BOOK SHIELD Final

Project S.H.I.E.L.
D: A Medical and Evacuation 1

Rescue Centre in San Simon, Pampanga
PROJECT S.H.I.E.L.D
S- SHELTER
H- HEALING
I- INNOVATIVE DESIGN
E- ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLY
L- LIVABLE
D- DEFENSE IN CALAMITY
DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

Project S.H.I.E.L.D: A Medical and Evacuation 2
1.1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
1.1.1 INTRODUCTION
In order to understand how to create disaster resilient in architecture, we first need have a look
at the frequently used terms in disaster risk management. First, we need to know what a
disaster actually is.
This seems obvious at first sight but in reality is quite complex. A predominant view is that
a disaster is a natural event, such as an earthquake or a tornado. The natural event is however
not the disaster itself, but the hazard.
The actual disaster happens during or after a hurricane and can last a lot longer than the
duration of the impact of an actual storm. Whether a hazard turns into a disaster depends on
many factors, including the level of preparedness of the society, the availability of response
capacities, the planning of communities, and not unimportantly, the resilience of the built
environment.
A disaster does not last only for the few seconds of the earthquake but can prolong itself for
several weeks or months, with cascading effects of the following impact. A hazard can also
be manmade, such as oil spills or nuclear accidents.
The Province of Pampanga was part in the Central Luzon region that was lying on Northern
shore of Manila Bay, Pampanga bounded on the north of Tarlac & Nueva ecija, on the east by
Bulacan, southwest by Bataan and west by Zambales. Its terrain is relatively flat with only
one distinct mountain, Mount Arayat.
The province is divided into 4 Congressional Districts. It is composed of 19 municipalities, 3

cities and 538 barangays. On the Fourth District which is Apalit, Candaba, Macabebe,
Masantol, minalin, San Simon, Sto. Tomas, San Louis. Which are the flooded area compare
to the other district.

The Provincial Disaster Coordinating Council (PDCC) of Pampanga has its mission & vision.
The mission is to “Commit and reach out our Cabalens through massive information,
awareness drive and disaster management, warn our people of any impending calamities.”
The vision “is to prepare our Cabalens to safeguard lives and property, deny any trauma
brought about by disaster, through commitment and concentrated efforts in order to mitigate
if not get rid of the adverse effects of any disaster.”
This project present Structural, non- structural and functional elements that must be
considered in order to ensure that the medical and evacuation rescue center can withstand and
remain operational in emergencies.
Saving lives is our priority. Medical and Evacuation Rescue Center must be safe from disasters
and prepared to do its vital role.
1.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
After a thorough research and data gathering, the proponent has formulated a list of the present
issues as follows:
MAIN PROBLEM
 Lack of current emergency facility in the province.

 Implement the Incident Command System (ICS).
 Spreading the influence of the Command Center.
SUB-PROBLEM
 Integrity of functions.
 Private and public emergency agencies.
 Mitigation of victims in disastrous events.
 Interrelationship of spaces.

 Styles/Character/Overall concept.
 Flexibility, resiliency and durability.
 Public Participation.
According to the recent studies, Pampanga and the rest of the region are prone to
various disasters, the state weather bureau PAGASA said. Located along the Pampanga
river basin in Central Luzon, the region is susceptible to flooding. Low-lying areas,
particularly those near the rivers and other bodies of water, are generally prone to
flooding during the rainy season.
1.1.3ARCHITECTURAL THESIS GOAL\OBJECTIVES\STRATEGIES
1.1.3 A. ARCHITECTURAL THESIS GOAL
The main goal of the study is to provide an eco-friendly structures that will sustain and the
needs of people in any calamities and to sustain the health and safeness of the people and also
to show ways architecture that it can help to create disaster resilient communities with a focus
on critical facilities specifically, in Evacuation Rescue Center and a health facility. Often,
Architecture focuses on appearance rather than actually sheltering people and protecting them
from the destructive elements of nature.
1.1.3 B. OBJECTIVES
1. . To provide structures that will cater the needs of individuals and families in
case of emergencies and disaster.

STRATEGIES
a) The proponent will gather data about the population of individuals and families
that are affected in any disasters occurred.
b) Adequate space planning and consideration will be observed.
c) Safe, economic and eco-friendly building materials will be incorporated in the

construction of the establishment.
d) The building’s façade will also be given much attention. The latest smart, and
sophisticated designs will be integrated
2. To provide a building for imparting training in disaster prevention, mitigation,

preparedness, relief and rehabilitation
STRATEGIES
a) Conduct safe and rapid evacuation.

b) Develop and strengthen the capacities of vulnerable and marginalized groups to
mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the effects of disasters.
c) Adopt and implement a coherent, comprehensive, integrated, efficient and
responsive disaster risk reduction program incorporated in the development plan
at various levels government adhering to the principles
d) Mainstream disaster risk reduction into the peace process and conflict resolution
approaches in order to minimize loss of lives and damage to property and ensure
that communities in conflict zones can immediately go back to their normal lives
during periods of intermittent conflicts.

3. To provide a medical center to play critical role in the times of emergency and
disasters. It is imperative that they remain structurally sound and fully operational at
such time.
STRATEGIES
a) To protect the lives of patients and health workers by ensuring the structural
resilience of health facilities.
b) Ensure that heath facilities and health services are able to function in the
aftermath of emergency and disasters, when they are most needed.
c) The improvement of emergency management that the capacity of health workers
and institution can be easy access and use.
d) To provide for patient care and management.
e) Provide for the safety of patients, staff, visitors and families.
1.1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS
1.1.4 A. SCOPE OF THE STUDY
The scope of the project was based on how the project will test the limit of modern
technology to be immeasurable future of beyond architecture which leads on how;
SMART BUILDINGS; Responds to the needs for security, energy, efficiency,

comfort and safety of the future.
GREEN BUILDING DESIGN; to ensure efficient use of materials, water, energy

and other resources.
BEYOND ARCHITECTURE; strive to create a feeling of wonder and WOW!

Design is an engaging process for all involved. Places, and spaces are like the people
who see, visit or inhabit them, they have character. The process of design does not
begin until words, symbolism and relationships are identified, that will serve as the
foundation for meaningful architecture.
1.1.4 B. LIMITATIONS
The proposed project has also limitation which are listed here, take into account that will not
affect the capability of the proposal to be pursued in the future development.
 Exact computation and design of buildings utilities such as as piping, electrical wiring,
air conditioning, etc.
 Engineering/ structural design details exact computation of bars, steels, etc. as in
structural.
 Detailed study of responding in the disaster rescue management and health
management.
 And time constrains.
1.1.5 PURPOSE / RELEVANCE / SIGNIFANCE OF THE STUDY
 The purpose of the study is to raise awareness of the worsening disaster occurred in
Pampanga. Pampanga is prone to natural calamities as it is situated in an active fault
line. As future architects, we should be the advocators of the environmental protection.
 The study will be a significant endeavor in promoting new approach in construction
and promoting the importance of beyond architecture in the society with the
integration of sustainable design. In the structure.
 The study will be beneficiary to the economy of the Philippines by giving the local
investors in their needs by providing the development that can use in disaster or
calamities.
 The proposal will also be complying with the “Green Architecture” standards. It will
be applying proper space planning and consideration, use of safe, economical building
materials.

1.1.6 ASSUMPTION
Assumptions are facts, events, or circumstances that are expected to occur during an
emergency and affect the operational environment of the response. Listed below are the major
assumptions that should be considered before, during, and after an emergency that will lead
to the activation.
 Depending on the scale and scope of the emergency, the Emergency Operations Center
(EOC) may be activated and staffed with appropriate personnel and departments that
have responsibilities
 Workable, bike- able, neighborhoods, increased accessibility via both and resulting in
reduced transportation.
1.1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS
"Adaptation" - the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected

climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.
"Capacity" - a combination of all strengths and resources available within a community,

society or organization that can reduce the level of risk, or effects of a disaster. Capacity may
include infrastructure and physical means, institutions, societal coping abilities, as well as
human knowledge, skills and collective attributes such as social relationships, leadership and
management. Capacity may also be described as capability.
"Climate Change" - a change in climate that can' be identified by changes in the mean and/or
variability of its properties and that persists for an extended period typically decades or longer,
whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity.
"Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management" or "CBDRRM" - a

process of disaster risk reduction and management in which at risk communities are actively

engaged in the identification, analysis, treatment, monitoring and evaluation of disaster risks
in order to reduce their vulnerabilities and enhance their capacities, and where the people are
at the heart of decision-making and implementation of disaster risk reduction and management
activities.
"Disaster Risk Reduction" - the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through
systematic efforts to analyze and manage the causal factors of disasters, including through
reduced exposures to hazards, lessened vulnerability of people and property, wise
management of land and the environment, and improved preparedness for adverse events.
- the outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters. It expresses the
concept and intention to completely avoid potential adverse impacts through action taken in
advance such as construction of dams or embankments that eliminate flood risks, land-use
regulations that do not permit any settlement in high-risk zones, and seismic engineering
designs that ensure the survival and function of a critical building in any likely earthquake etc.
PUBLIC HEALTH; All organized measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong
life across the population. Its activities aim to provide conditions in which people can be
healthy. They focus on entire populations, not on individual patients or diseases.
URBAN; means “related to cities” it may refer to; urban area geographical area distinct from
rural areas.
BEYOND ARCHITECTURE; It demonstrates how notonly architects and designers but

also artists are taking architecture as a starting point for experimentation. the creative
exploration of architecture and urban propositions in the contemporary arts.
1.2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES.
1. PAMPANGA IS PH’S BEST IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
CITY OF SAN FERNANDO—The Pampanga Disaster Risk Reduction Council (PDRRMC)

was conferred the prestigious 20th National Gawad Kalasag Award after being evaluated as
the best in disaster risk reduction work in the entire country. A national selection committee

from from member-agencies of the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
Council chaired by the Office of Civil Defense conducted a series of stringent evaluation of
the PDRRMC’S systems and programs that was developed from one of the world’s worst
disasters, Mt. Pinatubo’s 1991 eruptions and lahar flows.
Defense Secretary Delfin Lorenzana handed the award to Vice Governor Dennis “Delta”
Pineda, co-chair of the PDRRMC, at the AFP Amphitheater on Tuesday.
The PDRRMC stood out for its best practices in empowering communities and the private
sector to be alert, prepared and safe from disasters, PDRRMC action officer Angelina Blanco
explained.
The PDRRMC won the regional Gawad Kalasag regional Hall of Fame for five consecutive
years. In 2016, the PDRRMC landed second in the 18th National Gawad Kalasag.
“The National Gawad KalasagAward recognizes the leadership of the PDRRMC headed by
the chairperson, Governor Lilia Pineda, and vice chairperson, Vice Governor Dennis Pineda,
in the council’s programs and projects that try to reduce the risks posed on people by natural
hazards such as flooding, storm surges, landslides and earthquakes,” Blanco said.
“Through the PDRRMC, we also see the cooperation of the provincial government, public
agencies, private organizations, non-government organizations and civil society groups,” she
added.
“Gusto ko ligtas tayo lagi sa kalamidad at sakuna,” is Vice Governor Pineda’s constant motto.
he has championed the construction of a provincial command center that is linked to coastal
and inland communities to make disaster responses quicker.
BREAKTHROUGHS
The PDRRMC pioneered in Central Luzon the construction and establishment of three three-
storey permanent evacuation centers in Barangay San Isidro in Magalang town, Barangay
Concepcion in Lubao town, and Barangay Sta. Maria in Mexico town

It began land banking by buying 10.7 hectares in Barangay San Roque in Mexico town, 5
hectares in San Isidro in Magalang town, 42 hectares in Sta. Catalina in Lubao and 10 hectares
in Telapayong in Arayat town (under usufruct contract with the National Housing Authority)
as relocation site sand possibly a trading post for the agriculture sector.
Through colored stickers, it tagged houses in remote coastal villages to be able to prioritize
the rescue of elderly (orange), persons with disabilities and ailments (red) and children
(yellow).
It has organized a wide network for information dissemination in disaster preparedness,

mobilizing 550 public school teachers and 9,760 Nanay (mothers) community volunteers who
assist village leaders.
It is well-equipped for rescue missions and medical emergencies. It has also five backhoes on
barge that deepen creeks and rivers year-round. It has trucks capable of delivering fuel and
water.
Its has forged partnerships with the Pampanga Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Filipino-
Chinese Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Philippine Red Cross, Pampanga Association
of Water Districts, Pampanga Truckers Association, Pampanga Youth Association, Center for
Emergency Aid and Rehabilitation Inc. (CONCERN), Pampanga Disaster Risk Reduction
Network and Association of Health Workers.
After doing humanitarian assistance in Tacloban and Samar that bore the wrath of
SuperTyphoon “Yolanda” in November 2013, the Pampanga PDRRMC made rescue and
relief missions to flood victims of Typhoon “Lando” in Nueva Ecija in October 2015, Bataan
and Olongapo City in 2018.
It conducts training and drills in evacuation and evacuation management. It leads mangroves
planting in coastal communities in order to create a natural belt against storm surges from
Manila Bay.

2. Pampanga PDRRMO hosts Multi-Hazard Disaster Summit
CITY OF SAN FERNANDO, Pampanga, July 29 (PIA) -- The provincial government of

Pampanga, through its Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office
(PPDRRMO), gathered various stakeholders for a Multi-Hazard Disaster Summit at the
Kingsborough International Convention Center.
PDRRMO head Angelina Blanco said the summit aims to raise awareness on the different
potential hazards we may face, and know what to do so we can prevent or mitigate their
destructive effects.
“Last year, we are beset with typhoons and floods. Just this April, we are hit by an earthquake.
Because we don’t know what disaster may strike us and when it will strike, we need to prepare
for various disasters. We want to gather our stakeholders so that we all can learn from the
experts in this field on how these various hazards may affect our province,” Blanco said.
For his part, Governor Dennis Pineda underscored the importance of summits like this one,
especially among public officials, so they know what to do during disasters.
“If public officials know what to do, they will be able to efficiently guide their constituents.
With this, we will prevent casualties. They will also be able to give immediate aid and relief
because they know what to do. This is the obligation of public officials,” Pineda said.
He added that unity and cooperation of all stakeholders is crucial in overcoming any disaster.
“Look at what happened in Porac. The earthquake suddenly hit us. I know we cannot do
everything at once, but if we concentrate on the worst-hit areas, if we work together, I think
we will be able to immediately deal with any kind of disaster,” he said.
The summit featured discussions about the salient features of Republic Act 10121 and
utilization of the five percent Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund, climate
outlook and preparations for the rainy season with briefer on storm surge, updates on
earthquake hazard and briefer on tsunami hazard, hazard maps, importance of engineering
geological and geohazard assessment, emerging and infectious diseases, and fire hazards.

This was attended by barangay officials, board members, Nanay Community Workers,
representatives from the youth, religious and business sector, and PDRRMC member-
agencies.
3. TRC MEXICO PAMPANGA
The process was have three building consist of
hospital, evacuation and Rehabilitation center.

1.3 THEORETICAL / CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
WHY HOLISTIC DESIGN?
One of the most common design areas to benefit from a holistic approach is architecture.
Holistic design approaches in architecture enable architects to account for all of these things.
They examine the way that the design will appear aesthetically – in context. They’ll look at
neighboring buildings and open spaces. They’ll consider the position of the sun at different
times of day and how light will play on the surface. Then they’ll examine the use of the space
and consider what sort of messages the design should project.
BENEFITS OF HOLISTIC DESIGN
Holistic design is a design approach which sees a design as an interconnected whole that is
part of the larger world. It goes beyond problem solving to incorporate all aspects of the
ecosystem in which a product is used. The focus of holistic design is context dependent; even
so, among other things, it considers aesthetics, sustainability, and spirituality.
WHY BUILD GREEN?
Pollution’s devastating effect on the environment have become more obvious in recent years,
sparking a movement to promote energy efficiency, less reliance on fossil fuels and a
reduction on air and water pollution most scientist agree that changes are necessary to protect
our environment from further harm.
The construction industries consumes a large quantity of energy and resources and creates a
huge amount of pollution. In the United States building and development account for 39% of
the country's total energy use, 12% of total water consumption, 68% of total electricity
consumption and 38% of carbon dioxide emissions according to the environment protective
agency.

BENEFITS OF BUILDING GREEN
Green buildings use less energy, water create less waste are healthier to live, work, or go to
school in than standard buildings. Contractors of green buildings incorporate techniques that
use resources more efficiently during the entire building cycle construction, renovation,
operation, maintenance and demolition than builders of conventional structures.
The environmental benefits of building green include the protection of eco system and
biodiversity, improved air and water quality, less waste flowing into streams and conservation
of natural resources. Green building can also result in lower operating costs because they
typically use less energy and materials and improved indoor air quality which improves the
health of occupants.
HOW TO BUILD GREEN?
Careful sites selection is important to minimize human impact on the surrounding

environment. the process of building green include technical and aesthetic planning with
nature conservation in mind building designs often reflect the natural resources and utilize
renewable building materials such as bamboo and straw. In addition, recycled resources found
locally are used for green buildings diminishing the cost and air associated with transporting
materials long distance other features of green buildings often include water and energy
conservation, recycling and waste reduction. In addition, renewable energy sources such as
solar power, hydropower and wind power are used for heat and electricity which significantly
reduces cost and decreases the impact on the environment.
1.5 METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH
In any study, there should be a methodical step in order to achieve a creative outcome
of a project. It guides the researchers to have a good and well done analysis and study
of a certain project.

Architecturally, the research will help the study to fulfill the goal and objectives of
the project and to reach the desired design output. Research in the trust area is
focused on advancing a research design to support functionality-based design and
reasoning in the hypothesis phase of project development. It also supports research to
capture the design output.
With this, the proponents follow some research methods that will help in acquiring
the best results of a project. The reference data are the following interviews and
government agencies.
Department of Health

According to the interviews of Ar. Bernard D. Tan Huenco and Ar. Gino Paulo F.
Lugtu.
Q: Is it possible to build the Hospital and evacuation in one site?
Ans. Of the Ar.: Yes, there was already an ongoing infrastructure in San Roque,
Mexico. Which is same as your thesis project, but the difference is, there is also a
rehabilitation center.
Q: What would be the possible level of the hospital if San Simon was a 3rd class
municipality?
Ans. Of the Ar: Actually, wala naman restriction kung ano level gusto nyo,nagbi
base kasi yan sa badget ng municipio ng San Simon at government ng Pampanga ang
pagbabadget sa pagpapatakbo sa facility.

In Bureau of Fire Protection
According to SF03. RODOLFO M. PINEDA
Q: are the BFP would be agree or support the Rescue center in the propose project
incase of calamity?
Ans: Yes, of course.
Q: in our propose project, do you think BFP will consider to deploy atleast 2 stay in
BFP trainees?
Ans: Yes, we are more than willing .because as of now we have lots of trainees in
BFP who are capable for that position.

Other Government Agencies data gathered
Office of Civil Defense (OCD)
Municipal budget office- San Simon LGU
Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
PDRRMO- Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office

PROJECT PROFILE
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM/OPPORTUNITIES
PROBLEM OF THE HOSPITAL AND EVACUATION/RESCUE FACILITIES
FACILITIES FOR THE PROPOSAL POSSIBLE SITE
COLLECTING DATA
ACTUAL RESEARCH AND DATA TO INTERVIEWS / SURVEYS ONLINE RESEARCH

DIFFERENT AGENCIES
ANALYSIS INFERENCE
ARCHITECTURAL
SITE ZONING CONCEPTS
PROGRAMMING
CONCEPTUALIZATION
DEVELOPED PROBABLE DESIGN SOLUTION

1.5 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Country’s first regional evacuation center rises in Region 1 by Joanne Namnama P.

Dilim Published on October 27, 2017
https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1001399
2. Hospital by Pamela C. Fralick Harold Scarborough, W. Douglas Piercy
https://www.britannica.com/science/hospital
3. Pampanga is Ph.’s best in disaster risk reduction
http://www.lubao.gov.ph/pampanga-is-phs-best-in-disaster-risk-reduction/
3 https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://123.49.46.157/
bitstream/handle/10361/4650/14168003.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1&ved=2ahUKEw
jy-
_nGpazkAhUEfd4KHS_lAFYQFjAIegQICRAB&usg=AOvVaw2pjiLILZTQL9P
nmyOJz8Hb
4 https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=https://drum.lib.umd.
edu/bitstream/handle/1903/18646/Law_umd_0117N_17276.pdf%3Fsequence%3
D1&ved=2ahUKEwjy-
_nGpazkAhUEfd4KHS_lAFYQFjATegQIAhAB&usg=AOvVaw2nTRY2S8c_fs
R7gnXo58QI
5 Pampanga PDRRMO hosts Multi-Hazard Disaster Summit
https://pia-gov-
ph.cdn.ampproject.org/v/s/pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1025094.amp?amp_js_v=0.1
&usqp=mq331AQEKAFwAQ%3D%3D#origin=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google
.com&prerenderSize=1&visibilityState=visible&paddingTop=32&p2r=0&horizo

ntalScrolling=0&csi=1&e-ios-scrollable-
iframe=1&aoh=15672603188079&viewerUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.c
om%2Famp%2Fs%2Fpia.gov.ph%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F1025094.amp&history
=1&storage=1&cid=1&cap=navigateTo%2Ccid%2CfullReplaceHistory%2Cfrag
ment%2CreplaceUrl

CHAPTER 2
PRESENTATION
OF DATAS

Chapter 2. PRESENTATION OF DATA
2.1 DATA MANAGEMENT
Data management encompasses a variety of different techniques that facilitate and ensure data
control and flow from creation to processing, utilization and deletion. Data management is
implemented through a cohesive infrastructure of technological resources and a governing
framework that define the administrative processes used throughout the life cycle of data.
2.1.1 PRESENT CONDITION
a. DEMOGRAPHIC DATA
The municipality was established in 1770 as a farming village and was named Barrio del Pilar
after its founder, Don Mariano Del Pilar de los Reyes. What best describes its social
composition and characteristics is that like most Kapampangan, residents of San Simon
retained their Kapampangan language and traditional culture and arts brought about by their
Malay ancestors and enriched by Chinese, Spanish, American, Japanese and other ethnic and
foreign cultures.
As of 2018, the San Simon Municipality Profile reported that majority of the residents of San
Simon were Roman Catholic (approximately 80%). Other religious affiliations include
Members Church of God International (10%), Iglesia ni Cristo (7%), and others (3%).
Population Size and Growth Rate
The municipality of San Simon composed of 14 barangays in an area of 5,736 hectares. Its
total population as of the 2010 Census of the National Statistics Office (NSO) is 48,353, and
a total household of 9,801. The municipality is predominantly on agricultural land; its main
source of livelihood is farming, while a small percentage of families are involved in small-
scale business enterprises.

The municipality of San Simon accounts for 2.4% of the total population of the Pampanga
province, which is at 2,014,019 excluding the independent Angeles. Table 1 shows the
population projection from 2014-2025 using the annual average growth (AAG) rate from
2000-2010. The table cites that by 2025 the population of the municipality will reach 61,352.
TABLE 1: SAN SIMON POPULATION PROJECTION BY BARANGAY, 2014-2025

FIGURE 1: POPULATION DENSITY MAP (MAO AREA)

FIGURE 2: POPULATION DENSITY MAP (NSO AREA)

POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
Age-Sex Composition
The population of the municipality is generally young as indicated by the wide base of
its pyramidal structure, illustrated in Figure 3 and detailed in Table 2. Children aged
5-9 years old make up the largest age group, followed by those aged 10-14 and 15-19.
Males outnumber females on the average as they account for 50.1% of the population
of San Simon. This translates to a sex ratio of 104:100 of males to females, which is
similar to the province’s sex ratio at 102 males per 100 females. FIGURE 3: AGE-
SEX PYRAMID, 2007

TABLE 2: SAN SIMON POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX, 2007

FIGURE 4: SAN SIMON POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX, 2007
Dependency Ratio
Based on Table 2, the Overall Dependency ratio of the municipality of San Simon is
at 64.11, which means there are 65 dependents for every 100 persons in the working
age group (15-64 years old). This is relatively high as compared to the province’s
dependency ratio at 57 dependents per 100 persons. The Young Dependency ratio,
marked at 56.79, is higher than the 50.0 average for the province of Pampanga. This
shows that San Simon’s population is mostly of young age. Old-age dependency ratio
is at 7.31, similar to the province’s old-age dependency ratio, which is at 7.0
(Philippine Statistics Authority, 2013).

Churches
A church building, or assembly house, often simply called a church, is a building used
for religious activities, particularly worship services and spiritual empowerment. In the
municipality of San Simon there are a wide variety of religious groups in every
barangay. There are 24 religious structures situated within the municipality. See Table
below for inventory of churches per barangay.
TABLE 3: INVENTORY OF CHURCHES BY LOCATION, NUMBER OF
CHURCHES AND NAME OF CHURCH

MAP SHOWING CHURCH LOCATIONS

Education
Education Facilities
The District of San Simon, under the Department of Education (DepEd), is

administered by a district supervisor, who serves primarily to address underlying
concerns and problems of the different schools in the municipality. As of SY 2013, the
San Simon District has 19 Public Schools all over the municipality, of which there are
14 elementary schools (ES) and five high schools. In addition, there are four
established private schools providing primary, elementary, and secondary education.
Table 4 catalogs the public schools, while Table 5 lists down the private schools in the
municipality.
TABLE 4: EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (PUBLIC SCHOOLS) IN SAN SIMON,
2013

TABLE 5: EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (PRIVATE SCHOOLS) IN SAN SIMON,

2013
TABLE 6: EDUCATION FACILITIES IN SAN SIMON, SY 2013-2014

A higher-level education institution is not available in the municipality. Students availing of

higher-level education enroll in colleges and universities in San Fernando City, other nearby
cities or in Metro Manila.
Figure 13 is a spot map for the schools in the municipality while Table 6 shows the available
education facilities and its classification in terms of exposure to hazard in San Simon per
School Year (SY) 2013-2014.
The municipality of San Simon has also adopted the DepEd program on Philippine Alternative
Learning System (ALS) for dropouts and out-of-school youths (OSY). The program benefits
individuals who cannot afford formal schooling as it provides a viable alternative to the
existing formal education instruction, encompassing both the non-formal and informal sources
of knowledge and skills. Table 7 lists down the eight Community Learning Centers (CLCs)
in the municipality. The ALS program caters to accreditation and placement of students.
Furthermore, San Simon’s DepEd District Office has employed a mobile teacher who goes
around the municipality to provide non-formal education to the populace. At present, there is
only one mobile teacher in the municipality. Performance indicators is shown in Table 8.

TABLE 7: ALS COMMUNITY LEARNING CENTERS (CLC) IN SAN

SIMON, 2013
TABLE 8: PERFORMANCE INDICATORS, 2013

Participation Rate
Nine out of 14 barangays have 100% participation rate in public elementary schools, while
the participation rates in Sta. Monica and Sto. Niño public elementary schools exhibit the
lowest among other barangays at 98%. District average participation rate is at 99.44%. Figure
5 shows the Participation Rate by Barangay in 2013.
FIGURE 5: EDUCATION PARTICIPATION RATE FOR PUBLIC ELEMENTARY

SCHOOLS, 2013

Enrolment Rate
The urban barangay of San Juan registered the lowest enrolment rate at 96.35%, bringing the
average enrolment rate of the district at 92.3%.
Figure 6 shows the enrolment rate per Barangay as of 2013.
FIGURE 6: EDUCATION ENROLLMENT RATE FOR PUBLIC ELEMENTARY

SCHOOLS, 2013

There is a declining trend in terms of Enrollment Participation Rate (EPR) in San Simon. The
highest EPR recorded for the past seven years was in School Year (SY) 2009-2010 at 98.11%,
while the lowest recorded was at SY 2011-2012 at 96.84%. Table 9 shows the Historical EPR
in San Simon from SY 20072008 until SY 2011-2012.
TABLE 9: HISTORICAL ENROLLMENT PARTICIPATION RATE FOR SY
2007-2012
Cohort Survival Rate
Cohort-Survival Rate is the proportion of enrollees at the beginning of the grade or year who
reach the end of the required number of years of study. San Simon district registered an
average of 83.07%; none of the public elementary schools registered a 100% rate. Concepcion
Elementary School recorded the lowest rate at 61.73% while San Juan Elementary School
ranked the highest at 97.22%.

FIGURE 7: EDUCATION COHORT SURVIVAL RATE FOR PUBLIC

ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS, 2013
Teacher-Student Ratio
The average teacher-student ratio in the municipality is 1:39, the national standard as
mandated by DepEd (as of SY 2013-2014) is to maintain a 1:55 teacher-student ratio for
elementary education. Table 10 summarizes the ratio of teacher-student for each educational
institution in the municipality for SY 2013-2014.
TABLE 10: TEACHER-STUDENT RATIO, SY 2013-2014

Table 11 shows the Teacher requirement by level for 2015 per DepEd District Office.
TABLE 11: TEACHER REQUIREMENT NEEDS BY LEVEL FOR 2015
Student-Classroom Ratio
The student-classroom ratio for primary and elementary education in San Simon is 1:39 and
1:38, respectively; the prescribed classroom size for a classroom-student ratio of 1:55 is about
7m x 7m for rural areas. The existing ratios in the municipality remain above the national
standards. The classroom size provides a conducive environment for learning and where a
teacher is able to interact freely with the students and exercise order and control
TABLE 12: CLASSROOM REQUIREMENT NEEDS BY LEVEL FOR

2015
Labor and Employment

As of 2013, the labor force population of San Simon reached a total of 33,109 persons (Table
16). The labor force or the economically active population, as defined by the Housing and
Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB), consists of the population 15 years old and over who
are either employed or unemployed. Employed persons include those who work for pay in
any government or private enterprises or those who work for profit; or with or without pay on
the farm or business operated by a member of the same household related by blood, marriage
or adoption regardless of the number of hours devoted for work. Also included are those who
are temporarily absent from job or business because of such reasons as temporary illness,
vacation, strike or other valid reasons. Unemployed persons cover those who are reported
wanting and looking for work on a full-time basis.
In the same period, 18.9% of the labor force population or 6,251 persons were employed while
the remaining 81.1% or 26,858 persons were unemployed (Table 15). As shown in Table 15
and Figure 11, there are more males employed compared to females, 3,265 males and 2,986
females, respectively. On the other hand, there are more unemployed females than males,
13,826 females and 13,032 males. Moreover, San Simon’s labor force population constitutes
5.06% of the provincial total labor force population. Likewise, from the total provincial
employed population, 1.52% is from San Simon whereas from the total provincial
unemployed population, 11% is from San Simon (Table 13).

TABLE 13. LABOR FORCE POPULATION BY SEX AND EMPLOYMENT STATUS,
2013
FIGURE 8. LABOR FORCE POPULATION BY SEX AND EMPLOYMENT

STATUS, 2013
As shown in Table 16, for the years 2008-2013, the total number of overseas workers in San
Simon is consistently increasing except for 2011 wherein there is no change in the number

of overseas workers. As of 2013, there are already 674 overseas workers and 347 of
them are male while 327 are female.
TABLE 16. OVERSEAS WORKERS FOR THE PAST FIVE YEARS, 2008-2013
Economic Activity
Since San Simon is predominantly agricultural land, the main source of livelihood of its
residents is farming, while a small percentage of the families are involved in small-scale
business enterprises.
A total land area of 4,528.6532 hectares comprises the agricultural land of San Simon making
it the most dominant land use within the municipality while commercial areas in San Simon
are located at San Agustin (along McArthur Hi-way), Sta. Monica (CDCP), and San Jose
(Plaza) occupying approximately 8.17 has, 2.65 has, and 1.55 has, respectively.
San Simon is also the industrial capital in 4th District of Pampanga, on account of its strategic
location and the availability of tertiary level services. It is projected as one of the "promising
towns" of Pampanga, which shall provide essential services to the neighboring towns.

The businesses established in the town offers a wide range of goods and services. While many
businesses are chiefly on retail trade of grocery, food and dry products, services are likewise
prevalent, especially on merchandise.
TABLE 17: INVENTORY OF EXISTING INDUSTRIAL ESTABLISHMENTS
BY INTENSITY AND CAPITALIZATION & EMPLOYMENT, 2013




Integrated Economic Sector Analysis
Table 51 shows that for years 2012 and 2013, Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry
Activity (39.75%, 38.90%, respectively) provides the highest employment in San
Simon followed by Manufacturing (27.48%, 26.47%, respectively). Moreover, total
employment generated by the different economic activities increased in number from
4,327 in 2012 to 4,568 in 2013. The number of employment generated by Agriculture,
Hunting and Forestry, and Manufacturing increased in 2013 but the percentage share
of employment decreased in 2013. Among the different economic activities, the change
in number of employment and percentage share in employment for Other Community,
Social and Personal Economic Activity shows the biggest increase in 2013. As shown
in Table 50 and Table 21, as of 2013, 1,832 residents are employed in primary

economic activities (agriculture, fishing, hunting, forestry and mining and quarrying),
1,467 are employed in secondary activities (manufacturing, electricity, gas, water
supply and construction) and 1,085 are engaged in tertiary activities (wholesale and
retail trade, transportation and communication, and finance, insurance and related
services). The primary sector has the biggest share of employment in San Simon
followed by the secondary sector and tertiary sector for years 2012 and 2013 (Table 52
and Figure 18). For the year 2012, the level of urbanization of San Simon is 59% while
for the year 2013 the level of urbanization is 60% (how to compute for level of
urbanization: add % secondary and % tertiary or deduct % primary from 100%).
San Simon is deemed urban since percentage share of employment in primary sector is less
than 50% as shown in Table 52. Furthermore, there is increasing share of employment in the
tertiary (services) sector which indicates increasing urbanization in the municipality
TABLE 20: EMPLOYMENT BY TYPE OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY, 2012-2013.

TABLE 21: EMPLOYMENT BY MAJOR SECTOR, 2012-2013
Note: - Primary - sum of the number and % shares respectively (taken from table 1) of
agriculture, fishing, hunting, forestry and mining and quarrying (Major divisions A, B and C
of PSIC) - Secondary - sum of the number and % shares respectively (taken from table 1) for
manufacturing, electricity, gas, water supply and construction (Major division D, E and F) -
Tertiary - sum of the number and % shares of all other economic activities (taken from table
1) not included in the primary and secondary sectors (Major division G to Q).

FIGURE 9: EMPLOYMENT BY MAJOR SECTOR
Household Size
There are 9,801 households in San Simon as of 2010, giving the municipality an average
household size of 4.93. Table 2 shows the population distribution and household size per
Barangay.
Table 3 shows the historical population of San Simon from 2000-2012. The population records
for 2000, 2007, and 2010 are official records from the Philippine Census, while the 2011-2013
populations are projected using the annual average growth (AAG) rate from 2000-2010.

Table 4 shows the population projection from 2014-2025 using the annual average growth
(AAG) rate from 2000-2010. The table cites that by 2025 the population of the municipality
will reach 61,352.
TABLE 22: POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND HOUSEHOLD SIZE PER
BARANGAY, 2010

TABLE 23: SAN SIMON HISTORICAL POPULATION BY BARANGAY,
2000-2013

2. Physical Data
Macro Site Data
POLITICAL BOUNDARIES
Pampanga is a first class province some 84 kilometers northwest of Manila, located at the
crossroads of the Central Luzon region. It is bounded by the region’s other provinces: Nueva
Ecija in the north-northeast; Tarlac in the north; Zambales in the west; Bataan in the south;
and Bulacan in the east.
It has a total land area of 218,068 hectares of mainly flat terrain and its active volcano, Mt.
Arayat, is the only distinct mountain. The other mountainous areas are along the Pampanga-
Zambales border. It has 19 municipalities and three cities.
Its terrain is relatively flat with one distinct mountain, Mount Arayat and the notable
Pampanga River. Among its municipalities, Porac has the largest land mass with 314 square

kilometres (121 sq mi); Candaba comes in second with 176 square kilometres (68 sq mi);
followed by Floridablanca with 175 square kilometres (68 sq mi). Santo Tomas, with an area
of 21 square kilometres (8.1 sq mi), is the smallest.
It is subdivided into four political districts 1st District: Municipalities of Mabalacat and
Magalang including Angeles City; 2nd District: Municipalities of Lubao, Guagua,
Floridablanca, Porac, Sta. Rita, and Sasmuan; 3rd District: Municipalities of San Fernando,
Arayat, Mexico, Bacolor, and Sta. Ana; and the 4th District: Municipalities of Candaba,
Apalit, Macabebe, Masantol, Minalin, Sto. Tomas, San Luis, and San Simon.
Pampanga is served by the Clark International Airport, which is located at Clark Freeport
Zone, some 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) north of the provincial capital.
The province is home to two Philippine Air Force air bases, Basa Air Base in Floridablanca,
and Clark Air Base in Angeles City.
CLIMATE
The climate prevailing in Pampanga like its neighboring provinces belongs to Type I.
It consists of two distinct seasons: the dry season, which occurs during the months of
December, January, February, March and April; and the wet season which starts in the rainy

months of May to November. Prior to 1991, the rainy season was eagerly anticipated by
farmers and regarded as planting season.
ADJOINING AREA AND USES
The province land belongs to the non-forest areas. It has a flat terrain and a downward
sloping area which was found out to be the result of lahar flows from the Mt. Pinatubo. The
adjoining upper municipality of Porac and Angeles City are highly elevated. Hence, the
downward flow of lahar rolls from the higher part of Bacolor to the lower barangays of
Cabambangan, Tinajero, Talba, Mesalipit, Cabalantian, Sta. Ines, and Cabetican.
ACCESS
The province of Pampanga is strategically located at the crossroads of central Luzon and is
highly accessible by air and land. The province is home to two airstrips: Basa Air Base in
Floridablanca, which is used by the military, and Clark International Airport in Clark Freeport
Zone. Pampanga has five municipal ports that function as fish landing centers. These are in
the municipalities of Guagua, Macabebe, Masantol, Minalin, and Sasmuan.
Land travel is made easy by buses that travel the routes of Manila-Pampanga-Bataan, Manila-
Pampanga-Zambales, Manila-Pampanga-Tarlac, Manila-Pampanga-Nueva Ecija, Manila-
Bulacan-Pampanga, and Manila-Pampanga-Dagupan.

The 84 kilometres (52 mi) North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) extends from Balintawak in
Metro Manila to Sta. Ines in Pampanga. It passes through the large cities of San Fernando,
Angeles and ends through Sta. Ines in Mabalacat, which is Clark Field, and municipalities of
Minalin and San Simon
The 94 kilometres (58 mi) four-lane Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway (SCTEx) to date, is the
longest toll expressway in the Philippines. Its southern terminus is in the Subic Bay Freeport
Zone in Zambales and passes through the Clark Freeport Zone in two interchanges: Clark
North and Clark South. The expressway is linked to the North Luzon Expressway through the
Mabalacat Interchange. Its northern terminus is located at the Central Techno Park in Tarlac
City, Tarlac.
Micro –Site Data
FIGURE 1: Boundaries

FIGURE 2. BASE MAP
FIGURE 3: ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES

San Simon is underlain by alluvial deposits (QAl/R) as reworked materials from the
pyroclastic deposits and volcanic sediments belonging to the Holocene to late Pleistocene
Pinatubo volcano deposits. It is widely distributed in the Central Luzon Plan with a thickness
of about 199m on the basis of existing drilling. This deposit, which comprises the main
aquifer system of the area, some deep wells intercepted consolidated sedimentary sequences
that appear to be related to the Pleistocene Bamban Formation or Early Pliocene to Miocene
Tarlac Formation.
Barangays and Land Area
San Simon is politically subdivided into 14 barangays. Table 1 shows the total land area and
the percentage of land area covered per barangay and Figure 3 presents the Administrative
Boundaries.
TABLE 1: LISTS OF BARANGAYS, TOTAL LAND AREA AND PERCENTAGE OF

LAND AREA

Land Classification and Uses
General Land Use
Built – up Areas
Built-up areas in the Municipality of San Simon have a land area of 918.5338 hectares or
16.01% of the total land area of the municipality. These are further subdivided into Residential
areas with 358.1287 hectares (or 6.24%), Commercial 12.3700 (or 0.22%), Industrial
456.6741 hectares (or 7.96%) and Institutional with 91.3610 hectares (or 1.59%).
The general form of built-up areas follows the traditional ribbon type of development where
residential areas, commercial establishments and other urban activities are mostly established
along major roads, intersections and bodies of water like rivers and creeks. This is evident in
the following barangays: San Agustin, San Jose, San Juan and San Miguel.
Commercial activities in the municipality have been geared to service local needs. At present,
there are estimated 699 total number of business establishments in terms of economic activity
located in the different barangays. Sari–sari stores contribute to the predominant form of
enterprise, which is followed by merchandising and trading. Other commercial establishments
include bakeshop, cafeteria and canteen, poultry supply, hospital/clinics, drug store, beauty
parlor, funeral parlor, construction supply and auto supply.
In terms of residential activities, settlements are located parallel to road networks, rivers and
creeks. There are at least six (6) barangays located along the Pampanga River with residents
living along its banks, namely San Pedro, San Juan, San Jose, San Nicolas, Sta. Cruz, and San
Miguel. There are also residents living close to the industrial zones (behind Quezon Road).
The said locations are risky and hazardous to life and property of the residents of the said
areas. There is also the presence of informal settlers throughout the municipality, specifically
in barangays San Pedro, Concepcion and San Miguel.

Industrial activities, on the other hand, play a vital role in the development and progress of
San Simon. As of 2013, the municipality of San Simon registered a total number of 22 mixed
industrial activities. These consist of major or big industries such as steel mills, smelting
plants, ceramic tiles, battery plant, pot industry and other activities. Others are considered as
small and / or medium scale industries such as the concrete products manufacturing,
vulcanizing and junkshop, garments factory and gasoline stations. These industrial activities
are concentrated in barangays San Isidro, San Pablo Propio, San Pablo Libutad, Sta. Monica,
Sto. Niño and San Agustin. The greater bulk of industries are located along the stretch of
Quezon Road. There are also other industries in other barangays comprising mostly of
agroindustrial activities like poultry and piggery
The present location of the Municipal Town Hall, the center of institutional activities within
the municipality, is in barangay San Agustin. Some other institutional uses such as educational
institutions, health centers, religious institutions and government agencies are located in
different areas of the municipality.
Agricultural Areas
Agricultural areas comprise a total land area of 4,582.6532 (79.89%) which makes it the most
dominant land use within the municipality, When it comes to agricultural tilling, the most
notable areas for agricultural activities are barangays located to the east of Pampanga River
namely Concepcion, Sta. Cruz, San Nicolas and San Miguel. There are also sizable
agricultural lands in Barangays San Pedro, San Jose, Sto. Niño, Dela Paz, San Pablo Propio,
San Pablo Libutad and San Isidro. However, this latter group of Barangays is experiencing a
marginal change in use to unproductive area because of 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption and due
to rapid urbanization. Presently, most of these places are teemed with grasses and similar
vegetation.

Special Land Use (Cemetery)
There are three (3) existing cemeteries within the municipality, these are: Municipal Cemetery
located at San Jose, and the two private cemeteries namely: Roman Cemetery located at San
Juan and Gate of Heaven Memorial Chapel and Crematorium Inc. (Loyola Memorial
Cemetery) which is located at Barangay San Isidro. These cemeteries have an approximate
total area of 7.4460 hectares or equivalent to 0.13% of the total land area.
Other Uses
The remaining areas of the total land area of the Municipality are allocated to river, creeks,
parks and playgrounds, open spaces, road networks and utilities with a total land area of
227.3670 (3.96%). Table 9 shows the existing general land use distribution of the
municipality.
TABLE 2: EXISTING GENERAL LAND USE

Urban Land Use -The Municipality of San Simon has fourteen (14) barangays, four (4) are
considered urban, namely San Juan Poblacion, San Jose, San Pedro and Sto. Niño. These four
barangays have a total land area of 1,211.2128 hectares or an equivalent of 21.12% of the total
land area of the Municipality. Still, the most dominant use in the area is agricultural. But there
is an evident case that these barangays continue their rapid growth and progress. Barangay
San Pedro and San Jose are considered the most populated barangays in the Municipality
according to National Census. Presently, there are a lot of settlements within the barangays
mostly built near along Pampanga River and near roads. The existing public market is located
in Barangay San Jose. Also, there is a plan to build a new Government center in three (3)
hectares vacant lot in Barangay Sto. Niño and this would be considered the new institutional
center in the Municipality.
TABLE 3: 2014-2024 PROPOSED URBAN LAND USE DISTRIBUTION OF

SAN SIMON, PAMPANGA

TABLE 4: LISTS OF URBAN BARANGAYS, TOTAL LAND AREA AND

PERCENTAGE OF LAND AREA
FIGURE 4: MAP SHOWING BARANGAY HALLS LOCATION

Existing Structures
TABLE 5: INVENTORY OF OTHER EXISTING STRUCTURES BY

LOCATION, TYPE OF STRUCTURE, NUMBER AND NAME OF
ESTABLISHMENTS



FIGURE 5: MAP SHOWING EXISTING STRUCTURES

Topography/ Landform
The topography of the Municipality of San Simon is generally affected by the Pampanga River
System. It is part of the alluvial plain that its topography has changed from rolling topography
(slopes less than 15°) before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo into a generally plain to sloping
with slopes ranging from less than 3 to 8%.
FIGURE 6: TOPOGRAPHIC MAP

Vegetation
The concept of sustainable development espouses the utilization of resources within their
carrying capacities so that future generations will not be precluded from enjoying the very
same resources used today.
It also means protecting and preserving the environment while optimizing its productive
potentials. In this context, sustainable environmental management takes into consideration
the interaction of the natural environment (e.g. rivers, lakes, mountains) the built environment
(e.g. communities, roads & bridges, manufacturing plants), and the people.
In the case of focus may be given to four (4) major concerns, as follows:
a) Water quality
b) Air quality;
c) Noise Pollution; and
d) Solid waste management
Water Bodies and Quality
Groundwater Resource. The groundwater is the primary source for the potable water supply
in the study area. Hence, the present groundwater quality is preliminarily evaluated against
the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) by the Department of Health
(DOH).
A study of Sandoval M.& Mamaril F. on the Hydrogeology of Central Luzon in the 1970s
described the quality of the groundwater in the region based on the physical, biological,
chemical and radiological characteristics. The chemical analysis of water ordinarily included
the determination of the total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, pH and presence of
Iron, Sulfates and Chlorides

The Municipality of San Simon should have a regular and updated data on the water quality
(results of the above bacteriological and metal analysis, those for the physical and chemical
analysis on the groundwater quality tests compared with the EMB-WQ standards) of its water
sources from San Simon Waterworks which is the lone water supplier in the area. Wells in
the barangays should be tested and monitored for quantity and quality.
Figure 7 shows the location of Water Permits for Groundwater based on the study done by
NWRBJICA on the Progress Report on Pampanga River Basin Integrated Water Resources
Management in 2008 showing that there are several permits applied for specific use for
irrigation, industrial and municipal use and most likely, some residential areas which have
groundwater pumps to not have required permits that should be monitored and controlled.
FIGURE 7: LOCATION OF WATER PERMITS FOR GROUNDWATER

With regard to Water Permits for Surface Water, there are no current applications by
companies or industries to use the Pampanga River for municipal, irrigation and/or industrial
processes.
FIGURE 8: WATER PERMITS FOR SURFACE WATER

Air Quality
The Air Quality monitoring station in Pampanga is in San Fernando City which is 17
kilometers away from the municipality San Simon. According to the EMB R3, the sampling
site is a roadside monitoring station located at an open parking lot about 300 meters away
from San Fernando junction, the busiest intersection of the city and 1.5 kilometers away from
San Fernando Exit of NLEX. Since the air sampling station is located in the main road, the
emission from mobile as well as area sources are significantly contributes to the concentration
on Total Suspended Particulate (TSP).
TABLE 6: AMBIENT TSP CONCENTRATION WITHIN 24-HOURS AVERAGE
TIME
The result of ambient TSP concentration in San Fernando Pampanga exceeded the 230 µg/
Ncm (Short term) National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Value (NAAQGV) of the
Philippine Clean Air Act (RA 8749). This is due to the traffic and profuse vehicle emission at
the road.

Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management
The estimated special waste for San Simon using the approximated waste characterization for
the Province of Pampanga is about 54 kg/day or about 0.12 cubic meter per day. There is no
database on the volume of Toxic and Hazardous waste which includes Health Care Wastes
coming from the 24 industries; 6 clinics, agricultural fields, laboratories of schools and special
wastes from offices. Below are list of registered treatment-storage-disposal facilities and
accredited transporters of Hazardous Wastes in the Province of Pampanga which could be
contacted by the Municipality and its industries.
Solid Waste Management
As stated in the Regional State of-Brown Environment Report for 2011, the general waste
generation based on the source is shown in Table 60. It shows that the major bulk of waste
generated mostly come from residential sources, constituting 62.98% of the percentage total
of waste volume. The institutional sources is about 19.69%, while, the commercial sources
with 15.71% and industrial generating only 0.55% of the total estimated generated volume
by the Region

TABLE 7: LIST OF REGISTERED TREATMENT/STORAGE/DISPOSAL (TSD)

FACILITIES FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES IN PAMPANGA (AS OF APRIL 30,
2014, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT BUREAU)

TABLE 8: LIST OF ACCREDITED TRANSPORTERS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES

IN PAMPANGA (AS OF APRIL 30, 2014, ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
BUREAU)

TABLE 9: REGIONAL WASTE GENERATION BY VOLUME BASED ON THE

SOURCE (EMB REGION 3- 2011 STATE OF BROWN ENVIRONMENT REPORT)
The estimated waste generation of the Municipality of San Simon based on the projected
population for 2014 (NSCB, 2000-2010) is 25,761 kg/day or 25.8 metric tonne/day based on
the generation rate of 0.5kg/cap/day. The Municipality is in the process of formulating its
Ten-Year Solid Waste Management Plan.

Table 57 below shows the identified waste characteristic in the Municipality of San Simon
(per barangay) using the waste composition for the Province of Pampanga extracted from the
Regional Waste Characteristics for Region 3 (EMB,2011).
TABLE 10: ESTIMATED WASTE COMPOSITION FOR THE MUNICIPALITY OF

SAN SIMON AND ITS 14 BARANGAYS

The Municipality approximately generates 3.6 metric tons of recyclable wastes, 15.5 metric
tons of biodegradable wastes and 6.4 metric tons of residual wastes with its estimated
population and a generation rate of 0.5kg per day per person. Based on the Ecological Solid
Waste Framework of RA 9003, the biodegradables and recyclable wastes should be managed
at the barangay level while the residual and special waste should be handled by the
Municipality.
Garbage is collected at the household level in some barangays every other day. The garbage
collection system involves the use of two garbage trucks that were procured by the local
government and another one which is owned by a private contractor. Not all barangays,
however, are reached by these garbage trucks, due to distance from the poblacion area and the
narrow roads in some barangays. Rural barangays that are not serviced by the collection
system often resort to throwing of garbage to the river or burning of trash.
Waste segregation is also not a common practice. However, an NGO collects biodegradable
wastes, but not on a regular basis and there are three Materials Recovery Facility located in
Barangay Sta. Monica, Barangay Sto. Niño and Barangay San Isidro.
San Simon is targeting to build a Municipal Materials Recovery Facility or Transfer Station
to cater for the fourth District of Pampanga in Barangay San Isidro or in Barangay dela Paz,
rather than a Sanitary Landfill due to its high risk on flood hazard and liquefaction. The MRF
will be the staging area where collected segregated wastes such as plastics will be co-
processed or used as alternative fuels and raw materials (AFR) by cement companies like
HOLCIM which is allowed in Republic Act 6969. The proposed area will be about 2 hectares
and will be elevated in the design due to a possible occurrence of flooding in the Municipality
once a year.

Environmentally Constrained Areas
Volcanic Hazards
The Municipality of San Simon is approximately 97 kilometers from Mt. Pinatubo.

Considering the location of the Municipality, primary volcanic hazards would be from air-fall
tephra and lahars.
Mt. Pinatubo’s latest eruption was in June 15, 1991 after about 600 years of quiescence. Other
eruption-related volcanic hazards for Pinatubo include airfall tephra, pyroclastic flows, base
surge, fissuring, ground subsidence and lahar or mudflows. The effect of air-fall tephra
depends on the thickness and distribution of tephra deposits which is strongly dependent on
the speed and direction of prevailing wind, height of the eruption column, and duration of the
eruption. The possible hazards include burial by volcanic ash and impact from large
projectiles. In contrast, lahar is devastating because it affects the watershed emanating from
the volcano. It is a rapidly flowing thick mixture of volcanic sediments and water which
contains 20 to 80% sediment by volume. Hazards include lateral and vertical scouring of
channels, impacts associated with the flowing slurries of freshly mixed concrete and other
sediments that it carries. While the probability of another major eruption is estimated to be
small, mudflows are likely to continue to be a source of severe damage over the next 5 to 10
years as heavy rainfall erodes the pyroclastic surge causing sediment to move downstream.
Sediment deposits have filled major drainage channels, causing widespread flooding
especially in the low-lying areas.
Seismic Hazards
The main seismic hazard is ground shaking with associated collateral hazards like ground
rupture, fissuring, liquefaction and landslides. The intensity of ground shaking is a function
of the magnitude, proximity to earthquake epicenter and ground condition which also includes
the failure of existing engineering structures.

The potential earthquake generators that may affect the Municipality include the East
Zambales Fault, the Maraunot Fault passing through Mt. Pinatubo and Mt.Pinatubo itself.
Based on existing preliminary work of PHIVOLCS, there is relevant active faulting at least
along the northern segment of the East Zambales Fault which is not near to the Municipality.
Most of the epicenters are shallow so indicating that faulting is still active. Figures 22 and 23
show the Preliminary Earthquake-induced Landslide Hazard Map and Groundshaking Hazard
Map from PHIVOLCS-DOST 2008 and PENRO-DENR . Based on the maps, the
Municipality of San Simon will not be affected by any landslide since there are no hills or
elevated topography. However, once shaking from the nearest earthquake generator would
occur, groundshaking will be experienced by the people of San Simon. PHIVOLCS
Earthquake Intensity (PEIS) 8- Very Destructive will be experienced particularly east most
portion of Barangay Concepcion and Barangay San Pablo and Dela Paz. Whereas, PEIS 7-
Destructive will be experienced by the rest of the barangays of San Simon.
Liquefaction Susceptibility
Liquefaction is the process in which sediments, consisting mostly of water-saturated silt and
fine sand, loss rigidity in response to earthquake-induced intense ground shaking. As particles
are reorganized into a more compact packing arrangement, pore water is expelled and breaks
through the surface forming sand boils. The process is prevalent in seismically active areas
underlain by water-saturated, moderate to well-sorted sandy sediments, and where the water
table is relatively shallow which could be the case in the Municipality of San Simon, thus
suggesting a general high susceptibility to liquefaction hazard (as also illustrated in Figure
24 below). Infrastructure to be sited within this ground should be anchored properly or with
good engineering foundation to compensate for potential ground failure arising from
liquefaction. Barangay Dela Paz and Barangay San Pablo Libutad would probably be in a
moderate susceptibility to this hazard; it would be safe to have a foundation compliant with
the Structural and Building Code of the Philippines.

Flooding and Flood Related Hazards
Flooding is a consequence of continuous and excessive rainfall from either typhoon or

southwest monsoon which in effect, causes river overbanking and flooding. In the
Municipality of San Simon, flooding is a recurring problem and poses great difficulties and
danger especially to low-lying areas with inadequate drainage system. An average of at least
one flooding in a year and with a frequency of tropical cyclone passage over the Pampanga
River Basin of about 5 in 3 years (PRFFWC Pampanga River Basin Flood Forecasting &
Warning Center, PAGASA, DOST website).
Lahars, in contrast, are exclusive to volcanic watersheds, and differ from floods in having a
broader range of sediment content (by as much as 90% by weight). Thus flows tend to have
transitional forms with flow properties ranging from turbulent muddy stream-flow to debris-
flows. Hazards include lateral and vertical scouring of the channel, impact associated with
viscous slurry and entrained boulders, and extensively thick burial. Where deposits block
channels and waterways, back flooding may occur.
Siltation occurs from increased sediment input during flood-stage levels and lahar flows into
low gradient areas sited at the distal reach of rivers. Continuous sedimentation, as in the lahar-
affected rivers, reduces channel capacity that further exacerbates flooding problems in low-
lying areas. However, floods could cause significant lateral erosion and bank caving
particularly along the outside bend of river meanders.
As shown in Figure 12 below and as evident in the disaster plan prepared by the Municipality,
flooding is a major problem in the area and in all Municipalities within the Pampanga Delta.
There are widely-cited causes such as the various effects of urbanization, decreased
infiltration, increased runoff of rain waters due to the increase in paved areas, encroachment
of channels by squatters and fishponds; and choking of streams by improper garbage disposal.
Increased runoff and slope erosion as a consequence of deforestation is also recognized and
this also includes the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption. However, long prior the 1991 eruption;
flooding has been a problem in this region since it is a natural drainage and flood area.

FIGURE 9: VOLCANIC HAZARD MAP OF PHIVOLCS-DOST IN 2006

FIGURE 10: PRELIMINARY EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LANDSLIDE HAZARD

MAP: SAN SIMON

FIGURE 11: PRELIMINARY GROUND SHAKING HAZARD MAP: SAN SIMON

FIGURE 12: LIQUEFACTION HAZARD MAP OF SAN SIMON

FIGURE 13: SAN SIMON HAZARD MAP

San Simon’s Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan
Municipality of San Simon is exposed to multiple hazards such as Flooding, Typhoon and
River Bank Erosion. Barangays situated near Pampanga River (Barangays San Nicolas, Sta.
Cruz, San Miguel, San Jose, San Juan and San Pedro) would continuously experience flooding
and possibly even erosion of river bank in some areas.
To comply with Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Act of 2010 (RA 10121),
San Simon in 2012 created a Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council
(LDRMMC) chaired by the Municipal Mayor, Hon. Leonora Capule-Wong and with Vice
Mayor Honorato M. Almario as the Vice Chairman. The LDRRMC is composed of the head
of various offices, such as the DRRM Officer, Engineering Officer, Health Officer, Budget
Officer, Agriculture Officer, Veterinary Officer, MSWD Officer, Gender and Development
Officer, MPDO, Chief of Police, BFP, President of the Association of Barangay Captains
(ABC), Philippine Red Cross (PRC), as well as Superintendent of Schools and representatives
of Private Sectors and Civil Society Organizations. The Council, as accorded in RA 10121,
shall approve, monitor and evaluate the LDRRMPs and ensure that they are consistent with
the national and local planning programs, shall recommend the implementation of forced or
preemptive evacuation, and ensure that the DRRM and CCA are integrated in the local
development plans, programs and budgets.
Aimed at making San Simon a disaster-resilient municipality, a municipal disaster

management plan was prepared by the LDRRMO. It provided a list of disaster rescue
equipment such as rescue boat, life vests, life buoy, and hand-held radio. The six barangays
located along Pampanga River were provided with hand-held radio and five fiber glass boats
(bancas) each. There are vehicles that can be used for DRRM activities, such as an ambulance,
multi-cabs, trucks and mobile patrol cars.
The contingency plan drafted by the LDRRMO details the course of action and offices and
people responsible for pre-, during and post-disaster phase. For disaster preparedness,
information drive and education campaign at barangay levels are important. This includes the
information dissemination about evacuation plans and the conduct of evacuation drills and
exercises. Disaster response team members are also given specialized trainings. During a
disaster event, Operation Centers are activated for emergency services like relief, rescue,
evacuation, and emergency and general medical care. Damage assessment and related reports
are to be submitted to facilitate efficient provision of support and assistance to affected
families. During the post-disaster period, activities include restoration, repair and
rehabilitation of damaged infrastructure.
Table 11 provides the number of families affected by flooding. This information is essential
in providing appropriate measures to mitigate the impacts of disaster and climate change.
TABLE 11: FAMILIES AFFECTED BY FLOODING PER BARANGAY
Flora and Fauna
Flora and fauna includes 40 species of trees and plants. The mountain is the legendary home
of Mariang Sinukuan, a beautiful fairy who protects flora and fauna.
Visual Resources
• Land and Forest Resources
The soils of Pampanga are generally of recent all north and northwest of San Fernando consist
of coa southeast, silt loam to clay. Pampanga's surface soils are composed of 54% sand, 21 %
silt and 25% clay. They are slightly acidic with the exception of the Arayat sandy clay loam
which is somewhat alkaline.
Also, they are not sticky and plastic because the magnesium content is very much lower than
half of the calcium content. The presence of high ration of magnesium to calcium indicates
the degree of stickiness or plasticity of a soil.
Forestland covers 24.38% of the total land area or approximately 53,156 hectares. The Arayat
National Park covers approximately 3,718 hectares, 508.69 hectares of which consists the park
resort area.
• Water Resources
Numerous rivers drain Pampanga. The largest and longest of these is Pampanga River which
runs from Nueva Ecija and flows along the slope of Mt. Arayat, cutting across the entire
eastern section of the province until it reaches Manila Bay. Other rivers worth mentioning are
the Porac River, Gumain River and Caulaman River. These flow from streams and small inlets
from the mountainous regions along the boundary of Zambales and empty out into small
tributaries eventually, finding their way into the sea.
The province's source of water for domestic use is from its enormous groundwater reserves.
It can be extracted through the construction wells equipped with pumps or available spring
water.
• Mineral Resources

Pampanga province was observed to have metallic deposits of gold, silver and copper and
non-metallic deposits of clay, sand and gravel.
a. Gold and silver were explored, extracted and developed from the porphyritic quartz bearing
andesite in Sitio La Kalyusan, Pabanlag, Floridablanca. Copper was also explored in Pio and
Planas, Porac. This metallic element is important as coenzyme needed to activate several plant
enzymes. It is used in fertilizer manufacture and is effective when applied to neutral or acidic
soils.
b. Non-Metallic Minerals Deposits of red-burning clays were seen in San Luis, Candaba and
vicinity. Other clay deposits are also present in Sta. Ana and its surrounding areas. The
indication of clay is the presence of manganese traces mixed with pyrolytic form of iron oxide.
Very plastic brown clay deposit was also observed in San Fernando, San Matias, Mexico and
in the municipality of Bacolor.
The most prominent non-metallic mineral deposit that was encountered was the quarry deposit
of sand and gravel.
The thick, loose consolidated gravel and sand were found in the southwestern part of Angeles
City and vicinity of Porac particularly the Abacan and Pasig-Potrero Rivers which may be the
result of previous eruption of Mt. Pinatubo.
Other quarry deposits that can be found along major drainage of the Gumain River are sand
and gravel which are good concrete aggregate due to their quartz and feldspar contents.
Soil Type
There are five (5) types of soil in San Simon namely: San Fernando City Loam, Quingua Silt
Loam, San Fernando Clay, Candaba Clay Loam, and the Bigaa Clay Loam as presented in
Table 11 and Figure 10 (sourced from Bureau of Soil and Water Management under the
Department of Agriculture).

TABLE 12: SOIL TYPES IN SAN SIMON
San Fernando Clay Loam (Entropepts with dystropepts) has a total area of 6.362 hectares.
It is located in low places and becomes waterlogged during the rainy season. Surface drainage
is imperfect, and internal drainage is poor because of the heavy native of the subsoil and
substratum. There are, however, scattered and small areas which are slightly elevated, and
these are planted with sugarcane and corn. A number of mangoes, bamboos, and other trees
are also planted. A typical profile of this soil is as follows:

TABLE 13: SAN FERNANDO CLAY LOAM SOIL PROFILE
This is a good agricultural soil. It is principally planted with lowland rice. Due to the fact
that it is oftentimes under water during the rainy season, planting is usually delayed. However,
it produces good yield. When the soil is not fertilized and under normal condition, the yield
of lowland rice is 55 cavans of palay to a hectare for the irrigated land and 35 cavans for the
non-irrigated land. Corn yields 10 cavans per hectare.
Quingua Silt Loam (Tropudalfs with Tropepts)
This soil, being almost level is slightly undulating, can be farmed with a minimum of effort.
Farm machinery can be used satisfactorily in the sugarcane fields and with some modification
in land preparation it can be used for lowland rice fields. It is presently planted principally to
rice and sugarcane. But the soil is suited to all locally grown crops and would give high
production when under good management and properly fertilized. It has a good drainage
condition and is easily tilled.
TABLE 14: QUINGUA SILT LOAM SOIL PROFILE

Indication from surface soil and subsoil shows that this soil loses its moisture content easily,
leaving the surface oil almost dry during the dry season. However, the available moisture
supply in the substratum keeps the soil always at its optimum moisture conditions. Normally,
the yield of rice is 35 canvas to the hectare without fertilizer, and sugarcane gives 60 piculs to
the hectare when the soil is not fertilized. This soil will respond readily to proper soil
management.
San Fernando Clay (Entropepts with dystropepts)
This soil occupies an area of 2,527 hectares located within the boundaries of Apalit, San
Simon, and Minalin along the provincial road from the San Fernando to Calumpit. It differs
from San Fernando Clay loam in that the surface soil has clay texture. It is very dark gray to
black, stiff, hard, and compact. This soil cannot be plowed soon after heavy rains without
injuries structural effects, hence, it should be plowed when moisture conditions are ideal, as
it is sticky when wet and tender to become hard if too dry. It has generally poor internal
drainage. Rice, corn and sugarcane are the principal crops grown in the soil type. Yields of
these crops are almost the same as the San Fernando clay loam. With the incorporation of
green manure, this soil will be easier to work.
Candaba Clay Loam/Silt Loan (Udorthentic Pellusterts) This soil type is within the vicinity
of Candaba. This is developed from alluvial material. Both the internal and external drainage
are poor. The area is under water throughout the rainy season to a depth of 2 to 5 meters. Due
to this condition, the area is cultivated clay during the dry season. The following are the
profile characteristic:
TABLE 14: CANDABA CLAY LOAM/SILT LOAM SOIL PROFILE

This soil cannot be cultivated during the rainy season because it is under water to a depth of
2 to 3 meters. It is principally grown to watermelon and muskmelon during the dry season.
These crops are planted every year usually beginning in December. In some areas, corn is
planted. The elevated areas are planted to rice. A bigger portion of the area is not cultivated
and the native vegetation are talahib and bamboos.
FIGURE 14: SOIL TYPES IN SAN SIMON

Bigaa Clay Loam (Pallisters with Udalfs, Udorthents and Tropepts) This soil type is the
continuation of the Bigaa Clay loam established in Bulacan Province. This soil type occupies
portion of the Candaba Swamp comprising a total area of 8,953 hectares. The surface soil
with a depth of 25 to 40 centimeter is brown to dark brown clay loam with some brickled
streaks. It is fine granular. Its structure is sticky and sometimes plastic in consistency. The
subsoil has a depth of 40 to 60 cm from the surface. The texture is clay loam to clay ranging
in color from light gray to dark gray and yellowish brown.
Iron concretions are present. Below subsoil is the substratum that reaches to a depth of 120
centimeters. It is light gray clay loam to clay with occasional concretions. Agriculturally, this
soil type is principally devoted to lowland rice and a limited area is grown to corn, although
it is adapted to most of the crops grown in the locality. The soil is not generally fertilized and
the production of rice is 45 cavans to the hectare while corn gives 12 cavans to the hectare.
Under proper soil management and fertilization this soil will produce a relatively high yield
of rice and corn. A small area of this soil is flooded during the rainy season while the other
portion is irrigated of the Angat River Irrigation System or Pampanga River.
Climate
The town of San Simon, Pampanga has two pronounced seasons, one wet and the other dry.
The wet season falls between the months of May to October and dry during the rest of the
year. Climate plays an important factor as to what kind of crops are to be planted during the
year since it influences the conditions of the soil. The hottest period of the year is during
March and April and the coldest is during December, January and February. Average annual
temperature reaches 26.4°C which shows a slight variation from the previous temperature.
Average rainfall varies from 105.23 mm during this part of the year.
Classification of climate using the Corona’s climate types is based on the monthly rainfall
received during the year. Pampanga is considered to have Type I climate where there is a
distinct dry and a wet season; wet from June to November and dry the rest of the year.

Projections for seasonal temperature and rainfall changes as well as projected increase in
frequency of the extreme events (e.g. extreme temperature, dry days and extreme rainfall) as
compared with observed average/actual values, in 2020 and 2050 under the mid-range
scenario in the province of Pampanga are presented below.
The projected seasonal temperature increase, seasonal rainfall change and frequency of
extreme events in 2020 and 2050 under the medium-range emission scenario in the province
of Pampanga are presented below. The projections are added to the observed values.
The projected values in 2020 for Pampanga are: a. DJF (December-January-February) mean
temperature = 26.0 °C + 1.0°C = 27°C b. DJF rainfall = [120.8mm+120.8(16.3%) mm] =
(120.8+16.7) mm=140.5mm c. Number of days with Tmax>35°C in Pampanga during the
2006-2035 period (centered at 2020) =1,855
d. Number of dry days in Pampanga during the 2006-2035 period (centered at 2020) = 5,701;
e. Number of days with rainfall >200mm in Pampanga during the 2006-2035 period (centered
at 2020) = 12
GENERAL LAND USE
BUILT-UP AREAS
The existing built-up area of San Simon is approximately 918.5338 hectares or 16.01% of the
total land area which is composed of residential, commercial, industrial and institutional areas.
.

AGRICULTURAL
The existing agricultural production land in the municipality is around 4,582.6532 hectares or
79.89% of the total land area.
SPECIAL LAND USE - CEMETERIES
The municipal cemeteries located in barangay San Juan and San Isidro covers an area of
7.4460 hectares or equivalent to 0.13% of the total land area.
OTHER USES
Roads
San Simon has a total road length of approximately 119.7485 kilometers, which is classified
into four (4) categories namely: national, provincial, municipal and barangay roads. At
present, the San Simon Road Network is considerably sufficient although it necessitates
improvement to facilitate the movement of goods and services from large commercial centers.
Also, there is a certain portion of road in Barangay Dela Paz that is still under protest
(geographical jurisdiction) which has an estimated length of 1.587 kilometers. The table below
shows the inventory of road system in the Municipality per Barangay including its road name,
total length, total width, road classification and road surface types. Physical conditions of the
existing roads are also identified.

FIGURE 15: ROADS SURFACE TYPES AND CONDITIONS

FIGURE 16: MAP SHOWING ROADS

Bridges
The topography of San Simon is surrounded by rivers, creeks and irrigation canals. Bridges
are used to link up the road networks over bodies of water. At present, there are at least 7
bridges excluding steel footbridges spread out in different barangays of San Simon. Majority
of these bridges are reinforced concrete and steel. The table below shows the list of bridges,
location, length and width that are present in the municipality
TABLE 15: INVENTORY OF BRIDGES BY LOCATION, LENGTH &

WIDTH

FIGURE 17: MAP SHOWING BRIDGES

Access
Luzon Urban Beltway (LUB)
The Luzon Urban Beltway (LUB) is envisioned as a seamless, investment haven that will
attract more businesses to the area. This development links South Luzon as far as Batangas to
Northern Luzon through the Star Tollways system-South Luzon Expressway-SLEX-C5-
NLEX in an unbroken expressway route.
North Luzon Expressway (NLEX)
The North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) is a modern toll expressway to replace the rundown
North Luzon diversion road and to facilitate the development of the Subic and Clark Special
Economic Zones. From the National Capital Region, the NLEX serves as the main gateway
to Central and North Luzon. The southern end is located at Balintawak Cloverleaf Interchange
in Quezon City, starting from the Junction of A. Bonifacio Road and EDSA. The NLEX runs
northward through the agricultural areas of Bulacan and Pampanga towards the large cities of
San Fernando and Angeles City. Close to the NLEX’s northern segment lies the former US
Air Force Base of Clark Field. The NLEX is one of the biggest infrastructure projects
undertaken in the country. Its operation has contributed in the economic growth in over three
regions and 21 provinces, including Pampanga
The proximity and accessibility of San Simon Municipality to NLEX works towards the
benefit of the municipality. In updating the CLUP, San Simon considered the development
potentials that can be harnessed by this connection. At the same time, San Simon intends to
contribute further to the general positive effects brought by NLEX to the municipality,
province, and other impact areas.

3. SECTORAL DATA
GENERAL PUBLIC SERVICES
Protective Services
Law enforcement in San Simon is safeguarded chiefly by the Philippine National Police (PNP)
through the San Simon Municipal Police. There are 32 personnel in the San Simon Municipal
Police Station as of December 2013, with a police-to-population ratio of 1:1,593. This falls
below the national standard of 1:500, police to residents. Table 16 lists the police personnel
in the San Simon Municipal Police Station.
TABLE 16: SAN SIMON MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION PERSONNEL, 2013
For 2013, the San Simon PNP conducted a total of one hundred forty three (143)
community / barangay visitations and school-oriented visitations / dialogues
(Information Drive Campaign) and Dalaw ni HEPE to promote crime prevention and
drug awareness program within the municipality, as shown in Table 17.

TABLE 17: SAN SIMON PUBLIC INFORMATION AND ADVOCACY, 2013
Presently the San Simon PNP has two (2) police cars, one provided by the LGU and one
provided by the province. They also utilize one (1) Base Radio, two (2) Handheld radios, six
(6) computers with printers, one (1) Laptop computer and Internet connection for faster
communication, delivery of reports and research.
A police outpost was strategically established at the Quezon Road. The outpost serves as an
AntiHijacking Control Point wherein issuance of Pass cards is conducted from 10:00PM –
4:00AM. Barangay Peacekeeping Action Teams (BPATS) were mobilized in 2013 to serve as
force multipliers as auxiliary in community policing and law enforcement in the different
barangays.
Crime Volume
The 2013 crime volume accounted for 43 crime incidents in the municipality of San Simon.
There is a decrease by 5 incidents compared to the 2012 data of the San Simon Municipal
Police
Station, which registered 48 incidents. Of the total crime volume, 21 are classified as Index
Crimes. Comparatively, this is lower by 12 cases compared to the 2012 report, which had 33
cases. The remaining 22 incidents of the total cases are classified as non-index crimes, which

is higher by 7 cases compared to 2012, which recorded only 15 incidents. The summary of
crimes is in Table 18.
TABLE 18: SAN SIMON MUNICIPAL POLICE STATION RECAP OF STATISTICS,

2013

Fire Protection Services
As of January 2013, the San Simon Fire Station through the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP)
is manned by eight firefighters. Actual ratio of firefighters to the total population is 1:6045,
which is way below the national standards of 1:2000 firefighter-to-population ratio. Table 38
lists down the protective gear, tools, and equipment in the San Simon Fire Station and their
condition.
TABLE 19: FIRE FIGHTER’S PROTECTIVE GEAR, TOOLS, AND EQUIPMENT,

2013

In 2013, San Simon Fire Station recorded 27 fire incidences as listed in Table 20.

The San Simon Fire Station promotes Fire Prevention Activities through the following
programs:
 Ugnayan sa Barangay
 Junior / Kiddie Fire Marshal
 Pre-Fire Planning
 Flushing / Sanitation
 House-to-house
 Fire Drill
 Seminar
 Earthquake Drill
Water Supply
Domestic water supply is provided mainly by the San Simon Waterworks System, which is
the only water supplier in the municipality located at Barangay San Miguel. There are two (2)
main water sub-stations in the municipality which are located at Barangays San Juan and
Concepcion. At present, the most common sources of water in the municipality are the deep
well, shallow well, dug well and community water system. The municipality also provided
elevated artesian wells to some areas, prioritizing the flood prone barangays to be the recipient
of the artesian wells. The table below shows the waterworks system sources through shallow
well, deep well and improved spring that are present in the municipality.

TABLE 21: INVENTORY OF WATER SYSTEM SOURCES (SHALLOW WELL,

DEEPWELL & IMPROVED SPRING) PER BARANGAY.

FIGURE 18: MAP SHOWING WATER SUPPLY LOCATIONS (SAN SIMON

WATER WORKS)

Electric Power Supply
The Pampanga Electric Cooperative Inc. III (PELCO III) and the Manila Electric Company
(MERALCO) serve the electric needs of the municipality. Barangay Concepcion is serviced
by MERALCO while the remaining thirteen (13) barangays of the municipality are under
PELCO III.
Communication Facilities
For telecommunications, the town is served by Digitel, PLDT, PILTEL, DATELCOM, Smart,
Sun Cellular and Globe. Another wireless internet service provider is COMCLARK Sure
Stream.
SOCIAL SERVICES
Education
Education Facilities
The District of San Simon, under the Department of Education (DepEd), is administered by a
district supervisor, who serves primarily to address underlying concerns and problems of the
different schools in the municipality. As of SY 2013, the San Simon District has 19 Public
Schools all over the municipality, of which there are 14 elementary schools (ES) and five high
schools. In addition, there are four established private schools providing primary, elementary,
and secondary education. Table 22 catalogs the public schools, while Table 25 lists down the
private schools in the municipality.

TABLE 22: EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (PUBLIC SCHOOLS) IN SAN SIMON,

2013
TABLE 23: EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS (PRIVATE SCHOOLS) IN SAN SIMON,

2013

TABLE 24: EDUCATION FACILITIES IN SAN SIMON, SY 2013-2014
Health
Life Expectancy
The life expectancy in the municipality of San Simon is 72 years old for females and 65 years
old for males (Source: Municipality of San Simon: Office of the Rural Health Physician,
2013).

Health Facilities and Services
Presently, the municipality of San Simon, Pampanga has only one (1) Rural Health Center
located in Barangay San Jose Poblacion and one (1) private hospital, the Pampanga
Orthopedic and Maternity Hospital.
The Municipal Health Office currently has 114 medical health workers led by one (1)
Municipal Doctor. Table 17 summarizes the composition of medical health workers for the
entire municipality.
TABLE 25: NUMBER OF MEDICAL HEALTH WORKERS, 2013

TABLE 26: BIRTHING AND DENTAL CLINICS IN SAN SIMON, 2013
Table 27 shows the list of Barangay Health Stations (BHS) in the municipality of San Simon
and the condition of the facility. In addition, the table also shows the number of Barangay
Health Workers (BHWs), midwives, and nurses under the Nurse Deployment Project (NDP)
in San Simon.
TABLE 27: BARANGAY HEALTH STATIONS (BHSS), BARANGAY HEALTH

WORKERS (BHWS), AND NURSE DEPLOYMENT PROJECT (NDP), 2013

FIGURE 19: BARANGAY HEALTH STATIONS LOCATIONS

Mortality and Morbidity
The 2013 record on morbidity for all ages (Table 20) shows the following as the top five (5)
causes: URTIs, Skin diseases, Pneumonia, Diarrhea and Animal Bite. Meanwhile, mortality
report for 2013 (Table 21) identifies the following as the leading causes of death: Coronary
Artery Disease, Severe Dehydration, Cancer (all forms), DM Type 2, and Status Asthmaticus.
TABLE 28: LEADING CAUSES OF MORBIDITY, FOR ALL AGES, 2013
TABLE 29: LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY, FOR ALL AGES, 2013

Nutrition
There is a total of 14 Day Care Centers in the municipality, one for each barangay, serving a
total of 792 children ages three to five years old. The Supplemental Feeding Program in the
Day Care Centers aims to address the nutritional status of the students. The parents of the
children are tasked to prepare low cost nutritious meals using locally available ingredients.
The feeding is conducted from Monday to Friday. Aside from providing the supplemental
meals, the program also targets to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents
and caregivers through intensified nutrition and health education. To assess and manage the
health and nutrition-related problems, regular monitoring of nutritional status and growth of
all beneficiaries are conducted.
Family Planning Services
Family planning services are also provided by the municipality thru its RHU. Provisions for
family planning mechanisms are ensured to aid in the national government’s thrust for better
reproductive health for all Filipinos. Table 30 reports the latest information about the family
planning services provided by the RHU.
TABLE 30: FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES, SAN SIMON 2012

Housing and Sanitation
Utilities in the barangay to support housing include water provision through the San Simon
Waterworks. They are responsible for the provision of potable water supply to the
municipality. It is noted that all barangays are being served by the water supply system.
Toilet facility varies. There are water-sealed toilets exclusively used by the households,
water-sealed toilets shared with other households, closed pit, open pit, pail system and a small
number (about 6.6 %) have no toilets at all. There are also instances where the households
have separate toilets but share a common depository with a neighbor.
TABLE 31: WATER AND SANITATION INDICATORS BY BARANGAY,

2013

Social Welfare
The Local Government of San Simon through the Municipal Social Welfare and Development
Office (MSWDO) ensures the delivery of social services to its constituents, most especially
for the disadvantaged families and individuals in the municipality. The ultimate goal of the
department is to provide care, protection, and rehabilitation of the needy families, individual
and groups who need social work intervention and social welfare assistance to restore their
normal functioning. The MSWDO also provides effective and efficient public service to the
municipalities
Vulnerable and marginalized sectors. These groups have varying social needs that the
MSWDO aims to address thru its various programs such as Family Welfare, Women Welfare,
Child and Youth Welfare, Community Welfare, Programs for the Elderly and those with
Disabilities, and Emergency Assistance Programs.
The Municipal Social Welfare Office is manned by the Municipal Social Welfare and
Development Officer, one Social Welfare Assistant, one Welfare Aid and two Casuals (as of
2013). The duties and functions of the MSWDO are primarily to execute and implement
policies, programs, and render administrative decision on matters within the limit of delegated
authority. The duties and functions of the administrative staff, Welfare Assistant, and Welfare
Aid are to (i) assist the socio economic survey and in preparing community profile, (ii)
entertain and interview clients needing assistance, (iii) assist in the preparation of social case
study report and other paper works, (iv) assist in distribution of relief goods during disaster.
Table 32 is a summary of the programs and activities the MSWDO has undertaken/conducted
for the year 2013 and the scope/number of clientele served.

TABLE 32: SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAMS AND CLIENTELE SERVED
FOR SAN SIMON, 2013

ECONOMIC SERVICES
Apart from the status of labor and employment, it is also imperative to take note of the status
and performance of the local economic sector.
Agriculture
A total land area of 4,582.6532 hectares comprises the agricultural land of San Simon making
it the most dominant land use within the municipality. Majority of the agricultural land or
3088 has. is planted with rice with a production of 14,000MT per season. Moreover, 15 has.
of the agricultural land is planted with vegetables with 150MT production and 361 has. is
planted with mangoes with 2,160MT production.
As of 2013, there are 2 livestock and poultry farms in the municipality that include production
of cattle, carabao, swine/hog, layers, broilers, and ducks. The Pampanga River, Bambang
Creek, Pantaga Creek, Mainata Creek, Pandapug Creek, Pakati Creek, Panquiary Creek, and
Lalam Bangkal Creek serve as fishing grounds in the area. The existing fishponds in the
municipality which only raise Tilapia are sporadically located in different barangays such as
Brgy. San Jose, San Juan, San Pedro, San Miguel, San Pablo Libutad and Propio, Dela Paz,
and Sta. Monica with different operators and owners. As of 2013, there are 188 fishpond
operators.
As of 2013, in terms of agricultural support facilities and services in San Simon, there are 17
multipurpose drying pavements, 10 farm to market roads, 4 warehouses, 13 rice mills, 38
threshers, 39 reapers, 7 combine harvesters, 9 4-wheel tractors, and 8 agricultural supply
support facilities. The 2 irrigation facilities are composed of NIA and STW (85 open surface
pumps).
The major agricultural occupation consists of 1,314 farmers, 188 fishpond operators, 50
vegetable farmers, 449 mango growers, and 1,000 livestock farmers while the minor
agricultural occupation consists of 1 cut flower grower, and fish, vegetable, and mango
vendors.

Among the services offered at the Office of the Municipal Agricultural Office are seeds
distribution, technical briefing, massive rat control operation, pest and diseases monitoring,
information dissemination in organic agriculture, artificial insemination, anti-rabies
vaccination, treatment of different animal diseases, deworming, castrating animals,
hemorrhagic septicemia and PRRS vaccination. The office also offers livelihood programs
that include swine dispersal program, buffalo dispersal program, goat dispersal program,
handicraft making, and cooking demo.
Commerce and Trade
Commercial areas in San Simon are located at San Agustin (along McArthur Hi-way), Sta.
Monica (CDCP), and San Jose (Plaza) occupying approximately 8.17 has, 2.65 has, and 1.55
has, respectively (Figure 17, Table 43, and Table 44). Commercial activities in San Simon are
geared to service the local needs.
The trend in number of business permits applications per type of activity as shown in Table
45, Table 46 and Table 47 is decreasing, from a total of 335 in 2011, 259 in 2012, and 246 in
2013. As of 2013, available data recorded a total of 246 business establishment/business
permit applications located in different barangays (Table 45). On the same year, Services
(water refilling stations, cooperatives, contractors/developers, motor/auto services, delivery
services, catering/eatery, computer services, etc.) has 111 business permit
application/commercial establishments which make it the highest from the 4 types of
Economic Activities (Manufacturing, Merchandising/Trading, Services, and Others) in terms
of number of business application/commercial establishment.
San Simon has 10 registered cooperatives namely: 1. ANF- Turno No. 68 Consumers
Cooperative 2. San Simon Swine Raisers Multi- Purpose Cooperative 3. Guardian Association
4. The United Citizens of San Simon Association Incorporated 5. Aguman Kababaihan ng San
Simon Incorporated 6. Simonians Prime Movers Club Incorporated 7. San Simon Multi-
Purpose Cooperative 8. Concepcion Agrarian Reform Beneficiaries Marketing Cooperatives

9. Abe- Abe Memary ning Pulung Camias Association Incorporated 10. San Simon,
Pampanga Chamber of Commerce and Industry Incorporated
It is recommended that the LGU make an index of the cooperatives and include what they do,
number or participants, programs implemented and other basic data that will help monitor
these cooperatives. The index will also help in coordination tie- ups with the LGU, TESDA,
DTI and other government agencies in skill building and offering of possible initiatives.
TABLE 33: HISTORICAL DATA ON COMMERCIAL AREAS, 2012-2013
Industry
The development of San Simon’s Agro-Industrial Sector was hastened through their CLUP.
An Industrial Zone was declared for potential investors who might wish to locate their
manufacturing plants in the municipality. Presently, the municipality is now a beehive of
economic activity spurred by the infusion of private investment.
From the latest Land Use of San Simon, 456.6741 has. or 7.96% of the total land area were
considered industrial use however, as of now only approximately 32.24 has. are occupied by
industrial establishments. The number of existing industrial establishments in the municipality
increased from 18 in 2011 to 22 for the years 2012-2013, 6 of which are involved in steel
manufacturing that are classified as highly pollutive/highly hazardous as shown in Table 50-
52. Aside from steel manufacturing, other industries in San Simon include ceramic tiles,
battery plant, pot industry, concrete products manufacturing, lead manufacturing, oil
manufacturing, ice plant, garment factory, soya manufacturing, and meat manufacturing. As
shown in Table 48, the biggest existing industrial establishment in terms of land area and gross
income in San Simon is SKK Steel Corporation occupying 9.6648 has of land in Brgy. Sta.
Monica and generating Php 639,043,855.22 gross income which is considered as a major
player in the iron and steel industry of the Philippines. As presented in Table 48, as of 2013,
most of the industrial establishments or 12 of which are located at Brgy. San Isidro (16.35
has), 6 are located at San Pablo (2 has), while the remaining establishments are located at Sto.
Niño (1.90 has), San Agustin (1.93 has), and Sta. Monica (9.66 has). The industries give
employment to 1119 residents, as detailed in the table below.
Tourism
As of 2013, there are 5 accommodation facilities in San Simon that caters to local and national
markets, 3 of which are located in Brgy. Sta. Monica and the other 2 in Brgy. San Agustin and
Sta. Cruz, namely, Little Port Resort, Villa Teresa Resort and Function Hall, Donaville Resort,
Princess Leah Resort, Hotel and Restaurant, and UK Resort and Leisure Park, respectively.
For the year 2013, Little Port Resort had 1,395 local guests and 76 foreign guests, Princess
Leah Resort, Hotel and Restaurant had 1,210 and 105, respectively, UK Resort and Leisure
Park had 830 and 0, respectively, while the other 2 do not have records of their guests. There
are also ten eating facilities listed for the year 2013 in San Simon that cater to local and
national markets as well.
Likewise, there are 3 festivities that occur yearly in the municipality, specifically, Sun Sea
Moon Festival (every November 15), Fluvial Parade of St. Peter the Apostle, and Sto. Niño
Festival (every January 25).

TABLE 34: INVENTORY OF COMMERCIAL AREAS, 2013
FIGURE 17: MAP OF COMMERCIAL AREAS, 2013

TABLE 35: NUMBER OF BUSINESS APPLICATIONS PER NATURE OF

BUSINESS, AND ASSESSMENT PER NATURE OF BUSINESS AND PER
STATUS, 2011-2013

TABLE 36: NUMBER OF BUSINESS PERMITS BY TYPE OF ACTIVITY,
2011-2013
TABLE 37: INVENTORY OF COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENT BY

ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES, 2011-2013

Integrated Economic Sector Analysis
Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry Activity (39.75%, 38.90%, respectively) provides the
highest employment in San Simon followed by manufacturing (27.48%, 26.47%,
respectively). Moreover, total employment generated by the different economic activities
increased in number from 4,327 in 2012 to 4,568 in 2013. The number of employment
generated by Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry, and Manufacturing increased in 2013 but the
percentage share of employment decreased in 2013. Among the different economic activities,
the change in number of employment and percentage share in employment for Other
Community, Social and Personal Economic Activity shows the biggest increase in 2013.
ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR
Conserving and protecting the municipality’s life support system serves as platform for its
economy to flourish, which will lead to attaining sustainable development. Proper
management of the environment will ensure a safe and healthy environment for the
residents, and provide them the livelihood base to improve their socioeconomic welfare.
2.1.2 TABLES AND GRAPHS

Location of Pampanga

THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN
2. VISION, MISSION, GOALS AND STRATEGIES
2.1.1MUNICIPAL VISION AND THE SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT

FRAMEWORK OF SAN SIMON
This Chapter sets the framework and character of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan by
stating the long term desire and aspirations of the people of San Simon. It presents the ideal
state of the municipality through empowered decision-making and cooperation.
Vision Statement
The Vision Statement of San Simon indicates what its people hope and aspire the
Municipality to be in the next ten years and beyond. It serves as the guiding framework for
all the major plans, program and policies. The Vision Statement of San Simon reads as
follows:
“We envision San Simon as an Agricultural, Commercial, and Industrial hub of the ‘W’
growth corridor in the region propelled by an empowered, healthy, educated, competitive,
self-reliant, and God-loving people.”
Vision Elements, Descriptors and Success Indicators
The vision statement illustrates the desired qualities of the municipality in terms of 2 elements,
namely:
1) Agricultural, Commercial and Industrial Hub in the region;
2) propelled by an empowered, healthy, educated, competitive, self-reliant and God-loving

people.
Vision Elements, Descriptors and Success Indicators
To achieve this vision the plan will depend on two vital development strategies:
* An urban development based on selective specific policy zones focusing on:
a. Preservative activities
b. Development activities that adhere to the principle of equitable distribution of growth in

the municipality
* A spatial development based on expansion-orientation that is agropolitan in nature

(meaning, it aspires to the delocalization of primary production).
Spatial Development Framework
The policy objectives of the development framework preparation also include the following:
 Even up development concentration

 Initiate development in underdeveloped areas as counter magnets
 Arrest further urban decay and deterioration in the center
 Promote environmentally-conscious urban development
 Integrate appropriate infrastructure facilities, community amenities, and basic
services into the projected development pattern


3. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS AND POTENTIAL

3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL SECTOR
CONSTRAINTS
A. Natural Hazards (Flooding and Related Hazards)
B. Lack of Environmental Governance and Policies
C. Lacks Waste Management System
D. Lack Management on the Environmental Quality and Monitoring
* Poor Air Quality
* High Pollution of Pampanga River
* No Monitoring of Extraction and Water Quality of the Groundwater
POTENTIALS
A. Presence of industries
B. Predominantly Agricultural area
C. Available Water Source
D. Partnership or Cooperation with the Government Agencies for the
Implementation of Programs on the Environment
INSTITUTIONAL SECTOR
CONSTRAINTS
A. Insufficiency in baseline data

B. Inadequacy of capable technical and managerial personnel
C. LGU not yet fully self-reliant
D. Legislation focused on Resolutions and Appropriations
E. Inadequacy of Primary Legislations that support holistic development
POTENTIALS
A. Government Administration
B. Sound Fiscal Management C. Partnerships D. Increase in Self-Reliance

3.3 SOCIAL SECTOR
CONSTRAINTS
A. Inadequate number of medical health workers
B. Need to construct and rehabilitate barangay health stations and procure facilities /
equipment.
C. Housing support services for informal settlements and households established in identified
danger zones.
D. Social welfare services for identified vulnerable sectors.
E. Inadequate protective services personnel per population F. Inadequate recreation facilities
POTENTIALS
A. Regular conduct of feeding program to address malnutrition in the municipality
B. Alternative Learning Systems and Informal Education
C. Social Welfare Services for Senior Citizens
D. Decreasing crime and fire incidents in the municipality
E. Existing sports and recreation facilities
3.4 PHYSICAL & INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
CONSTRAINTS
A. Unpaved roads, congested urban barangays and traffic
B. Poor Water Distribution System

POTENTIALS
A. Well Maintained Roads
B. Irrigation and Flood Control
C. Well Established Bridges
D. Modernization of Telecommunication
E. Maximized Power Distribution
3.5 ECONOMIC SECTOR
CONSTRAINTS
A. Tighter monitoring for industrial establishments
B. Poor record keeping on food sufficiency
C. Insufficient data on fishing and aquaculture
D. Unemployment rate
E. Decrease in application of business permits
POTENTIALS
A. Vast Agricultural lands
B. Growth in the industrial sectors
C. Agricultural support facilities and services
D. Increasing number of OFWs

3.2 Generation and Evaluation of Alternative Spatial Strategies
This section shows the considered alternative spatial strategies and the urban form suitable for
the municipality of San Simon, in view of closing the gap between the desired status as
envisioned in Chapter 2 and the development constraints pointed out in Chapter 3. In the
development of municipal urban form, there are three spatial strategies generated based on the
existing development pattern of San Simon. These are the:
1) “Do Nothing Scenario”,
2) “Linear Development Scenario”
3) and the “Multi-Nodal Development Scenario”.
3.2.1 The “Do-Nothing” Scenario:

Under this arrangement, urban growth with its current trends in the various sectoral activities
will continue to expand freely in all directions emanating from the existing central business
district (CBD) without any method or approach for the development of the Municipality. This
urban form clearly shows a development where the population is not restricted to any form of
development within the area including the possibilities of building in restricted zones such as
environmentally critical areas.
Due to the fact that the expansion and direction of the development will not be altered in any
way, the other barangays away from the CBD will remain underdeveloped. Congestion in the
center will definitely occur in the future due to migrants not only from the different barangays
but also migrants from outside the municipality going to the one and only CBD in the area.
As the population increases, the local government may not be able to support the greater
population in the area in terms of food, shelter, and other services. As unplanned
development continues with this scenario, chaotic networks of roads will ensue. Sprawl will
occur without the consideration of the different hazards and environmentally critical and
protected areas such as flood prone areas that may lead to destruction or loss of life.

3.2.2 The Linear Development Scenario
The Linear Development Scenario: General Description
In this type of spatial strategy, the growth trend is planned along the main corridors such as
major roads and river systems. No new transport linkages will be made.
As the development will only be in a linear direction spreading along the major roads namely:
North Luzon Expressway (NLEX), Mc Arthur Highway, San Simon Magsaysay National
Road and Quezon Road, urban sprawl will most likely occur in the area along these main
roads. The roads adjoining the existing CBD can easily be sites of heavy traffic. Development
will only be supporting the barangays situated along these major roads, leaving the other
barangays underdeveloped.

3.2.3 The Multi-Nodal Development Scenario
The Multi-Nodal Development Scenario: General Description
The multi-nodal urban form is used direct the development away from the main urban core by
introducing other potential satellite CBDs or development centers. Under this spatial form,
the municipality will develop different growth nodes, which will also be classified by
hierarchy.
With the application of this spatial strategy, equal distribution of services will most likely be
met since the proposed development provides three alternative development centers
supporting processing and light-medium industrial development, which strategically support

and serve all the barangays in the municipality. The strategy promotes a more organized
distribution of goods and services.
From the defined location of the three growth nodes, the road patterns relative to their linkages
will connect each development center to the existing urban core. In this situation,
transportation will be more efficient, which will mitigate traffic congestion and provide a more
adapted and adequate form of linkage in the delivery of goods from the satellite centers to the
CBD.
This planning strategy supports the concept of decentralization, which equalizes the
distribution of the population as well as the benefits of development.
3.3Selection and Advantages of the Preferred Spatial Strategy
The table below shows the advantages and disadvantages of each spatial strategy. The first
three strategies were presented last July 30, 2014 to the municipal officers and
representatives of different sectors, from which the Multi-Nodal Development option
emerged as the best suitable option to achieve the proposed and preferred urban form.

3.4 THE PREFERRED SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
This chapter discusses the spatial strategy chosen for the Municipality of San Simon. Given
its benefits, the spatial strategy most advantageous to the municipality is the Multi-Nodal
Development Model. This form is believed to achieve the goals and vision of the municipality
in the most beneficial and suitable approach, and is seen to enhance the capabilities of the
barangays based on the present data on the five sectors and the analyses made on them.
The Multi-Nodal development strategy is believed to achieve the municipality’s goal of being
a balanced growth center and promoting a sustainable environment. The preferred
development strategy aims to support the growth of San Simon’s potential areas.
3.4.1 Nodes of Development
There are five (5) development areas identified in the said development strategy. The Central
Business District, located at the center of the municipality and near the Magsaysay national
road, is surrounded by different nodes that are strategically situated so that production,
processing, transportation and accessibility of the town’s goods and services will be
distributed and so that other barangays will have the chance to be developed. A road network
designed to achieve the desired development of San Simon then connects these nodes.

3.4.2 Central Business District – Government Center
Located near the San Simon/Magsaysay National Road, the Central Business District is the
municipality’s most developed area. With most of the businesses and services located in the
area, there is a foreseen further expansion of development the area. Aside from the new
location of the Municipal Government, primary institutional and business establishments and
services are located in the CBD.
The four (4) barangays that comprise the CBD are the following: San Jose, Sto Niño, San Juan
and San Pedro.

3.4.2-A Sustainable Industrial Center
There are three (3) industrial growth hub barangays identified in San Simon. Each of these
three hubs has its own area specialization in services provision and commodity production.
The development and expansion of the town is distributed so that all of the residents of the
municipality will have access to basic services, economic opportunities, and physical
resources. The development of San Simon’s Sustainable Industrial Center is facilitated
through the CLUP and Zoning Ordinance. An Industrial Zone was identified for potential
investors who might want to locate their manufacturing plants in the municipality. Presently,
the municipality is now a beehive of economic activity spurred by the infusion of private
investment. There are already 22 existing industrial establishments in the municipality. The
industrial establishments are scattered in different barangays, 12 of which are located in
Barangay San Isidro, six are located in Barangay San Pablo, while the remaining
establishments are located in Barangay Sto. Niño, Barangay San Agustin, and Barangay Sta.
Monica.

The Sustainable Industrial Growth Center is located in the following barangays: San Isidro,
Sta. Monica, San Pablo Propio and Dela Paz. This industrial node is envisioned to be a center
of sustainable industrial activities producing world-class products and abiding by
environmental protection and pollution control standards. Industrial firms in this node are also
expected to comply with established standards in occupational safety and health.
3.4.2- B Agri – Processing Center
This growth center is located in Barangay Concepcion, San Miguel, San Nicolas and Sta.
Cruz. Evidently, San Simon’s dominant economic base is generally attributed to
agriculture production aside from industrial activities. The green colored zones in the
following figure are the Agriculture and AgriProcessing Zones. These zones are the areas
where raw components are produced.
These are also areas where crops are planted and harvested, and where livestock (dry and
aquaculture) is raised. Except in the very core barangays of the municipality, agricultural
production is present. This growth center is also the proposed location of post- harvest
facilities and municipal government agencies related to agriculture.
3.4.2 – C Riverside Park Development/Open Space Zones
A riverside park and open space will be developed along Pampanga River. Native plants and
trees will be planted on both sides of the river and open spaces and a fresh background to the
area will be developed. This is will also help in preventing soil erosion as these native plants
and trees provide ground stability. Open spaces will be developed into parks for the public to
use. Aside from its main purpose of averting future flooding in the areas along the river side,
the zone will be generally used for relaxation, a family bonding area and an environmental
friendly zone for the public to use. Open spaces will be developed into parks for public use,
open amphi-theater and a monument plaza. This will enhance the overall image and
landscaping of the municipality. Parks also emphasize ecological restoration and protection
and provide a place for social interaction. The parks can then also serve as a relaxation area

for residents and visitors who want to get away from the busy and fast urban life, or an
opportunity to just get a change of scenery.
The areas for riverside park development are located in the following barangays: San Pedro,
San Juan, San Jose, San Nicolas, Sta. Cruz and San Miguel.
3.4.3 – D Commercial Hub
Commercial areas in San Simon are located in San Agustin (along Mc Arthur Highway), Sta.
Monica (CDCP), and San Jose (Plaza) which comprises a total area of 12.37 hectares or an
equivalent of 0.22% of the municipality’s total land area.
The commercial area in San Agustin occupies approximately 8.17 hectares, while Sta. Monica
is planned to develop approximately 2.65 hectares of commercial land. San Jose will have
approximately 1.55 hectares of commercial area. The proposed location of this growth center

is in Barangay San Agustin, which has the presence of major commercial establishments,
especially along MacArthur Highway.
4. THE COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN AND LAND USE

POLICY FRAMEWORK
4.1 Land Supply and Demand Analysis

A. Projection of future land demand and supply
To assess whether there is enough supply of land for the future activities of the projected
population of San Simon in 2024, land accounting was undertaken.

General Land Use
Built – up Areas
Built-up areas in the Municipality of San Simon have a land area of 918.5338 hectares or
16.01% of the total land area of the municipality. These are further subdivided into Residential
areas with 358.1287 hectares (or 6.24%), Commercial 12.3700 (or 0.22%), Industrial
456.6741 hectares (or 7.96%) and Institutional with 91.3610 hectares (or 1.59%).
The general form of built-up areas follows the traditional ribbon type of development where
residential areas, commercial establishments and other urban activities are mostly established
along major roads, intersections and bodies of water like rivers and creeks. This is evident in
the following barangays: San Agustin, San Jose, San Juan and San Miguel.

Commercial activities in the municipality have been geared to service local needs. At present,
there are estimated 699 total number of business establishments in terms of economic activity
located in the different barangays. Sari–sari stores contribute to the predominant form of
enterprise, which is followed by merchandising and trading. Other commercial establishments
include bakeshop, cafeteria and canteen, poultry supply, hospital/clinics, drug store, beauty
parlor, funeral parlor, construction supply and auto supply.
In terms of residential activities, settlements are located parallel to road networks, rivers and
creeks. There are at least six (6) barangays located along the Pampanga River with residents
living along its banks, namely San Pedro, San Juan, San Jose, San Nicolas, Sta. Cruz, and San
Miguel. There are also residents living close to the industrial zones (behind Quezon Road).
The said locations are risky and hazardous to life and property of the residents of the said
areas. There is also the presence of informal settlers throughout the municipality, specifically
in barangays San Pedro, Concepcion and San Miguel.
Industrial activities, on the other hand, play a vital role in the development and progress of
San Simon. As of 2013, the municipality of San Simon registered a total number of 22 mixed
industrial activities. These consist of major or big industries such as steel mills, smelting
plants, ceramic tiles, battery plant, pot industry and other activities. Others are considered as
small and / or medium scale industries such as the concrete products manufacturing,
vulcanizing and junkshop, garments factory and gasoline stations. These industrial activities
are concentrated in barangays San Isidro, San Pablo Propio, San Pablo Libutad, Sta. Monica,
Sto. Niño and San Agustin. The greater bulk of industries are located along the stretch of
Quezon Road. There are also other industries in other barangays comprising mostly of
agroindustrial activities like poultry and piggery
The present location of the Municipal Town Hall, the center of institutional activities within
the municipality, is in barangay San Agustin. Some other institutional uses such as educational
institutions, health centers, religious institutions and government agencies are located in
different areas of the municipality.

Agricultural Areas
Agricultural areas comprise a total land area of 4,582.6532 (79.89%) which makes it the most
dominant land use within the municipality, When it comes to agricultural tilling, the most
notable areas for agricultural activities are barangays located to the east of Pampanga River
namely Concepcion, Sta. Cruz, San Nicolas and San Miguel. There are also sizable
agricultural lands in Barangays San Pedro, San Jose, Sto. Niño, Dela Paz, San Pablo Propio,
San Pablo Libutad and San Isidro. However, this latter group of Barangays is experiencing a
marginal change in use to unproductive area because of 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption and due
to rapid urbanization. Presently, most of these places are teemed with grasses and similar
vegetation.
Special Land Use (Cemetery)
There are three (3) existing cemeteries within the municipality, these are: Municipal Cemetery
located at San Jose, and the two private cemeteries namely: Roman Cemetery located at San
Juan and Gate of Heaven Memorial Chapel and Crematorium Inc. (Loyola Memorial
Cemetery) which is located at Barangay San Isidro. These cemeteries have an approximate
total area of 7.4460 hectares or equivalent to 0.13% of the total land area.
Other Uses
The remaining areas of the total land area of the Municipality are allocated to river, creeks,
parks and playgrounds, open spaces, road networks and utilities with a total land area of
227.3670 (3.96%). Table 9 shows the existing general land use distribution of the
municipality.

Urban Land Use
The Municipality of San Simon has fourteen (14) barangays, four (4) are considered urban,
namely San Juan Poblacion, San Jose, San Pedro and Sto. Niño. These four barangays have a
total land area of 1,211.2128 hectares or an equivalent of 21.12% of the total land area of the
Municipality. Still, the most dominant use in the area is agricultural. But there is an evident
case that these barangays continue their rapid growth and progress. Barangay San Pedro and
San Jose are considered the most populated barangays in the Municipality according to
National Census. Presently, there are a lot of settlements within the barangays mostly built
near along Pampanga River and near roads. The existing public market is located in Barangay
San Jose. Also, there is a plan to build a new Government center in three (3) hectares vacant
lot in Barangay Sto. Niño and this would be considered the new institutional center in the
Municipality.

PROPOSED MAPS

4.2 POLICIES ON SETTLEMENT AREAS
San Simon’s settlement areas are made up of subdivisions and self-built houses.
4.2.1 For Subdivisions
Subdivisions will be have to abide by established development guidelines indicating

requirements on a number aspects such as right-of-ways, setbacks, lot sizes, utilities, and open
spaces, among others. Some of the provisions that have to be enforced and implemented are
the Presidential Decree 957 and Batas Pambansa 220.

4.2.2 For Self-built houses
Policy action will focus on the strict implementation of the National Building Code and the
municipality’s Zoning Ordinance, which will give provisions on the guidelines concerning
firewalls, setbacks, open space, building height limits, etc.
4.3 POLICIES ON PRODUCTION AREAS
Production areas are geared specifically for the provision of food for the municipality, cash
crops for exportation, and development of tertiary industries. While the Municipality of San
Simon is turning towards the development of some of its agricultural areas to industrial,
commercial, and mixed land use, areas at the northern and central part of the municipality are
identified as prime agricultural areas. This means that it will be under strict monitoring to
ensure that these areas will be solely be used for intensive cultivation, production and
processing for food self-sufficiency of the municipality. However, it is still necessary to
ensure that the proper management of the other non-protected production areas will be upheld
to prevent uncontrolled land conversion
4.3.1 Poblacion Growth Center
This area comprises the four (4) barangays namely: San Jose, San Juan, Sto. Niño and San
Pedro. This area acts as the municipality’s central business district and center of development
wherein there is an intense concentration of institutional, commercial, and residential
development accompanied with all types of services.
The following are the policy objectives for the Poblacion growth center to ensure its
continuous improvement:
Identification of sites for specific land uses to allow proper growth and clustering of each
zone;
providing an encouraging environment for investment that will be able to persuade

developers to invest and induce expansion and growth in the CBD;

Ensure removal of blight which lessens property values;
Reassess value of properties as a result of urban development which will give way for a
bigger tax base;
Address traffic congestion and provide measures for its prevention;
Public intervention that will influence change in the land use of the CBD may include the
following policy or legislative activities:
Limit land conversion to the identified functions of the CBD and direct other investments
towards the other appropriate development nodes;
Augmentation of open spaces between the zones to enhance aesthetics, improve land
values, as well as provide “breathing areas” for the people
Provide quality municipal services;
Invest in economic development activities which would spur growth and offer additional
employment opportunities;
4.3.2 Development Nodes

4.3.2.1 Sustainable Industrial Zones
As per the preferred spatial strategy, specific industrial areas are identified in the municipality
to initiate further growth and development in the area by specializing in the production of
industrial goods.
The following are the policies/legislative activities and public interventions:
Introduction of technologies which would help in the production of goods;

Provide trainings that would enhance the skills necessary in improving productivity and
quality of output;
Development of support mechanisms and facilities for local empowerment
Observe guidelines on easement and setbacks to prevent obstruction in the future

development of the area;
Ensure development is well-suited to the theme of development of the hub
Provide venues for PPPs with NGOs and private groups;
Tap experts to give perspectives on how to further developments;
4.3.2.2 Agri- Processing Center
The policies involved in agricultural and livestock production zones are mainly concerned on
making the land efficient in terms of production. Providing incentives and introduction of
high-yielding or high-value crops through government programs with accompanying credit
assistance will be considered for residents involved in agri-processing.
Making the agricultural lands productive and establishing post-harvest facilities will be the
focus of legislative actions. This can be achieved by the passing of ordinances and special
levies on idle lands that will encourage agricultural development.
Riverside Park Development/Open Space Zones
The riverside park development will provide both open space integrated with a limited number
of commercial establishments for the public. Legislative actions then should focus on ensuring
that the commercial development will be limited to prevent encroachment along the
waterways. Furthermore, legislative and public interventions should focus also on maintaining
the integrity of the parks and waterways.
Commercial Center/Hub
The development of this commercial center may include the following policy or legislative
activities:
Limit land conversion to the identified functions of the CBD and direct other investments
towards the other appropriate development nodes;
Augmentation of open spaces between the zones to enhance aesthetics, improve land
values, as well as provide “breathing areas” for the people;
Provide quality municipal services;
Invest in economic development activities, which would spur growth and offer additional
employment opportunities.
POLICIES ON INFRASTRUCTURE AREAS
Economic infrastructure
Public Markets
To guarantee quality public service, actions will focus on the proper identification of new
public market sites, or the rehabilitation of the existing site, provided with decent facilities.
The following are identified activities:
Development of master development plans to justify and pursue the development of the
existing public market site.
Conduct of feasibility studies for new public market sites.
Slaughterhouse
This facility will be used for the local market and will be planned in accordance with the
requirements of the National Meat Inspection Commission, related policies of the Department
of Agriculture, and standards set by the National Building Code. The local government shall

ensure that there is an appropriate buffer between the slaughterhouse and the surrounding
populated areas.
Post-harvest facilities
In establishing this facility, public action will be guided by specifies guidelines and standards
in the design of such facility. Potential sites for post-harvest facilities are in Barangay
Concepcion.
Social Infrastructure
Public Schools
The main concerns of the legislative and public actions are the assurance of budget allocation
coming from the Department of Education and LGU and the acquisition of suitable lands to
make sure that the current and projected number of students will be accommodated and
provided with proper facilities. In addition, the standards imposed by the National Building
Code must be met in order to assure the occupants’ safety.
Private Schools
Development of private schools should be in line with the standards of the National Building
Code and be backed up with the necessary campus planning.
Day Care Centers
Ideally, each barangay should have its own day care center. The formulation and
implementation of ordinances are needed to encourage the establishment of these
infrastructure through incentives and other benefits.
Municipal Cemeteries
Guidelines on the establishment and maintenance of municipal cemeteries are created through
the enactment of ordinances and are based on the guidelines of the Housing and Land Use
Regulatory Board on the establishment of new cemeteries or memorial parks.
Administrative Infrastructure
Government Centers
The center of government of the municipality is located in the CBD, specifically in barangay
Sto Niño. Even though it is physically located at the center of the municipality, it is still
advisable that the decentralization of the municipal government should be pursued so that the
services provided by the government will reach even the people at the periphery. This can be
achieved through proper site planning and surveying combined with the formulation of a
master development plan of a civic center, including the development phasing and
programming.
Barangay Halls
Inventory and assessment of the location and quality of the barangay halls must be done.
Designs and standards should be uniform across all barangays and should ensure that each
barangay has public facilities such as health center, day care center, etc.
Ecological Waste and Management Facility
The objective of the municipality is to steer towards the use of Materials Recovery Facilities
for the sustainable management of solid wastes. With this in mind, legislative action should
focus on the establishment and maintenance of said facilities.
Utilities and Transportation Infrastructure
Telecommunication
Proper location and placement of cell sites must be met to ensure safety of the public.
Roads
Public action will focus on giving the appropriate allocation of space for roads according to
the demand of traffic as well as granting of right-of-ways. A hierarchy system of roads

(Arterial-collector-distributor subdivision) should be maintained according to LGU road

design standards.
Drainage System and Sewerage System
A comprehensive study on the drainage and sewerage system should be conducted in order to
obtain baseline data for the municipality. From here, the enforcement of the study
recommendations can be achieved through a local sanitation ordinance.
POLICIES ON AGRICULTURAL AREAS
Prime Agricultural Lands
While the municipality is steering towards the development of some of its agricultural lands,
it is important that its prime agricultural lands should not be converted to non-agricultural uses
in order to guarantee food self-sufficiency in the LGU.
Roads
Policies ensuring the quality and maintenance of roads must be passed combined with regular
monitoring to maximize road safety.
Institutional Areas
RA 9266, The National Building Code from destruction, protects public facilities, government
offices, and other public infrastructures. The municipality can then pass ordinances that
support the implementation of national laws.
Easements of Public Use
Article 51 of the Philippine Water Code (PD 1067) stipulates:
The banks of rivers and streams and the shores of the seas and lakes throughout their entire
length and within a zone of three (3) meters in urban areas, twenty (20) meters in agricultural

areas, and forty (40) meters in forest areas, along their margins, are subject to the easement of
public use in the interest of recreation, navigation, float age, fishing and salvage. No person
shall be allowed to stay in this zone longer than what is necessary for recreation, navigation,
float age, or salvage or to build structures of any kind.
Considering that the municipality has a number of creeks and one major river (Pampanga
River), the abovementioned provision is adopted to prevent developments that may lead to the
degradation and destruction of the waterways. Provisions in the zoning ordinance will be the
main mechanism for its implementation. The following policy and legislative intervention can
be executed in order achieve the appropriate easements: Enforcement of Article 51 of the
water code through the zoning ordinance; Reclaim riverbanks that may have been built
upon; Construction and establishment of linear parks along the river that will serve as open
spaces, measures to address flood susceptibility, and a contributory effort in making the
municipality ‘green’. Prevent construction of structures along the riverbank.
National Road Easements
To prevent obstruction and traffic congestion caused by establishments being built too close
to national roads, Presidential Decree 705 or the Forestry Code will be enforcing a 20-meter
regulatory setback from the edge of the ROW. Doing so would retain a significant allowance
of open space preventing encroachments along the national road.
PRINCIPLE OF URBAN DESIGN
CREATE PLACES FOR PEOPLE
For places to be well-used and well-loved, they must be safe, comfortable, varied, and
attractive. They also need to be distinctive, and offer variety, choice, and fun. Vibrant places
offer opportunities for meeting people; playing in the street and watching the world go by.

4.4 PRIMARY DATA











Republic of the Philippines
Commission of Higher Education
DON HONORIO VENTURA STATE UNIVERSITY
Bacolor, Pampanga
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
SURVEY FORM
NAME (optional): __________________________________________________________
AGE: _________
 Are you in favor of establishing a medical, Evacuation and Rescue Center in San
Simon that near in your place? ___Yes ___No
 In case of Calamities like Typhoons, what commonly the height of flood in your
place?
__not less than 1ft __1ft __2ft __3ft __4ft or higher
 How long the flood subsides?
__not less than a day __2-5 days __ week __months
 In time of Calamities, would you consider Porject S.H.I.E.L.D as your choice?
___Yes ___I will stay ___No ___undecided
 In case of emergency, would you consider Porject S.H.I.E.L.D as your choice?

 would you consider to attend on our semminars and briefing for disaster and
calamities?

Are you in favor of establishing a medical,

Evacuation and Rescue Center in San
Simon that near in your place?
25
20
15
10
0
SanAgustine Sanpablo (proper) San isidro Delapaz
yes no undecide
In case of Calamities particularly Typhoon,

what is the usual height of flood in your
place?
25
20
15
10
0
SanAgustine SanPablo (proper) San Isidro Delapaz
1ft-3ft 3ft-5ft 5ft-7ft 7ft-above

How long the flood subsides?

20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
less than a day 2-5days weeks months
In times of calamity, would you consider

project:S.H.I.E.L.D as your choice?
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
yes I will stay no undecided

In case of emergency, would you consider

project:S.H.I.E.L.D as your choice?
25
20
15
10
0
yes no undecided
would you consider to attend on our

semminars and briefing for disaster and
calamities?
25
20
15
10
0
yes no undecided

2.2 CASE STUDIES
To course through the problem in this project, it is important that we know how to manage
the medical, evacuation and rescue center, in doing so, we will be able to understand how to
construct a medical, evacuation rescue center.
A personal and professional moment of enjoyment occurred when opportunities knocked to

further expand and develop ideas in collaboration with government agencies, designers, and
localities.
2.2.1 SCOPE AND DELIMITATIONS
Scope
The scope of the study includes the talks about the medical needs, lack of evacuation center
and rescue center, also includes survey with the local government, local families, and
designers of Pampanga and they participated and answered the questions immediately. We
used these to make our project more visible.
Delimitations
Participation in this study delimits in coverage to case studies about medical needs, lack of
evacuation center and rescue center. It is also delimited to people who are living in Pampanga
province only.
2.2.1 SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
To sum it all up to medical, evacuation and rescue center, that consist of two buildings, a city
block, or entire neighborhoods that encourage the people in case of calamities. The needs in
medical and social. The healing way through the use beyond architecture. That can change the
usual type or mod of people.

RESEARCH TOPIC
The project have gone even further by making the medical, evacuation and rescue center. An
integral part and identity of San Simon Pampanga has the potential to be the center of district
4 to bring the safeties.
THE RESEARCH BODY
Medical, evacuation and rescue center is a community that will encourage Kapampangan to
recognize and venerate the improved and more sustainable developments in our country. It
fosters connections among citizens while allowing them to consider lifestyle and values. The
risk reduction management will always be in ready in case of calamities or disaster.
APPLICATION
We consider a lot of ideas in coming up with the visible of proposed project. The medical,
evacuation and rescue facilities. The consideration of residences nor the evacuees in case of
calamities. From the topic it shows that we might be concerned with the visitors as an aspect
of our research. How they value the existing hospital, evacuation and rescue center? This
project will lead to encourage locals to be more connected with their community, to be active
to the society and to participate with the local industry.

Chapter 3
ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION

Chapter 3
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

3.1 SITUATION ANALYSIS
3.1.1 IDENTIFICATION/ASSESSMENT OF NEEDS
 A need for public service, health aspects: for a pleasant and comfortable means of
civilized place in San Simon and nearby districts.
 A need for evacuation center in case of emergency and disaster
 Assisting facilities like bus and PUJ terminals, commercial establishments and open
spaces for the project to make it more applicable for the users.
3.1.2 RESTATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
After analyzing all collected/given facts, data & information needed, the
proponents now classify the problem.
Main problem
 Lack of current emergency facility in the province.

 Implement the Incident Command System (ICS).
 Spreading the influence of the Command Center.
Sub problem
 Integrity of functions.
 Private and public emergency agencies.
 Mitigation of victims in disastrous events.
 Interrelationship of spaces.

3.1.3 RECOMMENDATION
The focus on this project is on the needs of people in medical and incase of
calamity/disaster.
The following are giving importance of readiness of the people.
Proposed buildings/facilities
 Hospital
 Evacuation center
 Rescue center
 Training facilities
3.2 THE SITE
3.2.1 BACKGROUND
LOCATION: The Site was suited in CDCP San Simon, province of Pampanga.

3.2.2 SITE SELECTION CRITERA
Factors Site Selection Criteria Justifications for the

criteria
Accessibility Located along major road The medical and
evacuation rescue center
spot must be accessible to
people from different
places. If it’s not
accessible, there will be
low subsidy.
Proximity to Not exceeding 10km from Existing historic sites are a
recreation/historic sites historic/old churches little bit far from site. So,
recreation and new tourist
spots will be provided by
the proposal
Proximity to urbanized Within 10km from It is recommended that the
area urbanized area site is not within 10km
from urbanized area to
avoid urban noise and
congestion and create a
tranquil
Size Area not more than 10 It is recommended that the
hectares site area should be about
10 hectares due to the
buildings and healthcare
activities expected.
Existing features Balanced built-in and The site must have the
natural features potentials for both passive
and active recreation
brought by the existing

features of the
environment.
3.2.3 SITE SELECTION AND JUSTIFICATION
SITE 1: CDCP SAN SIMON, Pampanga
The entire locality of San Simon in the province of Ilocos Pampanga, the proponent has
chosen specific site that are highly recommended by the City Planning and Development of
each Municipal and City Hall which has the suitable characteristics of an ideal location for a
medical and evacuation rescue center development that based on the site criteria given the
proponent.

Aerial view
Lot Area: 8.68 hectares
DESCRIPTION: officially the Municipality of San Simon, is a 3rd class municipality in

the province of Pampanga, Philippines. It is accessible via the North Luzon Expressway via
the San Simon current exit. With a density of 930 inhabitants per square kilometer or 2,400
inhabitants per square mile.
Advantages
 The accessibility of road networks of 4major roads (Apalit, Mac Arthur highway,
Nlex Tall gate and Sto. Domingo rotunda in Mexico.)

 It is the central municipal in district 4 due to higher income tax of industries in San
Simon.
 The location of site was flood prone area.
Site 2: Sampaloc Apalit, Pampanga
SITE
#2
Lot Area: 5 Hectares
DESCRIPTION: Sampaloc is a barangay in the municipality of Apalit, in the province

of Pampanga. Its population as determined by the 2015 Census was 11,891. This represented
11.01% of the total population of Apalit.
Advantages
 It has a one way road access to apalit-Mc Arthur highway.

 Free from traffic
 It is nearby in Camilla Homes and commercial facilities.

3.2.4 SITE ANALYSIS
Region III: Pampanga
Map of the Philippines
San Simon, Pampanga
CDCP, San Simon, Pampanga
SITE LOCATION: CDCP San Simon, Pampanga

Total Land Area: 8.68 hectares
MICRO SITE ANALYSIS
 BOUNDARIES
San Simon was bounded on the north by the Municipality of Mexico, on the northeast by
the Municipality of San Luis, on the southwest by the Municipality of Minalin, on the
southeast by the Municipality of Apalit and on the east portion by the Municipality of
Baliuag in Bulacan with regard to its political boundaries.
 ENVIRONMENT
The municipality is predominantly on agricultural land; its main source of livelihood is
farming, while a small percentage of families are involved in small-scale business
enterprises. The town is known for world class pottery and ceramic tiles, which are
produced locally, specifically in Barangay San Isidro and San Pablo Proper. Further, there
are establishments engaged in the manufacturing of construction materials, food products,
metal craft, as well as in printing press, building construction and many others.
 UTILITIES
 SANITATION
Utilities in the barangay to support housing include water provision through the San Simon
Waterworks. They are responsible for the provision of potable water supply to the
municipality. It is noted that all barangays are being served by the water supply system.
 POWER SUPPLY
Electric power in San Simon was served by the Pelco III.
 WATER SUPPLY

Domestic water supply is provided mainly by the San Simon Waterworks System, which is
the only water supplier in the municipality located at Barangay San Miguel. There are two
(2) main water sub-stations in the municipality which are located at Barangays San Juan and
Concepcion. At present, the most common sources of water in the municipality are the deep
well, shallow well, dug well and community water system.
 CLIMATE:
March and April and the coldest is during December, January and February. Average
annual temperature reaches 26.4°C which shows a slight variation from the previous
temperature. Average rainfall varies from 105.23 mm during this part of the year.
 INFRASTRUCTURE
 ROADS
In the present urban land use, road networks and bridges are part of “Open Space Zone” but
in the proposed urban land use the latter is separated, with a total area of 22.4346 hectares or
1.35% of the total urban land area including the widening provisions.
 BRIDGES
The topography of San Simon is characterized by rivers, creeks and irrigation canals.
Bridges are used to link the road networks over bodies of water. There are seven (7) bridges
spread out in the different barangays of San Simon. Majority of these bridges are reinforced
concrete and steel.
 TELECOMMUNICATION
The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) provides telephone services in
the area covering urban barangays. The company is also a provider of internet service
through digital subscriber line (DSL) by using its own local telephone network. Other
internet services are provided through broadband by Smart, Globe Telecom and Sun
Cellular.
3.3 SWOT ANALYIS
STRENGTHS- THE SITE’S STRENGTHS ARE , THE SITE HAS A WIDE ROAD FROM
ITS FRONT AND RIGHT SIDE , ANOTHER SITE
STRENGHT IS THAT ,IT IS A CORNER LOT,SITE
ELEVATION AT THESE COORDINATES IS ESTIMATED
AT 3.0 METERS OR 9.8 FEET ABOVE MEAN SEA LEVEL.
ADVANTAGES OF WIDE ROADS
 LESS TRAFFIC
 EASILY TO ACCES
 GOOD FOR EMERGENCY PURPOSES
ADVANTAGES OF A CORNER LOT
 2 WAY ACCESS
 MAXIMIZATION OF THE AREA
 ACCESSIBLE
ADVANTAGES OF ELEVATED SITE
 FLOOD EVASION

WEAKNESSES- THE SITE’S WEAKNESSES ARE, IT IS FAR FROM THE AFFECTED

AREA THAT NEEDS TO EVACUATE. LOCK OF PROPER DRAINAGE IN THE
AREA.

DISADVANTAGE OF FAR FROM AFFECTED AREA
 IT CONTAIN ROAD OR TIME DISTANCE
DISADVANTAGE OF LOCK OF PROPER DRAINAGE
 FLOOD PRONE
OPPORTUNITIES- THE SITE’S OPPORTUNITIES ARE, IT IS EASY ACCESS IN

NEARBY MUNICIPALITIES. IT IS LOCATED NEAR IN GAS STATION AND
COMMERCIAL ESTABLISHMENT. IT WILL BENEFITS THE MUNICIPALITY OF
THIS PROJECT.
ADVANTAGES OF EASY ACCESS
 THE INTERCONNECTION/ ROAD ACCESS INTO THE SITE.
ADVANTAGES OF NEARBY COMMERCIAL ESTABLISMENTS
 ACCESS IN BUSINESS MERCANTILE.
ADVANTAGES IN MUNICIPALITY
 THE BENIFICIARY WAS THE PEOPLE OF SAN SIMON AND NEARBY

MUNICIPALITIES.
TREATHS- CLIMATE CHANGE
CRITERIA SITE 1 SITE 2

I. REGIONAL
Climate (temperature, storms, rainfall, etc.) # #
Soils (stability, fertility, depth)
^ *
Water supply and quality
Economy (rising, stable, declining) ^ ^
Transportation (highways and transit) > >
Energy (availability and relative cost)
Landscape character # ^
Cultural opportunities ^ ^
Employment opportunities
^ ^
Health care facilities
Major detractions (list and describe) > #
Exceptional features (list and describe) # #
> ^
II. COMMUNITY
Travel (time-distance to work, shopping, etc.) ^ #
Travel experience (pleasant or unpleasant)
^ ^
Community ambience
Schools ^ #
Shopping * *
Churches * *
Cultural opportunities (library, auditorium)
^ *
Public services (fire, police, etc.)
Safety and security > ^
Medical facilities > ^
Governance
* *
Taxes
Major detraction (list and describe) * *
Exceptional features (list and descried) # #
III. NEIGHBORHOOD
Landscape character > #
Lifestyle
^ ^
Compatibility of proposed uses
Trafficways (access, hazard, attractiveness) ^ #
Schools # *
Conveniences (schools, service, etc.) ^ #
Parks, recreation and open space
> ^
Exposure (sun, wind, storms, planning)
Freedom from noise, fumes, etc. > #
Utilities (availability and cost) ^ ^
Major detraction (list and describe)
* *
Exceptional features (list and descried
^ #
PROPERTY
Size and shape (suitability) > ^
Aspect from approaches > #

Safe entrance and egress > ^
On-site “feel”
* ^
Permanent trees and cover
Need for clearing * #
Ground forms and gradients ^ #
Soils (quality and depth) ^ ^
Relative cost of earthwork and foundation
^ #
Site drainage
Adjacent structures (or lack of) * #
Neighbors ^ #
Relationship to circulation patterns
^
Relative cost of land and development
Major detraction (list and describe) *
Exceptional features (list and descried)
BUILDING SITE
Topographic “fit” of programmed user .> ^
Gradient of approaches
> #
Safe distance at entrance drive
Orientation to sun, wind and breeze > ^
Views >
Privacy #
Freedom from noise and glare
>
Visual impact of neighboring uses
Visual impact upon neighboring uses > ^
Proximity to utility leads
LEGEND
* - severe limitation
# - moderate constraint
^ - condition good
> - condition excellent

3.4 ACTUAL SITE CONDITION


3.5 BASEDLINE STUDIES
3.5.1 MAPS
Base Maps
 Municipal or General Base Map

 Poblacion or Urban Base Map
 Base Maps for other Built-up Areas
 Vicinity Map
Thematic or Analytical Maps
 Contour Map
 Soil Map
 Slope Map
 Land Capability Map
 Soil Suitability for Agricultural Uses
 Soil Suitability for Urban Uses
 Hydro-geologic or Groundwater Map
 Facilities/ Infrastructures Map
 Development Constraints Map (geologic, fault, flooding, etc.)
 Special Projects Map
 Weather Map

Municipal or General Base Map


Poblacion or Urban Base Map

Base Maps for other Built-up Areas

Vicinity Map

Slope Map

Soil Map




Contour Map


Weather Map

DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINS MAP

FAULT MAP

3.6 FACTORS and ISSUES RELEVANT TO THE SITE

The experience and observations within the site will help as a factor of the study. Having
the site inspected and determined all the legal and necessary documents regarding it, the
proponents will be able to determine the potential of the development that will be
The site will be feasible because of the following factors:
The land use and zoning9 of the site is compatible to the land use as an institutional area.
The intersections of major roads bounded by the site is used as an access for
Regional Geology
Lithology and stratigraphy of the Pampanga River Basin is shown in Figure 8 (RBCO file
copy) and summarized in Table 6 (excerpts from Newhall and others, 1996 and MGB
1981), respectively. Lithologic divisions were modified from 1:50000 geologic maps
compiled by Mines and Geosciences Bureau (1981 and 2010) and there are seven main
time-bounded lithologic units (adapted from the stratigraphy of Central Luzon Basin and
Zambales) as recognized. From oldest to youngest these are the Eocene Zambales
Ophiolite Complex, early Pliocene and late Miocene sedimentary and volcanic rocks,
Neogene intrusives, Pleistocene ancestral satellite vent deposits of Pinatubo Volcano,
Pleistocene ancestral deposit of Pinatubo Volcano, and Holocene and late Pleistocene
volcanic rocks of modern Pinatubo.

Topography
The Pampanga River Basin is covered by about 65% alluvial plain with ground elevation
of less than 200m and slope of less than 3% that spreads over the lower and middle reaches
of the Basin forming part of the Central Luzon Plain. The Pampanga River Basin has the
largest catchment area of 7,978 km2 and the longest channels length of 25km. It is divided
into three river systems, namely, Pampanga main river system, Angat river system, and
Pasig river system.
The topography of the Municipality of San Simon is generally affected by the Pampanga
River System. It is part of the alluvial plain that its topography has changed from rolling
topography (slopes less than 15°) before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo into a generally plain
to sloping with slopes ranging from less than 3 to 8%.

Climate
March and April and the coldest is during December, January and February. Average annual
temperature reaches 26.4°C which shows a slight variation from the previous temperature.
Average rainfall varies from 105.23 mm during this part of the year.
Classification of climate using the Corona’s climate types is based on the monthly rainfall
received during the year. Pampanga is considered to have Type I climate where there is a
distinct dry and a wet season; wet from June to November and dry the rest of the year.
Projections for seasonal temperature and rainfall changes as well as projected increase in
frequency of the extreme events (e.g. extreme temperature, dry days and extreme rainfall) as
compared with observed average/actual values, in 2020 and 2050 under the mid-range
scenario in the province of Pampanga are presented below.
The projected seasonal temperature increase, seasonal rainfall change and frequency of
extreme events in 2020 and 2050 under the medium-range emission scenario in the province
of Pampanga are presented below. The projections are added to the observed values.
The projected values in 2020 for Pampanga are: a. DJF (December-January-February) mean
temperature = 26.0 °C + 1.0°C = 27°C b. DJF rainfall = [120.8mm+120.8(16.3%) mm] =
(120.8+16.7) mm=140.5mm c. Number of days with Tmax>35°C in Pampanga during the
2006-2035 period (centered at 2020) =1,855
d. Number of dry days in Pampanga during the 2006-2035 period (centered at 2020) = 5,701;
e. Number of days with rainfall >200mm in Pampanga during the 2006-2035 period (centered
at 2020) = 12

Groundwater Resource
The groundwater is the primary source for the potable water supply in the study area. Hence,
the present groundwater quality is preliminarily evaluated against the Philippine National
Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW) by the Department of Health (DOH).
A study of Sandoval M.& Mamaril F. on the Hydrogeology of Central Luzon in the 1970s
described the quality of the groundwater in the region based on the physical, biological,
chemical and radiological characteristics. The chemical analysis of water ordinarily included
the determination of the total dissolved solids, total hardness, alkalinity, pH and presence of
Iron, Sulfates and Chlorides
The Municipality of San Simon should have a regular and updated data on the water quality
(results of the above bacteriological and metal analysis, those for the physical and chemical
analysis on the groundwater quality tests compared with the EMB-WQ standards) of its water
sources from San Simon Waterworks which is the lone water supplier in the area. Wells in
the barangays should be tested and monitored for quantity and quality.
Volcanic Hazards
The Municipality of San Simon is approximately 97 kilometers from Mt. Pinatubo.

Considering the location of the Municipality, primary volcanic hazards would be from air-fall
tephra and lahars.
Mt. Pinatubo’s latest eruption was in June 15, 1991 after about 600 years of quiescence. Other
eruption-related volcanic hazards for Pinatubo include air fall tephra, pyroclastic flows, base
surge, fissuring, ground subsidence and lahar or mudflows. The effect of air-fall tephra
depends on the thickness and distribution of tephra deposits which is strongly dependent on
the speed and direction of prevailing wind, height of the eruption column, and duration of the
eruption. The possible hazards include burial by volcanic ash and impact from large
projectiles. In contrast, lahar is devastating because it affects the watershed emanating from
the volcano. It is a rapidly flowing thick mixture of volcanic sediments and water which
contains 20 to 80% sediment by volume. Hazards include lateral and vertical scouring of
channels, impacts associated with the flowing slurries of freshly mixed concrete and other
sediments that it carries. While the probability of another major eruption is estimated to be
small, mudflows are likely to continue to be a source of severe damage over the next 5 to 10
years as heavy rainfall erodes the pyroclastic surge causing sediment to move downstream.
Sediment deposits have filled major drainage channels, causing widespread flooding
especially in the low-lying areas.
Seismic Hazards
The main seismic hazard is ground shaking with associated collateral hazards like ground
rupture, fissuring, liquefaction and landslides. The intensity of ground shaking is a function
of the magnitude, proximity to earthquake epicenter and ground condition which also includes
the failure of existing engineering structures.
The potential earthquake generators that may affect the Municipality include the East
Zambales Fault, the Maraunot Fault passing through Mt. Pinatubo and Mt.Pinatubo itself.
Based on existing preliminary work of PHIVOLCS, there is relevant active faulting at least
along the northern segment of the East Zambales Fault which is not near to the Municipality.
Most of the epicenters are shallow so indicating that faulting is still active. Figures 22 and 23
show the Preliminary Earthquake-induced Landslide Hazard Map and Ground shaking Hazard
Map from PHIVOLCS-DOST 2008 and PENRO-DENR. Based on the maps, the
Municipality of San Simon will not be affected by any landslide since there are no hills or
elevated topography. However, once shaking from the nearest earthquake generator would
occur, ground shaking will be experienced by the people of San Simon. PHIVOLCS
Earthquake Intensity (PEIS) 8- Very Destructive will be experienced particularly east most
portion of Barangay Concepcion and Barangay San Pablo and Dela Paz. Whereas, PEIS 7-
Destructive will be experienced by the rest of the barangays of San Simon.
Liquefaction Susceptibility
Liquefaction is the process in which sediments, consisting mostly of water-saturated silt and
fine sand, loss rigidity in response to earthquake-induced intense ground shaking. As particles

are reorganized into a more compact packing arrangement, pore water is expelled and breaks
through the surface forming sand boils. The process is prevalent in seismically active areas
underlain by water-saturated, moderate to well-sorted sandy sediments, and where the water
table is relatively shallow which could be the case in the Municipality of San Simon, thus
suggesting a general high susceptibility to liquefaction hazard (as also illustrated in Figure
24 below). Infrastructure to be sited within this ground should be anchored properly or with
good engineering foundation to compensate for potential ground failure arising from
liquefaction. Barangay Dela Paz and Barangay San Pablo Libutad would probably be in a
moderate susceptibility to this hazard; it would be safe to have a foundation compliant with
the Structural and Building Code of the Philippines.
Flooding and Flood Related Hazards
Flooding is a consequence of continuous and excessive rainfall from either typhoon or

southwest monsoon which in effect, causes river overbanking and flooding. In the
Municipality of San Simon, flooding is a recurring problem and poses great difficulties and
danger especially to low-lying areas with inadequate drainage system. An average of at least
one flooding in a year and with a frequency of tropical cyclone passage over the Pampanga
River Basin of about 5 in 3 years (PRFFWC Pampanga River Basin Flood Forecasting &
Warning Center, PAGASA, DOST website).
Lahars, in contrast, are exclusive to volcanic watersheds, and differ from floods in having a
broader range of sediment content (by as much as 90% by weight). Thus flows tend to have
transitional forms with flow properties ranging from turbulent muddy stream-flow to debris-
flows. Hazards include lateral and vertical scouring of the channel, impact associated with
viscous slurry and entrained boulders, and extensively thick burial. Where deposits block
channels and waterways, back flooding may occur.
Siltation occurs from increased sediment input during flood-stage levels and lahar flows into
low gradient areas sited at the distal reach of rivers. Continuous sedimentation, as in the lahar-
affected rivers, reduces channel capacity that further exacerbates flooding problems in low-

lying areas. However, floods could cause significant lateral erosion and bank caving
particularly along the outside bend of river meanders.
B. CULTURAL DATA
San Simon is classified as a 3rd class municipality in the province of Pampanga in the Central
Luzon region. Not only an award-winning municipality, San Simon also banks on its potential
as one of the promising growth centers in the region in which one can trace its gradual growth
and development as well as the special distinction conferred for its best practices, particularly
in the use of technological innovation in local governance and public service, to its history,
human resource, physical characteristics and economic strength.
The town of San Simon was composed of eight (8) barrios. These are San Isidro (Litlit), San
Jose (San Hosep), San Juan, San Miguel (Calonge), San Nicolas (Sompong), San Pablo (Pulo),
Sta. Monica (Pangkiari), and San Pedro (Cutcut). After fifty years these became nine due to
the inclusion of Concepcion. This number became eleven (11) when Dela Paz and Sta. Cruz
were included and in 1930, San Pablo Libutad was included. After the American granted our
independence, the barrios of San Agustin and Sto. Niῆo were added, thus making a total of 14
barrio.
The municipality of San Simon composed of 14 barangays in an area of 5,736 hectares. Its
total population as of the 2010 Census of the National Statistics Office (NSO) is 48,353, and
a total household of 9,801. The municipality is predominantly on agricultural land; its main
source of livelihood is farming, while a small percentage of families are involved in small-
scale business enterprises.
The municipality of San Simon accounts for 2.4% of the total population of the Pampanga
province, which is at 2,014,019 excluding the independent Angeles City (2010 Census, NSO).
From 2000 to 2010, the municipality posted an average annual population growth rate of
1.60%; this is lower than the 2.23% provincial average for the same period.

3.7BEHAVIORAL ANALYSIS
CHECKLIST FOR REVIEW OF FLOOR PLANS
LEVEL 2 HOSPITAL
PHYSICAL PLANT
____ 1.1 Administrative Service
____ 1.1.1 Lobby
____ 1.1.1.1 Waiting Area
____ 1.1.1.2 Information, Reception and Communication Area
____ 1.1.1.3 Public Toilet (Male/Female/PWD)
____ 1.1.1.4 Staff Toilet (Male/Female)
____ 1.1.2 Admitting and Social Service Office
____ 1.1.3 Business Office
____ 1.1.3.1 Billing
____ 1.1.3.2 Cashier
____ 1.1.3.3 Budget and Finance
____ 1.1.4 Medical Records Section
____ 1.1.5 Personnel Office
____ 1.1.6 Prayer Room
____ 1.1.7 Office of the Administrative Officer
____ 1.1.8 Office of the Chief of Hospital
____ 1.1.9 Office of the Chief of Clinics

____ 1.1.10 Conference and Training Room
____ 1.1.11Staff Toilet
____ 1.1.12 Laundry* and Linen Office
____ 1.1.12.1 Sorting and Washing Area*
____ 1.1.12.2 Pressing and Ironing Area*
____ 1.1.12.3 Storage Area
____ 1.1.13 Maintenance Office*
____ 1.1.13.1 Work Area*
____ 1.1.13.2 Housekeeping Area*
____ 1.1.13.3 Motorpool* and Ambulance Parking Area
____ 1.1.14 Property and Supply Office
____ 1.1.15 Waste Holding Room
____ 1.1.16 Dietary*
____ 1.1.16.1 Dietitian Office
____ 1.1.16.2 Supply Receiving Area*
____ 1.1.16.3 Cold and Dry Storage Area*
____ 1.1.16.4 Food Preparation Area*
____ 1.1.16.5 Cooking and Baking Area*
____ 1.1.16.6 Serving and Food Assembly Area
*When the services are contracted out, these areas are not required. However, a contract of
service or memorandum of agreement with a service provider should be secured as a
prerequisite for license to operate.
____ 1.1.16.7 Washing Area
____ 1.1.16.8 Garbage Disposal Area
____ 1.1.16.9 Dining Area
____ 1.1.16.10 Toilet*
____ 1.1.17 Cadaver Holding Area
____ 1.2 Clinical Service
____ 1.2.1 Emergency Room
____ 1.2.1.2 Toilet
____ 1.2.1.3 Nurse Station
____ 1.2.1.4 Minor OR
____ 1.2.1.5 Examination and Treatment Area with Lavatory/Sink
____ 1.2.1.6 Observation Area
____ 1.2.1.7 Equipment and Supply Storage Area
____ 1.2.1.8 Wheeled Stretcher Area
____ 1.2.2 Outpatient Department
____ 1.2.2.2 Toilet
____ 1.2.2.3 Admitting and Records Area
____ 1.2.2.4 Consultation Area

____ 1.2.2.5 Respiratory Unit
____ 1.2.2.7 Dental Clinic
____ 1.2.2.8 Office of the Department Head
____ 1.2.2.7.1 Medicine
____ 1.2.2.7.2 Pediatrics
____ 1.2.2.7.3 Obstetrics and Gynecology
____ 1.2.2.7.4 Surgery and Anesthesia
____ 1.2.3 Surgical Service
____ 1.2.3.1 Major Operating Room
____ 1.2.3.2 Recovery Room
____ 1.2.3.3 Sub-sterilizing Area/Work Area
____ 1.2.3.4 Sterile Instrument, Supply and Storage Area
____ 1.2.3.5 Scrub-up Area
____ 1.2.3.6 Clean-up Area
____ 1.2.3.7 Male Dressing Room and Toilet
____ 1.2.3.8 Female Dressing Room and Toilet
____ 1.2.3.9 Nurse Station/Work Area
____ 1.2.3.11 Janitor’s Closet
____ 1.2.4 Obstetrical Service

____ 1.2.4.1 Delivery Room
____ 1.2.4.2 High Risk Pregnancy Unit
____ 1.2.4.3 Labor Room with Toilet
____ 1.2.4.4 Sub-sterilizing Area/Work Area
____ 1.2.4.5 Sterile Instrument, Supply and Storage Area
____ 1.2.4.7 Clean-up Area
____ 1.2.4.8 Male Dressing Room and Toilet
____ 1.2.4.9 Female Dressing Room and Toilet
____ 1.2.4.10 Nurse Station/Work Area
____ 1.2.4.12 Janitor’s Closet
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
____ 1.2.5.1 Nurse Station/Work Area with Sink
____ 1.2.5.2 Newborn Care Area
____ 1.2.5.3 Breastfeeding Area with Lavatory
____ 1.2.5.4 Treatment Area
____ 1.2.5.5 Viewing Area
____ 1.2.6 Nursing Unit
____ 1.2.6.1 Patient Room
____ 1.2.6.2 Toilet

____ 1.2.6.3 Isolation Room with Ante Room, PPE Rack and Toilet
____ 1.2.6.4.1 Utility Area
____ 1.2.6.4.2 Linen Area
____ 1.2.6.4.3 Toilet
____ 1.2.6.5 Treatment and Medication Area with Lavatory/Sink
____ 1.2.7 Intensive Care Unit
____ 1.2.7.2 Medication Area with Sink
____ 1.2.7.3 Toilet
____ 1.2.7.4 Patient Area
____ 1.2.7.5 Dressing Area
____ 1.2.8 Central Sterilizing and Supply Room
____ 1.2.8.1 Receiving and Releasing Area
____ 1.2.8.2 Work Area
____ 1.2.8.3 Sterilizing Area
____ 1.2.8.4 Sterile Supply Storage Area
____ 1.3 Nursing Service
____ 1.3.1 Office of the Chief Nurse
____ 1.3.2 Toilet

____ 1.4 Ancillary Service
____ 1.4.1 Tertiary Clinical Laboratory
____ 1.4.1.1 Clinical Work Area with Lavatory/Sink
____ 1.4.1.2 Pathologist Area
____ 1.4.1.3 Microbiology Room
____ 1.4.1.4 Toilet
____ 1.4 2 Blood Station
____ 1.4.3 Radiology – 2nd Level
____ 1.4.2.1 X – Ray Room with Control Booth, Dressing Area and
Toilet
____ 1.4.2.2 Dark Room
____ 1.4.2.3 Film File and Storage Area
____ 1.4.2.4 Radiologist Area
____ 1.4.4 Pharmacy
PLANNING AND DESIGN
____ 2.1 Floor plans properly identified and completely labeled
____ 2.2 Conforms to applicable codes as part of normal professional service:
____ 2.2.1 Exits restricted to the following types: door leading directly outside the
building, interior stair, ramp, and exterior stair
____ 2.2.2 Minimum of two (2) exits, remote from each other, for each floor of the
building

____ 2.2.3 Corridors and ramps for ingress and egress at least 2.44 meters in
clear and unobstructed width
____ 2.2.4 Exits terminate directly at an open space to the outside of the building
____ 2.2.5 Minimum of one (1) toilet on each floor accessible to the disabled
____ 2.3 Meets prescribed functional programs:
____ 2.3.1 Main entrance of the hospital directly accessible from public road
____ 2.3.2 Ramp or elevator for clinical, nursing and ancillary services located on
the upper floor
____ 2.3.3 Administrative Service
____ 2.3.3.1 Business office located near the main entrance of the
hospital
____ 2.3.4 Emergency Room
____ 2.3.4.1 Located in the ground floor to ensure easy access for
patients
____ 2.3.4.2 Separate entrance to the emergency
____ 2.3.4.3 Ramp for wheelchair access
____ 2.3.4.4 Easily accessible to the clinical and ancillary services
(laboratory, radiology, pharmacy, operating room)
____ 2.3.4.5 Nurse station located to permit observation of patient and

control of access to entrance, waiting area, and treatment area
____ 2.3.5 Outpatient Department

____ 2.3.5.1 Located near the main entrance of the hospital to
ensure easy access for patients
____ 2.3.5.2 Separate toilets for patients and staff
____ 2.3.6 Surgical Service
____ 2.3.6.1 Located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic
through the suite
____ 2.3.6.2 Operating room located as remote as practicable
from the entrance to the suite to reduce traffic and
provide greater asepsis
____ 2.3.6.3 Dressing room arranged to avoid exposure to dirty
areas after changing to surgical garments
____ 2.3.6.4 Nurse station located to permit visual observation of
patient and movement into the suite
____ 2.3.6.5 Scrub-up area recessed into an alcove or other open
space out of the main traffic
____ 2.3.6.6 Sub-sterilizing area separate from the operating room
and accessible to the clean-up area
____ 2.3.6.7 Recovery room located within the suite in an area
near the entrance to the suite
____ 2.3.7 Delivery Service

through the suite
____ 2.3.7.2 Delivery room located as remote as practicable from
the entrance to the suite to reduce traffic and provide
greater asepsis
____ 2.3.7.3 Dressing room arranged to avoid exposure to dirty
areas after changing to obstetric garments
____ 2.3.7.4 Nurse station located to permit visual observation of
patient and movement into the suite
____ 2.3.7.5Scrub-up area recessed into an alcove or other open
____ 2.3.7.6 Sub-sterilizing area separate from the delivery room
and accessible to the clean-up area
____ 2.3.7.7 Delivery room and pathologic – premature nursery
located on the same floor
____ 2.3.7.8 Pathologic – premature nursery separate but
immediately accessible from the delivery room
____ 2.3.8 Operating room and delivery room arranged to prevent staff and
patients to travel from one area to the other area
____ 2.3.9 Separate toilets and rooms for male and female patients
____ 2.3.10 Nursing Service
____ 2.3.10.1 Nurse station located and designed to allow visual

observation of patient and movement into the nursing
unit
____ 2.3.10.2 Nurse station provided in all nursing units of the
hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station
for every thirty-five (35) beds
____ 2.3.10.3 Toilet immediately accessible from each room in a
nursing unit
____ 2.3.11 Dietary, maintenance and other non-patient contact services located
in areas away from normal traffic within the hospital, or located in
separate buildings within the hospital premises
____ 2.3.11.1 The dietary service shall be away from morgue with
at least 25-meter distance
PRIMARY CARE FACILITY – INFIRMARY
PHYSICAL PLANT
____ 1.1 Administrative Service
____ 1.1.1 Waiting Area
____ 1.1.2 Admitting and Records Area
____ 1.1.3 Administrative and Business Office
____ 1.1.4.Public Toilet (Male/Female/PWD)
____ 1.1.5 Staff Toilet

____ 1.1.6 Parking Area for Transport Vehicle
____ 1.1.7 Janitor’s Closet
____ 1.2.1 Emergency and Outpatient
____ 1.2.1.2 Toilet
____ 1.2.1.4 Consultation Area with sink
____ 1.2.2 Delivery
____ 1.2.2.1 Labor Room
1.2.2.1.1 Toilet
____ 1.2.2.3 Birthing Room
1.2.2.3.1 Newborn Resuscitation Area
1.2.2.3.2 Equipment and Supply Storage Are
____ 1.2.2.4 Clean-up and Sterilization Room
____ 1.3 Nursing Service

____ 1.3.1 Nurse Station
____ 1.3.2 Patient Room
____ 1.3.3 Toilet
PLANNING AND DESIGN
building, interior
stair, ramp, and exterior stair
building
____ 2.3.1 Main entrance of the infirmary directly accessible from public road
____ 2.3.2 Ramp for clinical, nursing and ancillary services located on the upper floor
Administrative Service
____ 2.3.3.1 Administrative and business office located near the
main entrance of the infirmary
Emergency and Outpatient
____ 2.3.4.1 Located in the ground floor to ensure easy access for
patients
____ 2.3.4.2 Ramp for wheelchair access
____ 2.3.4.3 Nurse station located to permit observation of patient
and control of access to entrance, waiting area, and
treatment area
____ 2.3.4.4 Separate toilets for patients and staff
Birthing Room
through the room
____ 2.3.5.2 Scrub-up area recessed into an alcove or other open
Separate toilets and wards for male and female patients
Nursing Service
____ 2.3.7.1 Nurse station located and designed to allow visual
observation of patient and movement into the nursing unit
____ 2.3.7.2 Toilet immediately accessible from each room in a
nursing unit

PRIMARY CARE FACILITY – BIRTHING HOME
PHYSICAL PLANT
____ 1.1 General Administrative Service
____ 1.1.1 Waiting Area
____ 1.1.2 Business Area
____ 1.1.3 Consultation and Treatment Room
____ 1.1.4 Toilet and Bathroom
____ 1.1.5 Janitor’s Closet
____ 1.2.1 Birthing Room
____ 1.2.1.1 Birthing Area
____ 1.2.1.2 Sterile and Supply Storage Area
____ 1.2.1.3 Newborn Resuscitation Area with Work Table
____ 1.2.2 Scrub-up Area
____ 1.2.3 Clean-up and Sterilization Room
____ 1.2.4 Ward

PLANNING AND DESIGN
building, interior stair, ramp, and exterior stair
building
____ 2.3.1 Main entrance of the birthing home directly accessible from public road
____ 2.2.2 Ramp for clinical services located on the upper floor.
____ 2.3.3 Admitting, records and business office located near the main entrance of the
birthing home
____ 2.3.4 Birthing Room located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic through
the room
____ 2.3.5 Scrub-up area recessed into an alcove or other open space out of the main
traffic

SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR EVACUATION CENTER
 Shelter and accommodation

 Camp management desk
 Toilets and bathing area
 Child friendly spaces
 Community kitchen
 Information board
 Storage area
 Laundry spaces
 Water supply
 Health station
 Couple room
 Livestock and domestic animals management
SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR RESCUE CENTER
 Parking for rheo truck, fire truck and rubber boats

 Head officer office with mini library
 Radio room
 Tools and equipment storage
 Training room
 Recreation area
SPACE REQUIREMENTS FOR TRAINING CENTER
 Basketball court
 Multi-purpose room
 Tools and equipment
 Storage

3.7.1 ACTIVITY FLOW DIAGRAM
HOSPITAL

EVACUATION CENTER
RESCUE AND TRAINING CENTER

3.7.2 ENVIRONMENT-BEHAVIOR STUDIES
How the people will respond and protect the development? To achieve proper
workflow, you should know what are the necessary needs are and be able to apply
them efficiently in your design solutions. The design should be functional as to what
it is intended, so you could maximize the performance of the project as well as the
movement of the people without the disturbance to other features of the sites. Aside
from pleasing designs, it should also consider the behavioral factors.
Environmental-behavior studies also include aesthetics (delight). As function is
related to people’s behavior and needs, aesthetics is related to their preferences,
experiences and of course their perception of the world. Thus, formal aesthetics is
supplemented with a user-based experiential aesthetics.
Therefore, for you to achieve the success of you designs, it should be able to respond
properly to the needs and benefits of its target users.
 Commuters. These commuters will specifically look for what utility vehicle
they will ride on and on what place they are going. The terminal must be
located near the main road so they can easily find their respective means of
transportation.
 Employees/ staffs. Their goal is to work efficiently to sustain their daily needs.
But also, they find a pleasant working environment for them to work
effectively.
 Citizens. These citizens who have their own businesses in the municipal
government facilities also must provide a decent, respectable and humid place
for them to see and feel because of its relocation.

3.7.3 INTERRELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS
ADMINISTRATION DIVISION
OUTPATIENT DIVISION

EMERGENCY RECEPTION
DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES DIVISION

RADIOLOGY DIVISION
THERAPEUTIC SERVICE DIVISION

INTERNAL MEDICAL TREATMENT DIVISION
INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

CENTRAL STERILIZATION DIVISION
GENERAL SERVICE DIVISION

3.8 VIABILITY STUDIES

3.8.1 TECHNICAL VIABILITY & ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT
Earthquake Resistant Design Techniques for Buildings and Structures

Among the most important advanced techniques of earthquake resistant design and
construction are:
o Base Isolation
o Energy Dissipation Devices
Base Isolation Method

A base isolated structure is supported by a series of bearing pads which are placed between
the building and the building’s foundation. (See Figure 1.) A variety of different types of base
isolation bearing pads have now been developed.
The bearing is very stiff and strong in the vertical direction, but flexible in the horizontal
direction.
Figure 1: Base-Isolated and Fixed-Base Buildings

Earthquake Generated Forces
To get a basic idea of how base isolation works, examine Figure 2. This shows an earthquake
acting on both a base isolated building and a conventional, fixed-base, and building.

As a result of an earthquake, the ground beneath each building begins to move. In Figure 2, it
is shown moving to the left.
Each building responds with movement which tends toward the right. The building
undergoes displacement towards the right. The building’s displacement in the direction
opposite the ground motion is actually due to inertia. The inertial forces acting on a building
are the most important of all those generated during an earthquake.
It is important to know that the inertial forces which the building undergoes are proportional
to the building’s acceleration during ground motion.
It is also important to realize that buildings don’t actually shift in only one direction. Because
of the complex nature of earthquake ground motion, the building actually tends
to vibrate back and forth in varying directions.
Figure 2: Base-Isolated, Fixed-Base Buildings

Deformation and Damages to Structures
In addition to displacing toward the right, the un-isolated building is also shown to be
changing its shape-from a rectangle to a parallelogram. It is deforming. The primary cause of
earthquake damage to buildings is the deformation which the building undergoes as a
result of the inertial forces acting upon it.
Response of Base Isolated Building
By contrast, even though it too is displacing, the base-isolated building retains its original,
rectangular shape. It is the lead-rubber bearings supporting the building that are deformed.

The base-isolated building itself escapes the deformation and damage, which implies that the
inertial forces acting on the base-isolated building have been reduced.
Experiments and observations of base-isolated buildings in earthquakes have been shown to

reduce building accelerations to as little as 1/4 of the acceleration of comparable fixed-base
buildings, which each building undergoes as a percentage of gravity.
As we noted above, inertial forces increase, and decrease, proportionally as acceleration

increases or decreases.
Acceleration is decreased because the base isolation system lengthens a building’s period of
vibration, the time it takes for the building to rock back and forth and then back again. And
in general, structures with longer periods of vibration tend to reduce acceleration, while those
with shorter periods tend to increase or amplify acceleration.
Finally, since they are highly elastic, the rubber isolation bearings don’t suffer any damage.
But the lead plug in the middle of our example bearing experiences the same deformation as
the rubber. However, it generates heat.
In other words, the lead plug reduces, or dissipates, the energy of motion, i.e., kinetic
energy–by converting that energy into heat. And by reducing the energy entering the building,
it helps to slow and eventually stop the building’s vibrations sooner than would otherwise be
the case, in other words, it damps the building’s vibrations.
Energy Dissipation Devices

The second of the major new techniques for improving the earthquake resistance of buildings
also relies upon damping and energy dissipation, but it greatly extends the damping and energy
dissipation provided by lead-rubber bearings.
As we’ve said, a certain amount of vibration energy is transferred to the building by

earthquake ground motion. Buildings themselves do possess an inherent ability to dissipate,

or damp, this energy. However, the capacity of buildings to dissipate energy before they begin
to suffer deformation and damage is quite limited.
The building will dissipate energy either by undergoing large scale movement or sustaining
increased internal strains in elements such as the building’s columns and beams. Both of these
eventually result in varying degrees of damage.
So, by equipping a building with additional devices which have high damping capacity, we
can greatly decrease the seismic energy entering the building, and thus decrease building
damage.
Accordingly, a wide range of energy dissipation devices have been developed and are now
being installed in real buildings. Energy dissipation devices are also often called damping
devices. The large number of damping devices that have been developed can be grouped into
three broad categories:
o Friction Dampers: these utilize frictional forces to dissipate energy
o Metallic Dampers : utilize the deformation of metal elements within the damper
o Viscoelastic Dampers : utilize the controlled shearing of solids
o Viscous Dampers: utilized the forced movement (orificing) of fluids within the damper
Fluid Viscous Dampers
General principles of damping devices are illustrated through Fluid Viscous damper.
Following section, describes the basic characteristics of fluid viscous dampers, the process of
developing and testing them, and the installation of fluid viscous dampers in an actual building
to make it more earthquake resistant.
Damping Devices and Bracing Systems

Damping devices are usually installed as part of bracing systems. Figure 3 shows one type
of damper-brace arrangement, with one end attached to a column and one end attached to a
floor beam. Primarily, this arrangement provides the column with additional support.

Most earthquake ground motion is in a horizontal direction; so, it is a building’s columns

which normally undergo the most displacement relative to the motion of the ground. Figure
3 also shows the damping device installed as part of the bracing system and gives some idea
of its action.
Figure 3: Damping Device Installed with Brace
Fire-resistant Glass for Windows

Windows, important for visibility and light, can nonetheless be a fire hazard. Even before a
window is in direct contact with flames, the intense heat of a nearby fire can cause the glass
to break. And a broken window allows flames to enter a building easily. In addition, the heat
from a fire outside might be enough to simply ignite flammable items inside a home without
direct contact.
To protect your house, consider installing fire-resistant windows. One example is dual-paned
glass windows, which, in addition to providing energy efficiency, also double the time it
would take for fire to break the windows. The outer layer will break first before the inner
layer. Tempered glass, which is heat-treated to make it about four times stronger than regular
glass, is also effective.
Though they don't provide visibility, glass blocks are extremely fire-resistant while still
providing light. Perhaps the best is wired glass, which is tempered glass with metal wire

reinforcement. Doors that require fire resistance but also visibility often incorporate wired
glass windows.
It's also wise to note the importance of window framing. Steel framing offers the best fire
protection, followed by wood and aluminum. Vinyl is the least effective.
On the next page, find out which noncombustible material makes it harder for fire to spread.
Stucco is a plaster that has been used for centuries for both artistic and structural purposes.
Modern stucco is made of Portland cement, sand and lime, and it serves as an excellent and
durable fire-resistant finish material for buildings. It can cover any structural material, such
as brick or wood. It usually consists of two or three coats over metal reinforcing mesh. A one-
inch (2.54-centimeter) layer of stucco can easily lend a 1-hour fire rating to a wall [source:
Nazarro].
Roof eaves (overhangs) are a fire hazard, but they can be protected with an encasement of
fire-resistant material. Stucco is often recommended as one of the best materials for boxing in
hazardous eaves
Seismic Considerations
When it comes to devastating natural disasters, earthquakes are high up on the list, but what
many people don’t realize is that much of the damage in earthquakes occurs largely due to
poorly constructed buildings and faulty infrastructure. Fortunately, there are many new
technologies and building methods that allow buildings to be increasingly ductile and able to
withstand severe seismic activity. Contrary to what the layperson might think, a structure’s
ability to flex and absorb vibration is just as important as how strong it is when it comes to
earthquake-proof design. One of the most popular seismic building methods is base isolation,
which is exactly what it sounds like — decoupling the base of a structure from the rest of the
building so that only the base shakes during an earthquake while the superstructure remains
intact. As with all seismic construction, expansion joints are deployed within, between, and
around structures to allow the building to move without damage during seismic activity.
Chances are you have never seen an expansion joint before, but hundreds of thousands of
people walk over them everyday without realizing it due to expansion joint covers. Expansion
joint covers are designed to provide a seamless look while concealing the gaps beneath the
floor’s surface. These covers allow the day-to-day movement of a structure’s thermal
expansion and contraction, but also allow much greater movement during seismic events.
Expansion joint covers are designed to remain intact during a seismic event, to allow egress
of the buildings’ occupants, and after a seismic event, to allow entry back into the building.
Above all, good seismic design not only helps a building be resilient, but protects occupant
life!
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Seismic testing can be used on components of buildings, model representations, and even
entire buildings at actual scale to determine their resilience in withstanding earthquakes. A
common way to test the seismic resilience of a design is to use a “Shake Table”. This is a
rectangular platform which is coupled to hydraulic motion actuators to shake the platform in
different ways and therefore, test structural models or building components with a wide range
of simulated ground motions, including reproductions of recorded earthquakes time-histories.
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sustainable design, sustainable commercial buildings, green design, disaster proof design,
long lasting design, emergency design, design for disasters, commercial buildings,
commercial architecture, design engineering, materials design, resilient materials, durable
building materials, cs, construction specialties, CS group, managing building design,
sustainable commercial buildings, wind resistant buildings, earthquake resistant buildings,
flood resistant buildings hurricane proof buildings Hurricane Sandy photo via NOAA
National Hurricane Center
Extreme Weather: Storms, Hurricanes, Flooding

As climate change brings rising sea levels and more extreme weather events, building
designers need to focus extra attention on the challenges of weather – especially hurricanes
and flooding. When designing commercial buildings in hurricane and flood prone areas,
special attention needs to be paid to designing to resist severe wind load, as well as heavy
precipitation, and ground-level flooding. Buildings in hurricane prone areas need to be very
well-sealed, as well as have adequate drainage solutions for roofs, terraces, basements, and

any other areas which may collect water. For mechanical rooms, where adequate ventilation
and outside air-intake is important, storm-resistant louvers are a good choice for maximizing
air intake while blocking wind and driving rain. They’re designed specifically to let air in and
keep wind and driven-rain out.
Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital in Boston, designed by Perkins + Will and awarded LEED
gold – you can see the mechanicals on the top floor of the building
Flood barrier walls are obvious solutions to the threat of flooding on the ground level, as well
as not locating emergency backup generators, or anything else important, in the basement. On
this note, smart building designers would do well to locate all important mechanicals on the
tops of buildings rather than in the basement, in flood-prone regions. As previously
mentioned, if New York City’s east river hospitals were built more resiliently, with important
mechanicals on top floors rather than basement, they would have fared far better during
Hurricane Sandy and not had to close operations and evacuate. The Spaulding Rehabilitation
Hospital in Boston, designed by Perkins + Will (and awarded LEED gold), is a great example
of what to do when it comes to the location of important mechanical systems. As you can see
from the above photo, the hospital’s mechanicals are housed in the top floor of the building,
so in the event of flooding or storm surges, the hospital is much less likely to lose power and
need to evacuate its patients.

Extreme Heat & Cold

The same types of passive design strategies that can be employed in homes to make them
super energy efficient and green, can also be used in commercial buildings to result in
everyday energy savings as well as life-saving natural heating and cooling options in a disaster
situation without access to electrical power (and therefore mechanical HVAC). For example,
if electricity is knocked out due to a flood or earthquake, or even if there is just a common
“blackout”, an all-glass office building can quickly become like an oven on a hot summer day,
potentially risking the health and lives of occupants inside. Proper insulation, natural
ventilation with operable windows, solar shading devices, and employing stack ventilation
can help buildings remain comfortable for inhabitants even when there is no mechanical
heating and cooling available
Sidwell Friends School, designed by Kieran Timberlake, employs multiple solar shading
devices throughout the facade, to block hot midday solar radiation
Implementing solar shading devices is critical – not only for the unlikely event of a power
outage or natural disaster, but also just to increase occupants comfort and to help to reduce
the energy and cooling costs of a building during normal year round use.

Cost
Construction Cost
 Total building Area 43,400 sq.m
P 4500 per square meter = P 195,300,000
 Total Site Area 86,800 square meter

 Site Clearing work P 40 per square meter = P3, 472, 000
 Total Building Construction Cost: P 198,772, 000
Land development Cost:
Total building cost x 30% = P 59,631,600
Furnishing and Equipment
5% Contingency
Total of overall Development Cost
Building construction = P 198,772, 000
Total land Development Cost = P 59,631,600
Total furnishing and equipment Cost = P 49,680,500
Professional Fee = P 15,901,760
5% contingency = P 9,936,100
Total Development Cost = P 333,871,960

RESOURCES REQUIREMENTS
Material
Manpower
1. Steel
2. Sand
3. Gravel
4. Grass
5. Aggregates
Equipment and machines
1. Bulldozers
2. Compactors
3. Motor graders
4. Transit mixer
5. Loader
SITE CONDITIONS
Location: CDCP San Simon, Pampanga
Land Area: 8.68 hectares

Total lot area: 86,800 Square meter.
Access: Mc Arthur Highway, NLEX tollgate.
Climate: Type I climate where there is a distinct dry and a wet season; wet from
June to November and dry the rest of the year.
Slope
Site = slopes ranging from less than 3 to 8%.
Soil Type: flat land and lowland
Surface water: Pampanga River
Land classification: 52% for residential, 14% for industrial and 29% for
agriculture.
Land use: Area for commercial Development
Infrastructures: Roads, Mc Arthur highway, Nlex tollgate bridge,

crossing/intersection roads.
Water: san simon water district.
Power: PELCO 3
Telecommunications: The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company

(PLDT) and Other internet services are provided through broadband by Smart,
Globe Telecom and Sun Cellular.
Environmental Impact Assessment:
1.0 Name and Address of the Project Proponent

2.0 Type of Project
3.0 Overview Summary
4.0 The Project Setting
5.0 The Project Proposal
6.0 A Brief History of Past Environmental Conditions and a Description of the

Existing Environmental and Resource Use
7.0 Future Environmental Conditions without the Project: Area for Urban
Expansion (Plan Unit Development)
8.0 Prediction and Assessment of Impacts
9.0 Contingency Plans
10.0 Environmental Briefings and Monitoring
11.0 Mitigation Measures
12.0 Residual/Unavoidable Impacts
13.0 Information deficiencies
14.0 Appendices
15.0 Consultation and Comments including Public Recommendations
3.4.2 Legal Viability
National Building Code of the Philippines

RULE VII - CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENTS OF ALL

BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY
Division D-1 = Institutional, where personal liberties of in-mates are restrained or quarters
of the rendering public assistance and maintaining peace and order
GI (GENERAL INSTITUTIONAL) = a community to national level of institutional use or

occupancy, characterized mainly as a low-rise, medium rise or high- rise building/ structure
for medical government service administrative and related activities, e.g., hospitals and related
health care facilities, government offices, military, police and correctional buildings and the
like.
Division D-2 = institutional building for health care.
Group D – Institutional (Government and Health Services)
GUIDELINES IN THE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL AND OTHER

HEALTH FACILITIES
A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to observe appropriate
architectural practices, to meet prescribed functional programs, and to conform to applicable
codes as part of normal professional practice. References shall be made to the following:
• P. D. 1096 – National Building Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
• P. D. 1185 – Fire Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations
• P. D. 856 – Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
• B. P. 344 – Accessibility Law and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations
• R. A. 1378 – National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations

• R. A. 184 – Philippine Electrical Code
• Manual on Technical Guidelines for Hospitals and Health Facilities Planning and Design.
Department of Health, Manila. 1994
• Signage Systems Manual for Hospitals and Offices. Department of Health, Manila. 1994
• Health Facilities Maintenance Manual. Department of Health, Manila. 1995
• Manual on Hospital Waste Management. Department of Health, Manila. 1997
• District Hospitals: Guidelines for Development. World Health Organization Regional

Publications, Western Pacific Series. 1992
• Guidelines for Construction and Equipment of Hospital and Medical Facilities. American
Institute of Architects, Committee on Architecture for Health. 1992
• De Chiara, Joseph. Time-Saver Standards for Building Types. McGraw-Hill Book

Company. 1980
1 Environment: A hospital and other health facilities shall be so located that it is readily
accessible to the community and reasonably free from undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor,
flood, and shall not be located adjacent to railroads, freight yards, children's playgrounds,
airports, industrial plants, disposal plants.
2.Occupancy: A building designed for other purpose shall not be converted into a hospital.
The location of a hospital shall comply with all local zoning ordinances.
3 Safety: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and maintain a safe environment
for patients, personnel and public. The building shall be of such construction so that no hazards
to the life and safety of patients, personnel and public exist. It shall be capable of withstanding
weight and elements to which they may be subjected.
3.1 Exits shall be restricted to the following types: door leading directly outside the building,
interior stair, ramp, and exterior stair.

3.2 A minimum of two (2) exits, remote from each other, shall be provided for each floor of
the building.
3.3 Exits shall terminate directly at an open space to the outside of the building.
4 Security: A hospital and other health facilities shall ensure the security of person and
property within the facility.
5 Patient Movement: Spaces shall be wide enough for free movement of patients, whether
they are on beds, stretchers, or wheelchairs. Circulation routes for transferring patients from
one area to another shall be available and free at all times.
5.1 Corridors for access by patient and equipment shall have a minimum width of 2.44 meters.
5.2 Corridors in areas not commonly used for bed, stretcher and equipment transport may be
reduced in width to 1.83 meters.
5.3 A ramp or elevator shall be provided for ancillary, clinical and nursing areas located on
the upper floor.
5.4 A ramp shall be provided as access to the entrance of the hospital not on the same level
of the site.
6 Lighting: All areas in a hospital and other health facilities shall be provided with sufficient
illumination to promote comfort, healing and recovery of patients and to enable personnel in
the performance of work.
7 Ventilation: Adequate ventilation shall be provided to ensure comfort of patients, personnel

and public.
8 Auditory and Visual Privacy: A hospital and other health facilities shall observe acceptable
sound level and adequate visual seclusion to achieve the acoustical and privacy requirements
in designated areas allowing the unhampered conduct of activities.

9 Water Supply: A hospital and other health facilities shall use an approved public water
supply system whenever available. The water supply shall be potable, safe for drinking and
adequate, and shall be brought into the building free of cross connections. 10 Waste Disposal:
Liquid waste shall be discharged into an approved public sewerage system whenever
available, and solid waste shall be collected, treated and disposed of in accordance with
applicable codes, laws or ordinances.
11 Sanitation: Utilities for the maintenance of sanitary system, including approved water
supply and sewerage system, shall be provided through the buildings and premises to ensure
a clean and healthy environment.
12 Housekeeping: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and maintain a healthy
and aesthetic environment for patients, personnel and public.
13 Maintenance: There shall be an effective building maintenance program in place. The

buildings and equipment shall be kept in a state of good repair. Proper maintenance shall be
provided to prevent untimely breakdown of buildings and equipment.
14 Material Specification: Floors, walls and ceilings shall be of sturdy materials that shall
allow durability, ease of cleaning and fire resistance.
15 Segregation: Wards shall observe segregation of sexes. Separate toilet shall be maintained
for patients and personnel, male and female, with a ratio of one (1) toilet for every eight (8)
patients or personnel.
16 Fire Protection: There shall be measures for detecting fire such as fire alarms in walls,
peepholes in doors or smoke detectors in ceilings. There shall be devices for quenching fire
such as fire extinguishers or fire hoses that are easily visible and accessible in strategic areas.
17 Signage. There shall be an effective graphic system composed of a number of individual

visual aids and devices arranged to provide information, orientation, direction, identification,

prohibition, warning and official notice considered essential to the optimum operation of a
hospital and other health facilities.
18 Parking. A hospital and other health facilities shall provide a minimum of one (1) parking
space for every twenty-five (25) beds.
19 Zoning: The different areas of a hospital shall be grouped according to zones as follows:
19.1 Outer Zone – areas that are immediately accessible to the public: emergency service,
outpatient service, and administrative service. They shall be located near the entrance of the
hospital.
19.2 Second Zone – areas that receive workload from the outer zone: laboratory, pharmacy,
and radiology. They shall be located near the outer zone.
19.3 Inner Zone – areas that provide nursing care and management of patients: nursing service.
They shall be located in private areas but accessible to guests.
19.4 Deep Zone – areas that require asepsis to perform the prescribed services: surgical
service, delivery service, nursery, and intensive care. They shall be segregated from the public
areas but accessible to the outer, second and inner zones.
19.5 Service Zone – areas that provide support to hospital activities: dietary service,
housekeeping service, maintenance and motor pool service, and mortuary. They shall be
located in areas away from normal traffic.
20 Function: The different areas of a hospital shall be functionally related with each other.
20.1 The emergency service shall be located in the ground floor to ensure immediate access.
A separate entrance to the emergency room shall be provided.
20.2 The administrative service, particularly admitting office and business office, shall be
located near the main entrance of the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be located
in private areas.
20.3 The surgical service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
operating room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to surgical
garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of patient movement.
20.4 The delivery service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
delivery room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis. The
dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to surgical
garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of patient movement.
The nursery shall be separate but immediately accessible from the delivery room.
20.5 The nursing service shall be segregated from public areas. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patients. Nurse stations shall be provided in all
inpatient units of the hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station for every thirty-five
(35) beds. Rooms and wards shall be of sufficient size to allow for work flow and patient
movement. Toilets shall be immediately accessible from rooms and wards.
20.6 The dietary service shall be away from morgue with at least 25-meter distance. 21 Space:
Adequate area shall be provided for the people, activity, furniture, equipment and utility


Notes:
1. 0.65/person – Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
2. 5.02/staff – Work area per staff that includes space for one (1) desk and one (1) chair, space
for occasional visitor, and space for aisle
3. 1.40/person – Unit area per person occupying the space at one time
4. 7.43/bed – Clear floor area per bed that includes space for one (1) bed, space for occasional
visitor, and space for passage of equipment
5. 1.08/stretcher – Clear floor area per stretcher that includes space for one (1) stretcher
Fire Resistance of Walls
Exterior walls shall have fire resistance and opening protection in accordance with the
requirements set forth by the Secretary. Projections beyond the exterior wall shall not exceed
beyond a point one-third the distance from an assumed vertical plane located where the fire-
resistive protection of openings is first required to the location on property whichever is the
least restrictive. Distance shall be measured at right angles from the property line. When
openings in exterior walls are required to be protected due to distance

from property line, the sum of the areas of such openings in any storey shall not exceed 50%
of the total area of the wall in that storey.
Building Footprint and Firewall Requirements
b. If without a firewall, the footprint of a proposed building/structure shall be measured

horizontally from the property line to the outermost faces of the exterior walls of the
building/structure; Provided, that the distance measured from the property line shall conform
with the applicable stipulations of this Rule and Rule VIII; The resultant area established at
grade level upon which the proposed building/structure may stand shall be the AMBF;
SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas
1. General. The Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA) of any proposed
building/structure shall only be as allowed under this Rule.
Allowable Maximum Total Gross Floor Area (TGFA)*by Type/ Location of Lot
SECTION 706. Allowable Floor Area Increases
The floor areas hereinabove provided may be increased in certain specific instances and under
appropriate conditions, based on the existence of public space, streets or yards extending along
and adjoining two or more sides of the building or structure subject to the approval of the
Building Official.
SECTION 707. Maximum Height of Buildings
1. The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building

shall be dependent upon the character of use or occupancy and the
type of construction, considering end- user population density, light
and ventilation, width of RROW/streets particularly of its
roadway/carriageway component, building bulk, off-street cum off-
site parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan
and zoning regulations as well as other environmental
considerations, e.g., geological, hydrological, meteorological,
topographical, prevailing traffic conditions, the availability and
capacity of public utility/service systems, etc.
2. Determination of Building Height:
Floor-Lot Area Ratio (FLAR)
Institutional is 2.5
RULE VIII - LIGHT AND VENTILATION
SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation
1. Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light and
View, and to the specific provisions of the Code, every building shall be designed,
constructed, and equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation. (Refer to Guidelines on
Easements, View Corridors/Sight Lines and Basements at the end of this Rule)
2. All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly
approved. (Refer to Guidelines on Streets/RROW and Sidewalks at the end of this Rule)
3. No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the relative
area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Rule, or to create an
additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of this Rule.
SECTION 802. Measurement of Site Occupancy
1. The measurement of site occupancy or lot occupancy shall be taken

at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards, and light
wells.
2.
SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy
1. The measurement of the percentage (%) of site occupancy (or lot occupancy) shall be taken
at the ground level and shall be exclusive of courts, yards and light wells. Courts, yards, and
light wells shall be measured clear of all projections from the walls enclosing such wells or
yards with the exception of roof leaders, wall copings, sills, or steel fire escapes not exceeding
1.20 meters in width.
2. In case of proposed additional construction on a lot on which another building/structure

already stands, the Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO) arising out of such existing
buildings/structures must be included in the computation of the PSO for the Total Lot Area
(TLA). In case of discrepancy between the specified Maximum Allowable PSO and the other
light and ventilation provisions under this Rule, the resulting lesser building/structure
footprint or gross floor area at the ground floor (or at grade level) must prevail.
3.4.3 FINANCIAL VIABILITY AND MARKETING VIABILITY
Sources of funds
This project is funded by Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) and
Department of Health (DOH).
3.4.4 DESIGN PROPOSAL
Green building (also known as green construction or sustainable building) refers to both a
structure and the using of processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-
efficient throughout a building's life-cycle: from siting to design, construction, operation,
maintenance, renovation, and demolition. In other words, green building design involves
finding the balance between homebuilding and the sustainable environment.
As hospital projects to continue to grow and remain on a steady uptrend, health administrators
are increasingly looking to introduce green initiatives and environment-friendly practices into
the design, building and management of healthcare facilities. This shift to sustainable
healthcare facilities is primarily centered on reducing the carbon footprint of hospitals and the

incorporation of modern “Green Building” design elements into the healthcare environment
to improve patient care and allow hospital occupants to feel more at ease.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE concept the aesthetically, durability and its use will be
maximize by its potential while preserving the classic Philippine architectural characters such
as the influences of the conquerors. Wood & Stone materials and green architecture has been
its prime architectural character.
3.4.5 DEVELOPMENTAL CONTROL AND COMPUTATIONS
Total Lot Area (TLA)
SITE: 86,800 SQ.M
Allowable Maximum Building Footprint (AMBF1) AMBF1 TLA x PSO
86,800 SQ.M x 50% = 43,400 sq.m
AMBF2
Setback:
Front – 8m, Side- 3m, Rear- 3m
43,400 sq.m
Percentage of Site Occupancy (PSO)
AMBF1/TLAx100 = 43,400/86,800 x 100 = 50%
Impervious Surface Area (ISA)
TLA x 20% = 86,800 SQ.M x 20% = 17,360sq.m
Maximum Allowable Construction Area (MACA)
PSO+ISA

=50% (TLA) + ISA
= 43,400+ 17,360 = 60,760sq.m
Minimum Unpaved Surface Area (USA)
TLA x 30% = 86,800 SQ.M x 30% = 26,040 SQ.M
Open Space within Lot (TOSL)
USA + ISA
17,360sq.m +26,040 sq.m = 43,400 sq.m

CHAPTER 4
PROGRAMMING

4.1 BEHAVIOURAL ANALYSIS
USER’S PROFILE
3. Target users- Citizen
Citizen’s characteristics
 It is accessible and easily to locate.

 Continue to implement operational periods, update incident objectives and incident
action plan.
 Like proper and organize area to locate.
2. Target Users- Evacuees
Evacuees characteristics
 Secure and seal shelter areas

 Providing a quick and service for the people.
 To provide equipment’s to save people in case of calamities.
 Be alert for 24/7
 Conduct safe and rapid action for evacuees
3. Target Users- Patient
Patient characteristics.
 Provide for the safety of patients, staff, visitors and families

 Provide for patient care and management.
 Conduct safe and rapid action for patient
 Provide patient information as appropriate

HOSPITAL PATIENT
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
ADMIN PATIENT
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

OUTPATIENT DIVISION PATIENT

BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
EMERGENCY
RECEPTION PATIENT
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
DIAGNOSTIC SERVICES
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
RADIOLOGY DIVISION
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

THERAPEUTIC
SERVICES
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
INTERNAL MEDICAL
TREATMENT
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

BEHAVIORAL PATTERN
GENERAL STORAGE
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

CENTRAL
STERILIZATION
DIVISION
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

EVACUATION CENTER
BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

RESCUE AND TRAINING

CENTER BEHAVIORAL PATTERN

4.2 INTERRELATIONSHIP ANALYSIS

To further understand the space adjacency and inter-connections, bubble diagram is
provided by the proponents so that readers could be easily see the space interconnections by
using arrow grips as a connector between the circles with designated colours that represents
the spaces. The legends use for the bubble diagram to indicate the intensity of space
connections and the zoning classifications of the spaces are the following:
MAJOR MATRIX (WHOLE SITE)

HOSPITAL

EVACUATION CENTER

RESCUE AND TRAINING CENTER




GUIDELINES IN THE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL AND OTHER

HEALTH FACILITIES

Spaces in Evacuation Center
Office 16 sq.m
Shelter 1,500 sq.m
Community Kitchen 30 sq.m
Health Station 40 sq.m
Child Friendly Spaces 30 sq.m
Couple Room 20 sq.m
Toilet and bath 30 sq.m
Storage 4 sq.m
Laundry Space 60 sq.m

CHAPTER 5:
SYNTHESIS

5.1DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
“Architecture is supposed to complete nature. Great architecture makes nature more

beautiful- it gives power.”
-Claudio Silverstrin
Designer of Museum of Contemporary Art- Fondazione Sandretto Re Rebaudengo, Turin,

Italy 2002
“As an architect you design for the present, with an awareness of the past, for a
future which is essentially unknown.”
-Norman Foster
Green architecture advocator and designer of 30 St Mary Axe in London and Hearst Tower
The world is constantly changing and it’s a fact that today isn’t the same as
yesterday. We still don’t know what future waits. The imbalance in our atmosphere means a
big problem for guaranteeing a healthy future. The proponents tackled relevant issues about
climate change and its cause and effect to the environment and designing a sustainable
building that can cope with climate change will make a difference. One of the statements is
about nature of architecture lies in the beyond and the respective architectural images are
significant parts of the construction of the universe. On planet Earth these are being built by
priest-architects acting as mediums, and they have always existed.
The next quote means a sustainability of design; means meeting the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.
Sustainable architecture will often use terms like green buildings to classify a project as
being sustainable, especially on the environmental aspect.

5.2 DESIGN GOALS AND OBJECTIVES
 To provide structures that will cater the needs of individuals and families in case of
emergencies and disaster.
 To provide a building for imparting training in disaster prevention, mitigation,
preparedness, relief and rehabilitation
 To provide a medical center to play critical role in the times of emergency and
disasters. It is imperative that they remain structurally sound and fully operational at
such time.
 To provide appropriate landscaping designs and features.
5.3 DESIGN CONCEPT
As An Architect, privacy and space are the most important things to consider and realized
that: “how can I help an individual to recover from any circumstances?" That is the only
way to design with presence of mine, care and consciousness.
Holistic Design
Holistic design is a design approach which sees a design as an interconnected whole that is
part of the larger world. It goes beyond problem solving to incorporate all aspects of the
ecosystem in which a product is used. The focus of holistic design is context dependent; it
considers aesthetics, sustainability and spiritually.
Resilient Design
Resilience is the ability of a substance or object to spring back into shape after suffering a
trauma. It’s about elasticity, an innate quality of adaptability and the connection to
architecture is twofold. First, resilience means designing adaptable structures that can
“learn” from their environments and sustain life, even in the face of disaster. Second,
resilience means architects can learn from their buildings and deploy evermore-refined
designs. Third, resilience means involving people directly in the design and creation of
strong and inclusive cities.

5.4 DESIGN INSPIRATION
Beyond Architecture
Architects have always coordinated a variety of disciplines in order to create one holistic
experience.
What’s happening in our Era is even more interesting. The question is no longer simply
how architects build a space or structure and where to place a screen or digital surface.
Architects have to think in terms of an overall story – not just structure – and technology
is playing an increasingly crucial role in disrupting architecture’s traditional
methodologies. This often forces environmental designers to think more like film directors
than like architects.
Marvel’s The Avengers project S.H.I.E.L.D
The Avengers, is a 2012 American superhero film based on the marvel Comics superhero
team of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios
motion Pictures. The film received praise for whesdon’s direction and screenplay, visual
effects, action sequences, acting, and musical score and garnered numerous awards and
BAFTA nominations for achieving in visual effects. The futuristic of the movie was inspired
us to design a project that makes beyond on architecture.
Sustainable Building Design
Sustainable building design is the philosophy of designing physical objects, the built
environment, and services to comply with the principles of social, economic, and ecological
sustainability. The intention of sustainable design is to eliminate negative environmental
impact completely through skillful, sensitive design. Manifestations of sustainable design
requires no non-renewable resources, impact the environment minimally, and connect people
with the natural environment.
Sustainable design principles include the ability to:
 Optimize site potential;

 Minimize non-renewable energy consumption;

 Use environmentally preferable products;
 Protect and conserve water;
 Enhance indoor environment quality; and
 Optimize operational and maintenance practices.
5.5DESIGN PARAMETERS


Laws/Rules and Regulations

PD 856 (Sanitation Code of the Philippines)
This code is considered in studying the location of the development proposals having impact
on health and sanitation.
Republic Act No. 9514 FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
It is the policy of the State to ensure public safety, promote economic development through
the prevention and suppression of all kinds, of destructive fires and promote the
professionalization of the fire service as a profession. Towards this end, the state shall
enforce all laws rules and regulations to ensure adherence to standard fire prevention and
safety measures and promote accountability in the protection and prevention service.
Republic Act 7920, Philippine Electrical Engineering Law
All electrical system, equipment and installations mentioned on the Code shall conform to
the provisions of the Philippine Electrical Code Part 1 (PEC-1) and Part 2 (PEC-2).
P.D. 1096 – National Building Code of the Philippines and its implementing Rules and
Regulation.
B.P. 344 - Accessibility Law and its implementing Rules and Regulations.
R.A. 1378 – National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and its implementing Rules and
Regulations
Design Guidelines
For Land/Site Sustainability
Inclusion of a Construction Activity Control Pollution Prevention System

which provides for an erosion, sedimentation and air pollution control plan to prevent erosion
due to storm water and construction water run-off, sedimentation of receiving watercourse
and air pollution due to dust and particulate matter.
-For site selection:
The Construction Plan should include a flood mitigation study or reference,

to show that the building project will not sustain any damage from floods due to extreme
weather disturbances.

-For transportation involving Bike Racks on parking lots:
Provision of bicycles and attendant storage cabinets on parking lots and a

listing of identified 10 basic services.
-For transportation involving provisions of adequate parking capacity:
The parking plan and layout should not exceed the minimum requirement
prescribe by the National Building Code.
-For greenery involving open space (Landscape):
The provision of a Plan and layout showing landscapes in open spaces, as

required by applicable laws.
-For storm water management:
Inclusion in the plan of a system that manages volume of rainwater as a

measure to control run off during building operation, maintain safe working conditions and
minimizes clogging, flooding, and degradation of the environment.
For Energy Efficiency
Inclusion of an Energy Efficiency Plan, which provides for efficiency

lighting fixtures to areas, maintaining proper illumination levels such that percentage
improvement in the total power consumption is 50% or more.
-For natural ventilation:
An architectural plan showing the units/rooms with highlighted window

openings on the north south direction, to obtain good natural ventilation.
For Water Efficiency

Use of Water Use Reduction System Involving Water Efficient Fixture

which provides at least 50% of the total requirements for every type of sanitary/plumbing
fixtures installed.
For Materials and Resources
Inclusion of a Waste Management Plan which provides for the installation,

operation and materials segregation facility after the building is completed; strict observance
of Construction Waste Management practices during the erection of the building.
-For construction waste management:
A plan on how the contractor will implement an environment-friendly

program for the treatment of construction waste, either by recycling, disposition of hazardous
construction, or demolition of debris by identifying the materials to be diverted from disposal
and weather the materials will be sorted on site or co-mingled.
For Indoor Environment Quality
Inclusion of a Designated Smoking Area in the building layout.
For Sewage Treatment Plan
Inclusion of a Sewage Treatment Plant that complies with the operation and
maintenance of effluent discharge quality, as prescribe in Section 12.1 of the Green Building
IRR.

BOOK SHIELD Final

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Project S.H.I.E.L.

D: A Medical and Evacuation 1

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

The province is divided into 4 Congressional Districts. It is composed of 19 municipalities, 3

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

 Lack of current emergency facility in the province.

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.1.3ARCHITECTURAL THESIS GOAL\OBJECTIVES\STRATEGIES

1.1.3 A. ARCHITECTURAL THESIS GOAL

from the destructive elements of nature.

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

b) Adequate space planning and consideration will be observed.

c) Safe, economic and eco-friendly building materials will be incorporated in the

2. To provide a building for imparting training in disaster prevention, mitigation,

a) Conduct safe and rapid evacuation.

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.1.4 SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

1.1.4 A. SCOPE OF THE STUDY

SMART BUILDINGS; Responds to the needs for security, energy, efficiency,

GREEN BUILDING DESIGN; to ensure efficient use of materials, water, energy

BEYOND ARCHITECTURE; strive to create a feeling of wonder and WOW!

1.1.5 PURPOSE / RELEVANCE / SIGNIFANCE OF THE STUDY

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONCEPTS

"Adaptation" - the adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected

"Capacity" - a combination of all strengths and resources available within a community,

"Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and Management" or "CBDRRM" - a

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

BEYOND ARCHITECTURE; It demonstrates how notonly architects and designers but

1.2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES.

1. PAMPANGA IS PH’S BEST IN DISASTER RISK REDUCTION

CITY OF SAN FERNANDO—The Pampanga Disaster Risk Reduction Council (PDRRMC)

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

It has organized a wide network for information dissemination in disaster preparedness,

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

2. Pampanga PDRRMO hosts Multi-Hazard Disaster Summit

CITY OF SAN FERNANDO, Pampanga, July 29 (PIA) -- The provincial government of

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

3. TRC MEXICO PAMPANGA

The process was have three building consist of

hospital, evacuation and Rehabilitation center.

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

1.3 THEORETICAL / CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

WHY HOLISTIC DESIGN?

BENEFITS OF HOLISTIC DESIGN

WHY BUILD GREEN?

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

BENEFITS OF BUILDING GREEN

HOW TO BUILD GREEN?

Careful sites selection is important to minimize human impact on the surrounding

1.5 METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCH

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

Q: Is it possible to build the Hospital and evacuation in one site?

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

In Bureau of Fire Protection

According to SF03. RODOLFO M. PINEDA

Ans: Yes, of course.

DANTES - JAVIER - RIVERA

Other Government Agencies data gathered