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An Research Paper
Presented to
In Partial Fulfillment
By
Balbarin, Mia
Bola, Riza
Veloso, Noime
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM
INTRODUCTION
Dreams can be pure make pure-believe. Dreams may also be based on goals that can
be realized. Fulfilling such dreams requires information and knowledge – information about the
requirements for reaching goals, and knowledge of one’s strengths and limitations. Decision-
making is the logical way of setting’s one mind to choose amidst the possibilities to satisfy
man’s ease. This is true as stated that good decision-making is an essential skill for career
success generally, and effective leadership particularly. As the person progresses, his or her
which different races, creeds, abilities, and interests might exist as a harmonious whole.
Safeguarding that freedom, however, imposes on them a very real responsibility: First,
responsibility to society, for no group is stronger or has higher purposes than its individual
Decision-making is the logical way of setting one’s mind to choose amidst the
possibilities to satisfy man’s ease. This is true as stated that good decision-making is an
essential skill for career success generally, and effective leadership particularly. It is true that for
an individual to be successful, the person must possess good decision-making. Every day we
make decisions, whether big or small and these decisions can make huge impacts in our lives.
As the person progresses, his or her ability to decide improve, allowing the individual to make
better and wiser decision in life. Failure to make the right decision often leads to downfall.
Methodologically speaking, decision-making is not all fun and games, some deal with people,
others deal with future careers. Graduating high school students face one of the most crucial
decisions in their lives, and that is future career decision. These students face the fact that this
Deciding on which college to attend, to is not a “gut reaction”. It requires mature and
serious discussion, and may not, despite the long run, lead to initial choice. However, during this
crucial stage in each student’s life, there are some factors in which results to confusion, and
One of the suggested elucidations is for the parents to talk with their children. Then it is
up to the child whether they will agree or not. Other solution involves letting the child decide on
himself. Deciding for oneself helps the individual to develop and progress in life.
The factors that affect this decision include family, financial stability, university prestige,
passion, future salary, job opportunities and of course, practicality. In addition to these factors,
race and gender can also affect what field a student may choose. Some professions has greater
percentages of a certain gender or race. Another thing that plays a big role in a student’s
decision of what field to study is the people or role model in his or her life. This role model can
include a parent, relatives, teacher and etc. And because of this, some students graduated in
course they do not really like. On the other hand, others pursue their desired course with no
Choosing a career path is a huge part of young man or woman’s life. The career path
students choose will affect how they will live the rest of their life. A lot of students go through
college without knowing what career path they want. Before students can pick a career path
they need to experience what that career is like and what is liked and what it involves.
graduates who have considerable accounting knowledge, with the strong communication and
analytical capabilities demanded by firms. So in order to meet the demands of firms, accounting
program must graduate the best and brightest students with high aptitudes. But this is affected
Accountancy professionals are in huge demand around the world, so there has never
been a better time to launch your career. It also makes accountancy one of the most diverse
professions, with opportunities across all sectors and industries. Accountancy isn’t just about
numbers. It can be employ a wide range of other skills such as communications, teamwork,
In recent years, there is dramatic decline in both number and quality of students who are
choosing accounting as a profession. Because students are interested in what the society
perceived to be more creative, rewarding and people oriented career, as a result, the profession
could not get the brightest and best students. (Wells, 2005).
Therefore, accounting academics throughout the world are interested to study factors
that can affect the students’ choice of accounting as a major. The factors that motivate students
to choose or not accounting as a major should interest educators because this decision has
profession is critical to both the academy and the profession if the department of accounting
needs to attract the best and brightest students in large numbers into accounting. The
researchers conducted this study in order to know the factors affecting the enrollment number of
the selected students of Tanauan Institute in selecting the course of Bachelor of Science in
Accountancy. This study also includes the effect of these factors to psychological aspects of the
youth. And finally, to make the readers understand the statement, “Put your future in good
This research focus on the factors affecting the enrollment number of the selected
1.2. Gender
1.3. Age
This research conducted inside the campus of Tanauan Institute Inc. College
Department. It administered to the selected Accountancy students. The data provided is limited
The purpose of this study is to aim the factors affecting the enrollment number of the
In various ways every study has its own importance and implication. Earlier, the
college courses were laid. Pursuing this study will serve and give the readers a number of
purposes. The researchers believe that this study will benefit the following:
a.) Administrators. This study would serve as a reading that will enable them to work with
the teachers in helping a student choose the career path they are about to take. It will
also help them in conducting workshops and seminars in alignment with decision
making.
b.) Teachers. The information gathered disclose the possibilities that the teachers would be
able to give appropriate recommendations regarding the students’ abilities. They also
become one of the important factors in the realization of a student’s goals and vision.
This may help them understand the significance of knowing on how to motivate students
orientation, this study would help them assess the students prolifically with this study,
they will have wider reviews and ideas on how to handle or counsel students who needs
guidance about what course fits their interests and God-given talents and abilities.
d.) Parents. The research aims to help the parents understand their child’s endeavor. They
would be also innovated to work and support the teachers in giving assistance to their
children. Moreover, they will be informed the great role they will play in fostering decision
e.) Pupils. Particularly graduating high school students. The object of learning and
direct benefactors of the advantages of the study. They would be more aware of their
interests and more certain of what they want to become in the near future.
CHAPTER 2
Based on Statistics, more than 15,000 typical young people have problems about
school. Surprisingly, most students approve wholeheartedly of their schools. Despite a certain
amount of groaning and grumbling, 79 percent of those polled frankly admit that they like
school. Only 6 percent dislike it so much that they would like to quit. Despite their general
approval, however, many young people complain that their problem is not knowing how to study
effectively. Big majorities mention problems that stand in the way of getting the most out of
school. Here are some of those problems: I would like to do well I my school work, but I do not
know how to study effectively; I could do better if I had more definite idea of how well I’m doing
during the semester; It is the test that worry me. Even when I “know my stuff” I get so tense and
worried that I don’t do as well as I should; I know exactly what I want to say, but putting it down
on paper is what gets me. (Robert H. Seashore (1962), Your Goals and You: A Guidance
Students may have all their school problems neatly solved, but maybe questions about
their plans for the future are baffling them. Perhaps they haven’t yet chosen the career they
would like to follow. They may be uncertain about their future educational plans. (Robert H.
Seashore (1962), Your Goals and You: A Guidance Handbook, Science Research Associates
USA)
Getting along with others is in some ways related to the preceding one, because the way
people feel about themselves influences the way others feel. If they feel friendly and self-
confident, others are likely to look at them in the same way. Most young people want very much
to be liked and to be included in activities of the groups that interest them. (Robert H. Seashore
(1962), Your Goals and You: A Guidance Handbook, Science Research Associates USA).
The researchers found this selection precise since most of the youth today experience
lack of self-esteem when it comes to the fact that they are pressured to do well in college. Like
what is mentioned above, some students find it hard to cope up with exams when they did not
understand the lesson. That is why some young people are discouraged to continue up to their
college degree because of their experiences in high school. For example, freshmen students
who are bullied in their high school days would become more cautious in all aspects especially
Career choice is a lifelong process of decision making for those who seek major
satisfaction from their work. His theory said that people make their career decisions which
balance their interests and values with the opportunities and talents available, as well as the
cost of pursuing the opportunities. There are some theories in relation to career choice.
According to the Parson’s Theory, individuals should consider their skills and abilities how they
may fit with a particular occupation. In addition, individuals need knowledge of jobs, the labor
Socioeconomic theory said that social condition include parent influence, friends and
teachers’ influences, social status and economic conditions include job opportunity , salary
amount, and the likes have an impact on students’ career choice (Venable , 2011)
In general, it’s important to understand that career choice is not made based on any
factor. Our choices are subject to many influences – individual, cultural, social and
The above theories were supported by different empirical studies. For example, the
finding of Uyar, & Kuzey, (2011), Zakaria, et.al, (2012), Jackling and Calero (2006), Yuen &
Law, (2012) and Edward & Quinter, (2011) shows that interest has a significant positive effect
on choosing accounting as a career. Because students are more likely to choose accounting
The finding of Britt, (2012), and Uyar, & Kuzey, (2011), shows that good fit with the
respondent’s ability (skill) significantly positively affect students’ career choice in accounting.
Because students believe that now a day due to the change in world business, the activities of
accountants also changed. The internet and technology tools have placed accountants as a
problem solver by using advanced information system and programs they should have to be
also possessing strong communication skills with good thinking creatively, and in making ethical
decision. But the finding of McDowall, & Jackling (2010), and Rkein, (2012) show that skill or
ability has a significant negative effect on choosing accounting as a career. Students are
associated accounting with good numerical ability. In addition, the finding of Uyar, & Kuzey,
(2011) shows that desire to run a business has no significant effect on students’ choice of
accounting.
A study conducted by Hujra, et. al, (2010) shows that the difficulty of the course has a
significant negative effect on students’ choice of accounting. Due to accounting and finance
course are difficult. As a result, most students have withdrawn from the course because their
quality does not match with the skills which are required by these courses. But study conducted
by Uyar, & Kuzey, (2011) shows that the difficulty of the course has no significant effect on
According to the finding o0f Tan and Laswad, (2009), the need for dynamic and
challenging environment has a positive significant effect on students’ choice accounting. But the
findings of Wells and Fieger, (2005) contradict Tan and Laswad finding who found that need for
dynamic and challenging environment has a significant negative effect on students’ choice
accounting. Because the society viewed that accounting is not an excellent career for honors
The study conducted by Jones and Wright (2011) shows on their study that those
students taken accounting in high school had a significant positive effect on the initial decision
to major in accounting. Byrne, Wilis, & Burke (2012) also show that students begin to make their
choices during their secondary education and for many their educational and occupational
aspirations are quite fixed by the time they enter their final school year.
According to the finding of Azevedo, & Sugahara, (2012) creativity has a significant
negative effect on students’ choice accounting. It shows that students’ who have strong
creativity are not willing to join the accounting profession because they are looking that
accounting is less creative than other professions, however, the finding of Britt, (2012) shows
that creativity has a significant positive effect on students’ choice of accounting as a career.
The finding of Ahinful, Painstil, & Danquah, (2012), Uyar, and Kuzey, (2011), Britt
(2012), U.S Bureau of Labor Statistic (2012), and Gabriel, et. al, (2012) show that job
opportunity has a significant positive effect on choosing accounting as a career. Students are
choosing accounting as a profession due to its high job opportunity. In addition to these
according to the U.S Bureau of Labor Statistics, accountants are expected to experience much
According to the finding of Uyar, & Kuzey, (2011), and Zakaria, et.al, (2012) suitability for
independent work has a positive significant effect on choosing accounting as a career. The
reason is that introverted students are more suited for becoming the accounting professionals. It
has been proved that because of their introvert nature, they prefer to work individually rather
According to the finding of Byrne, et.al (2012), Ahinful, Paintsil, & Danquah, (2012), and
McDowall, & Jackling, (2010) shows that level of earning has a positive significant effect on
students’ choice of accounting as a career. So it shows that students’ discipline choice is highly
influenced by earnings potential. However the finding of Uyar, & Kuzey, (2011) show that level
students believed that other fields offer higher earnings than accounting.
According to the finding of Byrne et.al (2012), and Wells and Fieger, (2005) social status
has a significant negative effect on choosing accounting as a career. The society viewed that
accounting is not an excellent career for honors students because they believe that it has a
lower social status, having relatively easy entry requirements, not requiring excellent
communication skills and as providing less challenging and less interesting work. They suggest
that the most able students with better communication skills are likely to be guided to
The finding of Demagalhaes, et.al, (2011), Jakling & Kenely (2007) and Zakaria, et.al,
(2012) states that opportunity for advancement and job experience one can take elsewhere has
The finding of McDowall & Jackling, (2010) shows that workload has a significant
accounting profession could hinder students to shift into other professions. US based studies on
the perceptions of tertiary students identified that many perceive accounting has high workload,
The finding of McDowall, & Jackling, (2010) and Byrne & Willis, (2005) show that
students’ perception of accounting following established rule than new ideas has a negative
significant effect on choosing accounting as a career. Their finding supports the view that
exposure to accounting at university does not enhance positive attitudes about accounting as a
discipline, but reinforces rule-memorization, and lack of involvement with conceptual skills or
judgment. The reason was students viewed accounting as a rule-based type of educational
The finding of Wells, (2010) shows that perception of accountants have been found to be
over generalization, which derive from the perception of accounting as a repetitive manner,
which in the opinion of accountant and researcher does not reflect current-day duties of
accountants.
According to Wells, (2010), decision making ability has a significant negative effect on
choosing accounting as a career. Since the activity of students is usually limited to scorekeeping
which involves the processing and recording of transactions in a structured and repetitive
manner. In addition the lack of readily available information on the actual duties performed by
accountants ensures that accounting remains a mystery to many. Accountants are to blame for
the misconceptions as they have never attempted to correct the ‘scorekeeping’ image which is
widely held.
Empirical evidence regarding the influence of referents, other than the instructors, was
also inconclusive. Because the finding of Tan and Laswad, (2006) cited in McDowall & Jackling,
(2010), Philip K. Law, (2010), Byrne, et.al (2012), and Uyar & Kuzay, (2011) shows that family
influences have a significant positive effect on choosing accounting as a career. It shows that
students’ career choice decision is affected not only by their own interest, but also affected by
family. But the findings of Paolillo and Estes (1982), as cited in Tan and Laswad, (2009) shows
A study conducted by Uyar & Kuzay, (2011) shows that the influence of relatives has no
significant effect on choosing accounting as a career. Note that friends and relative influences
GENDER
Some of the related studies found that both female and male students perceived
accounting profession similarly. Because the finding of Edwards & Quinter, (2011) a study
revealed that there is no significant difference between males and females in addressing their
attitudes towards the profession that is most respondents did not consider gender as an
decisions to undertake an accounting major and their perception of the accounting profession,
taking into account the issues addressed in prior literature as outlined above.
Definition of Terms
The following major keywords used in this study were defined in the purpose of better
Ability. Refers to the students’ competence in an activity or occupation because of one's skill,
(www.dictionary.com)
Point Average (GPA). It is the weighted average grade of students and is used by universities
Parents’ Responsibilities. Refers to the contractual obligation of the parents to their offspring.
CHAPTER 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter includes research design used, the participants involved, the instruments
used, the process of data gathering method and the procedure in data analysis.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The main purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the enrollment number
of the selected students of Bachelor of Science in Accountancy of Tanauan Institute Inc factors
affecting the enrollment number of the selected students of Bachelor of Science in Accountancy
This study utilized the descriptive-survey method. This method determines or describes
the nature of an object. The process of descriptive research goes beyond mere gathering and
what is described. Thus, description is often combined with comparison and contrast involving
profile of the participants and it looked into the significant difference and relationship in the
is all about the factors affecting the enrollment number of the selected students of Bachelor of
The respondents are selected students of Bachelor of Science in Accountancy A.Y 2018
-2019 at Tanauan Institute Inc. The respondents will be 50 selected Accountancy students.
In this part, it explains how necessary and data is gathered from the different
informations.
1. The questionnaire was prepared by the researchers and submit to the teacher for
3. Then after the approval of the research teacher, the researcher seeks permission to the
In this part, it identifies the statistical formula or the mathetical operation that will use in
the study. Choosing the mathematical operation for the analysis of data depends largely on the
kind of questions and the purpose of the study. The following mathematical operation used to
PERCENTAGE – this was used to determine the factors affecting the enrollment number
of the selected students of Tanauan Institute in selecting the course of Bachelor of Science in
Accountancy.