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Police - one of the pillars of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of
maintaining law and order and combating crime within the society.
- comes from Latin "politia"-civil administration which itself derives from the ancient Greek
police "city".
Police Organization - a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged
in the achievement of goals and objectives that promotes the maintenance of peace and order,
protection of life and property, enforcement of the laws and the prevention of crimes.
Law Enforcement Agency - pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws.
Objectives - refer to the purpose by which the organization was created. Refer to the goals of the
organization.
Supervision - means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the organization to
ensure that desired results are achieved.
Management - the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in formal groups
in order to achieve objectives. Judicious or wise use of resources (manpower,
material,money,equipment,
Hierarchy - represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given
organization. Serves as the framework for the flow of authority downward and obedience upward,
through the department.
Authority - the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower positions within an
organizational hierarchy. Must be viewed in terms of prescribed roles rather than of individuals.
A particular position within the organization. Carries the same regardless of who occupies that
position.
Management/Administrative Functions
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Directing
4. Controlling
5. staffing
6. Reporting
7. Budgeting
responsibility.
flow of authority.
Organizational Units in the Police Organization
1. Functional Units
2. Territorial Units
route or post.
POLICE – French word which was later adopted by the English language
the people.
2. CONTINENTAL THEORY
higher authorities
1. OLD CONCEPT
suppressive machinery
2. MODERN CONCEPT
of crimes
1. KIN POLICING
vengeance
2. EGYPT
thieves
3. ROME
policing
4. ENGLAND
b) PARISH CONSTABLES
gates
would stop what they were doing and come to the aid
of the constable.
1) ENGLAND
Service.
London
1631.
AUGUST VOLLMER - recognized as the Father of Modern Law Enforcement for his contributions in the
development of the field of criminal justice in the US
Brig.Gen. Rafael Crame - the first Filipino Chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917.
Col. Antonio Torres - the first Filipino Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department in 1935.
Col. Lambert Javalera - the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine
Independence from the United States of America in 1946
Dir.Gen. Cesar Nazareno - the first chief of the Philippine National Police.
HIGHLIGHTS OF RA 6975 – THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT OF
1990, RA 8551 – THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION ACT OF
GOVERNMENT (DILG)
1) provincial governors
6975
President
thereof;
functions.
coordination
trustworthy PNP”
uniformed members;
benefits;
in connection therewith;
personnel;
irregularities.
COMPOSITION OF NAPOLCOM
1. One chairperson
Note:
police or military
shall be a woman
NAPOLCOM
1901 - ACT no. 175 of the Philippine Commission established the Philippine constabulary on august 8,
1901.
1905 - the Philippine constabulary school was established at the sta.lucia barracks in Intramuros on
February 17, 1905.
1916 - the Philippine constabulary school was renamed academy for officers of the Philippine
constabulary.
1917 - on December 17, 1917, Brigadier General Rafael Crame from Rizal Province, became the first
Filipino chief of the Philippine constabulary.
1926 - the academy for officers of the Philippine constabulary was renamed Philippine Constabulary
Academy.
1936 - the Philippine Constabulary Academy became the present day Philippine Military Academy.
1938 - The Philippine Constabulary became the existing and organized national police force of the
country pursuant to commonwealth act no. 343 dated June 23, 1938 and EO no. 389 dated December
23, 1950. This decree integrated local police forces into the Philippines constabulary operational and
organizational set up.
1966 - congress enacted RA no. 4864, the police act of 1966. This law also created the Police
Commission (POLCOM).
1975 - PD 765 was enacted. This law is called the Police Integration Law of 1975. The Integrated
National Police was established with the Philippine Constabulary as nucleus under the Department of
national Defense. The NAPOLCOM, originally under the office of the President was transferred to the
Ministry of National defense.
1985 - The National Police Commission was returned to the office of the President pursuant to E.O
1040.
1989 - Executive order 379 placed the Integrated national Police directly under the command,
supervision and control of the President. This order vested the NAPOLCOM with the powers of
administrative control and supervision over the Integrated National Police.
1990 - RA 6975 was passed on December 13, 1990 establishing the Philippine National Police under a
reorganized Department of the Interior and Local Government (DILG). A new National Police
Commission was created under the DILG.
1998 - congress passed into law RA no. 8551 on February 25, 1998, otherwise known as the Philippine
National Police reform and reorganization act of 1998. This act strengthened and expanded
NAPOLCOM,s authority over the PNP to include administration of police entrance examination and
conduct pre-charge investigation against police anomalies and irregularities and summary dismissal of
erring police members.
2. STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
functions
3. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
organization
1. OPERATIONAL UNITS
control,
2. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
training.
3. SERVICE UNITS
management,supplies.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
the organization
1. LINE
2. FUNCTIONAL
departments
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
1. AUTHORITY
particular organization
2. MUTUAL COOPERATION
4. DISCIPLINE
1. UNITY OF COMMAND
orders
2. SPAN OF CONTROL
c) Complexity of task
3. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
4. HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY
subordinates
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority
department
organization
5. SPECIALIZATION
6. CHAIN OF COMMAND
7. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
control.
Ancient Roots
The forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay chieftains to select
Spanish Period
Carabineros de Seguridad Publica – organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying the regulations
and considered as the mounted police; years after, this kind of police organization discharged the
duties of a port, harbor and river police.
Guardrilleros/Cuardillo – this was a body of rural police by the Royal Decree of 18 January 1836, this
decree provided that 5% of the
able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in this police organization for
three years
Guardia Civil – this was created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on 12 February 1852
to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of
American Period
Police Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No 70of the Taft Commission. This has become
the basis for the
Henry T. Allen - Captain of the 6th US cavalry, a graduate of West Point class 1882. Father of the
Philippine Constabulary.The first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901.
ACT NO 183 - created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901.
Act No 255 – the act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into Philippine Constabulary,
Executive Order 389 – ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four services
Post-American Period
RA 4864 – otherwise known as the Police Professionalization Act of 1966, enacted on September 8,
1966; created the Police Commission
(POLCOM) as a supervisory agency to oversee the
police forces under the Office of the President; later POLCOM was renamed into National Police
Commission (NAPOLCOM).
Defense
Executive Order No 1012 – transferred to the city and municipal government the operational
supervision and direction over all INP units assigned within their locality; issued on July 10, 1985
Executive Order No 1040 – transferred the administrative control and supervision of the INP
RA 6975 – otherwise known as the Department of the Interior and Local Government Act of 1990,
RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act
RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum educational
- An Act extending for five (5) years the reglementary period for complying with the minimum
educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system
thereof,amending for the purpose pertinent provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 and for other
purposes.