DS54 - (1974) Radiation Effects Information Generated On The ASTM Reference Correlation-Monitor Steels

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RADIATION EFFECTS INFORMATION
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GENERATEO ON THE ASTM REFERENCE
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CORRELATION-MONITOR STEELS
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AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

RADIATION EFFECTS
INFORMATION GENERATED
ON THE ASTM REFERENCE
CORRELATION-MONITOR STEELS
Sponsored by
ASTM Committee E-10 on
Radioisotopes and
Radiation Effects
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR
TESTING AND MATERIALS
ASTM DAT A SERIES PUBLICATION DS 54

Prepared by J. R. Hawthorne
List price $9.75

05-054000-35
~01~ AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

0 11 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103
©by American Society for Testing and Materials 1974
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 74-79014
NOTE
The Society is not responsible, as a body,

for the statements and opinions
advanced in this publication.
Printed in Baltimore, Md.

July 1974
Foreword
This volume is yet another splendid example of scientific and engineering

progress that can be achieved through voluntary cooperation. It is typical of the
programs conducted under the auspices of ASTM which lead to the world
respected voluntary consensus ASTM standards.
ASTM Committee E-10 on Radioisotopes and Radiation Effects is com-
mended for developing this program, conducting the surveillance, and compiling
the resulting data. The information generated from the continuing monitoring of
the effects of radiation on reference steels is of immense value to those who
must design and operate nuclear reactors. The foresight of the committee in
developing such cooperative research points the way to the solution of the
world's energy problems.
W. T. Cavanaugh
Managing Director, ASTM
Related
ASTM Publications
Analysis of Reactor Vessel Radiation Effects Sur-

veillance Programs, STP 48 l {l 970), $26.00
{0448 l 000-35)
Irradiation Effects on Structural Alloys for Nuclear

Reactor Applications, STP 484 (1971),
$49 .25 (04484000-35)
Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical

Properties of Metals and Alloys, STP 529
{1973), $49.50 {04-529000-35)
Contents
Introduction 1
Materials 2
Survey of Materials Distribution 18
Survey of Material Usage 22
Postirradiation Properties-Trend Determinations 24
Tensile Properties 24
Charpy V-Notch Ductility 54
Drop Weight Nil Ductility Transition (NDT) Temperature 56
Dynamic Tear (DT) Performance 56
Postirradiation Annealing Response 58
Postirradiation Data Survey and Tabulation 58
Summary and Conclusions 75
Acknowledgments 76
DS54-EB/Jul. 1974
1
J. R. Hawthorne
Radiation Effects Information Generated on

the ASTM Refe re nee Correlation-Monitor
Steels
REFERENCE: Hawthorne, J. R., Radiation Effects Information Generated on

the ASTM Reference Correlation.Monitor Steels, ASTM DS 54, American
Society for Testing and Materials, 1974.
ABSTRACT: A survey is made of radiation effects information generated on
the first four correlation-monitor materials provided by ASTM to radiation
research and reactor surveillance programs. The survey was performed for
Subcommittee 2 of ASTM Committee E-10 on Radiation Effects and includes
a review of the worldwide distribution and use of the reference materials since
1960. The reference plates were those originally donated to ASTM by the
U.S. Steel Corporation. Individual plates are identified as 6-in. A302-B steel,
4-in. A212-B steel, 3-in. Ni.Cr-Mo (HY-80) steel, and 2-in. T-1 steel.
The report presents extensive tabulations of data as provided by the
recipient laboratories. In addition, trends in radiation effects behavior with
respect to tensile properties, Charpy-V (Cv) notch ductility properties and
postirradiation annealing response are identified and discussed. Nil-ductility
transition (NDT) temperature behavior and dynamic tear (DT) test perform-
ance relative to Cv behavior are also identified for the A302-B and A212-B
reference plates.
The report is in tended as a reference do cum en t for the evaluation and
analysis of data developed by on-going reactor vessel surveillance programs and
a source for data and data trends by which to assess the performance of new
structural steels and to compare the effects of diverse reactor environments.
KEY WORDS: radiation effects, steels, evaluation, structural steels, pressure

vessels, reactors, neutron irradiation, thermal reactors (nuclear)
Introduction
The progressive increase in strength and reduction in notch ductility of
low-alloy steels as a result of neutron exposure are now well recognized nuclear
service phenomena. Substantial progress has also been made toward the
understanding and the prediction of irradiation effects to such steels. The ASTM
1
Metallurgist, Reactor Materials Branch, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D. C.
20375.
Copyright © 1974 by ASTM International www.astm.org

2 RADIATION EFFECTS INFORMATION
recognition, a decade ago, of the need for incorporating a few, well-documented

reference steels in radiation research and power reactor surveillance programs
undoubtably contributed to this technical progress. Such recognition stemmed
from the dual concern for variable radiation embrittlement behavior among
steels and for the potential for (and extent of) radiation response variations with
differing nuclear environment conditions (flux intensity, neutron spectrum). An
additional concern was the proper definition of the nuclear environment with
respect to the significant, that is, damaging, neutron energy levels. It was
projected that the use of correlation-monitor materials would help resolve such
questions.
Four well-documented structural steel plates provided to the Society in 1960
by the U. S. Steel Corporation for radiation effects programs have been
distributed to several United States and European organizations. Distribution of
the reference materials has been under the auspices of Subcommittee 2 of
Committee E-10 on Radiation Effects. This paper represents an effort to survey
the use of the reference materials and to gather radiation effects data generated
to date. The report is intended as: (I) a reference document for the evaluation
and analysis of data developed by on-going reactor vessel surveillance programs,
and (2) a source for data and data trends by which to assess the relative
performance of new structural materials and to compare the effects of diverse
reactor environments. In addition, survey findings help weigh the continuing
need for reference materials by future research and surveillance programs. It is
noted that the original stock of reference materials now stands largely depleted.
Compositions of the four reference plates donated by U.S. Steel include
A-302-B steel (6 in.), A212-B steel (4 in.), Ni-Cr-Mo (3 in. HY-80), and T-1
steel 2 (2 in.). Of these the A302-B composition received the most interest and
effort.
Consistent with aims of this report, data analyses will be developed only for
the definition and illustration of data trends and not to the extent of assessing
the engineering significance of such trends.
Materials
Compositions and heat treatments of the individual reference plates are given
in Tables 1 and 2, respectively [1,2] .3 Preirradiation mechanical properties are
listed in Table 3 [1]. Charpy V-notch (Cv) transition behavior and drop weight
nil-ductility transition (NDT) temperature are compared in Figs. 1-4. Only minor
variations in Cv properties across individual plates have been recorded. Of the
four plates, the quenched and tempered Ni-Cr-Mo plate showed the most
pronounced variation in Cv behavior with test location (see Figs. 4 and 5)[3].
Through-thickness determinations by tensile [4], Cv, and drop weight test
2
United States Steel Corporation proprietary steel designation.
3
The italic numbers in brackets refer to the list of references appended to this paper.
TABLE 1-Chemical composition of reference steel plates ( 1], weight percent.
Thickneu Al, Al,
Plate in. c Mn Si Ni Cr Mo Cu v• Ti" e• Sn N total insoluble
A302-B ladle 0.20 I.JI 0.013 0.023 0.23 0.18 0.48 0.18
(Heat A0421) check 0.24 1.34 0.011 0.023 0.23 0.18 0.11 0.51 0.20 <0.001 o.oi5 0.0001 0.037 0.008 0.040 0.002 :0
A212-B ladle 0.27 0.77 0.013 0,035 0.21 0.20 0.26 0.069 0.004 l>
(Heat A0456) check 0.26 0.80 0.012 0.036 0.22 0.28 0.12 0.034 0.26 <0.001 <0.001 0.0003 0.023 0.007 0.069 0.004 0
Ni-Cr-Mo ladle 0.14 0.22 0.011 0.015 0.20 2.98 1.57 0.54 }:;
(Heat 74L204) check 0.14 0.20 0.011 0,015 0.18 3.01 1.61 0.50 0.065 0.005 0.005 <0.0005 0.005 0.008 0.037 0.006 --1
T-1 ladle 0.16 0.90 0.015 0.015 0.26 0.71 0.55 0.45 0.23 0.05 0.004 0
(Heat 6 8P28 l) check 0.16 0.89 0.014 0.012 0.24 0.66 055 0.40 0.21 0.045 0.003 0.0043 0.026 0.005 0,035 0.005 z
OEstimated wherever (<)precedes the reported value.
m
"Tl
"Tl
m
(")
--1
en
z"Tl
0
:0
:s::
l>
j
0
z
w
TABLE 2-Heat treatment of reference steel plates ( 1,2].
Plate Heat Treatment
A302-B austenitized at 16S0°F (899°C) 6 h, water quenched to 300°F

(6 in.) (149°C); tempered at 1200°F (649°C) 6 h, air cooled (heated
to 1200°F at 63°F (35°C) per hour maximum)
A212-B austenitized at 1650°F (899°C) 4 h, water quenched to 300°F
(4 in.) (149°C); tempered at l l 75°F (635°C) 4 h, air cooled (heated
toll 75°F at 63°F (35°C) per hour maximum)
Ni.Cr-Mo austenitized at 1650°F (899°C) 3 h, water quenched; tempered at
(3 in.) 1175°F (635°C) 3 h, (air cooled)
T-1 austenitized at 1700°F (927°C) 2 h, water quenched; tempered at
(2 in.) 1150°F (621°C) 2 h, air cooled re-tempered at 1166°F
(630°C) 2 h, (air cooled)
methods indicated the good properties uniformity essential for standard

reference materials (see Figs. 6-12).
Assessments of preirradiation plane strain fracture toughness (KJc) have been
performed for the A302-B plate only (Fig. 13) [5) . Similar determinations on
the remaining plates are not planned by any participating laboratories.
Assessments of preirradiation notch toughness by the dynamic tear (DT) test
method4 have been performed for the A302-B and A2 l 2-B plates only (Fig. 14 ).
- - NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY OATA

- USS APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORY OATA
- - - - - BETTIS ATOMIC POWER LABORATORY DATA
LONGITUDINALLY ORIENTED CHARPY V-NOTCli SPECIMENS+----+----+---~
FROM OUARTERTHICKNESS LOCATION
i 91"'-----l-----l.-----l'----l-----+----+----+----+-_,,_O-~
,:
...z~
... NOT
...m
0
BAPL
g (P-1)
I
~ 4'~----l-----l.-----1
I
I
I
TESTING TEMPERATURE, F
FIG. 1-Charpy V-notch transition curves for 6-in.-thick plate of ASTM A302-B steel
[ 1). The drop weight NDT temperature is also shown.
4
MIL Standard 1601 (Bureau of Ships).
RADIATION EFFECTS INFORMATION 5
NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY DATA

USS APPLIED RESEARCH LABORATORY DATA
BETTIS ATOMIC POWER LABORATORY DATA
LONGITUDINALLY ORIENTED CHARPY V-NOTCH SPECIMENS -+-----1----+-----I
FROM QUARTERTHICKNESS LOCATION
NOT
BAPL NRL
(P-1) (P-3)
20 40 60
TESTING TEMPERATURE, F
FIG. 2-Charpy V-notch transition curves for 4-in.-thick plate of ASTM A212-B steel
(1 J.The drop weight NDT temperature is also shown.
2-IN. T-1 PLATE

• U S STEEL
80 (i
o,• NRL T,iT)
Iii
...J
I
• •
;;_so 0 0 0
>-
"'540
z 5.2 k m/cm2
"'
20
.?2~a~o--="=--='='=----~1~so=--__,_1~2=0~--~a~o----4~0,---*o--4~0=---~a~o,.-----,,:120
TEMPERATURE (°F)
-173 -129 -84 -40 4 49
TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIG. 3-Charpy V-notch transition curve for 2-in.-thick plate of T-1 steel.
140
3-IN. HY-80 PLATE /
/ /
120 ,,o/ • /
0 / • /
NOT / /
,, .
(BLOCK II /. / 0
100 -190°F / /
:0
7 80
j/".
. / /
~ I I
>- I I
~ 60 I •
I
SPECIMEN LOCATION
UJ
I IN TEST PLATE
z
UJ
40
i
lo
a I
"
I
•BLOCK 2
o BLOCK 4
20 . /
/ •
./
I
!
0
-340 -220 -180 -140 -100 -60 -20 +20 +60
TEMPE'1ATURE (°F)
FIG. 4a-Charpy V-notch transition curve for 3-in.-thick plate of HY-80 steel. The drop
weight NDT temperature is also shown [3].
3-IN. HY-80 PLATE

120
NOT
100
>- SPECIMEN LOCATION

"'ffi 60
IN TEST PLATE
..,z •BLOCK 5
•BLOCK 6
0 BLOCK 7
40
20
O'--.._...._.....__..__.___..__.~..._..___,__.__..__.___..__.~..._..___,__._~
-340 -300 -260 -220 -180 -140 -100 -60 -20 +20 +60
TEMPERATURE ("F)
FIG. 4b-Notch ductility of 3-in.-thick HY-80 steel showing variations in Charpy-V and
drop weight NDT performance across the plate [3].
TABLE 3-Prei"adiation mechanical properties of reference steel plates ( l) .
Tensile Austenitic
Test° Yield Points, Strength, Elongation, Reduction of Cv Energy at NDT Grain Size
Plate Orientation psi psi %in 2 in. Area,% -f-10°F(-12°C) ° F(°C) Hardnessb (ASTM No.)
A302-B L 67 870 92 800 23.0 65.0 27-28-29 +lQC(-12) Rb92-93 7

(6 in.) T 69 270 93 180 24.0 57.1 18-20-22 -loa'(-23)
A212-B L 47 980 76 080 32.0 64.2 38-3840 ·30C(-34) Rb80-82 6.5
(4 in.) T 55 580 80 850 28.0 61.1 28-29-32 45d(43)
:0
Ni-Cr-Mo L 88 620e 104 100 25.0 73.3 (97 ,118,118)/' -180C(·ll8) Rc21-22 9 )>
(3 in.) T 90 36oe 105 600 25.5 70.8 0
T-1 L 115 oooe 123 850 18.0 61.2 55,59,60 . ..g Rc24-25 8 )>
(2 in.) T 69,70, 74 j
0
0L
z
=longitudinal (R JV-parallel major plate dimension).
T =transverse (WR-perpendicular major plate dimension).
m
"Tl
bOne and three quarter thickness locations. "Tl
L'Naval Research Laboratory determination with 2 by 5 by 5/8-in. drop weight specimens.
m
n
dsettis Atomic Power Laboratory determination with 3 1/2 by 14 by 1-in. drop weight specimens. -t
CJ)
eo.2% offset yield strength.
fcv energy at -120°F (-85°C). z,,
~ot determined.
0
:0
3!:
~
0
z
.------,-----.---.------,-----.---.------.----.----,--
1 I I I I I I
I BLOCK B I BLOCK 7 BLOCK 6 BLOCK 5 : BLOCK 4 : BLOCK 3 : BLOCK 2 I BLOCK I
I DROP I I I
\WEIGHT I
I
tI WDREOIGPHT
NDT-1eo•F1 1 I I NoT-19o•F
I I I I I 1
: I I I I I
I I I I I I
ROLLING
DIRECTION
1 I I I I : 24"
1 I I I I I
1 I I I I I
I I I I
I I I I I I
I I I I I I
I I I I I I I
I I I I I I I
'----~'---~'---'--'--~'---~1 ___. __1___.__1__~1____._~
44 39 22 5 0
----------------48" --------------
FIG- 5-Diagram showing location of various sampling sections in HY-80 steel plate [3].
VI
VI
UJ
a:
:n 100
-'
ct
z
~
z
THICKNESS
60
40
• NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

20
• • MAX UNIFORM STRAIN
O'----'---L---'---'-----'---"----'----'--'
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO
REDUCTION OF AREA (%)
FIG. 6-The nominal stress-reduction of area data bands for A302-B steel plate for the
specimen orientation indicated (4]. Longitudinal orientation data band represents 1 /4T,
l /2T, and 3 /4T test locations.
80
60
7•
40
~ 80
"'"'~ 60
....
"'...
...J
z 40
~
z
80
60
THICKNESS
40

20 •• MAX. UNIFORM STRAIN
20 30 40 50 60
FIG. 7-The nominal stress-reduction of area data bands for A212-B steel plate for the
specimen orientations indicated [4]. Longitudinal orientation data band represents 1/4T,
1/2T, and 3/4T test locations.
140
(MAX UNIFORM STRAIN)
110
100
11•
(/)
(/)
"'.....a:
(/)
...J
<t
z
:E
0
z
40

20
10 20 30 40 50 60 80
REDUCTION OF AREA(%)
FIG. 8-Nominal stress-reduction of area data bands for the four ASTM reference steel
plates (4).
200 6-IN. A302-B PLATE
CHEMISTRY
18 C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17
Mn I. 31 S 0023 Mo 0.47
Si 0.25 NI 0.20
160 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED 1650"F - 2 HOURS, W. Q;
TEMPERED 1200°F- 6 HOURS, F.C. TO 600°F
140
-120
u;
~
rz:::::zJ TRUE STRESS
40
20
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

NATURAL STRAIN ( 8)
FIG. 9-True stress-natural strain and nominal stress-natural strain maximum and
minimum data envelopes for a second lot of unirradiated specimens of A302-B steel plate
[4).
400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-
350 6-IN. A302 -B PLATE
C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17

Mn I. 31 S 0023 Mo 0.47
Si 0.25 Ni 0.20
220
-IBO
Cii
"' 140
b
r
I 10
VI fT. 1308"
l!J 120 I
a: I
ti 100 I
~ 90
a:
1-BO '"' ...,,__,.,.,,,_
70
60 0 - "1
50 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED 1650°F-2 HOURS, W.Q.;
TEMPERED 1200°F- 6HOURS,F.C.l0600"F
40
0.2 Q3 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 Q4 Q5

NATURAL STRAIN-8
FIG. IO-True stress-natural strain data envelope for a second lot of unirradiated
specimens of A302-B steel plate in Jn-Jn coordinates [4].
4-IN. A212-B PLATE

200
CHEMISTRY
C 0.26 P 0.011 Cr 0.20
180 Mn 0.76 S 0.031 Mo0.02
Si 0.24 Ni 0.2 2
HEAT TREATMENT
160 AUSTENITIZED 1650°F - 2 HOURS, W. Q;
TEMPERED 1175°F - 4 HOURS, F.C. TO 600°F
140
-120
;;;
"
---..
UNIRRADIATED
iz::::::::zJ TRUE STRESS

40
20
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 OB

NATURAL STRAIN (8)
FIG. 11-Troe stress-natural strain and nominal stress-natural strain maximum and
minimum data envelopes for one set of unirradiated specimens of A212-B steel plate [4).
400·~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
350 4- IN. A212 -8 PLATE
C 0.26 P 0011 Cr 0.20

Mn 076 S 0031 Mo 0.02
S i 0.24 Ni 022
~180
"'
w
::;)
a::
>- BO
70
60
50 e - "1
s - n2 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED 1650°F- 2 HOURS, w. Q.;
40 TEMPERED 1175°F-4HOURS, F.C. T0600°F
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 02 0.3 0.4 0.5 OB LO

NATURAL STRAIN - 8
FIG. 12-True stress-natural strain data envelope for one set of uni"adiated specimens of
A 212-B steel plate in Jn-Jn coordinates [4).
120
I A 302 8 STEEL I WOL
o 1X
120
ALL DATA POINTS COMPLY

a 2X
100 • 4X 100
WITH SUGGESTED CRITERIA o 1T
80 a8B~ 2.S (:~sr I SPIN

TEST 80
~ 60
60
] 40 40
i
.,;
:a ...%
~ 20 "'z
"'~:::>
20
...""en
It:
O'--~......L~~'--~-'--~--''--~-'-~--'~~-'-~-1.~--10 ~
II!:::>
100~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~100 ~
...t; ~
N
...
It: ANNEALED CONDITION
FATT• 190°F
0
~ 80 80
"'
60
. 60
40 40
20 20
~3~so~--~300~~-~2so~~-200'--~_~1so~~-~100~~-so'--~~o~~so._~~1o8
TEMPERATURE, °F
120
I A 302 8 STEEL I WOL

100
80
SEC•
OPEN POINTS-MEET ALL
1X 0 •
2X a •
4X
1T o•
...
~ 60 SEC'"
REQUIREMENTS EXCEPT
~
a:2.S (KIC
uvs y
j CLOSED POINTS-FRACTURE OR POP
:Ii IN BEFORE SECANT INTERCEPT BUT
FAIL ON BOTH a 8 8 SIZE
""z:c REQUIREMENTS
"':::>
...
0 NORMALIZED AND
TEMPERED CONDITION
~ 0
...
:::>
...u 80
...
It:
0
9 Pl-8S
'"SEC
•SEC
60
"' •SEC
DSEC
40 DSEC
20 ANNEALED CONDITION
0
-200 -1SO -100 -so 0 so 100 1SO 200 2!50
TEMPERATURE, °F
FIG. 13-Plane strain fracture toughness of 6-in.-thick plate of A302-B steel[ 5).
120 120
I A 302 B STEEL I WOL
••
100 ALL DATA COMPUTED FROM LOAD AT IX 0 100
BO
SECANT INTERCEPT •
•
2X D
4X 9 •
1T ... 80
•
r
OPEN-POINTS MEET ALL
REQUIREMENTS EXCEPT
9
•
~ 60 • ~
a:2.5 (KIC
Uys
60
::
----
'j 40 CLOSED POINTS DO 40
ui NOT MEET EITHER -£
t;
"'"'
a ORB SIZE
z 20 <_BAND FOR VALID DATA REQUIREMENTS ~
:c FROM FIG.13b 20
"'::>
f?
NORMALIZED AND
TEMPERED CONDITION
"'t;
Q
0 0 ..J
Ii! !!!
..t"'
IL
BO
ANNEALED CONDITION 9
80
>-
1'
N
0
•
,
0 9
60
" 80
40
--
- - - - - - - - - . . : ; :__ ... D
D
40
20 --~BA;D FOR VALID DATA 20

FROM FIG. 13b
0 0
-200 -150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150 200
TEMPERATURE, °F
FIG. 13-f_Continued)
800
6-IN. A302-B PLATE
(RW ORIENTATION) • 685
:g 600
•
s
>-
"'~400
0: 2
....... 80~
>-
0
..."'z
0:
~
~T
...
~ 200 (0.W.) A 40 ~
>-
IY. / "'
0:
/ <[
/ J:
// (.)
/
0 0
4- IN. A212-B PLATE
(RW ORIENTATION)
0
610
~ 600 •
~
...f5~ 400 (Cvl 80 ~
~
b ...z
0:
~
0
A ...
' /
/, ~
~ 200 NOT
(O.W.) /
/
e 114 T 40 it
/
o ~
/
I/" 3/4 T J:
(.)
/
//.
0 0
80 0 80 160 240 320 ("F)
-40 0 40 80 120 160("C)

TEMPERATURE
FIG. 14-The 5/8-in. DT test performance of the 6-in. A302-B plate and 4-in. A212-B
plate. Drop weight NDT and Charpy-V (Cy) performances are also shown.
Survey of Materials Distribution

Distribution of the correlation-monitor materials prior to 1962 was summa-
rized by Landerman[2] at the 1962 ASTM Symposium on Radiation Effects on
Metals and Neutron Dosimetry. Figures 15-18 from his report indicate the
material recipients and the relative size and location of their respective test
sections. As noted, several laboratories had considerable interest in and had
extensive plans for the A302-B and A2 l 2-B materials. Interest in these particular
compositions was a reflection of the materials of reactor vessel construction at
that time. By comparison, the higher strength Ni-Cr-Mo and T-1 materials carried
only nominal interest.
Table 4 summarizes correlation-monitor material requests received by the
Subcommittee prior to and after 1962. The shaded areas in Figs. 15-18 represent
the amount of stock involved in post-1962 requests. It is evident that
requirements for reference material diminished appreciably after 1962, particu-
larly in radiation effects research studies. The extent of the Naval Research
Laboratory (NRL) use of three of the four materials is only a reflection of
several special research studies 5 and the application of relatively large test
specimens. On the other hand, repeat requests for material by reactor vendors
lllttl11tl~
':i''~
-.;~
,:;-,,..
DISPOSITION
D PRE 1962
(.';;
.,~;;.
_,
BETTIS
WESTINGHOUSE :;:~~
~f~ ~
-
POST 1962 ~0
_;'-;;
PROGRAM
;.-,'
,>:,'. iz:l DESIGNATORS :-~'.
UNKNOWN ',-,-
~,........,........,.........-1'~)~~ ~ U.S.STEEL ~(:
~l~!ls~~(~tr1tf~
- - - 4 9 ' ' -- - - -
FIG. 15-The 6-in.-thick plate of A302-B steel showing the location of stock used for
test specimens and details regarding cutting and marking plate sections for irradiation
program [2]. (Shaded areas indicate stock involved in post-1962 requests.)
5
Special studies have included postirradiation annealing response studies, through wall
embrittlement studies, and studies of modified neutron spectrum effects.
FOUR INCHES THICK ASTM DESIGNATION A- 212 GRADE 8 STEEL PLATE
-~ALLIS
4" CHALMER
I
27
11
NRL
1.~
I
~:: f ,~:.. : :, ;1~wm:~§ 0 "' "" ~:f

-~ ·=~~ :i~;1i~il(((t
1
~4"-1-24"-r--24"-I
11
48
~1-~------------84" L O N G - - - - - - - - - - -
FIG. 16-The 4-in.-thick plate of A212-B steel showing the location of stock used for
test specimens and details regarding cutting and marking plate sections for irradiation
program [2). (Shaded areas indicate stock involved in post-1962 requests.)
THREE INCHES THICK Ni-Cr-Mo STEEL (HY BO MODIFIED) PLATE
11
120
WIDE
DISPOSITION
D PRE 1962
~ POST 1962
,'.~:~l:.. :.,.i 1~ ~ U S STEEL ~~;~~-:,;,,~~
If%~~¥,ii~1f~®~ii\\l~l~l
LONG-------------<
FIG. 11-The 3-in.-thick plate of HY-80 steel showing the location of stock used for test
specimens and details regarding cutting and marking plate sections for i"adiation program
[2). (Shaded areas indicate stock involved in post-1962 requests.)
I\)
TABLE 4-Recipients of reference steel plates. 0
Plate Period Organization Plate Section Size, in. (approximate)

JJ
A302-B (6/59 to 6/62) Westinghouse Electric Corporation )>
24 by 24
(6 in.) (Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory) 2
)>
Oak Ridge National Laboratory 24 by 7 1/2 j
(Solid State Division) 0
Naval Research Laboratory 24 by 27 z
(Metallurgy Division) 24 by 12 m
"Tl
Allis Chalmers Company 18 by 4 "Tl
(Nuclear Power Department) m
(")
Westinghouse ElectPic Corporation 24 by 12 -I
(/l
(Atomic Power Department) 12 by 12
Aktiebolaget Atomenergie 1 plate section° z"Tl
(Metallurgy Department)
General Dynamics Corporation 0
12 by 6 JJ
(General Atomics Division) :!::
6/62 to present General Electric Company )>
(1) 12 by 12
j
(Atomic Products Division) (2) 1 plate sectiona 0
Naval Research Laboratory 24 by 15 z
(Metallurgy Division)
General Electric Company 24 by 24 (stockpile)
(Richland, Washington)
Siemens-Schuchertwerke-AG 12 by 6 section
A212-B (6/59 to 6/62) Westinghouse Electric Corporation 24 by 24
(4 in.) (Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory 24 by 7-1/2
(Solid State Division)
Argonne National Laboratory 24 by 12
(Reactor Engineering Division)
Naval Research Laboratory (1) 24 by 27
(Metallurgy Division) (2) 24 by 12
Brookhaven National Laboratory (1) 12 by 12
(Metallurgy Division) (2) 10 by 5
Allis Chalmers Company 18 by 4
(Nuclear Power Department)
Westinghouse Electric Corporation 24 by 8 1/2
(Atomic Power Department)
Aktiebolaget Atomenergi 1 plate sectiona
(Metallurgy Department)
Babcock & Wilcox Company 24 by 6
(Atomic Energy Division)
(6/62 to present) Naval Research Laboratory 24 by 12
General Electric Company 24 by 18 (stockpile)
(Richland, Wash.)
Oak Ridge National Laboratory 1 plate sectiona
(Solid State Division)
Ni.Cr-Mo (6/59 to 6/62) Oak Ridge National Laboratory 24 by60
(3 in.) (Solid State Division)
Naval Research Laboratory 24 by48
Brookhaven National Laboratory 12 by 12
(Metallurgy Division) lOby 5 :D
)>
Allis Chalmers Corporation 24 by4 0
(Nuclear Power Department) )>
Aktiebolaget Atomenergi 1 plate sectiona -t
(6/62 to present) Naval Research Laboratory (1) 24 by 30 0
(Metallurgy Division) (2) 24 by 72 z
General Electric Company 20 ft 2 (stockpile) m
"Tl
(Richland, Washington) "Tl
General Electric Company 1 plate sectiona m
()
(Atomic Products Division) -t
(/)
T-1 (6/59 to 6/62) Oak Ridge National Laboratory 24 by 54

(2 in.) (Solid State Division) z
"Tl
Naval Research Laboratory 24 by 48 0
(Metallurgy Division) :D
Aktiebolaget Atomenergi 1 plate sectiona s:)>
(Metallurgy Division) -t
(6/62 to present)b Naval Research Laboratory (1) 24 by 30 0
(Metallurgy Division) (2) 24 by 72 z
aSection size not recorded. I\)

bNone placed in archive material stockpile.
FIG. 18-The 2-in.-thick plate of T-1 steel showing the location of stock used for test
specimens and details regarding cutting and marking plate sections for i"adiation program
[2). (Shaded areas indicate stock involved in post-1962 requests.)
for surveillance programs indicated a continuing need of correlation-monitor

materials. To explain the fonner, observations of heat-to-heat variability in
radiation embrittlement sensitivity enforced a need to evaluate other plates of
similar composition. A second factor responsible for decreasing requests for the
correlation-monitor materials is the present selection of A533-B steel over
A302-B for new reactor construction. 6 Fortunately, this change coincided
approximately with the depletion of the A302-B reference steel plate stock.
Subcommittee 2 has acquired a replacement correlation-monitor material,
12-in.-thick A533-B Class I plate, 7 from the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC)
Heavy Section Steel Technology (HSST) program for future surveillance studies.
Requests for this material can be obtained by writing the ASTM E-10
Subcommittee.
Survey of Material Usage

To survey actual usage of the correlation-monitor plates, the form question-
naire, Appendix I, was addressed to all laboratories having received one or more
plate sections. Survey results are indicated in Table 5. The response level was
6 A533-B steel is a nickel-modified A302-B steel with a quench and temper heat
treatment.
7 AEC HSST Plate 02.
TABLE 5-0rganizations responding to reference steel questionnaire.
Reference Steel Received Data Developed
Questionnaire
Organization Answered A302-B A212-B Ni-Cr-Mo T-1 A302-B A212-B Ni-Cr-Mo T-1
Westinghouse Electric Corporation yes x x yes yes

(Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory)
Oak Ridge National yes x x x x no no no no
Laboratory
Argonne National Laboratory yes x yes :a
Naval Research Laboratory yes x x x x yes yes yes yes l>
Brookhaven National yes x x yes yes 0
Laboratory :;
Allis Chalmers Company no x x x -I
Westinghouse Electric Corporation yes x x yes yes 0
(Atomic Power Department) z
Aktiebolaget Atomenergie no x x x x m
Babcock & Wilcox Company yes x no "T1
General Dynamics Corporation yes x yes "T1
(General Atomics Division) m
(")
General Electric Company yes x x yes no -I
(Atomic Products Division) Ul
General Electric Company yes x x x no no no
(Richland, Wash.) z
"T1
Siemens-Schuchertwerke-AG yes x no 0
:a
:s::
l>
-I
0
z
N
w
approximately 90 percent. In some instances where inquiries elicited no reply

the research activity stands disbanded, or cognizant individuals have left the
organization.
The survey clearly indicates that planned efforts by some major laboratories
did not reach fruition. In terms of interest Table 5 may be somewhat misleading
in that past interest of major reactor vendors in the correlation-monitor
materials may not be truly indicative of their interest in vessel surveillance
programs. For example, in-house reference materials have been adopted by
some, and materials from the AEC HSST program are being used by others.
Moreover, it must be kept in mind that the utility owner makes the ultimate
decision on the nature and extent of surveillance in any one reactor plant. For
guidance in this decision there is ASTM Recommended Practice for Surveillance
Tests for Nuclear Reactor Vessels (E 185-73).
Of the various material recipients, NRL probably has developed the most
comprehensive set of information on postirradiation mechanical properties for
the case of test reactor and power reactor irradiations. The most extensive
information on the reference materials resulting from just power reactor
surveillance programs has or (ultimately) will stem from Westinghouse Electric
Corporation (Nuclear Energy Systems (NES)) efforts.
Postirradiation Properties-Trend Determinations

General postirradiation mechanical properties trends are illustrated in Figs.
19-53. The trends reflect significant effects of exposure temperature, fluence
level, steel composition, and microstructure. On the other hand, neither a strong
dose rate dependence nor an effect of applied stress on irradiation responses has
been revealed by research involving these and other steels. Similarly, stress relief
annealing or prior temper embrittlement have not been found to exert an
appreciable individual influence on irradiation behavior.
In viewing trend performance, it must be kept in mind that neutron spectrum
conditions can influence apparent material response. Specifically, thermal
neutrons under certain conditions (high-thermal neutron population compared
to the fast neutron population) can account for a significant portion of the
observed embrittlement and strength increase. In typical light water moderated
test reactor environments, however, the fast neutron spectrum has an overriding
effect.
Tensile Properties
Tensile properties changes with cumulative radiation exposure at low
temperature (<300°F, 149°C) are illustrated for the four steels in Figs. 19-35.
The general effects of neutron exposure are shown as increased strength and
reduced ductility. Yield strengths normally rise faster than ultimate tensile
strengths; percent uniform elongation values decrease more significantly than
percent reduction of area values.
IA 302-B PLATEI
140
C.20
Mn 1.31
Si .25
p .012
s .023
Ni .20
Cr .17
·;;; Mo .47
~ 100
(/)
(/)
Ill
a:
.....
(/) 80
..J
"'
~
:::!:
0
z 60
40 * NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

** MAX UNIFORM4 STRAIN
ta 68 mb, Mn5 , FISSION
0'--~~-'-~~~-'-~~~~~~--'~~~~~~~~~~~'--~~__.~~
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
REDUCTION OF AREA (~l
FIG. 19-Comparative nominal stress-reduction of area curves for A302-B steel plate
after indicated neutron radiation exposures at <25(f' F ( 12J°C) [4].
120
I A 212-B PLATE I
9 2 C.26
,5 x 1o' n/cm >I Mev t
Mn .76
Si .24
P .Oii
s .031
Ni .22
Cr.20
:: Mo.02
If)
If)
"'a:
I-
If)
60
..J
<(
32*
z
i
0
z 40

** MAX UNIFORM STRAIN
tO' 68 mb, Mn 54, FISSION
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
REDUCTION OF AREA ( %)
FIG. 20-Comparative nominal stress-reduction of area curves for A212-B steel plate
after indicated neutron radiation exposures at <25ff' F ( 121°C) (4].
160 I HY-80 PLATE I

C.14
Mn .21
Si .19
P.011
140 s .014
Ni 2.91
Cr 1.55
·;; Mo .54
~ 120 v .04
I/)
I/)
Al .06
w
a:
I-
I/) 100
...J
<I:
~
::i:
0
z 80

* * MAX UNIFORM STRAIN
tu 68 mb, Mn54 • FISSION
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
REDUCTION OF AREA ('I'.)
FIG. 21-Comparative nominal stress-reduction of area curves for HY-80 steel plate after
indicated neutron radiation exposures at <25(/' F ( 121°C) (4].
IT-I PLATE!
9 2 c .13
9.5 x 1o' n/cm >I Mev t
Mn .B5
2 Si .24
2.3 x 1019 n/cm >I Mev t p .013
140
s .013
Ni .64
Cr .67
Mo .40
:; 120 v .06
!/)
!/)
w
0:
f-
"'100
....I
ct
z
:IE
0
z BO
60 • NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

• • MAX UNIFORM STRAIN
tu 6B mb. Mn5 4 • FISSION
O'--~~--'-~~~-'-~~-.J'--~~-'-~~~"'-~~--'~~~...._~~--''----'
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO
FIG. 22-Comparative nominal stress-reduction of area curves for T-1 steel plate after
indicated neutron radiation exposures at <25(/' F (l 21°C) [4].
"'
TENSILE YIELD
STRENGTH STRENGTH
40~
o,e•- UNIRRADIATED
a,• - 2.3 x 10 11 n/cm 2 > I Mev
6,A -9.0 1t 10 11 n/cm1 >I Mev
20~
*SOLID SYMBOLS' NICKEL STEELS
OPEN SYMBOLS: LOW NICKEL STEELS
O I I I I I I I I I
~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ i i
FIG. 23-The tensile and yield strengths for the four ASTM reference steel plates after
neutron radiation at <25(/' F ( l 21°C} to the fluence levels indicated [4].
1.00
4J - ..., e-
~'~ 0.50
~
0, • UNIRRAOIATEO
o,• 2.3 & 10'• n/crn 1 >1 Mew
6., A 9.0 ll 101• n/crn 1 >I Mew
0.2
..... 2 0.1
0 o.a • IS:]
'°
40
~
t 30
z
2
... 20
"'~
0 10
...
...J •1RRAOIATED SPECIMENS USUALLY
BROKE OUTSIDE GAGE LENGTH
0
•
70
LoJ
60
0
•l 23] Cb
___ o
0
...
0
50 a------- -o-
tl i
>= .. 6 - - \ - - !>-- - ---.ti
uw 40
=> er
...er
c ..
30
20
;·o • 10
19
ntcm2>1 Mev
...
10
0
0 CJ) CJ)
T
... CJ)
I
>-
I
"'0
I
"'c;;
J:
"'"' "'
SOLIO SYMBOLS: NICKEL STEEL
FIG. 24-Additional strength and ductility properties for the four ASTM reference steel
plates after neutron irradiation at <25(!' F (121°C) to the indicated fluence levels [4).
250
:c
I-
"'z
"'a:I- 200
9.0 X 10
19
n/cm 2 >I Mev
"'
~
"'u;...J
z 150
"'I-
~ '- 2.3 X 10 19 n/cm 2 >I Mev
"'"'z
~
100
<t
:c
u
I-
z 50
"'ua:
"'
Q.
:c
I-
"'z
"'a:I-
"'0
...J
"';;:
~
"'"'z<t 100
:c
u
I-
z
~
"'ua: 50
"'
Q.
"'
~ 100 ~
<t 23 ; ....-...:::10_'_" _,,.,__ _ ~
G~
I- a:
~
u
a:
50
\I' 90 X 10 19 n/cm 2
"'
Q. t;.
0 m m
I m I I
I-
,..
I
"'0 "'(\i
:c
"'<t <t
SOLID SYMBOLS: NICKEL STEEL

FIG. 25-The percent change in the tensile and yield strengths and reduction of area
with indicated neutron exposures at <25(]° F ( 121°C) (4 J.
6-IN. A302-B PLATE

200
IBO
~
60
~TRUE STRESS C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17
(a ) UN IRRADIATED Mn I. 31 S 0023 Mo O!fT
(b) 2.3 • lo'9n/cm2(>1Mev) Si 0.25 Ni 0.20
40
(c)
HEAT TREATMENT
20 AUSTEN I Tl ZED 1650°F - 2 HOURS, W Q;
TEMPERED 1200°F - 6 HOURS, F. c. TO 600°F
0 0~~-o~.,~~o~.2,...-~~o.~3~~0~.4~~0~.5,..-~o~~.,.-~-o~.7~~0.e
NATURAL STRAIN ( 8)
FIG. 26a-True stress-natural strain and nominal stress-natural strain maximum and
minimum data envelopes for A 302-B steel plate for indicated radiation exposures at <250" F
(121°C) (4).
6-IN. A302-B PLATE

200
~NOMINAL STRESS
180
IZ::ZJ TRUE STRESS
(a) UN IRRADIATED
160 9 2
( b) 2.3 x 1o' n/cm (;.I Mev)
140
-120
iii
"
-.,.,.
(b)
~
60
CHEMISTRY
40 C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17
Mn 1.31 S 0023 Mo o.47
Si 0.25 Ni 0.20
HEAT TREATMENT
20
AUSTENITIZED l650°F - 2 HOURS, W Q;
TEMPERED 1200°F - 6 HOURS, F. C. TO 600°F
0 0~~-0~1,---~o~.~2~--..,.o~.3~---,o~A~~o~.5~~-oLs~~o~.7~~0.0
NATURAL STRAIN ( 8)
FIG. 26b-True stress-natural strain and nominal stress-natural strain maximum and
minimum data envelopes for a third lot of specimens of A302-B steel plate. The indicated
radiation exposure was at <25(!' F ( 12 l°C) [4].
400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--,
350 6-IN.A302-B PLATE
300 P 0.012 Cr 0. 17
s 0023 Mo 0.47 14
Ni 0.20 ,,. =1831f
\
I .,.1e1 8,15
,,. = 1428'
\<T=l488'
I
04
01
I
\I '
\
I~
~x 1
LOAD LOCUS (&Mel ·:t, _,./'
~ 140
VI
::l120
0::
..... I
<r>IOO
.... I
::>
0::
90 I
..... 80 I I .1s
= 1658
1~28' 11
!T
70 !T •
60 c:» - n,
0 - "2
50 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED 1650"F-2 HOURS, W. Q. ~
TEMPERED 1200"F-6 HOURS, F. C. TO 600°F
40
02 0.3 04 0.5 OJ 02 03 0.405 OB l.O

NATURAL STRAIN - 8
FIG. 21a-True stress-natural strain data envelopes for A302-B steel plate in Jn-Jn
coordinates. The analytic expression for each curve segment is given for true stress in ksi
[4].
400.----~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~--,
300 C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17

Mn 1_31 s 0.023 Mo a47
260 Si Q25 .Ni 0.20
220
~180
~
~ 140
"'::]120
a::
tii100
~ 90
~ 80
(a) UN IRRADIATED
70 19 2
(b) 2.3 x I 0 n /cm > I Mev
60 <> - n 1
m - n2
50
HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTEITTIZEO 1650°F-2 HOURS, W. Q_;
40 TEMPERED 12oo•F-6HOURS, F. c_ TO 600°F
02 03 0.4 0.5 OJ 02 03 0.4 05 OB 1.0

NATURAL STRAIN- 8
FIG. 21b-True stress-natural strain data envelopes for a third lot of specimens of
A302-B steel plate in Jn-Jn coordinates. The indicated radiation exposure was at <25(!' F
(J 2l°C). The analytic expression for each curve segment is given for true stress in ksi(4].
4-IN. A212-B PLATE

200
CHEMISTRY
C 0.26 P 0.011 Cr 0.20
180 Mn 0.76 S 0.031 Mo 0.02
Si 0.24 Ni 0.22
HEAT TREATMENT
160 AUSTENITIZED 1650°F-2 HOURS, W.Q;
TEMPERED 1175°F-4HOURS, F.C. TO 600°F
140
~
~
40
(al UNIRRADIATED
9 2
(bl 2.3 • 1d n/cm (>1 Mevl
20 9 2
(cl 9 • 1d n/cm
00~~-o~.1~--,o~.2~~0~.3~~~0.~4~~0~.s~~o~.6~~0~.1,,_~o~.8
NATURAL STRAIN (8l
minimum data envelopes for A 212-B steel plate for indicated radiation exposures at <25(/' F
(121°C} (4).
400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

C 0.26 P QOll Cr 0.20
Mn 075 S 0031Mo0.02
Si 0.24 Ni 022
220
~140
"':3120
a:
..,~100
~ 90
a:
,_ BO
t-.-c.,.:·:·."
70
60
50
"-n, HEAT TREATMENT
., - nz AUSTENITIZEO 1650°F-2HOURS, w. Q.;
40 TEMPERED 1175°F-4HOURS, F. C. TO
0.2 0.3 Q4 05 0.1 02 0.3 0.4 0.5

NATURAL STRAIN - 8
FIG. 29-True stress-natural strain data envelopes for A212·B steel plate in Jn.Jn
(4).
3-IN HY-80 (Ni-Cr-Mo) PLATE

200
180
NOMINAL STRESS
TRUE STRESS
60 (a) UNIRRAOIATED
(bl 2.3•1o' 9 n,tnh•I Mev)
CHEMISTRY
(c ) 9 • lo' 9 n/cm2
C 0.14 P OOll Cr 1.55 Al 006
40 Mn 021 s 00!4 Mo 0.54
Si 019 Ni 2.91 V 004
20 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED l~F- 3 HOURS, W.Q;
TEMPERED 1175°F-3 HOURS, A.C.
QI 0.2 03 04 05 06 0.7 OB
NATURAL STRAIN (8)
minimum data envelopes for HY-80 steel plate for indicated radiation exposures at <25(/' F
(12l°C)(4].
400~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-,
350 3-IN.HY-80 (Ni-Cr-Mo) PLATE

C 0.14 P 0011 Cr 1.55 Al 0.06
""021 s 0.014 Mo 054
260 Si 019 Ni 291 V Q04
02
er= 1788·
04
I rr=l708·
II .075
-180 I I rrr • 1408
c;;
"
b 140
I
(/)
i:i120
0:
:;; 100
~ 90
0:
... 80
70
60 0 - "•
"' - "2
50
HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENTIZED 1650°F-3 HOURS, W. O.;
40 TEMPERED 1175°F-3HOURS, A. C.
02 0.3 04 05 1.0
NATURAL
FIG. 31-True stress-natural strain data envelopes for HY-80 steel plate in Jn-Jn
(4].
2- IN. T-1 PLATE
minimum data envelopes for T-1 steel plate for indicated radiation exposures at <250" F
(l 21°C) [4].
4QO.--~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---,
350 2-IN. T-1 PLATE

P 0.013 Cr 0.67
S 0.013 Mo 0.40
Ni 064 V 006
I D•
I u ~ 1508° 5
o - n, I "~ 170803
"'
ii! c - n2 I
03
... 80 C7 =1848·
70
60
50 HEAT TREATMENT
AUSTENITIZED 1700°F-2 HOURS; W. Q.;
TEMPERED 1150° F- 2 HOURS;
40 RE-TEMPERED I 165°F-2 HOURS; A. C.
0.2 0.3 0.4 05
FIG. 33-True stress-natural strain data envelopes for T-1 steel plate in Jn-Jn
coordinates. The analytic expression for each curve segment is given for trne stress in ksi
[4).
(ksiJ 6-IN A302-B PLATE

150
e,o YIELD STRENGTH*
•.o TENSILE STRENGTH*
e.• < 450F IRRADIATION • 75
0,0 550F IRRADIATION I - -
* e 75F EXCEPT AS ~(75Fl- •
125
.
~ ----·
J: ~ - •300
G
z 07!!.-- (300F) - -
"'~ 100 • -
•300- - 3lll350
450 -- - -
- - •450
-•550
IJ)
'/ e --
21300 550 - 2•450,550_ 075550-(450F) - - - -
. / 300' ~ ~-- f3~(550F)
/ ...! 5 ~- - e550 2~;go
75
YS
50
0 0.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1ox101
FLUENCE (n/cm2 > IMeV)
FIG. 34-Yield and tensile strength of A302-B steel plate as a fanction of fluence for
various exposure temperatures.
-----------
4-IN A212-B PLATE
e,o YIELD STRENGTH*
(ksi) •.o TENSILE STRENGTH*
125 e,• < 450F IRRADIATION
o,o 550F IRRADIATION
* e 75 F EXCEPT AS NOTED
I
_o -(75)----
100 "I~----
•I~. B~gg,55o
J:
G
z
/,.... 0
-1450
TS 0350 - (450) - -
"'>-a: •450-
2 0 450,550 - (550)-
-1550
IJ)
-·450 --~50
/
/
50 Y.S
/.~
0.5 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1ox1ol9
FLUENCE (n/cm2 > IMeV)
FIG. 35-Yield and tensile strength of A212-B steel plate as a fanction of fluence for
various exposure temperatures.
6-IN A302-B PLATE
(PLATE SECTION 1)
UNIRRADIATED IRRADIATED
100 550°F, L7xlQ19 n/cm2 > IMev
iii
...J LONGITUDINAL (L)
(i!' 6Bmb,Mn>4, FISSION)
I
>- BO
LI. "'·''"""'== 78 ft-lb
,_
"a:w 60
, , _ 55(LI T
z
w / ,13 fl-lb
45 ft-lb / - : : . - - - - 4 l(T) _._
40 /0
····~~£_--140"---./"'°
20
__ ,... __ ,..,. /
/
:0
0 )>
0
(PLATE SECTION 2)
);
100 :::!
0
UNIRRADIATED IRRADIATED 2
iii
BO
LONGITUDINAL (L)
""';~;;:;.... 71ft-lb
< 280°F, /,I x 1()20n/cm 2 > /Mev
,.,,.,
m
...J
I
60 m
>-
LI.
,_ TRANSVERSE (T) Q
(/)
46 ft-lb
"
a: 40
w
z ,.,z
w 0
20 :0
3:
)>
O'--'---'--'---'-----'-L-j__-'--'--'---'-L-j__--'--'--'---'__Jc_J__-'----=:=..L..--'---'c_J__...J.._-'--'---'--''--.........,,...,,_-'-.,.-' -I
-120 -BO -40 0 40 BO 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 0
TEMPERATURE (°F) 2
FIG. 36-Notch ductility performance of the ASTM reference A302-B steel plate in the
RW and WR orientations with i"adiotion exposure at 55fl" F (288"C) and at low (<28fl" F,
13/f'C) temperatures [7].
6-IN. A302-B PLATE e 550° F, 3.4 x IO"n/cm• >I MeV

Q 550° F(iB6"C) 4.8 x 10"
ll 650°F(343°C)4.I XIO"
<J 740° F (393°C) 5.6 x 10"
(ii' 68 mb,Mn",FISSION)
100
"'7
I- 80
"-
>-
..."'a::z 60
...
40
TEMPERATURE (°F)
-85 -62 -40 -18 4 27 49 71 93 116 138 160 182 204

TEMPERATURE (°C)
FIG. 31-High-temperature/high-fluence i"adiation response of the ASTM A302-B

reference plate [ 8) .
6- IN A302-B STEEL
(ASTM REFERENCE)
12-IN A533-B STEEL

('F) <300°F (149°C) IRRADIATION ("C)
PLATE 01, 02 ASTM A302-8 REF. PLATE
400 WELO 50 222
< 300'F IRRADIATION •

550'F IRRADIATION e
350
~
UJ
a. 300 167
~
I-
~
;::
;;; 250
z
a'!
I-
~
.
"'0 200 Ill
"'u>
i!:
UJ 150
"'"'!;! 550°F SENSITIVITY RANGE
A533 PLATE ANO WELDS
u
!!ii
100
50
NEUTRON FWENCE (XI0 11 n/cm1 ) > IMeV
FIG. 38-/ncrease in Charpy V-notch (Cy) 30-ft·lb (5.2 kgm/cm•) transition temperature
with increasing fluence at <30(/' F ( 149°C) and at 55(/' F (288°C). Data for the thick section
A533-B Class I plates (OJ and 02) and the weld deposit are shown relative to trends for the
A 302-B ASTM reference plate and for other A533 plates and welds [ 11).
z
0
'::
Cf)
~
~
..c
~
1018 101• 1020

INTEGRATED NEUTRON EXPOSURE
(n/cm 2 >I Mevl
FIG. 39-/"adiotion embrittlement for ASTM 6-in. A302-B reference steel. The
half-filled points represent data obtained from the Yankee Atomic Power Plant accelerated
exposure surveillance capsule [19]. Trend band for <45(!' F i"adiotions summarize
observations for several different low-alloy steels.
~ 400,1-~~~+--~~~-1-~-1-~-+-~~~-+~~~---j
""
"'
Q:
!£
"'
Q:
::::J
!;;
Q:
"'::i;
ll.
"'....
....0
z
101& 1019 1021

INTEGRATED .NEUTRON (n/cm2 >I Mev)
FIG. 40-lncrease in the NDT temperature of A212..IJ steel resulting from neutron
irradiation at various temperatures(lO). Numbers adjacent to data points refer to
irradiation temperatures (' F). (NDT increase based on Cv 30-ft·lb transition temperature
increase.)
• 540
1F-~~~+---J~+-t---=·~ ~"t-~~~-t-~~~1100
64 0
EXPOSURE (n/cm2 > I Mev)
FIG. 41-lncrease in the NDT temperatures of quenched and tempered (HY-80, T-1)
steels resulting from neutron i"adiation at various temperatures [ 10).
4-IN. A212-B PLATE
120
Mfl}I UN IRRADIATED
ii)IOO
_J ~t{ ANNEALED
I LONGITUDINAL Ill
t- 80 650°F-48hr
LL IRRADIATED
20
Ill <280°F, I.I x l0 n/cm'>1Mev
>- 60
(.!)
0::
~ 40
w
ITI --.-
20
o.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__.__'--'--''---'--'--'--'--'--'--'--'--'--'--'--'---'---'--'
-80 -40 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560
TEMPERATURE (°F)
FIG. 42-Charpy-V notch ductility_ characteristics of A212-B steel in the unirradiated,

i"adiated, and posti"adiation annealed conditions showing the radiation response in the
longitudinal and transverse directions [ 19).
6-IN. A302-B PLATE
.<300°F (149°Cl IRRADIATION
~100 (ASTM REFERENCE)
I 0 550°F <2ee cl IRRADIATION
0
1-
lJ.. @(TlWR ORIENTATION
~ 80
~
(.!) -·...::- - -......o 0
a::
~ 60
-.Q, _ ""!'~ :'..9":.0- - - -Ql.-0- -550°F---0--63FT-LB (L)
w I' e ~ - - - ---L - -../'<300°F e
'" - - - - o'
- - - 1n--550°F
..A-(44 FT-LSI- -""'K" (LI
r .., ll
)>
lJ.. 0
...J
w )>
I 20 ..l\rilSFT-LSl - - _ . ( T l -t
Vl
Ci
z
___.__ _,___
FLUENCE
o~--'--~
0 2
L . __ _ . __
3
_ . _ _ _ . __
4
__,_ _ _4~_._-'---L--'--'---'----~
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (x I0 19
n/cm 2 l >IMeV ,,,,m
~
500F(288oC)6?.5 92.2 (KSI) m
YIELD
STRENGTH
EXPOSURE
..
i~~ris~~rc.i -~1_ _ _ _1~~-1.1_ _1_12,_1._2_ _ _1_..2?_.3_ _ _ _""'__.1~_5_ _ _ _"'_,11_s_ _ _ _"'__Llf_I_ _ ___JI
3,4.2 I KSI)
~
(/)
,,z
FIG. 43-Decrease in the Charpy-V shelf energy level of the ASTM A302-B reference 0
plate with increasing fluence at <30(]' F (149°C) and at 55(]' F (288"C). Concomitant yield ll
strength increases (0.2 percent offset) for various f/uence conditions are also shown[S].
s:
~
0
z
• < ~OO°F l 149°C) IRRADIATION

0 550°F(288°C)IRRA01Af10N
f&tn WR ORIENTATION
140 0.1 • ~ x 10 19 > I MeV
120
>-
I
!E
~80
w
>
u
"'- A302-8
;;:j60 REFERENCE
I PLATE ,,. ~·
(/') 14 23 ..
10
@m-- i
40 -oi"--?- - \ ...
3.7
5 2 korn/cmZ \
I
20 .{Tl
"
0 0'--~2~0~-40_._~~GO~~aLo~-,oo-'-~,~20~---',40~~,GOL----~,ao-'-~200_._~2~20
YIELD STRENGTH ( KSI l
FIG. 44-Trend in Charpy- V shelf energy reduction versus yield strength increase for the
neutron i"adiated AS7M A302-B reference plate and various A533 plate and weld metals.
Shaded enclosures for the A533 steels represent data for multiple grades and strength classes
of thick section materials before and after i"adiation at 55(/' F (288°C). Numbers such as
3. 7 adjacent to individual data points indicate measured neutron fluences (in 101 ' n/cm•)
(8).
211
~ -
"ia240
~280
::::
-!-...12a
~I ..
I
llTHllL
• l212l 1201
• Ul2l SHH
• IELI IETIL
.. 120 llO
4TrFI IOT
200 240 210 320
FIG. 45-Equivalence of the NDT and Charpy-V curve t:.T shifts due to i"adiation (12).
12-IN. A533-B CLASS 1 PLATE
QUARTER THICKNESS 1 WR ORIENTATION
120 1200 UN IRRADIATED IRRADIATED <300°F (149°Cl

YIELD STRENGTH 71.6 KSI 2.8x10 19 n/cm2 )IMeV
FISSION~ 68mb,54 Fe
100 1000 . - - - 99 FT-LB YIELD STRENGTH• 123.I KSI
co
...J DYNAMIC TEAR
500 ~ 800 . - . - - - - - - 830 FT-LB
I
~
I- >-
~60 ~
UJ
600
Cy-64FT-LB
>- z
l!)
DT-490FT-LB JJ
a:: UJ )>
~40 b400 CJ
UJ 5.2k~/c"'2• )>
> -t
(.)20 200 0
z
m
0 0 ~
~
-120 -80 -40 0 40 80 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 m
(')
TEMPERATURE (°Fl Ci!
I I
-85 -40 4 49 93 138 182 227 271 316 z
~
TEMPERATURE (°Cl 0
JJ
s:)>
FIG. 46-Comparison of the Charpy-V (Cy) and DT test performance of a thick A533-B
-t
Class 1 steel plate (plate 02) before and after <301J' F ( 14fl"C) i"adiation. All specimens 0
were taken from the quarter thickness location and represent the transverse (WR) test z
orientation ( 11].
160
I: I
A533 B STEEL
NON-IRRADIATED CONDITION
POINT PLATE I. D. TEST LOCATION*
140 I 1-12" s 10- SURFACE l
2 1-12 0 10-l/4Tl
3 1-12 0
4 2-12 0
5 1-63/e s
6. 1-s 31a 0
120 7 1-63/e H 18-1/2 Tl
8 1-63/e 0
9 1-63/e H
10
II
2-s'1'a
51/e
0
0
*0 RW ORIENTATION
B 100 12 6 0
jJ WR ORIENTATION
I
~
13 I- 6 0
14 2- 6 0
15 3-6 0
>-
(!) 16 ES WELD-6 0 101
0: 80 11
w 17 A302-8 71/4 0
z 18 A543(1l 8 0 A 533 - B STEEL
w
19 IRRADIATED CONDITION
LL.
_J
20 PLATE l. 0. LOCUS* IRRAdN FLUENCE Ix 1019 1
TEMP ("Fl n/cm 2 >I MeV
w 60
J: 21 1-12" S l.l <300 l149Cl 3.3
VI 22 1-12 o 1e1 <300 3.1
> 23 I - 12 0 <300 2.8
u 24 2-12 0 <300 2.7
25 1-12 0 550 l288Cl 2.7
40 26 2-12 0 550 2.8
27 2-63,\i 0 585 l307Cl 0.9
28 2-63t'a 0 585 3.5
29 a 11a 0 <300 3.0
30 6 0 550 3.1
20 31 A543 Ill a" 0 1t1 <300 3.5

32 A543 Ill 8 0 550 2.7
33 A543 121 8 01+1 585 1.2
34 A543 121 8 0 I.,. l <300 3.7
00'--~-'-~-20~0~--'~~4~00~--'~~600-'-~--'--~-e~oo~---''--~1000-'-~-'--~-1200,.,.,,~-'--~---'
1400
%-in. DT SHELF ENERGY (ft-lb)
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10,000

I-in. OT SHELF ENERGY (ft-lb)
FIG. 41-Pre- and postirradiation comparisons of Cv and DT shelf energies from
numerous plates of A533-B. Comparisons are also illustrated from two plates of A543 steel,
an A302-B plate, and an A533 electroslag weld [13].
6- IN A 302-8 PLATE
80
<II
.J
I
...
... 60 IRRADIATED
. 540°F
"a:~ 40
LU
o.__........~......_~.__~~_._~.___._~~~~~~...._........~......_~.__~~-'-~'---'-~~--'
-100 -60 -20 +20 60 100 140 180 220 260 300
TEMPERATURE ( °Fl
FIG. 48-Response of the ASTM A302-B reference plate to various low temperature heat
treatments after 54(/' F (282°C) i"adiation (Naval Research laboratory).
6 IN. A302B PLATE UNIRRADIATED
80
600°F ANNEAL
~ (DIFFERENT TIMES)
*
,. -..-
IRRADIATED
i;6o
." • I•
/ 8 2
(280°F, 7.4 x 1o' n/cm l
ei4o .y-~
z -190"- - - - - --,
LU 9-;r-~-- - - - - - 240"-
~ .... e .4 6 HR
20 _.......- e 12 HR
~
•
24 HR
168 HR
* > IMev
60 100 140 180 . 220 260 300 340 380 420
TEST TEMPERATURE (°F)
FIG. 49-Response of the ASTM A302-B reference plate to 60(/' F (316°C) heat
treatment after low temperature (28(/' F, 138°C) i"adiation in the Brookhaven graphite
reactor (BGR) (Naval Research laboratory).
4 IN. A2128 PLATE

UNIRRADIATED
80
600°F ANNEAL
(DIFFERENT TIMES)
•.-:1: -· IRRADIATED 2
.
18
(280°F, 7.6x10 n/cm *>
20
-60 -20 +20

_...
60 100
/
----.-;.(~:::~~::--=-=i.iii'!::-'
_,4 A 9HR
e ISHR
: ~H~R
140 180
7
220 260 300 340
* > IMev
380 420
TEST TEMPERATURE (°F)
FIG. SO-Response of the ASTM A212-B reference plate to 60(J'F (316°C) heat
treatment after low temperature (28(J'F, 138°C) i"adiation in the Brookhaven graphite
reactor (BGR) (Naval Research Laboratory).
* sw•F-24
t~•F IRRADIATION
HR ANNEAL
INCREASE JN RESIDUAL EFFECT

WITH SUCCESSIVE CYCLES
~ .
1018 1019 1021 1022

INTEGRATED NEUTRON (n/cm2 >I Mev)
FIG. 51-NDT temperature behavior exhibited by A302-B steel (ASTM reference plate)
at various stages of cyclic i"adiation-annealing treatments[20). The experiment involved
two half capsules. Capsule 1 established first cycle performance. Capsule 2, i"adiated
simultaneously with Capsule 1, was annealed subsequently (out of reactor) and rei"adiated
to determine second cycle performance.
~ 4001-~~~-+-~~~---+~-4"-"--4---1-~~~-+-~~~--I
<[
"'a:
!zl
"'a:
::> INCREASE IN NOT
.....
<[
WITH SUCCESSIVE
a: IRRAOIATION-ANNEAL CYCLES"
"'n.::E
"'.....
.....
c
z
INCREASE IN RESIDUAL EFFECT
WITH SUCCESSIVE CYCLES
1020
INTEGRATED NEUTRON EXPOSURE (n/cm2 >I Mev)
FIG. 52-NDT temperature behavior exhibited by A212-B steel (ASTM reference plate)
at van·ous stages of cyclic i"adiation-annealing treatments (Naval Research Laboratory).
C/l
.....
C/l
t "'.....
"'VI 0..... 400
<[
"'ua: 0z
;;:; >
I
"'::>a: >-
::: 300
..... <[
<[
:c
a: u
~ z
:Ii 0
"'..... ~ 200
..... 0
0
z "'
VI
<[
"'
1018 1019 1020 1021 1022

INTEGRATED NEUTRON EXPOSURE (n/cm2 >I Mev)
FIG. 53-NDT temperature behavior exhibited by HY-80 steel at various stages of cyclic
irradiation-annealing treatments [ 20] .
Under elevated temperature {>450°F, 232°C) exposure conditions,

radiation-induced property changes tend to be less as a result of dynamic
recovery behavior. Dynamic recovery of tensile properties can be appreciable as
indicated in Fig. 34 for A302-B steel and in Fig. 35 for the A212-B steel.
Postirradiation biaxial stress performance has also been investigated using the
A302-B plate [6] . Uniform strains recorded for internally pressurized tube-type
specimens were much less than for uniaxially loaded tension specimens for all
exposure conditions studied. Nonetheless, radiation-induced changes in ductility
were generally independent of the principal stress ratio (Table 6).
Charpy-V Notch Ductility

Figures 36 and 37 illustrate the Charpy-V (Cv) notch ductility behavior of the
A302-B reference plate with low temperature (<300°F, 149°C) and elevated
temperature exposure conditions. For this steel, dynamic recovery increases with
TABLE 6-Biaxial and uniaxial test results for 6-in. A302-B reference steel platea
(stresses are true stress in thousands of psi) (Courtesy Gulf General A tomic-P. W. Flynn).
Fluence
Test x JO'' Yield
Temperature E >1 MeV Point Stress, max Strain, max
0°C 0 (uniaxial) 70 100 0.100

0 70 92 0.062
8.5 (uniaxial) 99 106 0.032
5.0 88 94 0.016
7.1 91 94 0.010
9.5 96 98 0.010
12.0 98 101 0.009
66°C 0 (uniaxial) 63 91 0.072
0 63 80 0.023
7 .2 (uniaxial) 87 97 0.027
5.0 83 84 0.007
7.9 83 87 0.009
9.4 82 88 0.012
149°C 0 (uniaxial) 67 94 0.077
0 57 76 0.032
8.5 (uniaxial) 78 88 0.031
5.0 72 77 0.010
7.1 70 77 0.009
9.5 80 87 0.019
12.0 82 83 0.009
asingle test results. Values for effective stress, a, include the effect of pressure, since
compressive stresses as high as 10 percent of the axial (or circumferential) stresses were
present owing to the small specimen size and high internal pressure.
hEffective strain values, E", were calculated on the basis of measured values for E"zz, and
E°99. Poisson's ratio was assumed to be 0.5 in the plastic range.
irradiation temperature in the range of about 450°F (232°C) to 750°F (389°C)

(normal case). Comparable radiation effects on longitudinal (strong-RW orienta-
tion) and transverse (weak-WR orientation) properties are also noted in Fig. 36.
Postirradiation Cv 30 ft-lb transition temperatures increases 8 of R Wand WR test
orientations, in general, have been found to compare well for A302-B and
A533-B steels [7).
Trend data for the A212-B plate suggest irradiation responses similar to those
of the A302-B plate. On the other hand, data for the Ni-Cr-Mo steel indicate
parallel notch ductility behavior for exposures between 250°F (121°C) and
650°F (361°C), but not for exposure temperatures above 650°F (361°C). The
reason for the deviation is the temper embrittlement susceptibility of the
Ni-Cr-Mo composition. Studies of another heat of Ni.Cr-Mo have demonstrated
clearly that temper embrittlement and radiation embrittlement can be additive
effects [8). Postirradiation data for the T-1 plate a~e not well developed, but, on
the basis of alloying composition, its behavior under elevated temperature
radiation exposure probably would be comparable to that of the Ni-Cr-Mo plate.
Figure 38 relates Cv 30 ft-lb transition temperature increase to fluence at
temperatures <300°F (149°C) and at 550°F (288°C). The data, though acqiiired
from experiments in several difference irradiation facilities, are found quite
consistent. Embrittlement develops quite rapidly up to a fluence of about
1 x 10 19 n/cm 2 ; above 1 x 10 1 9 n/cm 2 , embrittlement buildup is less rapid, ~nd
some indication of embrittlement saturation appears. New data by NRL[9)
show that the embrittlement process continues with 550°F (288°C) irradiation
beyond 5 x 10 19 n/cm 2 , however; a transition temperature increase of 400°F
(222°C) has been recorded for the A302-B plate for a fluence of "'1.5 x 10 2 0
n/cm 2 >l MeV.
Figure 39 depicts an alternate method which has been used to compare the
results of different exposure temperature-fluence conditions. A single trend band
represents all <450°F (232°C) irradiation data and illustrates the finding [1 OJ
that many steels have similar irradiation responses at low temperatures and that
little if any dynamic recovery occurs in the irradiation temperature range of
ambient to 450°F (232°C). Data for the A212-B, Ni-Cr-Mo, and T-1 plates are
plotted using semilog coordinates in Figs. 40 and 41. Figure 42 provides
documentation of the comparable radiation embrittlement tendencies of the
A2 l 2-B plate in strong and weak test directions.
The trend of Cv shelf energy decrease with increasing fluence is shown in Fig.
43. Open data points refer to <300°F (149°C) exposure conditions; filled data
points refer to 550°F (288°C) exposures. Paralleling the trend of transition
8 Tue Charpy V-notch 30-ft·lb (5.2 kgm/cm 2 ) temperature is often used as a convenient,
arbitrary index of brittle/ductile transition for pre-postirradiation comparisons of steel
performance.
temperature increase given in Fig. 38, shelf values for the strong orientation
decrease markedly during the fi~st 1 x 10 19 n/cm 2 >1 MeV fluence interval after
which a strong tendency toward saturation of irradiation effect is evident. Data
for the 550°F (288°C) exposure condition define a plateau in the fluence
interval I to 5 x 10 19 n/cm 2 . Limited data for the weak plate orientation
(transverse-WR) would suggest a similar trend to that described by the strong
orientation {longitudinal-RW) data.
Figure 44 compares the relative decrease in Cv shelf energy and increase in
yield strength 9 of the A302-B reference plate with progressive exposure. Again,
filled points refer to the <300° F {149° C) exposure condition, and the open
points refer to the 550°F {288°C) exposure condition. Comparable {3-stage)
trend patterns have been indicated individually by thick A533-B plate and welds
(including HSST plates 01 and 02)[ 11] and by thick A543 {Ni.Cr-Mo)
plates [8].
Drop Weight Nil-Ductility Transition (NDT) Temperature

Studies by NRL have demonstrated good (1: I) correspondence between
radiation-induced Cv 30 ft-lb transition temperature increase and drop weight
NDT temperature increase. Figure 45 [12] shows results for several low-alloy
steel plates aud weld metals. Each data point represents a simultaneous exposure
of Cv and drop weight (Type P-3) specimens. Data for Cv versus drop weight test
comparisons for the A302-B and A212-B reference plates are given in Table 7.
Note that the independent determinations of transition temperature increase
agree within 10°F (6°C). Postirradiation Cv transition curves for both materials
feature a rapid rise in fracture energy over a narrow temperature interval; thus,
the difference in Cv index for pre- and postirradiation NDT temperatures is of
little real importance.
The conclusion from data given in Fig. 45, Table 7, and elsewhere[J3] is
that the increase in Cv 30-ft-lb transition temperature can be taken as a fair
approximation of NDT temperature increase for low- and medium-strength steels
such as the A302-B, A2 l 2-B, and Ni-Cr-Mo reference steels. One proviso is that
Cv shelf energy levels cannot be too greatly reduced by the radiation exposure.
Postirradiation shelf values for both examples in Table 7 exceeded 45 ft-lb.
Dynamic Tear (DT) Performance

Postirradiation dynamic tear (DT) test characteristics of the four reference
plates have not been established. However, general correlations between Cv and
DT test behavior have been observed for the pre- and postirradiation conditions
with other similar low-to-medium strength steels [11, 13] . As a result of two
correlations, Cv data for three of the four reference steels 1 0 have been provided
9 Ambient temperature tests.
10 Tue T-1 steel may not obey the transition and shelf level correlations.
TABLE 1-Comparison of Charpy V-notch 30-ft·lb transition temperature increase and drop weight
nil-ductility transition (NDT) temperature increase by i"adiation at <30(]> F (149°C).
Charpy V-notch 30-ft-lb Temperature NDT Temperature c. Energy at NDT :Il

)>
Initial Irradiated Increase Initial Irradiated Increase 0
Reference Fluence" Initial, Irradiated, )>
l'late n/cm' >I MeV "F ·c "F ·c llT°F llT°C OF oc °F °C t>T°F llT°C ft-lb ft-lb
--1
A302-B I.Bx 10 19 IS -9 31S IS? 300 167 10 -12 300 149 290 161 27 IS 0
A212-B 1.1x10 1 ' s -IS 2SS 124 2SO 139 -30 -34 230 110 260 144 19 IS z
Clflssion spectrum auumption. ,,m,,
m
("")
cil
,,z
0
:Il
s:
)>
--1
0
z
(J1
.......
both engineering significance and a means of critical interpretation. For

example, the postirradiation increase in 50 percent Cv energy transition
temperature was shown comparable to the increase in 50 percent DT energy
transition temperature for a number of A533-B[Jl] and A543 steel plates[J3].
For the thin section (~3 in.) case, the 50 percent DT energy transition
temperature, in turn, iS a relatively good approximation of the fracture
transition elastic (FTE) temperature, an important parameter for fracture safe
design. An illustration of the correspondence observed between Cv and DT
transition behavior is given in Fig. 46.
Studies of relative Cv and DT upper shelf energy values before and after
irradiation resulted in the second correlation[J3]. As noted in Fig. 47 the ratio
of Cv shelf energy and DT shelf energy is 8 .0: I, over a broad range of pre- and
postirradiation toughness conditions. The Cv shelf level toughness condition thus
can be described and interpreted with Ratio Analysis Diagram (RAD)
procedures with the aid of yield strength information[JJ]. Procedures for RAD
evaluation of the shelf level toughness condition are given in detail elsewhere
[14,15].
Posti"adiation Annealing Response
Three of the reference plates (A302-B, A212-B, and Ni-Cr-Mo) have been
examined for postirradiation annealing response. Significant recovery of pre-
irradiation properties has been demonstrated for each steel under certain
neutron exposure-heat treatment conditions. Illustrations of annealing response
are offered in Figs. 48-53. Figures 51-53 denote performance under cyclic
irradiation-annealing conditions. Substantial control over total embrittlement, as
measured in terms of transition temperature increase, can be achieved by this
technique in some instances. The technique has been applied to an actual reactor
vessel (Army SM-IA) for embrittlement relief[J6]. For the case of Ni.Cr-Mo
steel and most high-alloy steels, annealing heat treatment conditions must be
selected with care to avoid temper embrittlement formation or other undesirable
time-temperature dependent phenomenon.
No effort shall be made here to fully document or qualify annealing responses
because material composition, exposure history, and heat treatment jointly have
such pronounced influences on recovery behavior and because data taken at face
value can be very misleading. One general observation, however, can be stated:
higher irradiation temperatures, fluence accumulations, and embrittlement
accrual normally lead to higher residual embrittlement for any given set of heat
treatment conditions for annealing recovery.
Postirradiation Data Survey and Tabulation

Data developed on the postirradiation tensile properties, notch ductility
properties, and others are compiled in Tables 8-15 or presented in Figs. 54-59.
For simplicity, the data have been grouped according to contributing
organization.
TABLE 8-Radiation induced changes in Charpy-V (Cv) notch ductility of 6-in. A302-B reference steel plate.
Cv 30-ft-lb Transition Postirradiation Neutron
Reporting irradiation Temperature
2
Fluence,0 Temperature increase Shelf Energy, Experiment
Site F c n/cm >I MeV x 1019 t.•F t.•c ft-lb ldentificationb
Naval Research <300 <149 0.008 0 0 91 IRL-3

Laboratory 0.014 0 0 87 IRL-3
0.036 20 11 84 IRL-3
0.035 35 19 68 IRL-1
0.059 50 28 68 lRL-1
0.065 55 31 69 lRL-2
0.091 50 28 82 IRL-3
0.099 50 28 67 IRL-1
0.114 70 39 67 lRL-2
0.140 80 44 80 lRL-3
0.160 80 44 66 IRL-1
0.186 120 67 64 IRL-2
0.22 85 47 62 Yankee Surveillance
0.25 125 69 78 lRL-3 JJ
)>
0.26 I05 58 59 lRL-1 0
0.31 150 83 59 lRL-2 );
0.48 205 114 67 KE-le
205 52 KE-Id j
0.47 114
0.50 180 100 51 lRL-2 0
KE-le 2
0.57 230 128 62
0.50
0.55
170
205
94
114
..67
50
LlTR-(18)8H
BGR-IO
,,,,m
0.74 240 133 52 BGR-10 m
(")
0.78 240 133 58 CVTR
0.75 205 114 56 LlTR-49(47C) -i
(I)
0.75 170 94 59 UCRR(C3)-JC
0.85
0.80
230
200
128
Ill
..65
81
UTR(55)-6
LITR(l8)-3 ,,2
1.0 250 139 LITR(l8)-3 0
JJ
0.89
0.91
265
265
147
147
79
51
KE-2c
KE-2<'
s:
)>
1.1 275 153 62 KE-2e j
1.2 215 119 49 LlTR(53)-50C 0
1.25 220 122 51 LITR(28)-49C 2
0.63 165 67 IRL-3
1.3 265 147 64 MTR-19
1.7 300 167 55 UTR(53)-87C Ul
1.8 300 167 54 MTR-17 <O
CJ)
TABLE 8-(Continued) 0
C, 30-ft-lb Transition Postirradiation Neutron

Reporting Irradiation Temperature Fluence,a Temperature Increase Shelf Energy, Experiment
2 :0
Site F c n/cm >I MeV x I0 19 t."F t."C ft-lb ldentificationb lo
0
1.8 290(DW) 161 MTR-17 ~
1.8 2SS 142 61 LITR(l8Hi2C -I
2.0 31S 17S S7 LITR(S3}-2SB 0
2.0 29S 164 S2 LITR(S3}-2SC z
2.1
2.2
290
300
161
167
SS
S7
LITR(SS)-84H
MTR-20 ,,,,m
2.3 360 200 6S KE-3c m
2.S 3IO 172 69 KE-3d (')
2.8 360 200 60 KE-3e -I
(/l
3.1 3IO 172 SS LITR(43}-72C
3.1 31S 17S S6 LITR(43}-72C z,,
7.0 40S 22S 41 MTR-26
IO.O 38S 214 48 MTR-33 0
214 40 MTR-30 :0
11.0
11.0
38S
18(T) MTR-30 s:
lo
400 204 o.s 130 72 61 LITR(l8}-8 j
4SO 232 0.5 140 78 ""63 LITR(l8}-8
0
464 241 0.73 191 106 SI LITR(l8}-8 z
490 254 1.4 200 Ill 51 LITR(SS }-31
sso 288 0.2 so 28 81 UCRR(D3}-14H
550 288 o.s 6S 36 ;>65 LITR(l8}-8
I.I 140 78 69 LITR(57}-88H
l.S ISS 86 S7 LITR(S3Hi8H
1.7 140 78 SS UTR(SS}-11 IH
1.7 41T LITR(SS H II H
2.1 140 78 ;>60 LITR(l8}-IOSH
2.3 160 89 69 LITR(SS}-99H
3.0 IS5 86 6S LITR(43}-108H
3.1 ISS 86 63 LITR(SS}-S4H
3.1 130 72 56 LITR(5S }-S4H(HAZ)
3.1 165 92 59 LITR(43}-86H
3.1 160 89 61 LITR(43}-86HSRA
3.1 170 94 60 LITR(SSHilH
3.0 16S 92 ..ss LITR(l8}-13
3.3 ISS 86 S2 LITR(l8}-4SH
3.4 180 100 64 LITR(43}-89H
3.9 195 108 >48 LITR(l8}-20H
4.8 19S 108 64 LITR(S5 }-SSH
5 225 125 -46 Yankee Surveillance
585 307 7.1 165 92 58 BRPR
600 316 2.6 135 15 -66 LITR(55}-SOH
650 343 3.0 110 61 >58 LITR(18H3
4.1 90 50 >65 LITR(43}-95H
700 371 1.7 30 17 63 LITR(18}-42H
750 399 3.0 65 36 2:63 LITR(18}-13
5.6 65 36 75 IJTR(43)-98H
Gulf General <450 <232 0.27 67 37 72 ETRI
Atomic [5) 0.45 95 53 63
7.6 201 111 49
We•tinghouse (2 I) 510 266 0.25 to 0.30 87 48 TRINOI
(22) -525 to -274 to 0.22 85 47 62 Yankee l(W)
450 232 5 -225 -125 -47 Yankee !(A)
7 -260 -144 Yankee !(A)
9 310 172 40 Yankee !(A)
(21/ -soo -260 -0.3 80 44 74 WReactor I
(21) -550 -288 0.2 85 47 W Reactor 2
Bettis Atomic 470 to 520 243 to 271 0.35 65 36 EXPA ll
Power Labora.tory [2 3) 18.0 375 208 EXPA )>
0
°Fission spectrum assumption. );
blRL=Industrial Reactor Labora~ory, (Plainsboro, N. J.). ::!
Yankee=Yankee Atomic Power Reactor (Rowe, Mass.). 0
KE=Hanford K Production Reactor East. 2
LITR=Low Intensity Test Reactor (Oak Ridge National Laboratory).
CVfR =Carolinas Virginia Tube Reactor (Parr, S. C.).
,,,,
m
BGR=Brookhaven Graphite Reactor. m
MTR=Materials Test Reactor (National Reactor Test Station).
ETR=Engineering Test Reactor.
c 1.8: I thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio.
~
d5.0: I thermal/fast >0~5 MeV ratio. 2,,
•9.0: I thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio.
0
ll
::::
)>
::!
0
2
TABLE 9-Radiation induced changes in Charpy-V (Cy) notch ductility of 4-in. A 212-B reference steel plate. en
Cv 30-ft-lb Tunsition
"'
Irradiation Temperature Temperature Increase Postirradiation Neutron
Reporting Fluence,a Shelf Energy, Experiment :D
)>
Site "F ·c n/cm' >l MeV xlO" 11°F 11°c ft-lb ldentificationb 0
)>
Naval Research $300 ~149 0.44 200 111 60 KE-IC
Laboratory 0.47 215 119 60 KE-Id :::!
KE-le 0
0.51
0.55
200
255
111
142
60
52 BGR-10
z
0.66 210 117 .,55 L1TR(l8)-8 m
"Tl
0.70 200 111 .. 53 LITR(49)-l 7 "Tl
0.70 210 117 53 L1TR(49)-21B m
(')
0.70 205 114 >51 L1TR(49)-21C -I
0.75 175 97 58 UCRR(C3)-1C Ul
0.76 260 144 >48 BGR-9
0.75 180 100 56 L1TR(55 )-15C z
"Tl
0.78 185 103 64 LITR(l8)-2 0
0.78 215 119 48 L1TR(49)-47C :D
0.78 250 139 58 CVTR s:)>
0.80 205 114 58 L1TR(55)-15A
0.84 235 131 58 KE-2C :::!
0.88 240 133 KE-2d 0
0.92 245 136
56
54 KE-2e
z
0.95 245 136 >55 L1TR(55)-6
1.0 215 119 64 L1TR(l8)-2
1.1 195 108 60 L1TR(41)-14
1.1 245 136 44 L1TR(53)-36C
1.1 250 139 47 MTR-18
1.1 260(DW) 144 MTR-18
LI 195 108 60 L1TR(41)-14
1.2 245 136 48 L1TR(53)-50C
1.3 260 144 -60 MTR-19
1.3 280 156 -46 L1TR(53)-39C
1.3 245 136 48 L1TR(28)-49
2.1 290 161 -56 L1TR(l8)-12
2.2 290 161 ... 50 MTR-20
2.4 300 167 50 KE-3C
2.5 300 167 50 KE-3d
2.5 300 167 50 KE-3e
2.5 295 164 -54 L1TR(l8)-l l
2.5 290 161 48 L1TR(53)-55C
2.7 275 153 50 LITR(28)-16
2.9 300 167 50 LlTR(28)-16
11.0 380 211 38+25(T) MTR-30
15.3 .,500 278 32 MTR-27
400 204 0.66 180 100 -51 LlTR(l8)-8
430 221 2.6 305 169 -51 LlTR(l8)-ll
450 232 0.66 200 111 57 LlTR(l8)-8
464 241 0.35 175 97 68 HWCTR
490 254 1.4 230 128 44 LlTR(55)-31
500 260 2.9 250 139 42 LlTR(55)-34
510 266 2.2 210 117 -58 LlTR(l8)-12
550 288 0.66 100 56 61 LITR(l8)-8
3.1 235 131 51 LlTR(55)-54H
3.1 200 111 50 LlTR(55)-54H-HAZ
3.3 215 119 53 LlTR(l8)45H
4.8 220 122 -52 LlTR(55)-85H
15.0 400 222 34 ATR-3
650 343 4.0 140 78 57 LlTR(55)-27
700 371 1.7 90 50 >55 LlTR(l8)42H
Westinghouse 520 271 0.39 to 0.48 120 67 W Reactor 3 :IJ
Electric Corporation( 2 /] )>
Bettis Atomic 470 to 520 243 to 271 0.11 70 39 EXP A 0
Power Laboratory(23) 15.0 360 200 EXPA )>
-I
aFission spectrum assumption. 0
hsee footnoteb Table 8. z
ci.8:1 thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio.
d5.0:l thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio. .,,m.,,
e9.0:l thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio.
m
n
-I
(J)
.,,
z
0
:IJ
s::
)>
-I
0
z
a>
w
::0
)>
0
)>
:::!
0
z
TABLE I 0-Radiation induced changes in Charpy- V (Cy) notch ductility of 3-in. Ni-Cr-Mo reference steel plate.
,,,,m
Cv 30-ft-lb Transition m
Irradiation Temperature Temperature Increase Postirradiation Neutron C"l
Reporting Fluence,a Shelf Energy, Experiment Cil
Site OF ·c n/cm' >I MeV x IO" l>oF t>·c ft-lb ldentificationc
Naval Research <300 <149 1.3 190 106 115 LITR(41)-14

,,z
0
Laboratory I.I 185 103 -80 LITR(53 )-36C ::0
2.0 265 147 ...b LITR(53)-25B s:)>
2.1 245 136 ...b LITR(53)-25C
2.8 270 150 >85 MTR-21 :::!
2.9 275 153 >75 LITR(28)-16 0
7.9 490 272 40 MTR-26
z
490 254 1.4 100 56 >90 LITR(55)-31
550 288 3.0 145 81 -90 LITR(l8)-13
650 343 3.0 llO 61 >95 LITR(J8)-13
750 399 3.0 225 125 >60 LITR(l8)-13
DFission spectrum assumption.

bNot determined.
csee footnoteb Table 8.
100
DOSE
I HI x 10-lll)
15
• • CONTROL
a • 0
a
1.60 10
. .... • a <>
0 • <>
2.40,2.63,3.00
3. 72. 3. 75. 4.80. ~.83
:a
u
:a
/ a
x 69.8, 81.9
•...•
..J
0
~
I
10 I 80
...
..
.,>-a:
...z • I 0
...
E
......z JJ
...
...u I 40 u
:
)>
Q
)>
!
! I ! -I
Ci
z
5
I m
"Tl
I 20 "Tl
m
()
-I
CJ)
x z"Tl
_../
0
0
0 JJ
-50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 ~50 400 s:
)>
TDIPEllATUllE c•c1
-I
FIG. 54-6-in. A302-B reference steel plate. Impact energy versus temperature for full Ci
size (Cy) specimens, first irradiation (threshold value for flux monitor, 4.2 Me V) (after Gulf
z
General Atomic [6).
0)
<J'I
TABLE 11-Tensile properties of 6-in. A302-B reference steel plate. a C>
C>
Yield
Irradiation Flue need Test Strength' Tensile Reduction
Jl
=i~~b
Plate Ex~,ent Temperature. (>I MeV), Temperature, (0.2% offset), Strength, of Area, Elongation,
Section OF x 10" n/cm2 OF ksi ksi % % )>
0
L 0.0 75 69.3(max) 92.0 68.2 32.6 ))
(1/4,1/2, 63.8(rnin) 84.5 66.0 26.5 :::!
3/4T) 66.l (a>g 10 tests) 87.9 67.3 28.4 0
L
(1/4, 3/4T)
0.0 250 62.0
61.2(a>g 2)
82.S 66.9 24.2 z
350 82.8 65.3 23.1
T 0.0
450
75
63.0
67.3(max)
85.0
90.3
63.1
54.0
21.8
23.8
.,,m.,,
(l/4,3/4T) 64.S(rnin) 87.0 56.6 26.7 m
65.9(a>g 2) 88.7 55.4 25.3 C')
Th 0.0 75 65.8(max) 84.3 22.4 14.3 -I
(1/4,1/2,
en
63.3(rnin) 82.1 14.5 8.6
2
3/4n
L
(l/4,3/4T)
0.0 75
64.2(a>g 5)
68.3(max)
65.S(rnin)
83.3
91.7
19.1
67.3
12.1
30.5 .,,z
90.0 62.2 26.9 0
67.6(a>g 6) 90.8 65.1 28.7. Jl
L LITR(l8)-32C <250 2.4 75 l 20.4(a>g 2) 120.4 53.9 .. ·;I ~
(3/4T) 300 101.0 101.0 58.7 .. ·; )>
450 91.0 94.0 52.3 ···; :::!
550 84.8 93.0 52.3 0
L MTR-29 <250 9.6 75 134.2 134.4 49.S i
···; z
(l/4T) 300
450
116.8
103.0
116.8
107.0
55.0
46.7
.. ·;
...i
550 99.3 99.S ...x ···;
650 88.5 96.0 ...x ...
L 0.0 75 65.6(a>g 2) 87.9 64.1 26.3
(3/4T)
<•~=~~~RAY
L 0.0 75 62.4(a>g 2) 83.9 67.3 27.2
(l/4T)
L MTR-36 <250 5.9 75 131.7(a>g 2) 132.1 54.3 12.4
(3/4T)
L(SRA) MTR-36 <250 5.9 75 128.7 128.7 54.0 13.0
(l/4T)
L MTR-37 <250 6.2 75 128.S(a>g 2) 128.S 43.2h 10.ah
(3/4T)
4 L 0.0 75 71.8(max) 94.3 66.9 31.4
(l/4,3/4T) 66.0(rnin) 88.6 60.2 22.3
70.7(a>g 10) 92.3 64.8 27.2
L IRL-4 <250 0.()7
(3/4T) 0.11
75 83.2 97.S ...x
75 85.S 98.0 ...x
0.19 75 88.4 97.6 ...x
0.31 75 94.2 102.2 ...x
050 7S 100.0 104.S . ..t ...{
L BNL(44)-10 <300 0.7S 7S !03.6(avg 2) 114.1 S2.0 19.4
(l/4,3/4T)
HWCTR(G.R.) <4SO 0.73 7S 965 109.6 S6.l 215
CVTR(IO-L) <300 0.78 7S 110.1 111.2 49.0 IS5
L LITR(S3)48C <2SO 0.8S 7S 101.l(avg 2) 102.4 62.7 21.S
(l/4T) 300 90.8 92.8 S8.7 18.7
sso 84.8 90.S S3.4 20.1
L LITR(28)-66C <2SO 1.3 7S ll 2.2(avg 2) 112.2 S0.7 IS.4
(l/4T)
L LITR(SS)-77H sso 3.7 7S 92.2 107.4 S9.7 i
···;
(l/4,3/4T) 3SO 865 102.0 SO.I ...,.
4SO 84.0 !OS.2 42.0
sso 82.S 106.2 41.3 ...I
L KE-ii <2SO O.Sl 7S 98.6 98.8 63.4 21.4
(l/4T) 1k avg 100.2 100.2 62.7 20.2
I~ 101.7 101.7 62.2 19.2
KE-2' <2SO 0.97 7S 109.0 109.0 61.7 14.S
2:2. avg 110.9
110.8
110.9
110.8
61.S
62.0
14.8
14.9
KE-JI <2SO 2.S 7S 1185 118.6 S:V.6 13.2
3k avg 121.1 121.2 Sl.6 13.4 :0
31 121.9 121.9 S2.2 13.S )>
0
5>
DNaval Research Laboratory data; see also Gulf Geoeral Atomic data, Table 6 and Siemans-Schuchertwerke data, -I
Table IS. 0
bL=longitudinal (parallel to primary plate rolling directiou). z
T=transvene (perpendicular to primary plate rolling direction).
Th=thickness (parallel to plate thickness direction). m
"T1
<s.e footnote" Table 8. "T1
"Fission ii = 68 mb, 54 Fe. m
eD.25 2-in.-diameter specimen. (")
!stress relier annealed by six cycles at 112S°F for 30h total. -I
en
INot available.
~One determination only. z
1
Specimen broke out or I in. gage length. "T1
il.8:1 thermal/fast >0.S MeV ratio. 0
(.!.0:1 thermal/fast >O.S MeV ratio. :0
9.0:1 thermal/fast >O.S MeV ratio. :!::
)>
::!
0
z
a>
-.J
TABLE 12-Tensile properties of 4-in. A212-B reference steel plate. a a>
(XI
Yield
Irradiation Fluenced Test Strengthe Tensile Reduction
Plate Specimen Experiment Temperature, (>I MeV), Temperature, (0.2% offset), Strength, of Area, Elongation, ll
;I>
Section Orientationb No.c "F xlO" n/cm' "F ksi ksi % % 0
;I>
L 0.0 1S S4.3(max) 85.3 67.0 31.7 -t
(1/4,l/2,3/4T) 4S.3(min) 74.0 63.6 30.6 0
49.6(avg 1 tests) 80.4 64.S 31.2 z
T 0.0 1S S3.8(max) 85.2 S9.1 42.S
(1/4,l/2,3/4T) 47.6(min) 70.9 49.0 26.7 ,,,,m
S0.9(avg 7) 79.0 ss.o 33.3
m
Th 0.0 1S 4S.S(max) 73.0 17.4 13.3 (')
(-l/2T) 43.8(min) S2.0 11.6 10.0 -t
(/I
44.4(avg 4) 70.7 IS.4 11.6
L KE-If <2SO 0.47 1S 92.6 95.8 62.S 24.S z,,
(1/4T) IK avg 87.S 88.S 60.2 24.8
1h 9S.3 97.2 62.9 24.2 0
KE-2' <2SO 0.88 1S 93.6 94.S 61.0 23.I ll
2K avg 94.4 95.1 S9.9 22.3 ~
;I>
2h 94.8 95.4 62.S 22.S
KE-lf <2SO 2.S 1S IOS.4 105.6 SS.I 14.0
:::!
0
3K
3h
avg 116.2 116.2 S4.6 13.6 z
llS.2 115.2 S3.8 14.4
2 L 0.0 1S S4.0(max) 87.0 67.3 4S.O
(1/4,3/4T) 43.0(min) 73.S 60.7 36.S
48.0(avg 8 tests) 78.7 64.2 39.7
3SO 39.3 76.4 6S.S ...i
4SO 37.7 67.4 S9.2 ...i
sso 40.S 77.2 46.I .. .i
7SO ... (avg 2) 62.6 71.1 ...i
L LITR(S 3)-48 <2SO 0.8S 1S 83.8(avg 2) 85.1 61.4 24.7
(1/4T) 4SO 54.I 70.8 ss.o 26.7
sso 46.9 71.4 SO.I 30.1
7SO 40.6 64.8 66.0 d
L HWCTR (GR) <4SO 0.3S 1S 73.0(avg 2) 89.S ss.o 23.9
(3/4T) BNL(44)-10 <300 0.7S 1S 88.7(avg 2) 100.1 SS.6 21.7
CVTR, 10-L <300 0.78 1S 9S.S(avg 2) 96.6 47.3 18.S
L LITR(43)-77H sso 3.7 1S 88.8 104.S S6.I ...i
(1/4,3/4T) 3SO 79.7 101.8 46.7 ...i
4SO 73.6 98.4 44.3 ... i
sso 73.7 98.2 40.7 ...i
650 ... (avg 2) 45.5 48.7 ...i
L 0.0 75 49.9(max) 80.1 67.3 40.3
(1/4,l/2,3/4T) 43.8(min) 72.8 60.2 32.6
45.6~avg 6 tests) 75.2 64.6 35.5
L LITR(55}-15C <300 0.75 75 83.7 88.2 54.1 19.8
(1/4T)
L MTR-20 <300 2.2 75 99 .8(avg 2)k 102.5 37.2
(1/4T)
L LITR(l 8}-32 <250 2.35 75 98.9(avg 2) 98.9 58.1 .. j
(1/4T) 450 71.1 76.0 56.6 .. j
550 73.0 48.4 .. j
650 54.0 75.0 58.2 .. j
750 48.5 62.7 65.5 .. j
L MTR-29 <250 9.6 75 112.2(avg 2) 113.9 46.3 .. j
(1/4T) 450 86.0 86.3 44.3 .. j
550 78.2 78.2 .. j
650 64.5 77.0 51.2 .. j
750 54.0 77.0 58.2 .. j
L LITR(18)-11 <450 2.5 75 96.2(avg 2) 105.4 46.7 16.9
(1/4T) JJ
L LITR(l 8}-12(A) 275 2.1 75 98.5(avg 2) 99.7 57.0 15.9 l>
0
(1/4T) LITR(l 8}-12(B) 510 2.1 75 87.9(avg 2) 104.9 56.3 21.2 j;
L LITR(55)-27 650 4.0 75 65.2 88.9 59.0 30.5 -I
(1/4T)
0
aNaval Research Laboratory data; see also Brookhaven National Laboratory data, Figs. 56-59.
z
bL=longitudinal (parallel to primary plate rolling direction). m
"Tl
T=transverse (perpendicular to primary plate rolling direction). "Tl
Th=thickness (parallel to plate thickness direction). m
c See footnoteb Table 8. n
-I
dFission a= 68 mb, ' 4 Fe. (/)
e 0.25 2-in.-diameter specimen except as noted.

fl.8:1 thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio.
z
"Tl
K5.0:l thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio. 0
h9.0:l thermal/fast >0.5 MeV ratio. JJ
i Not available. s:
ispecimen broke out of I-in. gage length. l>
-I
ko.180-in.-diameter specimen.
0
z
en
tO
TABLE 13-Tensile properties of 3-in. Ni-Cr-Mo reference steel plate.a
"0
Yield :Il
)>
Irradiation Fluenced Test Streng the Tensile Reduction
Plate Specimen Experiment Temperature (>I MeV), Temperature, (0.2% offset), Strength, of Area, Elongation, !:2
Orientationb No.c "F )>
Section x!O'' n/cm' "F ksi ksi % % -I
L 0.0 75 93.5(max) 108.5 78.l 31.1 0
(l/4,3/4T) 85.0(min) 101.8 75.4 25.6
z
88.3(avg 8 tests) 104.0 77.0 27.8 m
"Tl
L LITR(53)48 <250 0.85 75 ll 2.8(avg 2) 112.8 72.1 20.3 "Tl
(l/4T) 450 88.0 99.3 73.8 21.8 m
550 82.8 98.5 73.3 21.6 n
-I
750 82.0 93.8 65.5 .. f CJ)
L LITR(53)-25B <250 2.0 75 134.4 136.4 66.0 10.4

(l/4T) z"Tl
L LITR(l8)-32 <250 2.3 75 141.3(avg 2) 142.0 60.8 .. x 0
(l/4T) 450 108.5 109.5 69.l .. x :Il
550 96.5 105.8 70.4 .. x :s::
)>
650 84.0 98.0 69.l .. x -I
750 80.0 94.6 73.0 .. x
L MTR-26 <300 7.0 75 153.8(avg 2) 154.5 16.4 .. f 0
(l/4T)
z
L MTR-29 <300 9.0 75 163.3(avg 2) 164.3 14.5 .. x
(l/4T)
L LITR(43)-77 550 3.7 75 107.0 115.7 72.9 .. f
(l/4T) 350 93.0 105.0 69.8 .. f
450 91.3 104.0 73.3 .. f
550 93.5 106.5 70.7 .. f
L LITR(55)-27 650 4.0 75 95.0 110.6 68.7 24.4
(l/4T)
0 Naval Research Laboratory data; see also Brookhaven National Laboratory data, Figs. 56-59.
bl= longitudinal (parallel to primary plate rolling direction).
c See footnoteb Table 8.
dFission a= 68 mb, ' 4 Fe.
eo.252-in.-diameter specimen.
fNot available.
gSpecimen broke out of I in. gage length.
TABLE 14-Tensile properties of 2-in. T-1 reference steel plate.a
Yield
Irradiation Fluenced Test Strengthe Tensile Reduction
Plate Specimen Experiment Temperature, (> 1 MeV), Temperature, (0.2% offset), Strength, of Area, Elongation,
Section Orientationb No.c OF x!O'' n/cm' OF ksi ksi % %
L 0.0 75 llO.O(max) 120.7 67.0 20.0

(l/4,3/4T) 106.9(min) ll4.3 52.6 17 .3 :0
)>
J08.0(avg 4 tests) ll8.0 59.9 18.7
0
L LITR(18)-32 <250 2.3 75 148.9(avg 2) 149.5 48.3 .. ! );
(l/4T)
-I
L MTR-29 <300 9.6 75 163.4(avg 2) 164.l 44.0 .. !
(l/4T) 0
z
ONaval Research Laboratory data.
hL=longitudinal (parallel to primary plate rolling direction).
,,,,m
csee footnoteb Table 8. m
dFission o = 68 mb, ' 4 Fe.
(")
-I
eo.252-in. diameter specimen. CJ)
f Specimen broke out of 1 in. gage length.

,,z
0
:0
s:
)>
::!
0
z
TABLE 1 S-Prei"adiation tensile and Charpy V-notch ductility properties of 6-in.

A302-B reference steel plate(a) (Courtesy Siemens-Schuchertwerke; E. Klausnitzer) (26).
Tensile Properties
Yield Strength Tensile Reduction

(0.2% offset),b Strength, in Area, Elongation,
kp/mm 2 kp/mm 2 % %
47.4 64.4 68.0 2S.0

47.0 64.4 69.S 24.S
46.7 63.3 70.0 27.0
Charpy V-Notch Ductility
Temperature, °C Energy, kpm/cm 2 c
-60 l.S
-40 2.4
-20 3.9
-10 6.4
0 8.S
IO 11.3
20 18.8
40 18.0
60 18.8
a1rradiations underway in M2FR and KWO reactors at 270 and 300°C, respectively.
bsingle determination.
c Average five deterrnina tions.
80
!! CAPSULE NO.
60 UNIRRADIATE D
0 I (SHIELDED) 4 • IN.· THICK PLATE
....
...%
z
40
0 2(8ARE)
.,...
CZ: (;;
...u
f
•
~
20
15
0
100 -0+ 100 150 200 250 300 350
TEMPERATURE, °F
FIG. SS-Effect of EBWR plutonium core i"adiation on impact strength of SA-212-B

Charpy V-notch specimens. Also included are data from three impact test machine
calibrations with an uni"adiated, 4-in.-thick SA-212-B plate (after Argonne National
Laboratory (27)).
A212b
.a MJO. HY80 STEE~
. ......
220xl0-s ----
200 ..............
160
o;
~
140
(/)
(/) 120
L&I
"'
I-
(/)
100
80
60 .illil. MQQ..!:ffilQ
c..
u
40
YIELD STRESS
FRAC STRESS
RED'N AREA
. ••.
0
c
~
~ 80 - - 0 nv,
- - 2x 10 11 nv,
<(
L&I
"'
<(
l!;
z
0
t;
::>
0
II!
50 100 150 200 300
TEMPERATURE ,deQ Kelvin
FIG. 56-The yield stress, fracture stress and reduction of area versus temperature for
All 2 Grade B and modified HY80 steels before and after i"adiation (after Brookhaven
National Laboratory [24 )J.
A212b a MOO.HY80 STEELS

190•1
o A212b
180 A MOD. HY80
170
- 0 nvt
- - 2• I0 11 nvt
160
150
140
·;;;
": 130
(/)
(/)
11..1
~ 110
(/)
11..1
::>
er
I-
0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25

TRUE STRAIN
FIG. 57-The pre- and posti"adiation true stress-true strain curves for A212 Grade Band
modified HYBO steels (after Brookhaven National Laboratory [24 )).
A 212 8 STEEL
(o)
90
~ 80
~ 70
!a 60
, , . . . . ----==--~-=--=-~~-
~ 50
ci 40 UNIRRADIATED I /
/
,/'
.,,,..----- -. '-,,,_
"'
a: 30
20 II
(,, ~2x10•0
/I~ ----- -
10 I II 1.10"
MOO. Hy 80 STEEL
(bl
10
50 100 150 200 250 300

TEMPERATURE "K
FIG. 58-Effect of neutron exposure on the embrittlement of (a) A212-B steel, (b)
modified HYBO steel (after Brookhaven National Laboratory (25)).
0.02 0.06 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.22 0.26

TRUE STRAIN
FIG. 59-Room temperature true stress-true strain curves of modified HY80 steel after
various neutron exposures (after Brookhaven National Laboratory [25]).
Summary and Conclusions

A survey of the recipients of the original ASTM correlation monitor materials
has been conducted and a summarization made of the experimental data
developed by their respective research and reactor surveillance programs. It has
been determined that the interest and use of the reference correlation monitor
material by both type programs has diminished since 1962. Decreased interest
has partially been the result of the current selection of A533-B steel over
A302-B or A2 l 2 -B steel for new reactor vessel construction and the observation
of wide heat-to-heat variability in irradiation response level due to minor
composition variations, particularly with respect to trace impurities[7,J6-J8).
The use and study of reference materials in a radiation environment,
nonetheless, has helped appreciably to advance radiation effects technology and
to resolve many important uncertainties concerning the radiation environment
and its definition.
The original stock of correlation monitor material has been largely depleted;
only a few square feet of archive material remain. A replacement stock of
reference plate representing the steel of new reactor vessel construction
(A533-B) has been secured by Subcommittee 2 of ASTM Committee E-10 on
Radiation Effects. 1 1 Since wide variability in irradiation response between
plates and weld metals can come about as a result of composition dissimilarities,
perhaps it is even more important now to include limited numbers of correlation
monitor material specimens in new reactor surveillance programs. The reasoning
is that the cause of any radiation induced changes to actual vessel materials
beyond (or below) projections can be subsequently traced to either the
environment or the particular steel with certainty.
Ultimately, it may be possible to eliminate radiation embrittlement as a
source of major concern to reactor vessel operations by the development and
11
Requests for test sections should be directed to Subcommittee 2.
application of highly radiation resistant steels and weld metals.(16,18]. While

much progress has been made toward this end, the need continues for
surveillance and surveillance reference material.
Acknowledgments
I express my sincere appreciation to the many organizations which responded
to the letters of inquiry and which contributed to the summary of radiation
effects information contained in this report. I particularly thank the following
individuals for their particular contributions and efforts in the preparation of
this report: J. V. Alger (U.S. Steel Corporation, Applied Research Laboratory);
C. Z. Serpan, Jr. (Naval Research Laboratory); S. Yanichko and T. R. Mager
(Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Nuclear Energy Systems); D. J. Semans
(Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Bettis Atomic Power Laboratory); P. W.
Flynn (Gulf General Atomic); J. G. Y. Chow (Brookhaven National Laboratory);
N. Balai (Argonne National Laboratory); and P. Higgins (General Electric-
Atomic Products Division).
References
(J] Alger, J. V. and Porter, L. F., "Evaluation of Reference Pressure-Vessel Steel for
Neutron-Irradiation Studies," U.S. Steel Technical Report, Project No.
40.002-066(4), 18 June 1964, Monroeville, Pa.
(2) Landerman, E., in Radiation Effects on Metals and Neutron Dosimetry, ASTM STP
341, American Society for Testing and Materials, 1963, pp. 233-252.
(3) Steele, L. E., Hawthorne, J. R., and Watson, H. E., "Irradiation Effects on Structural
Materials, Quarterly Progress Report, 1 May-31 July 1963," NRL Memorandum
Report 1448, Naval Research Laboratory, 15 Aug.1963.
(4) Klier, E. P., Hawthorne, J. R., and Steele, L. E., "The Tensile Properties of Selected
Steels for Use in Nuclear Reactor Pressure Vessels," NRL Report 6649, Naval
Research Laboratory, 26 Dec. 1967.
[5] Wessel, E.T., "State of the Art of the WOL Specimen for K1c Fracture Toughness
Testing," R&D Scientific Paper No. 67-1D6-BTLFR-P2, Westinghouse Corporation, 12
Sept. 1967.
[ 6) Trozera, T. A., Flynn, P. W., and Buzzelli, G., "Effects of Neutron Irradiation on
Materials Subjected to Multiaxial Stress Distributions," GA-5636, General Atomic, 15
Sept. 1964.
[ 7) Hawthorne, J. R. and Potapovs, U., "Initial Assessments of Notch Ductility Behavior
of A533 Pressure Vessel Steel with Neutron Irradiation," NRL Report 6772, Naval
Research Laboratory, 22 Nov. 1968; Irradiation Effects in Structural Alloys for
Thermal and Fast Reactors, ASTM STP 457, American Society for Testing and
Materials, 1969, pp. 113-134.
(8) Hawthorne, J. R., "Trends in Charpy-V Shelf Energy Degradation and Yield Strength
Increase of Neutron-Embrittled Pressure Vessel Steels," NRL Report 7011, Naval
Research Laboratory, 22 Dec. 1969; also Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 11,
1970, pp. 427 446.
(9) Hawthorne, J. R. and Fortner, E., "Radiation and Temper Embrittlement Processes in
Advanced Reactor Weld Metals," Transactions, American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, Journal of Engineering and Industry, Vol. 94, Series B, No. 3, Aug. 1972,
pp. 807-814.
(JO) Steele, L. E. and Hawthorne, J. R., "Neutron Embrittlement of Reactor Pressure
Vessel Steels," NRL Report 5984, Naval Research Laboratory, 22 Oct. 1963.
[ 11] Hawthorne, J. R., Nuclear Engineering and Design, Vol. 17, 1971, pp. 116-130.
[12] Pellini, W. S., Steele, L. E., and Hawthorne, J. R., "Analysis of Engineering and Basic
Research Aspects of Neutron Embrittlement of Steels," NRL Report 5780, Naval
Research Laboratory, 17 April 1962; also Welding Journal Research Supplement, Oct.
1962, pp. 455s469s.
[ 13] Loss, F. J ., Hawthorne, J. R., and Serpan, C. Z., Jr., "A Reassessment of Fracture-Safe
Operating Criteria for Reactor Vessel Steels Based on Charpy-V Performance," NRL
Report 7152, Naval Research Laboratory, 8 Sept. 1970; also Transactions, American
Society of Mechanical Engineers, Journal of Basic Engineering, June 1971, pp.
247-258.
[14] Pellini, W. S., "Principles of Fracture-Safe Design," Part I, Welding Journal, Vol. 50,
No. 3, March 1971, pp. 91s-109s and Part 11, Welding Journal, Vol. 50, No. 4, April
1971, pp. 147s-162s.
[15] Pellini, W. S., "Evolution of Engineering Principles for Fracture-Safe Design of Steel
Structures," NRL Report 6957, Naval Research Laboratory, 23 Sept. 1969.
[16) Hawthorne, J. R., "Demonstration of Improved Radiation Embrittlement Resistance
of A533-B Steel Through Control of Selected Residual Elements," NRL Report 7121,
Naval Research Laboratory, 29 May 1970; also in Irradiation Effects on Structural
Alloys for Nuclear Reactor Applications, ASTM STP 484, American Society for
Testing and Materials, 1970, pp. 96-127.
[17) Potapovs, U. and Hawthorne, 1. R., "The Effect of Residual Elements on the Response
of Selected Pressure-Vessel Steels and Weldments to Irradiation at 550°F," NRL
Report 6803, Naval Research Laboratory, 22 Nov. 1968; also Nuclear Applications,
Vol. 6, Jan. 1969, pp. 2746.
[18] Hawthorne, J. R., "Radiation Resistant Weld Metal for Fabricating A533-B Nuclear
Reactor Vessels," Welding Journal Research Supplement, Vol. 51, No. 7, July 1972,
pp. 369s-37 5s.
[19] Steele, L. E., Hawthorne, J. R., and Gray, R. A., Jr., "Neutron Irradiation Embrittle-
ment of Several Higher Strength Steels," NRL Report 6419, Naval Research
Laboratory, 7 Sept. 1966.
[20] Steele, L. E. and Hawthorne, J. R., "New Information on Neutron Embrittlement and
Embrittlement Relief of Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels," NRL Report 6160, Naval
Research Laboratory, 6 Oct. 1964; also in Flow and Fracture of Metals and Alloys in
Nuclear Environments, ASTM STP 380, American Society for Testing and Materials,
1965, pp. 283-311.
[21) Private communication, S. E. Yanichko, Westinghouse Nuclear Energy Systems to
1. R. Hawthorne, Naval Research Laboratory, 3 June 1969.
[22] Serpan, C. z., Jr., and Hawthorne, 1. R., "Yankee Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveil-
lance: Notch Ductility Performance of Vessel Steel and Maximum Service Fluence
Determined from Exposure During Cores 11, lll and IV," NRL Report 6616, Naval
Research Laboratory, 29 Sept. 1967.
[23] Carpenter, G. F., Knopf, N. R., and Byron, E. S., Nuclear Science and Engineering,
Vol. 19, 1964, pp. 18-38.
[24) Chow, 1. G. Y., McRickard, S. B., and Gurinsky, D. H., in Radiation Effects on Metals
and Neutron Dosimetry, ASTM STP 341, American Society for Testing and Materials,
pp. 46-{)4.
[25] Chow, J. G. Y. and McRickard, S. B., in Flow and Fracture of Metals and Alloys in
Nuclear Environments, ASTM STP 380, American Society for Testing and Materials,
pp. 120-130.
[26) Private communication, E. Klausnitzer to 1. R. Hawthorne, 25 Sept. 1969.
[27] Balai, N., Sutton, C.R., and Sims, M. R., "Final Surveillance of EBWR Pressure Vessel
Following the Plutonium Recycle Program," ANL-7117 Supplement, Argonne
National Laboratory, 1968, 16.
APPENDIX I
QUESTIONNAIRE
(Abridged)
Date _ _ __
ASTM Reference Correlation Monitor Materials (Plate)

(6-in. A302-B---, 4-in. A212-B _ _ _ ),
3-in. HY-80 , 2-in. T-l _ __
Primary person to contact for any future correspondence:

Name:
Address:
Telephone:
1. Preirradiation data developed? Yes ( No(
If yes, list type:
2. Preirradiation data reported? Yes ( No (
Company report ( Open Literature (
Preirradiation thermal control data included? Yes ( No(
3. Primary reference report(s) containing preirradiation and thermal control
data (Please list major data sources only):
4. Specimen irradiations: Completed? ( Underway? (
Planned (
5. Specimen types for irradiation determinations:
6. Postirradiation tests and evaluations:
Completed? ( Underway? ( Planned? (
For those irradiation experiments (surveillance and/or research) completed,
list specimen types:
Data reported? Yes ( No( If yes,
For those irradiation experiments (surveillance and/or research) underway,
list specimen types:
Approximate time of specimen discharge from reactor:
Experiments described? Yes ( No ( If yes,
7. Primary reference report(s) containing postirradiation data (Please list major

data sources only*)
8. Neutron fluence determinations:
Foil measurements?
Spectrum calculations?
Low power flux extrapolations?
Reactor operator estimates?
9. Exposure temperature determinations:
Measured?
Approximated from coolant temp/gamma heat?
*If list of reports is too extensive (that is, exceeds 8-10) please indicate as such
and the company representative designated above will be contacted directly by
a Task Group member for possible assistance and further discussion.
Offered to the Task Group by:

Address:
Telephone:

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AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

ASTM DAT A SERIES PUBLICATION DS 54

List price $9.75

~01~ AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS

The Society is not responsible, as a body,

Printed in Baltimore, Md.

This volume is yet another splendid example of scientific and engineering

Analysis of Reactor Vessel Radiation Effects Sur-

Irradiation Effects on Structural Alloys for Nuclear

Effects of Radiation on Substructure and Mechanical

Radiation Effects Information Generated on

REFERENCE: Hawthorne, J. R., Radiation Effects Information Generated on

KEY WORDS: radiation effects, steels, evaluation, structural steels, pressure

Copyright © 1974 by ASTM International www.astm.org

recognition, a decade ago, of the need for incorporating a few, well-documented

TABLE 2-Heat treatment of reference steel plates ( 1,2].

Plate Heat Treatment

A302-B austenitized at 16S0°F (899°C) 6 h, water quenched to 300°F

methods indicated the good properties uniformity essential for standard

- - NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY OATA

NAVAL RESEARCH LABORATORY DATA

2-IN. T-1 PLATE

3-IN. HY-80 PLATE

>- SPECIMEN LOCATION

A302-B L 67 870 92 800 23.0 65.0 27-28-29 +lQC(-12) Rb92-93 7

• NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

• NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

• NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

200 6-IN. A302-B PLATE

rz:::::zJ TRUE STRESS

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

350 6-IN. A302 -B PLATE

C 0.20 P 0.012 Cr 0.17

0.2 Q3 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 Q4 Q5

4-IN. A212-B PLATE

iz::::::::zJ TRUE STRESS

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 OB

350 4- IN. A212 -8 PLATE

C 0.26 P 0011 Cr 0.20

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 02 0.3 0.4 0.5 OB LO

ALL DATA POINTS COMPLY

80 a8B~ 2.S (:~sr I SPIN

I A 302 8 STEEL I WOL

20 --~BA;D FOR VALID DATA 20

-40 0 40 80 120 160("C)

Survey of Materials Distribution

~,........,........,.........-1'~)~~ ~ U.S.STEEL ~(:

FOUR INCHES THICK ASTM DESIGNATION A- 212 GRADE 8 STEEL PLATE

~:: f ,~:.. : :, ;1~wm:~§ 0 "' "" ~:f

THREE INCHES THICK Ni-Cr-Mo STEEL (HY BO MODIFIED) PLATE

,'.~:~l:.. :.,.i 1~ ~ U S STEEL ~~;~~-:,;,,~~

Plate Period Organization Plate Section Size, in. (approximate)

T-1 (6/59 to 6/62) Oak Ridge National Laboratory 24 by 54

aSection size not recorded. I\)

for surveillance programs indicated a continuing need of correlation-monitor

Survey of Material Usage

Westinghouse Electric Corporation yes x x yes yes

approximately 90 percent. In some instances where inquiries elicited no reply

Postirradiation Properties-Trend Determinations

40 * NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

20 * NO. OF SPECIMENS TESTED

160 I HY-80 PLATE I

,'.~:~l:.. :.,.i 1~ ~ U S STEEL ;-:,;,,~~