Given Data

Two-span continuousbox girder bridge

Span 1 L1 = 24390 mm

.
at
30480 mm

ev
Span 2 L2 =

El
Total superstructureW = 10800 mm
Roadway width = WR = 9730 mm
Wearing suracing = Dw = 75 mm Side Span 2340 mm
Density of wearing sρw = 2250 kg/m3 Inclined 690 mm
concrete density ρc = 2400 kg/m3 overhangi 920 mm
concrete strength ƒ c′ = 28 MPa inc. thick 260 mm
Ec = 26750 MPa
Steel Strength ƒy = 420 MPa 180
Es = 200000 MPa
Central Lateral Spanc 2900 mm
Web thickness (vertBwv 205 mm > then 200mm
Web thickness (IncliBwi 260 mm
Fillet in Box F 100 mm
Overhanging porton 1065 mm
Design Depth (Deck Slab) tTop 210 mm
Bottom flange depth = Tbot = 170 mm
MPF = m = 1
Wearing surface area 729750 mm^2
Inc. angle 63.47 Bar No 36
sin Ø = 0.894 32
X-Sec. Area 4938522 mm^2

Requirements

Design flexural and shear reinforcements for an exterior girder based on

AASHTO-LRFD (1994)
Design flexural and shear reinforcements for an exterior girder based on
AASHTO-LRFD (1994)

1) Selection of dimension
Try following Dimensions

Overall Structural Thickness, h = 0.055*Span(L)(Table9.4)

1676 mm (Larger of L1 or L2)
Effectve length =S= c-Bwv (fig.9.13) 2695 mm
210 mm
Check 129.75 mm OK
(AASHTO 5.14.1.3)
12.83 mm OK
(AASHTO 9.7.2.4)

162.1875

Bottom flange depth = Tbot = 170 mm

Checks on BF OK ASSUMED
OK Should be larger then
1) 140 mm

2)
Deck slab reinforcement:
Using Emperical Method shown in Figure 9.14

2) Calculate Design Loads

The controlling load case is assumed to be Strength Limit State I.
Permanent load:
It is assumed that the self-weight of the box girder and the
future wearing surface are equally distributed to each girder.
The weight of the barrier rails is, however, distributed
to the exterior girders only.
Dead load of box girder = 116.15 N/mm
Dead load of the concrete 11.3 N/mm
Dead load of the future w 16.09 N/mm
 Live loads:
i. Vehicle live loads:
A standard design truck (AASHTO 3.6.1.2.2),
a standard design tandem (AASHTO 3.6.1.2.3), and
the design lane load (AASHTO 3.6.1.2.4) are used
to compute the extreme force effects.
ii. Multiple presence factors (AASHTO 3.6.1.1.2 and AASHTO Tab
No. of traffic lanes = 2
MPF = m = 1
iii. Dynamic load allowance (AASHTO 3.6.2.1 and AA
IM = 15% for Fatgue and Fracture Limit State
IM = 33% for Other Limit States
overhang p 1065 mm
L1 = 24390 mm
t Top 210 mm L2 = 30480 mm
bW 205 mm Tbot = 170 mm
C 2900 mm

3963 mm

2725 mm
2900

3 ) Flexural Design
a. Determine the effective flange width (Section 9.4.6):
Effectve compression flange for posit
Span 1:
For interior girder = BtopI 2725 mm
For Exterior girder = BtopE 2427 mm

1981 mm

1362.5 mm
1065 mm

Span 2:
Same as of Span 1
 4953 mm
2245 mm

2900

Effectve compression flange for Negatve moments

Span 1:
For interior girder = BtopI 2245 mm

For Exterior girder = BtopE 1267 mm

2476 mm
1122 mm

145

Span 2:
Same as of Span 1

4 ) Required Flexular Reinforcement

ƒ c′ = 28 MPa
ƒy = 420 MPa

ρ min > 0.03(fc/fy) 0.002

Ag (for exterior girder) 1144225.9812 mm^2
As (for exterior girder) 2288.5 mm^2 2500 mm^2

The required and provided reinforcements for

sectons located at ¹⁄₁₀ of each span interval and
the face of the bent cap are listed in Table 9.10.

L1 = 24390 mm
Bar No 36 mm
5 ) Reinforcement layout: 32 mm

Reinforcement cutoff (Section 9.4.7): 1676

The extended length at cutoff for positve 540
1219

moment reinforcement, No. 36, is the largest of

From Table 9.6, the stagger lengths for No. 36 and No. 32 bars are
Ld for No. 36 Bar= 1600 mm
Ld for No. 32 Bar= 1300 mm

h= 1676 mm

The extended length at cutoff for 1676 mm

negatve moment reinforcement, 480 mm
No. 32, is the largest of 1524 mm

L1 = 24390 mm
L2 = 30480 mm

Govern from Span 1

Negatve moment reinforcements, in 1676
additon to the above requirement for bar cutoff, 384
The extended length beyond the inflecton point 1524
has to be the largest of the following: 1905

Govern from Span 2

Reinforcement distribution (Section 9.4.2):

2743 mm

BtopE = 2427 mm
For Exterior girder = BtopE 2427 < 2743
ok
All tensile reinforcements should be distributed within the effectve tension flange width.
 Side reinforcements in the web, Eq. (9.

Ask > 0.866 mm^2/mm of height

Ask < 11 mm^2/mm of height
Ask 216.25 mm^2

6 ) Shear Design
From Table 9.9, it is apparent that the maximum shear demand is located at th
near Bent 2 in Span 2.
a) Determine the critical section near Bent 2
ƒ c′ = 28 Mpa
ƒy = 420 Mpa
de 1676 mm
As = 11466 mm^2
b= 1268 mm

a= 159 mm
dv = 1596.5 mm 1596.5

1508.4

1206.72

The critcal secton is at a distance of dv from the face of the support,

i.e distance Between centerline of Bent 2 and
the critcal secton = 2196.5 mm

b) At the above section, find Mu and Vu, using interpolation from Tables 9.

Mu = 4853.3 kN.m
Vu = 1437.3 kN
v 3.85 Mpa

= 0.137 Ok
c) Determine θ and β, and required shear reinforcement sp
Try
θ 37.5 ∘
Cot θ 1.544
As = 11466 mm^2
Ec 200 Gpa

єx 0.0018095
where Mu is the factored moment demand
From Figure 9.6, we obtain , which agrees with the assumpton.
Use θ = 37.5°, β = 1.4, from Eq. (9.25)

Calculate the required transverse web reinforcement strength, Vs:

ƒ c′ = 28 Mpa
Bwi = 260 mm

Vs = 1341.8 kN
where Vc is the nominal concrete shear resistance.

ƒy = 420 Mpa

Use No. 16 rebars (Area) = 199 mm^2

S < ### mm
dv 1596.5 mm
d) Determine the maximum spacing required: Bv = 291 mm

AS

= 1299 KN

So
Smax 300 mm = 1463.868 mm
Use Smallest of = 638.6 mm
S 250 mm 300 mm
Ok
e) Check the adequacy of the longitudinal reinforcements

Asfy = 4815720 N
Mu = 4853.3 KN.m
dv = ### mm
Vu = 1437.3 kN
Vs = 1341.8 kN
φ= 0.9

4732566.989 N

Ok
 24.39 30.48

535
205 210
291

300
260 1680
1380
170

2900

690 2340 2340 690

920
920
Moment Calculation
Due TO Self Load
Moment
SPAN Dist.(mm) (KN.m SF (MN)
0.0 L1 0 0 0.292
0.1 L1 2439 607 0.206
0.2 L1 4878 1005 0.12
0.3 L1 7317 1196 0.036
0.4 L1 9756 1178 -0.05
0.5 L1 12195 951 -0.136
0.6 L1 14634 517 -0.221
0.7 L1 17073 -195 -0.306
0.8 L1 19512 -976 -0.391
0.9 L1 21951 -2035 -0.477
1.0 L1 24390 -3400 -0.563
0.0 L2 0 -3303 0.645
0.1L2 3048 -1400 0.539
0.2 L2 6096 -119 0.432
0.3 L2 9144 1035 0.325
0.4 L2 12192 1862 0.218
0.5 L2 15240 2365 0.112
0.6 L2 18288 2543 -0.005
0.7 L2 21336 2395 -0.102
0.8 L2 21336 1922 -0.316
0.9 L2 27432 1123 -0.422
1.0 L2 30480 0 -0.246

Due To SDL

Moment 936.562 KN.m

Shear 180 KN

Due To Live Load

Moment 3726.25 KN.m

Shear 202.3 KN