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A new classification of post and core

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Anil Chandra S Vijay Singh

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Indian Journal Of Restorative Dentistry,Sept-Dec2015;4(3):56-58.

ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

A new classification of post and core
S Vijay Singh1, Anil Chandra2 , I K Pandit3

1
Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and endodontics, D.A.V Dental College and
Hospital, Yamunanagar, 2Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, King George’s
Dental University, Lucknow, 3 Professor and Head, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry,
D.A.V Dental College and Hospital, Yamunanagar. Corresponding author: Dr. S. Vijay Singh, Professor
and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and endodontics, D.A.V Dental College and Hospital,
Yamunanagar-135003, Haryana. Mob-09416022630. E-mail- drvijay.endo@gmail.com.
Abstract
field with regard to functional and esthetic
Introduction: Post is commonly used to provide problems. Despite the large number of in-vitro
adequate support and retention for the restoration of and in-vivo investigations, there is still much
endodontically treated teeth. Various classifications confusion regarding ideal treatment (1).
Restoration of endodontically treated teeth
of post and core were given in the past. However
required knowledge of material science, defect
classification needs to be updated because of analysis, force analysis, and mechanical
availability of newer post and core material in the engineering principles of preparation and designs
market. Materials and Methods: Electronic search (2). Trauma and decay are mostly associated with
on Pub Med and hand search were performed to an extensive loss of tooth structure, necessitating
identify relevant literature and were thoroughly restoration of the tooth with a complete crown for
screened before the articles were included in the esthetic and functional rehabilitation. It is
impossible to achieve sufficient anchorage of a
study. Based upon the search, various classifications
restoration in the remaining dentin when a large
related to post and core have been given by many portion of the crown has been lost to damage. In
authors, however, it was observed that certain aspect such situations, post and core restorations are
of the classification of post and core were not required for additional retention (3,4). “Post and
updated. Therefore, the manuscript is an attempt to core as an single unit or in combination of the
emphasise the need to develop a new classification individual units is a restorative procedure wherein
system for post and core. Conclusion: The new a post can be defined as a rigid extension placed
in the root canal space of an endodontically
classification on post and core has been proposed by treated tooth so as to provide retention and
the authors. The new classification aims at better stabilize a weakened tooth by providing support
understanding of post and core and can be a valuable to the core and a core can be defined as a
tool for clinician and researcher. restorative material used for replacement
Keywords foundation of extensively damaged
classification, core, post. endodontically treated tooth, that is built up on the
Source of support: Nil remaining tooth structure or is in-cooperated into
the post to provide an anchorage to the crown
Conflict of interest: None
meant for final restoration” (5). Following in the
How to cite this article: Singh SV, Chandra A, wake of changing treatment concepts, the material
Pandit IK. A new classification of post and core. market for posts has undergone a complete
Ind J Rest Dent 2015;4(3):56-58. makeover. Ranging from the era of wooden posts
to metal posts and more recently, carbon fiber,
glass fiber, and ceramic posts, the material and
Introduction
design options are infinite. For nearly a century,
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth has
the cast metal or prefabricated metal posts have
always been an area of concern and the recent
dominated the market. In the last few years there
past has witnessed an implosion of interest in the
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Indian Journal Of Restorative Dentistry,Sept-Dec2015;4(3):56-58.
has been an implosion of new materials, changing 2. Multiple Post
the trend toward prefabricated metal posts, resin- a. One Piece Post
based composite cores, fiber reinforced resin- b. Two Piece Post
based composite posts and ceramic posts (1). The  Two piece cast post
introduction of direct post and core restorations,  Combination of cast post
associated techniques and materials have also and prefabricated post
improved significantly with advancement taking B. Classification of Prefabricated Post
place in the field of dentistry. However, the I. According to Taper
classification of post and core is not updated with 1. Parallel
the recent trend and there are still certain revision 2. Tapered
required as the present classification given is 3. Parallel Tapered
incomplete. In view of the above facts, there is a II. According to surface character
need of a new classification system that is more 1. Smooth
comprehensive and uncomplicated. 2. Serrated
Material and methods 3. Self threading
A literature survey was performed of the database III. According to fit
of Pub Med to identify all the articles published 1. Active
using the following key words: ‘classification of 2. Pasive
post core restoration in endodontics’ (Titles IV. According to material
selected = 36). Hand search was also performed to 1. Metallic
review the articles on ‘classification of post core i) Titanium
restoration in endodontics’. The selection criteria ii) Stainless steel
were limited to articles in English; the articles not iii) Brass
in English were excluded from the study. Titles, 2. Non-Metallic*
abstracts and full text of all the articles were i) Non-Esthetic
analyzed by two examiners for the meta-analysis a. Carbon fibre post
portion. On the basis of the search various ii) Esthetic Post
classification were given by many researcher. a. Polyethelene fibre
Classification based on preformed and custom b. Glass fibre
cast, metallic and non-metallic, stiff and flexible, c. Quartz
esthetic and unaesthetic, were commonly used. d. Ceramic
However with advancement many further V. According to light transmission
classifications have been introduced.(6-11) 1. Light transmitting
 According to various authors 2. Non-Light transmitting
 According to the technique of fabrication VI. According to Vent
 According to the fit of the post 1. With Vent
 According to the material used 2. Without Vent
 According to the type of esthetic post VII. According to Monoblock
However, each of the above classifications of post formation
and core is not complete and updated with the 1. Monobloc formation
recent trend and there are still certain changes 2. No Monobloc formation
required. In view of the above facts a new *CAN BE CLASSIFIED UNDER ESTHETIC
classification has been given on the evidence of POST
the present literature that is more comprehensive, Conclusion
easy and uncomplicated. The new classification on post and core has been
Proposed Classification of Post and Core proposed on the evidence present in the recent
A. Classification of Cast Post: literature. The classification is simple to
I. According to type of alloy. understand, comprehensive and uncomplicated
1. Gold alloy and can be a good tool for the clinician and
2. Chrome-Cobalt alloy researchers.
3. Nickel-Chromium alloy References
II. According to number of Post.
1. Single Post

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Indian Journal Of Restorative Dentistry,Sept-Dec2015;4(3):56-58.
1. J. William Robbins. Restoration of the
endodontically treated tooth. Dent Clin N Am
46 2002; 367–384.
2. Chalifoux PR. Restoration of endodntically
treated teeth: review, classification and post
design. Pract Periodont Aesthet Dent
1998;10(2): 247-254.
3. Weine FS. Endodontic therapy. 4th ed. St.
Louis: Mosby; 1996.Page no.653-697
4. Alves J, Walton R, Drake D. Coronal leakage:
endotoxin penetration from mixed bacterial
communities through obturated, post-repaired
root canals. J Endod 1998;24(9):587–9.
5. Singh SV. Redefining Post and Core.
Impression 2015: 14(2).862
6. Kenneth M. Hargreaves, Steven Cohen;
Pathways of the Pulp. 9th edition.
7. Goodacre CJ, Baba NZ. Restoration of
endodontically treated teeth. In: Ingle JI,
Bakland LK, Baumgartner JC, editors.
Endodontics. 6th ed. India: BC Decker; 2008:
p. 880 – 920.
8. Shillingburg HT, Kessler JC. Restoration of
the endodontically treated tooth. Chicago:
Quintessence, 1982.
9. Endodontic therapy- Weine 4th edition
10. Dallari, A. and Rovatti, L. Six Years of in
vitro / in vivo Experience with Composipost.
Compendium. 17: S57-S64, 1996:8
11.Singh SV, Chandra A. Need of a new
classification for post and core failure. Dent
Hypotheses 2015;6:141-5.

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