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Ernest Rutherford studied radiations emitted from uranium and named them alpha and beta particles. He estimated the size of atoms and concluded that mass was concentrated in the nucleus. Using alpha particles, he probed gold foil and established that the nucleus was very dense, very small, and positively charged. He also assumed electrons were located outside the nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford studied radiations emitted from uranium and named them alpha and beta particles. He estimated the size of atoms and concluded that mass was concentrated in the nucleus. Using alpha particles, he probed gold foil and established that the nucleus was very dense, very small, and positively charged. He also assumed electrons were located outside the nucleus.
Ernest Rutherford studied radiations emitted from uranium and named them alpha and beta particles. He estimated the size of atoms and concluded that mass was concentrated in the nucleus. Using alpha particles, he probed gold foil and established that the nucleus was very dense, very small, and positively charged. He also assumed electrons were located outside the nucleus.
uranium and named them alpha and beta. He estimated atom size and concluded mass was concentrated in the nucleus. Using alpha particles as atomic bullets, probed the atoms in a piece of thin (0.00006m) gold foil. He established that nucleus was: very dense, very small and Timeli positively charged. He also assumed
ne that the electrons were located outside the nucleus.
Democritus (Greek Era)
Alchemy was based on the “by convention bitter, by known for Coulomb’s law, which belief that there are four basic convention sweet, but in reality states that the force between two elements in nature: air, fire, atoms and void. electrical charges is proportional water and earth. to the product of the charges and Democritus (Greek Era) inversely proportional to the Alchemists (500BC) square of the distance between them. Charles- Augustin De Coulomb Proposed on “atomic theory” (1736-1806) He discovered the role of oxygen with spherical solid atoms play sin combustion. He based upon measurable recognized and named Oxygen properties of mass. (1778) and Hydrogen (1783). Used CRT to determine the Studied the effect of electricity He helped in constructing the charge to mass ratio (e/m) of on solutions, coined term metric system, wrote the first an electron = 1.759x10 8 “electrolysis” as a splitting of extensive lists of elements and coulombs/ gram. molecules with electricity help to reform chemical Studied “canal rays” and found nomenclature. John Dalton (1803) they were associated with the proton(H+). Antoine Lavoisier (1772-1794) J.J Thompson (1897)
Studied uranium and thorium
Discovered cathode rays had the and called their spontaneous following properties: travel in decay process “radioactivity”. She and her husband Pierre Used the idea of quanta (discrete straight lines from the cathode; units of energy) to explain hot cause glass to fluoresce; impart a also discovered the radioactive elements polonium and radium. glowing matter. negative charge to objects the strike; are deflected by electric Max Planck (1900) fields and magnets to suggest a Marie Sklodowska Curie negative charge; cause pinwheels (1898) in their path to spin indicating they have mass. Developed an explanation of Sir William Crookes (1879) Oil drop experiment atomic structure that underlies determined the charge (e= regularities of the periodic 1.602 x 10-19 coulomb) and the table of elements. mass (m= 9.11 x 10-28 gram) of His atomic model had atoms an electron. build up of successive orbital published the famous equation shells of electrons. E=mc 2 Robert Millikan (1907) Niels Bohr (1922) Albert Einstein (1905)
viewed electrons as continuous
clouds and introduced “wave mechanics” as a mathematical model of the atom.