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Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 1

Issue 02: 03/03


Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Workshop Service Manual


MF 5300 Series Tractors

Section N
Cab, Air-conditioning System
and Heating

Issue 02: 03 / 2003


Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 3
Issue 02: 03/03
Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Contents
1- Introduction
1.1 - Cooling process beginning ...................................................................................... 4
1.2 - Cooling cycle ............................................................................................................ 4

2- Operation ........................................................................................................................ 6

3- Technical features .............................................................................................................. 8

4- Safety Recommendations ............................................................................................... 16

5- General maintenance ....................................................................................................... 17

6- Preventive maintenance control ...................................................................................... 18

7- Electrical diagram ............................................................................................................ 19

8- Coolant refilling
8.1 - Loop draining and seeking for coolant leaks........................................................ 20
8.2 - Vaccum generation and leak detection ................................................................ 22
8.3 - Installation new load (engine off) .......................................................................... 23
8.4 - Pressure control ..................................................................................................... 25
8.5 - Service tools .......................................................................................................... 26

9- Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................... 27
9.1 - Air conditioning failure .......................................................................................... 28
9.2 - Compressor failure ................................................................................................ 30
9.3 - Troubleshooting procedure ................................................................................... 32

10 - Windshield wiper (front) .................................................................................................. 38

11 - Fan and heating system .................................................................................................. 39


4 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

1 - Introduction
1.1 - How does the cooling process start?
There is no procedure known capable of producing cold, only heat absorption.
The air conditioning system consists of picking up calories from the air. Temperature is
measured by the amount of heat contained in a certain body.
The same way water always flows from top to bottom, heat will always flow from a hot
body to a cold body.
To air condition or absorb heat from a cab, it’s necessary to put hot air in contact with
a cold surface.
A physical property inside liquids determines that a certain pressure corresponds to a
specific pressure necessary for boiling or evaporation.
In the evaporation process, which is produced at a constant temperature, the liquid
may absorb a lot heat.
Experiments shown that at normal air pressure the water boils or evaporates at 100ºC.
Water can absorb a great amount of heat, but temperature will remain the same
(constant).
The same principles can be applied when heat is removed. Vapour changes into liquid
and liquid into solid.
As a result, by controlling pressure in a closed loop, it’s possible at some point to
obtain a low-pressure liquid and a low-pressure boiling temperature.
During evaporation, the liquid will absorb the heat around it.

1.2 - Cooling cycle


The cab’s air-conditioning is obtained via a fan system that after filtered captures hot air
from the engine through its ductwork in cold weather.
When the ambient air temperature goes up and it becomes unconfortable for the tractor’s
operator, a compressor-driven cooling system reduces the cab temperature considerably.
An HFC coolant flows inside a low-pressure closed loop: the R-134a .
Inside the system, this gas is submitted to pressure and temperatures changes.
A belt-driven compressor aspirates vapours maintaining the pressure low in the
evaporator front side. It then compresses the coolant gas conducting it to a cooler
called condenser.
The air passes through the condenser mounted in front of the engine’s water radiator,
cools the coolant gas and condenses it.
The coolant that is now changed into liquid is filtered.
A filter that also works temporarily as a deposit holds humidity and impurities. This
filter is called ‘drier-accumulator’.
The R-134a liquid coolant if submitted to high pressure is conducted to the expansion
valve, which regulates the fluid output, is expanded and makes pressure and temperature
drop.
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

The liquid under low pressure starts to boil and evaporates within a heat exchanger
called evaporator.
The hot and humid air inside the cab is forced by the fan to pass through the evaporator.
The evaporator chills the air and it returns to the cab.
The air humidity is condensed inside the evaporator and is taken out from the cab
through the ductwork. This cycle ends when the gas returns to the compressor.
To meet the desired temperature inside the cab, select the ‘STOP’ position on the
compressor via a thermostat that actuates on a relay that, in turn, will engage and
disengage the compressor electromagnetic clutch.
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

2 - Operation
A - Compressor (1) Loop points Fluid Pressure Temperature Notes:
state
A - Compressor Vapour From low From low to It produces high-
to high high pres- pressure and high
pressure sure temperature vapour
B - Condenser (3)

temperature
Ambient

Compressor Vapour High High -


output to
expelled
Heat

condenser input

B - Condenser Vapour + High From high to The vapour is


drier (5)

liquid average changed into liquid


Filter-

due to the action of


the air and the heat
is expelled. This
exchange is made
easier thanks to the
fans.
Condenser Liquid High Average
output passing The humidity
C - Expansion

through the contained in the


valve (9)

filter-drier up to loop is eliminated


the expansion as well as the load.
valve.

C - Expansion Liquid + From high From aver- The fluid pressure


D - Evaporator (10)

valve vapour to low age to low relief makes the


Fresh air
Ambient air

(>20%) pressure pressure pressure and the


temperature to
drop due to the
evaporation of part
of the liquid
(>20%).
Expansion Liquid + Low Low -
valve output to vapour
the evaporation
input

D - Evaporator Liquid + Low Low The liquid changes


vapour into vapour through
the absoption of the
heat in the air, and
cold is created by
the fan system.
Evaporator Vapour Low Low -
output to the
compressor
input
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

General identification of components


1- Compressor with electromagnetic clutch 9- Expansion valve
2- High-pressure hose (compressor/condenser 10 - Evaporator
connection) 11 - Fan
3- Condenser 12 - Thermostat
4- High-pressure hose (compressor/filter-drier 13 - Low-pressure hose (evaporator output/quick-
connection) coupler connection)
5- Filter-drier 14 - Low-pressure hose (compressor/quick-coupler
6- High-pressure hose (filter-drier/quick-coupler connection)
connection) 15 - High/Low pressure safety pressostat
7- Quick-couplers 16 - Cab shim
8- High-pressure hose (expansion valve/quick- 17 - Service connectors
coupler connection)
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

3 - Technical features
Compressor (1) 2 1 3
The compressor, its clutch and pulley form a
detachable assembly.
This assembly compresses the low-pressure coolant
gas changing it to a high-pressure gas and makes
the collant flow within the system.
Make/Type: .................................. Sanden / SD-7H15
Number of cylinders: .............................................. 7
Lube oil capacity .......................................... 190 cm3
Synthetic lubricant ........... PAG (polyalkylene-glycol)
SP20 or similar
Belt tension .......................................... 108 to 122 N
Belt deflexion ....................................... 12 to 15 mm
Rear bolt tightening torque (3):
for closing the compressor. .......................... 34 N.m 12 to 15 mm

Tightening torque of the filling plug


(4) 20 N.m 2 1 4 3
Weight ............................................................. 6.9 kg

Electromagnetic clutch (2)


Its function is to allow the engagement and
disengagement of the compressor based on the
evaporator temperature (thermostat adjustment).
The coupling comprises not only but mainly the
following components: the stationary induction coil
(permanent inducting field) and the engine.
The induction coil is mounted directly on the
5
compressor.
The current transmitted through a temperature control Feeding tension .................................................. 12 V
switch creates a magnetic field and the rotor disc Amperage ............................................... 3.6 to 4.2 A
magnetically attracted against the pulley: the
Play adjustment (See page 30) .......... 0.4 to 0.8 mm
compressor therefore rotates.
Tightening torque of locking nuts of
When the current is interrupted, the rotor
the clutch (5) .................................................. 18 N.m
demagnetizes and the mechanical coupling is also
interrupted due to the spring action.
In case of replacement of parts such as:
The pulley is mounted on the tapered end of the shaft.
The evaporator, filter-drier, compressor or expansion
valve, it’s necessary to drain the loop, following the
guidelines provided in the next Chapter as well as
the correct operation order.
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Condenser
The condenser (1) receives the high-pressure and high-
temperature coolant gas that comes from the com-
pressor and changes it into a high-pressure pre-cooled
liquid.

It has been designed to handle temperature variations 2


of the liquid or gas coolant and cold coming from
outside. The coolant when cooled out changes gas
into liquid.

The cooling process is possible by making a fresh


airflow pass through (vehicle speed and engine fan 1
capacity).

The coolant temperature in the condenser ranges from


49 to 77 ºC for pressure between 10.5 to 21.0 kgf/
cm² (150 to 300 psi).

Maintenance
The condenser (1) should be cleaned every 50 hours
of operation or more frequently if the tractor is ex-
posed to dusty areas.
Depending on the tractor’s working condition, it will
be necessary to remove the lateral grills to have ac-
cess to the cooling system and clean all the dust, dirt,
etc. that may be accumulated around the condenser
or oil and water radiators.

Procedure for cleaning the condenser (1) If it’s necessary to replace the condenser:
1- Open the side covers and pull the radiator front Be careful not to damage the cooling fins, otherwise
grill. the device will not provide maximum performance.
2- Release both wing nuts (2) securing the
condenser.
3- Partially remove the condenser without
loosening the hose connections.
4- Clean the condenser with the aid of compressed
air (minimum pressure: 7 bar) in the opposite
direction of the normal air flow.
5- Refit the condenser and retighten all bolts (2).
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

DANGER!
It’s not necessary to loosen any of
the connections (1) from the air
conditioning cooling system loop
hoses for servicing.
The coolant may cause severe bruises if in 1
contact with the skin. And your eyes may also
get severely injured due to the low temperature
of the gas. In the event of coolant leakage, wear
googles and gloves to protect your eyes and
hands.
The R-134a coolant is not flammable, however,
it releases a toxic gas if in contact with flame.
Neither parts nor objects should be placed in
front of the condenser or radiator; that is,
between the front grill and the condenser as
they can be damaged.

Accumulator-drier (filter-drier)
The filter-drier (2) is an important element in the air
conditioning system. It receives the coolant (liquid)
from the condenser (3) holding humidity and impuri-
ties entering in the system. 1
The vessel storages the coolant temporarily depend-
ing on how much liquid the expansion valve demands.
An indicator located on top of the vessel controls the 2
coolant flow in the loop.
This part also works as a filter (engine filter) and should
be replaced at least every 1000 hours or every 3 years,
or whenever there is a problem in the loop.

If the filter needs to be replaced:


✔ First check that the hose connection in side IN
(input) to the condenser is correct.
✔ Then remove all protections from the connectors
at the last moment to avoid penetration of
3
humidity.
✔ All gaskets should be replaced after disassembly
and inspected before reassembly. These gaskets
are special hydrogenated-nitrile gaskets (HNBR).
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Expansion valve (1)


This valve is mounted on the evaportor (2) opening
and controls the amount of coolant that leaves to the
3
evaporator and causes its pressure to relief (decom-
pression).
It regulates the flow of coolant automatically based
on the amount of heat within the evaporator. It reacts 2
based on the temperature of its sensitive element and
liquid pressure.
To avoid pressure and the consequences pressure
dropping would cause to the evaporator, the valve is
equipped with a bulb and a compensation systen that
1
takes into account the evaporator’s gas temperature.
This bulb is also connected to the valve diaphragm.

In case of valve replacement


Evaporator (2)
✔ Always lubricate all connectors (threads) with
coolant oil. Mounted in front of the fan (3) (over the cab roof), the
✔ Make sure the needle is functioning well operator’s main function is to cool and dehumidify the
before reassembly. ambient air.

To do so, spray coolant liquid on the bulb and The coolant at low pressure and low temperature, after
check the needle displacement. passing through the expansion valve (1), first boils and
then evaporates inside the evaporater (2).
✔ Make sure the valve is properly connected.
This process allows the heat to be absorbed from the
✔ Handle the capillary tubes carefully.
air aspirated in the cab.
✔ To secure the sensitive element (bulb) to the
tube, first clean the element to make sure there’s
a good contact between them.
Secure the element to the tube by means of a
special kit and insulate it with an insulating 3
screen.

Fan assembly (3)


A permanent magnetic-drive motor actuates two blow-
ers, each one for an air guide box (air spreader).
The assembly is mounted on a isolated support.
A resistor connected to the central switch provides 3
different motor speeds.
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Thermostat (4) 4
The thermostat actuates the command via its elec-
tromagnetic clutch.
It’s a capillary thermostat that controls an electrical Heating

switch.
It’s possible to pre-select the desired temperature in
the cab thanks to the adjustable probe fitted in the
switch.
Fan knobs
The thermostat measures the temperature inside the
evaporator and activates the switch by expanding its Thermostat
gas.

If it’s necessary to replace the thermostat:


✔ Handle the capillary tube (5) carefully.

✔ The capillary tube contacts the evaporator tube


(2) and the expansion valve (1) on the other side. 2

5 1

4
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High/Low pressure safety pressostat


The safety pressostat (1) that is in the high-pressure
loop is mounted on the filter-drier (2) and connected
in series to the compressor electromagnetic clutch.
It protects the system by cutting off the loop to the
1
electromagnetic clutch when the pressure drops or
increases excessively in the high-pressure loop.

Pressostat operational pressure


Coupling Cut
2.1 bar 2 bar
27 bar 2

Quick-couplers
The quick-couplers (3) mounted on the high/low
pressure loop on the cab left-hand front side allow
the tractor to be splitted between the engine and
the gearbox or the cab to be removed without being
necessary to drain the air conditioning loop.
IN OUT
NOTE: DURING THIS OPERATION, CLOSE (SEAL) THE
COUPLERS WITH SQUARE PLUGS.

3
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Service connectors (4)


The service connections, fitted on the high/low pres-
sure pipes on the compressor rear side, are the quick-
coupling-male-type.

High/low pressure hoses


The high/low pressure loop hoses are in nitrile with
core in Nylon. 4

Comply with the bending radius of the hoses to pre-


vent damages to their Nylon core.

Hose outer diameter Minimum bend radius


18 mm 86 mm
21 mm 105 mm
26 mm 130 mm

Cab air filter


The cab’s filter paper element, when brand new, is 99% effective, according to ISO
5011 standard - 1988. However, it is effectiveless against chemicals.

DANGER!
The cab’s filter paper elements WERE not designed to filter harmful chamicals
to inside the cab.
When applying agricultural chemicals, follow the instructions provided by the
manufacturer of the product.
These chemicals are harmful:danger of serious damage to health by prolonged
exposure through inhalation.
If you are going to spray this kind of product on your plantations, it’s
recommended to use a special active-coal filtering element to reduce the
smell inside the cab.

If you feel the cab’s fan/pressurizer, heating and/or air conditioning system are not
working properly, the filtering element should be cleaned.
The cab’s filter cleaning and inspection should be carried out at least once a week or
every 100 operational hours. But if the tractor is exposed to extremely dusty
environments, you should clean the filter every day.
Usually, the cab filter needs to be removed for cleaning dust and dirt accumulated in
the air intake chamber and at the paper element bottom.
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Cab air filter cleaning and ispection


a) Open the emergency exit on the cab roof.
b) Use the operator’s seat as support to your feet,
2
pressing the roof front cover down. Then, turn
the latches 90º, open and support the cover.
c) Loosen the wing nuts securing the filter
3
assembly and then remove the entire assy being
careful not to drop the accumulated dust inside
the cab.
d) First clean the element by tapping it slowly
against a flat surface to eliminate bigger particles
and then blow it with compressed air (maximum
pressure: 4 bar) through the paper element, in
the opposite direction of the normal air flow; in
other words, inside out.
Keep the compressed air nozzle at least 300 mm 1
from the element. During the cleaning process,
it ’s advised to wear a mask to avoid
contamination.
e) Clean the air intake chamber with a damp cloth.
f) Inspect the filter element carefully for undue
wear either in the element itself or in the sealing
gasket. If damaged or worn away, the element
should be replaced. 4
g) Install the clean element and make sure it is
properly seated in its lodging. Be careful not to
tighten the nuts excessively as it could distort
the filter frame and cause air leakage around the
element.
h) At last, close the cover and seal it correctly with
both latches.
The cab filtering element should be replaced
every 1000 hours or every year, whenever co-
mes first.
It should be replaced more frequently if the
tractor is exposed to dust for extended periods
of time.
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4 - Safety recommendations
It’s very important to work in a clean environment to prevent dirt from entering in the
loop.
Clean the connectors thoroughly and them slightly lubricate them with compressor oil
before making the connections.
Avoid using compressed air in the hoses: use coolant to clean it.
Only remove the tube protectors eventually.
Cut the hoses with a knife and never with a mower knife.
Close the tubes carefully when storaged.
The oil contained in the loop is chiller oil. This oil is mixed with coolant.

Precautions
The air conditioning system is a dangerous When it’s necessary to loosen a certain connection,
equipment. It can be compared to a high-pressure use two different wrenches for tightening in order to
vapour generating boiler. avoid distortions, which can cause gas leakage.
The coolant pressure is always higher than its normal Never weld nor clean the vapour from a system that
boiling point. is electrically charged.
If the hose is broken, the coolant evaporates or boils It may cause overlap or occasional leakage.
too fast. Do not storage the R-134a coolant in places where
The pressure relief immediate forces are also very there is exposure to the sun or a heating source as
dangerous. well as humidity. Always replace the coolant bottle
Even a specialist should always work with caution to protections when not using it.
avoid coolant leakage. Do not transport the bottle inside a vehicle.
The R-134a coolant is neither flammable, nor toxic
(except if in contact with flame) or corrosive (except
if in contact with water).
You should be extremely careful when handling the In case of contact with the R-134a
R-134a. It may freeze your skin and eyes if in direct If you receive a jet of R-134a right in the eyes,
contact. immediately wash them with cold water and call a
In contact with flames or very high temperatures, it doctor.


changes into phosgene gas, which is lethal.
Never handle the coolant without googles and NOTE:
protection gloves. The injuries caused by the coolant can
Never drain the system by loosening the connections. be treated by cooling off the affected
A slow and non-dangerous draining is only possible region with cold water and applying
with a bleeding station/load specific for the R-134a cream continuously. But it’s very
coolant. important you see a doctor.
Never drain the system in a place surrounded by
flames.
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

5 - General maintenance

☞ IMPORTANT:
Before turning on the air conditioning system, make sure all windowns and doors
are properly closed. The cab interior should be kept as clean as possible. If for any
reason the cab cannot be completely closed, the air recycling system should be
necessarily interrupted. If these recommendations are not followed, the evaporator
may get contaminated and this would cause the cooling system to stop and damage
the compressor.

To have the system working properly, it’s necessary to control the filter, the condenser,
the fan blowers, and the evaporator status.
Any impurity (dirt) causes the high/low pressure to increase, thus reducing the cooling
system effectiveness.
The dragging belt tension as well as its alignment should also be controlled.
Check the condition of the hoses that take the condensation water from the evaporator.
Any accumulation of water in the filter may form a ice layer on the evaporator preventing
the coolant from flowing harming its performance.
To maintain the loop assy in good condition, it’s recommended to start the system for
a few minutes once a week to lubricate the gaskets as the oil contained in the compressor
gets mixed with the coolant.

Electrical System
Concerning electrical controls, check that the fuse and pressostat are in good condition
by putting them in the filter-drier.
If one of the fuses is blown, it means it has overheated and is out of alignment. In other
words, it can no longer be used as it won’t feed the compressor.
To control the electromagnetic clutch engagement, move the fan switch to the high or
low speed position and then turn the cooling knob to the maximum cold position. You
shoul hear a ‘click’.
After some minutes of operation, the successive engagement / disengagement pattern
of the electromagnetic clutch should be observed.
The connecting cables should be in good condition; otherwise, replace them.

ATTENTION!
Before you start the compressor, especially if it has been out of service for
extended periods of time, follow the procedures below to obatin a good
lubrication.
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a) Engage the electromagnetic clutch switch.


b) Start the engine for a few seconds, cutting off fuel supply.
c) Disconnect the electrical stop and let the engine idling for some minutes.
Visually control the amount of coolant (no bubbles) and color through the filter-
drier flow-rater, making the engine run at extended performance (with fan system
and thermostat in maximum cold).

☞ NOTE:
When starting and stopping the engine, there’s always a certain quantity of bubbles,
which is considered normal. If the indicator shows a blue or brown coloring, you
should: Drain the system, change the lube oil in the compressor, in the the filter-
drier and, if necessary, replace the expansion valve, in this order.

6 - Preventive maintenance control


a) Service and control all components as previously described.
b) Visually control the evaporator, tubes, condenser, filter-drier, compressor,
connections, belt and water flow in the evaporator.
c) Internal control with low-pressure gauge (blue), high-pressure gauge (red), with
the engine at 1500 rpm, the thermostat in cold and the fan in maximum speed.
d) Component temperature control The valve output (evaporator side), the evaporator,
the low-pressure hoses and the intake valve on the compressor should all be cold.
The condenser, the filter-drier, the expansion valve input, the expansion valve, the
conpressor discharge valve, and the high-pressure hoses should all be hot.
e) The oil and the filter-drier should be replaced at least every 1000 hours or 3 years,
or whenever the loops needs to be reloaded.
f) If the loop is too loaded (more than 2 kg of R-134a coolant), the filter-drier and
expandion valve levels can be blocked.
g) With the air conditioning system operating, if both high and low pressures are
equal: the compressor is defective.
h) If there is water in the system, the expansion valve will be blocked by a droplet of
water that will be changed into ice: high and low pressure drop.
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7 - Electrical diagram

Caption:
1- Fan switch with 4 positions

2- Air conditioning system thermostat

3- The HP loop pressostat protects the loop by cutting the clutch supply when the
high pressure becomes too low or too high ( 2 bar ou 27 bar).

4- Electromagnetic clutch

5- Fan
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8 - Coolant refilling
Recommendation:
All the operations described in this Chapter should be necessarily accomplished by
using a servicing and maintenance equipment (bleeding/load station, coolant recovery
station, leak detector, etc.) specific for the R-134a coolant.

8.1 - Loop draining and seeking for coolant leaks


Draining
Make sure the place is well ventilated so the work
can be performed.
Avoid flames and do not smoke.
Prepare the system draining by leting the engine run
at 1000 rpm for a couple of minutes, with the air con-
ditioning system in the ‘maximum cold’ position.
Stop the engine and turn the air conditioner off.
Connect the equipment to the service connections
fitted on the compressor rear side (Fig. 1).

✔ Red tube for connecting the high-pressure


connector
✔ Blue tube for connecting the low-pressure
connector
Open the low-pressure valve slowly.

☞ NOTE:
If the system is bled too fast, the oil in
the compressor will be dragged by the
Fig. 1

coolant. 1- Low-pressure gauge

2- High-pressure gauge
After some minutes and a pressure reduction from
3- Measurement cylinder
1.5 to 2 bar (21.75 to 29 psi), open the high-pressure
valve slowly so the coolant can be completely drained 4- Vaccum pump
out.
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Leak inspection
After the loop is empty, replace all damaged parts
and then make a sweeping with the R-134a coolant
[gas filling under pressure of 2 to 3.5 bar (29 to 50
psi)].
To do so, connect the central holes of the pressure
gauge to the loading cylinder upper connection (Fig.
4). Slightly loosen the by-pass central tube thread to
bleed the air from the tube and then retighten it. Open
the high/low pressure gauge flow-raters and let a
pressure of 2.5 to 3.5 bar (36.25 to 50 psi) be
established in the R-134a gas loops.
Close the flow-raters and leave this load for 15 to 20
minutes to proceed with the gas leakage searching.
Fig. 2

☞ NOTE:
Before handling any of the hoses, make
sure all flow-raters are closed to avoid
problems.

Place an electronic detector on the hose end and


around it: (Fig. 2).
a) Compressor connections and valves
b) All compressir gaskets: turning gasket and oil
sunp plug gasket.
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8.2 - Vaccum generation and leak detection


Generating vaccum
When the loop is already under pressure, connect
the central tube and the vaccum pump. Open the high-
pressure flow-rater (the low-pressure one should
already be opened) and then the flow-rater mounted
over the vaccum pump and begin to operate the
vaccum pump.

☞ NOTE:
In general, a 30-minute evacuation in
periods of 15 minutes is enough for a
ambient temperature above 20 ºC. If
the temperature is less than 20ºC, the
minimum evacuation period should be
two phases of 60 minutes as humidity
is a very important factor in this matter.
When the vaccum period is over, the
Fig. 3
low-pressure gauge should indicate a
pressure drop of 635 to 711 mm of
mercury (12.27 to 13.74 psi).

Vaccum generation and draining


Bleed the loop by slightly opening the by-pass flow-
rate and let the R-134a coolant drain out.
Close it when a residual pressure of 0.1 to 0.2 bar
☞ NOTE:
After all the connections in the pressure
gauge and loading cylinder, the tubes
(1.45 to 2.9 psi) is obtained in both loops. should be removed.
Connect the central tube to the vaccum pump.
Open the high/pressure flow-rate and let the vaccum
pump operate for 20 minutes. Close the high/low
pressure flow-rates after the low-pressure gauge
indicates a pressure drop of 634 - 711 mm of mercury.
After all these operations, the loop will be clean for
the R-134a coolant to be reloaded.
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Leak detection
Disconnect the by-pass central tube from the vaccum
pump and connect it to the loading cylinder top.
Open the loading cyclinder upper flow-rater and
slightly loosen the by-pass central tube thread in a
way the air tube is removed. Tighten the thread when
the R-134a begins to escape from the tube.
Open the by-pass high/low pressure flow-raters to
obtain a pressure of 2.5 to 3.5 bar (36.25 to 50 psi) of
gas R-134a.
Close the flow-raters and let the installation load for
20 minutes. With the leak deterctor, carry out a second
sweeping (Fig. 2).

Fig. 4

8.3 - Installation new load (engine off)


The amount of coolant used to correctly load the loop is 1.7 kg.

A) Method for refilling the loading


cylinder with coolant bottle
Connect the coolant bottle to the loading cylinder top
and lean the bottle.

Open the flow-raters:


When pressure balance is achieved between the bottle
and the cylinder, bleed the load through its upper side
in a way the necessary quantity is for the loop is intro-
duced.

Fig. 5
24 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

B) Connection for filling the loop


Connect the loading cylinder bottom side to the
pressure gauge central connector (thread).
✔ Bleed the hoses (tubes).
✔ Mark the coolant level on the loading cylinder.
✔ Open the high/low pressure gauge flow-rater to
allow loop refilling.

☞ NOTE:
To allow the coolant to be fully filled into
the loop, the pressure in the loading
cylinder should range from 6 to 7 bar
(87 and 101.53 psi).

When the loop is correctly full and the pressure is


balanced, the low/high pressures are between 4 and
5 bar (58 and 72.51 psi).
When the loading cylinder has no heated wire, it Fig. 6
should be partially filled with liquid and completed
with gas.

Liquid load with complement of gas (engine off and then running)

When pressure between loading cylinder and loop


is balanced, close the HP and BP flow-raters as
well as the one fitted to the loading cylinder (bot-
tom).
To complete with gas, connect the pressure gauge
central threads (connection) to the loading cylinder
top and then bleed the tube (the bleeding can be ob-
tained by slightly unthreading the tube and letting the
gas to escape for a few seconds - Fig. 7).
For this operation, open the low-pressure flow-rater
only.
The engine should run from 1000 to 1200 rpm, with
cooling system in ‘maximum cold’ and fan in ‘maxi-
mum position’.
The system will be correctly loaded once the desired
level is achieved in the loading cylinder.
After that, close the loading cylinder flow-rater and
the BP pressure gauge.
Fig. 7
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 25
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

8.4 - Pressure control


When you finish loading, the air conditioning system
operation should be controlled.
With the pressure gauges already connected to the
compressor (Fig. 8), start the engine, connect the
thermostat and put the fan in ‘maximum position’.
After few seconds of operation, the high-pressure
tube should be hot and the low-pressure tube should
be cold.
There shouldn’t be any bubbles in the filter-drier.
Control the compressor cycles. The compressor
operation time should be approximately equal to the
time of stop after the cab temperature is balanced,
according to the thermostat position.

When the air conditioning is cut off, pressures are


balanced and the low/high pressures are between 4
to 5 bar (58 and 72.52 psi) for a correctly loaded loop.
Fig. 8
However, these values vary according to the outside
temperature.

In the 600 series tractors, during the air conditioning


system operation, the low-pressure ranges between
0.8 to 1.5 bar (12 to 22 psi) and the high-pressure
between 13.8 to 19.3 bar (200 to 280 psi) - service
pressure.

☞ NOTE:
Fan and thermostat in ‘maximum
position’ and engine at 1800 - 2000
rpm.
26 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

8.5 - Service tools

Fig. 9

Description Features Reference

Bleeding/load portable station - Dual-body vaccum pump - anti- 311DAB8QC01 (a)


oil migration.
- Loading cylinder of 2200 g of capacity 311CAP8QC01 (b)
- Hose of 1.8 m
- Feeding/supply: 220/240 V 50 Hz
Options:
- Oil injection compressor 311DAB8QC01S (a)
311CAP8QC01S (b)
- Vaccum pressure gauge 311DAB8QCB1 (a)
311DAB8QCB1S
(a) Metric scale 311CAP8QCB1 (b)
(a) Board measure scale 311CAP8QCB1S

Recovery portable station - Inverter station for automatic stop - 17621/PAG


coolant (not represented when the deposit is 80% full
in the figure above). - Deposit of 13.6 kg of capacity 17621ENF/PAG
- No deposit
Options:
- Oil separator: separates the oil, acid and
other particles from the coolant.
- Filter-drier: absorbs humidity before 17651/PAG
recovering the coolant in the deposit.

Leak detector - Two positions: R-134a and R12 16500


Vaccum pump oil - Vessel with 4.5 liters 13204
Googles - Mandatory protection for any 12008
servicing or maintenance operation
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 27
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

9 -Troubleshooting
Diagnoses
As a general rule, presure values depend on the air condition (pressure + temperature).
For ambient temperatures between 30 and 40 ºC at sea level, low-pressures range
from 0.8 to 1.5 bar (12 to 22 psi) and the high-pressures from 13.8 to 19.3 bar (200 to 280
psi).
To find out the problem/failures, connect the equipment to the service connections
fitted on the compressor rear side

Analysis
Leaks in the loop may cause: Undercooling and very low high/low pressures.
In case of underload, the indiactor will pemanently show bubbles in the filter-drier
deposit, besides indicating the same previously mentioned rates.
A dirty evaporator and a clogged or frozen expansion valve cause the pressure to drop
in the low pressure and an under high-pressure.
Too much load, a damaged valve or a dirty condenser cause an excessively high low-
pressure.
A dirty condenser, overload make the high-pressure too high.

Overloading phenomena
In a correctly loaded installation, the R-134a expelled by the compressor as vapour,
loses its heat and is changed into liquid. The liquid obtained, before being conducted
to the filter-drier, is storaged in the last condenser turn. If the load is excessive, the
level of liquid in the condenser goes up. And less active turns are left for condensation.
Temperature increases as well as pressure and, in some cases, the hoses are broken
(pipelines).

In operation
✔ Overload
✔ Worn hoses
✔ Hoses worn by friction
✔ Hoses cut off on the plate edges.
✔ Sharp bending radius
✔ Battery exposure (acid)
28 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Off (out of operation)


Same reasons as in operation plus the following:
✔ Fan system of engine compartment
✔ Heat shock caused by the engine after it is started.
If a hose (tube) is in its strength limit, the temperature increase when the engine is
stopped would increse the hose temperature as well as its internal pressure. The
heat would drop in the same proportion and the hose would break.
This is what usually happens in installations with overload of R-134a and damaged
or misplaced hoses (pipeline).

9.1 - Air conditioning failure


A) High pressure too high
1- Coolant overload
The coolant needs to be removed.
Avoid let the system be underloaded.
2- Air in the loop despite low-pressure being correct.
The air needs to be eliminated. After air is eliminated refill it.
3- Space between the fins of the condenser clogged by insects.
It’s necessary to clean the condenser.
4- The coolant remains in the liquid state in the aspiration ductwoek until the
condenser input. This happens due to humidity or frozen intake valve or tube on
the compressor.
Make sure the expansion valve bulb is properly fitted to the draft tube.
5- One of the plugs has been forgotten during reassembly. This causes differences
in the temperature of the front and rear side of where the plug should be fitted.
6- If the high-pressure is higher to the one obtained under normal operation with low
pressure and correct loading and there are bubbles in the filter-drier, the cause is
certainly the inversion when connecting the filter-drier, making the fluid flow in the
opposite direction.
7- If the high pressure is too high, the low pressure is normal and there are bubbles
and frost in the filter-drier deposit, the filter is probably clogged.

B) High pressure too low


1- Incorrect charge If there are bubbles in the filter-drier, it’s because there isn’t enough
coolant in the system.
2- Compressor head broken gasket ou leaks through the valves
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 29
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

C) Low pressure too low followed by ineffective cooling.


1- Constriction in the tube or filter-drier
This phenomenon happens when there is a difference between the front and rear
side of the constricted part or when the filter-drier deposit is cooled during
installation.
2- Underload on the expansion valve probe
Heat the thermostatic bulb end using your hand. The aspiration pressure should
quickly increase in at least 1.45 bar (21.03 psi) when the engine is idling. If not, the
expansion valve should be replaced.
3- The expansion valve capillary tube is corrupted and presents leakage: The
expansion valve remains closed, which makes the installation operate at a very
low pressure.
4- Frost on the expansion valve or water jet (needle)
The expansion valve or water jet may get frozen while tubes remain practically
intact.
5- Expansion valve is blocked. There are corrosive products on it. If thermostat bulb
end is heated, the low-pressure value is not modified. The expansion valve may
open after a resting period and block again after a while.
6- Check if the evaporator input hole is not clogged.
7- The coolant load is not enough.
Check if there are any bubbles in the indicator when the installation and fans are
operating.

D) Low-pressure too high


1- The compressor belt is not sufficiently tensioned.
2- The expansion valve bulb is not properly secured.
3- The extension valve needle is stuck in the ‘open’ position. The coolant flows too
much through the coil and cools or freezes the draft tube.
4- Check if the compressor input valve is not clogged.
5- Inlet valve and compressor discharge leakage
6- If the high pressure drops, low pressure increases and load is correct, there is
leakage in the compressor head or valves that are damaged.

E) Expansion valve with irregular noise


1- The coolant load is not enough showed by the bubbles on the indicator
30 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

F) Undercooling
1- The compressor is not working well.
2- The expansion valve is not functioning properly.
3- “HIGH-PRESSURE” low and “LOW-PRESSURE” low, tend to pressure drop with
correct loading. Temperature is too low on the evaporator input and causes the
expansion valve to close. Wrong synchronization between the thermostat cycling
and the expansion valve opening.

G) Frost on the evaporator fins


1- Check the thermostat electrical contact.
2- Check the bulb contact with the evaporator fins.

H) Compressor not functioning properly (irregular cycling)


✔ Check belt tension.
✔ Check electromagnetic clutch clearance.
✔ Check clutch coil tension and intensity.
✔ Check the compressor.

I) Abnormal noise in the compressor


In the ‘coupled’ position: In the ‘uncoupled’ position:
✔ Check the compressor is correctly assembled. ✔ Check electromagnetic clutch clearance.
✔ Make sure clutch does not slip.
✔ Check the R-134a coolant load.
✔ Check compressor and clutch bearings.
✔ Check how much coolant oil there is (190 cm3).
✔ Check compressor intake and discharge valves.

9.2 - Compressor failure


Clutch play adjustment
Check play by using a feeler gauge to obtain 0.4 -
0.8 mm (Fig. 1)
If play is not evenly distributed, lift and slightly tap on
the places where there is more discrepancy. Fig. 1

☞ NOTE:
The clearance is adjusted with variable thickness shims. During assembly or installation of a
new clutch, check tha original shims. When mounting a new clutch on a compressor, use
the following shims: 1.02 mm - 0.05 mm - 0.12 mm. Tighten nut to a torque of 30 N.m.
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 31
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

B) What precautions should be taken during compressor disassembly and


reassemly?
1- Turn on the air conditioning system for 5 or 10
Fig. 2
minutes and drain the R-134a coolant (see page
20) before removing the compressor.

2- Center the alignment pins of the valve covers


on the correponding holes on the block. Then,
install the gasket and center the head (Fig. 2)
with its low -pressure and high-pressure
connections upwards and aligned with the com-
pressor oil filling hole (Fig. 3).

3- Tighten the six bolts on the head to a torque of


34 N.m (3,4 kgf.m) by following the order
indicated in Fig. 3.

C) Lubricate it with oil.

☞ NOTE:
Use Polyalkylene-Glycol (PAG)
synthetic oil only to load and reload the
compressor.

Recommended oil: PAG SANDEN SP20


Compressor capacity: 190 cm³.
In case of accidents in the loop or every time a part
needs to be replaced (filter-drier, hoses, expansion Fig. 3
valve, condenser), it’s recommended to drain all the
oil contained in the compressor and changed it with
clean oil according to the volume recommended in
the note above.
1- Drain the R-134a coolant from the system (see
page 20).
2- Remove the plug.
3- Carry out the filling or refilling.
4- Refit the pulg into the hole. Check the condition
and the position of the joint ring.
5- Tighten plug to a torque of 15 N.m. In case of
leakage, do not force the plug. It should be
removed and a new joint ring should be installed.
6- Refill the installation with R-134a coolant (see
page 23).
7- Check that the air conditioning system is working
properly.
32 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

9.3 - Troubleshooting procedure

Low side - normal High side - normal Low side - normal High side - normal

Reading interpretation Other symptoms


Low side - normal ✔ Discharging air - it gets hot as the low side flows
High side - normal in vaccum. As soon as the mixture is releases
by the drier-filter. It gets stuck and freezes in the
Other symptoms expansion valve blocking the R-134a flow to the
✔ Discharging air - slightly cold, it may not get cold evaporator.
during very hot hours, such as midday. ✔ If the air is discharged, the ambient temperature
✔ Low side is not oscillating with the switch on goes up and the filter-drier has a greater amount
and cycle off. of mixture to release. These collections and
freezing of the expansion valve, block the R-134a
Diagnoses flow to the evaporator.
✔ With air mixed to the system.
Diagnoses
Correction: ✔ Too much mixture in the system
1- Check for leakage in the system.
Check for leakage in the compressor retainer and Correction:
seal all gaskets carefully. 1- Check for leakage in the system. Check for
leakage in the compressor retainer and seal all
2- Drain the coolant from the system.
gaskets carefully.
3- Fix existing leaks.
2- Drain the coolant from the system.
4- Replace the filter-drier. The drier is probably
saturated with the mixture. 3- Fix existing leaks.

5- Check the oil level in the compressor. 4- Replace the filter-drier. The drier is probably
saturated with the mixture.
6- Evacuate the system for at leat 30 minutes.
5- Check the oil level in the compressor.
7- Refill the system with R-134a.
6- Evacuate the system for at leat 30 minutes.
8- Operate the system and check for performance.
7- Refill the system with R-134a.
Reading interpretation 8- Operate the system and check for performance.
Low side - normal
High side - normal
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 33
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Low side - normal High side - normal Low side - low High side - low

Reading interpretation Reading interpretation


Low side - normal Low side - low or vaccum
High side - normal High side - low

Other symptoms Other symptoms


✔ Compressor - cycle on and also off ✔ Discharging air - slightly cold
✔ Low side on the device - insufficient sizing
displayed in the low side. Diagnoses
✔ System slightly filled with R-134a.
Diagnoses
Correction:
✔ Temperature failure control in the system
1- Check for leakage in the system.
Correction: 2- Drain the coolant from the system if necessary
1- Stop the engine and turn off the air conditioning to replace units or lines.
system rotation. 3- Fix existing leaks.
2- Check the entire electrical system and replace 4- Check the oil level in the compressor. System
all damaged components. may present leakage due to oil spil.
3- Operate the system and check for performance. 5- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
6- Refill the system with R-134a.
7- Operate the system and check for performance.
34 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Low side - normal High side - normal Low side - low High side - low

Reading interpretation Reading interpretation


Low side - low or vaccum Low side - low
High side - low High side - low f/ vaccum

Other symptoms Other symptoms


✔ Discharging air - it gets hot ✔ Discharging air - slightly cold
✔ Expansion valve swetting or frozen
Diagnoses
✔ System with very low R-134a load. Diagnoses
✔ Check for leakage in the system. ✔ Expansion valve closed.
✔ Expansion valve blocked.
Correction:
✔ Temperatura sensor for operation error
1- Check for leakage in the system.
NOTE: Remove and refill the load into the system Correction:
before checking for leakage to ensure test will 1- Clean the expansion valve or replace it.
work.
2- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
2- Check for leakage in the compressor gasket
3- Refill the system with R-134a.
carefully.
4- Operate the system and check for performance.
3- Drain the coolant from the system if necessary
to replace units or lines.
4- Fix existing leaks.
5- Check the oil level in the compressor. System
may present leakage due to oil spil.
6- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
7- Refill the system with R-134a.
8- Operate the system and check for performance.
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 35
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Low side - low High side - low Low side - high High side - low

Reading interpretation Other symptoms


Low side - low ✔ Compressor with noise
High side - low ✔ Discharging air - slightly cold
NOTE: If the compressor does not present any noise
Other symptoms despite the reading, the problem may be caused by
✔ Discharging air - slightly cold play or worn belt.
✔ High side hoses - swetting or frozen It will be
frozen after the restriction point. Diagnoses
✔ Compressor malfunctioning
Diagnoses
Correction:
✔ High side restriction in the system
1- Drain the coolant from the system.
✔ Filter-drier malfunctioning
2- Remove or replace the compressor.
Correction: 3- Check the oil level in the compressor.
1- Discharge the system. 4- Replace the filter-drier if:
2- Remove and replace the filter-drier, hoses or any a) The system has been previously opened.
other damaged component. b) The system has operated during two or more
3- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump. seasons of the same year with the same
4- Refill the system with R-134a. formation.
5- Operate the system and check for performance. c) The inspection performed in the compressor has
revealed dry parts (very thin areas or brown
particles).
Reading interpretation
5- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
Low side - high
6- Refill the system with R-134a.
High side - low
7- Operate the system and check for performance.
36 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Reading interpretation Low side - high High side - high


Low side - high
High side - high

Other symptoms
✔ Discharging air - it gets hot
✔ High-side hoses extremely hot

Diagnoses
✔ Condenser malfunctioning or overload
✔ The safety high/low pressures interrupt the
operation.

Correction:
1- Inspect the condenser to block the air passage.
Small damage or other problems preventing the
air flow in the condenser.
2- Check if the engine radiator is not plugged.
3- Conduct the inspection out of the engine cooling
system. Make sure the radiator cover pressure
is complying with the system pressure. Check any
possible flaw.

After the correction above:


4- Operate the system and check for performance.

If the reading interpretation is also high. Other symptoms


5- Discharge the system. ✔ Discharging air - slightly cold
6- Remove and inspect the condenser to ensure
the coolant free flow or replace the condenser. Diagnoses
7- Replace the filter-drier. ✔ Too much air and mixture in the system
8- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
Correction:
9- Refill the system with R-134a.
1- Drain the coolant from the system.
10 - Operate the system and check for performance.
2- Replace the filter-drier that is probably saturated
with the mixture.
Reading interpretation 3- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
Low side - high 4- Refill the system with R-134a.
High side - high 5- Operate the system and check for performance.
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 37
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Low side - high High side - high Low side - too low High side - too low

Reading interpretation Reading interpretation


Low side - high Low side - low or vaccum
High side - normal to high High side - too low or zero

Other symptoms Other symptoms


✔ Discharging air - it gets hot ✔ Discharging air - it gets hot
✔ Evaporator - exposed or frozen
Diagnoses
Diagnoses ✔ The safety high/low pressures interrupt the
✔ Expansion valve open (perforated) operation.
✔ Coolant leaks
Correction:
1- Discharge the system. Test:

2- Replace the expansion valve. 1- Check for leakage in the system.

3- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump. Correction:


4- Refill the system with R-134a. 1- Drain the coolant from the system if necessary
5- Operate the system and check for performance. to replace units or lines.
2- Check repairs.
3- Check the oil level in the compressor. System
may present leakage due to oil spil.
4- Evacuate the system using the vaccum pump.
5- Refill the system with R-134a.
6- Operate the system and check for performance.
38 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

10 - Windshield wiper (front)


Removal
a) Remove the bolts (1) from the service lights.

b) Leave the lights (2) hanging by the wires.

c) Remove the cab cover (3) by moving it carefully


down and forwards over the wiper arm.

d) Disconnect both headlights by the plugs (4).

e) Remove the cab cover entirely, releasing it


completely from the windshield wiper arm.

f) Disconnect the pipeline (6) from the wiper.

g) Raise the cover (7) and remove the fastening


nuts.

h) Remove the arm (8) and the wiper vane.

i) Disconnect the plug (9) from wiper motor.

j) Remove the bolts (10) from the support.

l) Remove the support (11) along with the motor.

Refitting
Reverse the removal procedure and make sure the
flexible hose (6) is properly secured to the wiper arm.
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 39
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

11 - Fan and heating system


Removal 2
a) Under the cab right-hand side, over the fuel tank,
disconnect both hoses (1 and 2) and install a
clip on their ends to avoid water + additive
leakage.

b) Open the heating system water flow-rater to 1


allow the water to be completely drained; that
is, turn the switch (3) clockwise to actuate the
heating system in maximum temperature.

c) Open the cab roof hatchway.


To access it, you can stand on the operator’s
seat or use a ladder next to the cab.

3
Air conditioning system filter
Heating radiator
d) Remove the 14 bolts from the radiator cover (4)
and remove it. e) Close the air flow duct (5).

5
f) Then, loosen the wing nuts (6) and remove the g) Loosen the hose clamps (8) that controls the
air filter (7). water inlet and outlet.

8 9

7 6
40 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

h) Remove the radiator (9) from its lodging.

Fan assembly 9

☞ NOTE:
The heating radiator was removed to
better show the components related to
the fans.
However, this procedure in not
necessary.

Cutaway view of fan system, left-hand


side view.

a) Remove the six fastening bolts (10) securing the c) Make reference marks and then disconnect the
fan and motor lodgings. cable set (12).
Cable identification:
A Orange D Red

b) Remove the motor + fan assembly (11). B Yellow E Black


C Light blue (connected with wire ‘D’)

10 12
A
B
C
E D

10
10

11
Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors 41
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Electrical circuit leaf involving cab and air conditioning system


42 Workshop Manual - 5300 Series Tractors
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Section N: Cab, air conditioning and heating

Heating water valve 4


a) Drain the water from the heating loop - see page
39.
b) Open the roof hatchway.
c) Loosen the clamp and disconnect the valve (2)
input hose (1).
d) Loosen the clamp and disconnect the return
hose (3) from the radiator (4).
e) Disconnect the control cable (5) from the valve
(2).
f) Remove the valve (2) by loosening the bolts (6).
g) If it’s necessary to replace the cable (5), release
4
the other end next to the panel and pull it out.
To do so, push the panel carefully as described
below.
NOTE: When mounting the valve, adjust the
cable with the bolt (7) loose in a way that when 7
the control knob is rotated (11) on the upper
panel, the valve is completely opened. 3

Upper panel - removal 1 2 6 5


a) Remove the 8 bolts (8).
8 9 10 11 12 13
b) Pull the panel assy (5) backwards.
c) When the assy removed, the components can
be accessed:
9- Air conditioning system temperature control
10 - Fan motor speed control
11 - Heating system temperature control (optional)
12 - Clock (optional)
13 - Radio
d) To have access to the nuts securing controls 9,
10 and 11, remove the corresponding knob by
forcing it with 2 screwdrivers, applying the same
pressure to positions with opposite diameters.
Be careful not to damage the plastic 14
components.
e) The heating water valve cable can be released
by removing the fastening clip and disconnecting
the cable end (14).

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