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Thus, in a semi-direct system only are collected by a screw conveyor One other important point needs to
a portion of the gases flowing and fed to a storage bin or to the fir- be addressed. With all three of the
through the mill are used for firing. ing circuit that generally consists of systems described, we have as-
a dense phase pump and a small fir- sumed that we have been using hot
The temperature of the gases in the ing fan. gases from the kiln hood or from the
vent line is used as the controlling first or second cooler compartments.
factor and is generally set for 150°F The indirect system is controlled by
(65°C) maximum. The lower tem- using the cyclone discharge (vent) Those gases, for the most part, con-
perature in the semi-direct system temperature and is limited to approxi- sist of normal hot air with 21% oxy-
is required because the gases are mately 150°F (65°C), much as with gen content. On preheater-type
retained in the mill system longer the semi-direct system. The maxi- kilns, another source of hot air for
than they are with the direct fired mum temperature at the inlet of the drying in the mill system is the
system. The inlet temperature of the mill for this type of system is preheater off-gases. These gases
gases entering the mill is limited to 450°F(230°C). that are actually the products of com-
350°F (180°C) because of the recir- bustion from the burning of fuel in
culation. The semi-direct is limited the kiln, are generally high in carbon
to use with low moisture fuels only, dioxide and water vapor and low in
due to the reduced drying capability oxygen. They may be, therefore,
imposed by the 350°F (180°C) inlet considered to be inert. Please refer
temperature. to NFPA Code 69 for detailed infor-
mation.
ALSTOM Power, Inc., Air Preheater Co., Raymond Operations, 4525 Weaver Pkwy., Warrenville, IL 60555 USA
Toll Free: 877.661.5509 -Tel: 630.393.1000 - Fax: 630.393.1001
E-mail: info@airpreheatercompany.com - Website: www.airpreheatercompany.com