Steel Structure Fabrication:

Material Advance Cutting & Preparation for Fabrication:

Project Spec structural steel fabrication carried out in shop or at the construction site. our fabrication of
steelwork carried out in shops or site is precise and of assured quality, whereas field fabrication is
comparatively of inferior in quality

Structural steel passes through various operations during fabrication.

 Surface cleaning of incoming steel.

 Cutting and machining of steel.
 Punching and drilling of fabrication members.
 Straightening, bending and rolling of fabrication members.
Project Spec is one of a leading steel fabrication & erection company in India; we have a sweet relation with
Indian Steel Manufacture, this helps we procure qualitative steel in short time, we deliver our qualitative
product in time frame this create long term relationships with our clients and partners based on trust and
results. with a strong reputation for integrity, reliability, and excellent quality, Project Spec is becoming a
leader in the Indian steel fabrication and erection industry.

Structural Material Identification for Fabrication:

Structural Material Identification means the ability to determine that the specified material grade and size
are being used. Structural steel is a category of steel used for making construction materials in a variety of
shapes. Structural steel shapes take the form of an elongated beam having a profile of a specific cross
section. structural steel shapes, sizes, chemical composition, mechanical properties such as strengths,
storage practices, etc., Avoid mixing steel grades where possible and rationalise the range of section sizes /
tonnages used in order to minimise cost, lead times and factory handling. Project Spec structural shop have
a standard storage practise & our Engineer and Fabrication team well aware regarding steel products,
tolerances and punch marking abbreviations, this helps right material for job.
Project Spec Engineers sound knowledge in heat number of steels, chemical content and mechanical
properties, and the acceptance criteria evaluations with code and standards, maintain recorded on IMIR,
which is provides detail information records of the client or consultant.
Our skilled steel fabricators are maintaining proper heat number and material code number transfer on
connecting elements and similar fittings are too small to accommodate the marks to identify the piece from
which they were cut. Additionally, such items are commonly made from stock materials with marks that may
have inadvertently been abraded or lost during storage.

Structural Drawing Detailing, Planning & Procurement:

Project Spec coordinate with global steel design and engineering services for your project and we design and
deliver a suitable drawing for your need, Project Spec specialising in fabricating steel structures and
components for medium to large projects for commercial, industrial and public infrastructure.
Our long-established workforce of qualified tradesmen prides themselves in producing quality work. We also
have a dedicated management team who operates on a can-do principle to deliver projects on time to meet
the needs of our vibrant building industry.

Surface cleaning of incoming steel:

Project Spec have the standard practice to surface clean steel structural sections from the rolling mills
before fabrication, we clean by using blast cleaning outer surface preparation of steel.
We have 2 No’s of auto blast cleaning facility this helps quicker and safer blasting.
Cutting and machining of steel:
Marking Cutting of steel sections as per drawing was the first step of fabrication it required high attention
and we starts our quality form here, we done by Shearing and cropping, Oxy fuel Flame Cutting, Arc Plasma
Cutting and Cold Sawing as per requirement
We have 5 No’s of Shearing and cropping units, 50 No’s of Oxy Fuel cutting Systems, 5 No’s of Arc Plasma
cutting, 10 No’s of cuttings saws and 10 No’s of Wheel type Cutting machines.

Punching and Drilling

Our fabrication shop has manually radial drill, portable drilling units and also advanced drilling units, we
installed NC (Numerically Controlled) drilling tooling units, which registers and drills in response to keyed in
data. These can drill many holes in flanges and webs of rolled steel sections simultaneously. It is also
possible to punch holes, and this is particularly useful where square holes are specified such as anchor
plates for foundation bolts. While this method is faster compared to drilling, punching creates distortion and
material strain hardening around the holes, which increase with material thickness. Its use is currently
restricted to smaller thickness plates. In order to reduce the effect of strain hardening and the consequent
reduction in ductility of material around punched holes, smaller size (2 mm to4 mm lesser than final size)
holes are punched and subsequently reamed to the desired size.

Straightening, Bending and Rolling

Rolled steel may get distorted after rolling due to cooling process. Further during transportation and
handling operations, materials may bend or may even undergo distortion. and also occur during punching
operation.
Therefore, before attempting fabrication the material should be straightened. In current practice, either
rolls or gag presses are used to straighten structural shapes.
We use gas heating press is generally used for straightening beams, channels, angles, and heavy bars.
machine press has a horizontal plunger or ram that applies pressure at points along the bend to bring it into
alignment. Long plates, which are cambered out of alignment longitudinally, are frequently straightened by
rollers. They are passed through a series of rollers that bend them back and forth with progressively
diminishing deformation.

Structural Fit-up & Welding.

Project Spec structural steel fabrication unit / site, our project engineer and fabricator layout the design and
gather’s necessary data from planning and starts fabrication of structure as per drawing.

Structural Fabrication passes through various operations during fabrication.

 Drawing Layout as per drawing.

 Component’s Assembly as per drawing.
 Tack weld of Assembly Parts.
 Dimension Check-up Inspection.
 Weld Distortion Control Supports providing
 Welding of Structure fabrication components.

We are using below welding process for our structural fabrication

 Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

 Submerged-Arc welding (SAW)
 Metal-Active Gas welding (MAG)
 Stud welding
Structural Weld Visual & NDT Activity
Project Spec Inspection Service inspectors have latest weld visual inspection tools, i.e. weld borescopes,
weld measuring gauzes, and inspection mirror & light system, our inspectors are specialised in weld and
material defect inspection.
Project Spec structural steel fabrication unit / site, has own NDT facility which helps quick service and
evaluation of defects.

Weld Visual & NDT Equipment’s uses for Weld Visual & NDT Inspection.

 Borescope.
 Weld Gauzes.
 NDT- DP Kit
 NDT- Magnetic Particle Kit
 NDT- UT Machine Testing Setup.

Blasting & Painting:

Final Activity in Fabrication component was blast cleaning and painting, Blast cleaning is the accepted way of
carrying out surface preparation in a well-run fabrication shop. Abrasive particles are projected on to the
surface of the steel at highspeed by either compressed air or centrifugal impeller to remove rust and
roughen the surface before applying the coating. By using shot or slag grits, both of which have an angular
profile, surface oxides are removed and a rougher surface is obtained to provide an adequate key for metal
spraying or special paint.
Depending upon the increase in the quality of the cleaned surface, the blast cleaning is categorised into
Grade – Sa2, Grade –Sa2½ and Grade Sa- 3.
We have 10 No’s of Shot blasting units in our fabrication unit.
Various techniques for improvement of soil
condition?

Existence of unsuitable soil for supporting structures in construction sites, lack of space and economic
motivation are primary main reasons for using soil improvement techniques with poor subgrade soil
conditions rather than deep foundation. Several methods are commonly used to reduce the post construction
settlement, enhance the shear strength of the soil system, increase the bearing capacity of the soil and
improve the stability of dams and embankments.
Stated that soil improvement techniques can be divided into four main categories:
• Soil improvement without admixtures (Soil replacement, Preloading, Sand drains, Vertical drains)
• Soil improvement with admixtures or inclusions (Stone columns, Sand compaction piles)
• Soil improvement using stabilization with additives and grouting methods (Chemical stabilization, Deep
mixing, Jet grouting)
• Soil improvement using thermal methods (Heating, Freezing)

SOIL IMPROVEMENT WITHOUT ADMIXTURES:

This category of soil improvement is widely and commonly used. It can be executed using many techniques
including removal and replacement, pre compression, vertical drains and soil reinforcement.
SOIL REPLACEMENT:
Soil replacement is one of the oldest and simplest methods which improve the bearing soil conditions. The
foundation condition can be improved by replacing poor soil (e.g. organic soils and medium or soft clay) with
more competent materials such as sand, gravel or crushed stone as well, nearly any soil can be used in fills.
However, some soils are more difficult to compact than others when used as a replacement layer.
The use of replacement soil under shallow foundation can reduce consolidation settlement and increase soil
bearing capacity. It has some advantages over other techniques and deep foundation as it is more economical
and requires less delay to construction.
PRE-COMPRESSION OR PRELOADING:
Pre compression or preloading technique is simply to place a surcharge fill on the top of the soil that requires
large consolidation settlement to take place before construction of the structure. Once sufficient
consolidation has occurred, the fill can be removed and construction process takes place. In general, this
technique is adequate and most effective in clayey soil. Since clayey soils have low permeability, the desired
consolidation takes very long time to occur, even with very high surcharge load. Therefore, with tight
construction schedules, preloading may not be a feasible solution. Hence, sand or vertical drains may be used
to accelerate consolidation process by reducing the drainage paths length.
 Soil improvement by preloading

VERTICAL DRAINS:
Vertical drains is a unique technique in which the drains are installed under a surcharge load to accelerate the
drainage of relatively impervious soils and thus speed up consolidation. The drains provide a shorter path for
the water to flow through to get away from the soil. So, time to drain clay layers can be reduced from many
years to a few months. The common types of vertical drains are sand drains and prefabricated vertical drains.