a terminal can be carried out by

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 4/48

1 CONSTITUTION OF THE SYSTEM

1.1 TYPES OF TERMINALS

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 5/48

SINGLE CHANNEL TWIN CHANNEL

20 W OPC-120D OPC-120T OPC-120DD OPC-120TD OPC-120TT

40 W OPC-140D OPC-140T OPC-140DD OPC-140TD OPC-140TT

80 W OPC-180D OPC-180T OPC-180DD OPC-180TD OPC-180TT

D Data transmission channel

Table 1 Designation of the different OPC-1 terminals

1.2 OPTIONAL SERVICES

− 4-wire or 2-wire exchange-side telephone termination.

− 2-wire subscriber-side telephone termination.

− Fixed-band VFT-transit filter.

− Programmable amplitude and/or phase equalizer.

− Data input/output module.

− Teleprotection terminal. Based on digital signal-processing, this terminal comprises a

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 6/48

2 PARTICULARITIES OF THE SYSTEM

2.1 MODULATIONS AND DEMODULATIONS

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 7/48

Figure 1 Transmission modulation plan for a twin-channel system

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 8/48

Figure 2 Transmission modulation plan for a single-channel system

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 9/48

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 10/48

Figure 3 Reception modulation plan for a twin-channel system

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 11/48

2.2 USE OF THE BASE BAND

ITU-T Recommendation R.35 R.37 R.39 R.38A R.38B

Transmission rate (Bd) 50 100 100 200 200

Separation (Hz) 120 240 170 480 360

Table 2 Maximum number of channels for a D-type channel

2.3 USE OF THE PILOT CHANNEL

Automatic Gain Control (AGC)

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 13/48

The synchronization of link terminals is based on a master-slave operation; the configuration

Figure 5 Example of synchronism between a twin-channel terminal

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 14/48

Internal data transmission

Noise spectral density

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 15/48

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 16/48

b) Connection via modem

Figure 6 Possible connections between a OPC-1 terminal and a PC

3.1 PROGRAMMING MENU

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 17/48

Carrier-channel frequencies and bands

Modulation levels and percentages

Blocking and alarms

POWER-LINE CARRIER SYSTEMS TYPE OPC-1 18/48

3.2 MONITORING MENU

− Chronological list of alarms.

− Chronological list of events.

− Receive pilot level.

Presentation of alarms and events