GU-QUESTION BANK

Format No. GU/SCME/M/44

Date 04th Jan 2019

Plot No.2, Sector 17-A, Yamuna Expressway, Total Pages

GautamBuddh Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar
Pradesh- 201310
Question Bank for the Units – II

VIth Semester (Winter Session) – B.Tech.

School of Mechanical Engineering

MEE-322 Turbo machinery

Course Coordinator- Mr KK Dubey

Course Faculty-Mr Manoj Kumar (ERP), Mr Kapil Rajpoot

QUESTION BANK SUMMARY

S.No. Marks\Unit Unit-1 Unit-2 Unit-3 Unit-4 Unit-5 Total

1 2 Mark 7 13 7 13 24 37%

2 6Mark 5 19 6 24 21 43%

3 9 Mark 7 13 7 4 5 20%

Total 19 45 20 41 50 175

Course Coordinator Division Chair Dean

 . Unit I: Energy Transfer

1.1. What are the forces exerted by a flowing fluid on a body? ................. 2 Mark
1.2. Write mathematical expression for FD and FL. ................. 2 Mark
1.3. The expression for co-efficient of the lift for an air foil.................. 2 Mark
1.4. The expression for lift co-efficient for a rotating cylinder in uniform flow is given
by..................2 Mark
1.5. Explain stagnation points.................. 2 Mark
1.6. Experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel at 50 kmph on a flat plate of size 2 m Х 1 m.
The specific weight of air is 11.28 N/m3. The plate is kept at such an angle that the co-efficient
of lift is 0.75. Determine lift force. (AMIE winter, 2000) ................. 2 Mark
1.7. Difference between a streamlined body and bluff body.................. 2 Mark
1.8. Explain the following term relating airfoil ................ 6 Mark
(a) Chord Line (b) Profile centerline (c) Camber (d) Angle of attack
1.9. An aeroplane weighing 39.24 kN is flying in horizontal direction at 360 km/h. The plane
spans 15m and has a wing surface area of 35 m2. If drag co-efficient CD = 0.03 and for air ρ =
1.22 kg/m3. Determine co-efficient of lift. (Punjab Technical University) . .................10 Mark
1.10. What are the factors on which the total drag of a body fully immersed in fluid depends?
................. 6 Mark
1.11. Air blows over a cylinder of diameter 60 mm and finite length with a velocity of 0.12 m/s.
Find the total drag on 1 m length of the cylinder if the total drag co-efficient is 1.25. Take ρ =
1.25 kg/m3 ................. 6 Mark
1.12. A truck having a projected area of 6.5 m2 travelling at 70km/h has a total resistance of 2000
N. of this 20 percent is due to rolling friction and 10 percent due to surface friction. The rest is
due from drag. Make calculation for the co-efficient of form drag. Take ρ = 1.22 kg/m3 for air.
(AMIE) ................. 6 Mark
1.13.Air blows over a cylinder of diameter 60 mm and finite length with a velocity of 0.12 m/s.
Find the shear drag on 1 m length of the cylinder if the shear drag co-efficient is 0.18. Take ρ =
1.25 kg/m3.................. 6 Mark
1.14. Assuming the cross- sectional area a passenger car to be 2.7 m2 with a drag co-efficient of
0.6, estimate the energy requirement at a speed of 60 km/h. Assume the weight of car to be 30
kN and co-efficient of friction 0.012. Assume ρ to be 1.208 kg/m3. ..... 10Mark

1.15. On a flat plate of 2m (length) Х 1 m (width), experiments were conducted in a wind tunnel
with a wind speed of 50 km/h. The plate at such an angle that the co-efficient of drag and lift at
0.18 and 0.9 respectively.......... 10 Mark
Determine
(i) Drag Force,
(ii) Lift Force,
(iii) Resultant force, and
(iv) Power exerted by the air stream on the plate.
Take density of air = 1.15 kg/m3
1.16. A kite weighing 9.8 N and having an area 1 m2 makes an angle of 70 to horizontal when
flying in a wind of 36 km/h. If pull on the string attached to the kite is 49 N and it is inclined to
the horizontal at 450 , calculate the lift and drag co-efficient. Take ρ = 1.2 kg/m3. (AMIE)
................. 10 Mark
1.17. A 2.5 m long body having a projected area of 2.4 m2 normal to the direction of motion, is
moving through water which is having a viscosity of 0.0012 Ns/m2 . Find the drag on the body if
it has drag co-efficient 0.45 for Reynolds number of 7 Х 10 6. ............ 10 Mark
1.18. Strokes derived the drag FD experienced by a sphere of diameter D moving at uniform
velocity U through a fluid of viscosity μ to be FD = 3πμDU. State the validity of this expression
in relation to the particular Reynolds number. Drive the co-efficient of drag CD from Stokes’s
law. ........... 10 Mark
1.19. The vertical component of the landing speed of a parachute is 6 m/s. Treat the parachute as
an open hemisphere (Fig.) and determine its diameter if the total weight to be carried is 1200 N.
Take ρ = 1.208 kg/m3 and CD = 1.33. ... 10 Mark

Unit II: Fans, Blowers and Compressor

2 Marks
2.1 Match the items in columns I and II [GATE-2007]
Column I Column II
P: Centrifugal compressor 1: Axial flow
Q: Centrifugal pump 2: Surging
R: Pelton wheel 3. Priming
S: Kaplan turbine 4. Pure impulse
Codes: P Q R S (a) 2 3 4 1 (b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 3 4 1 2 (d) 1 2 3 4
2.2 Which one of the types of impeller vanes are most commonly used in centrifugal type
compressors and why? [IES-2008]
2.3 Assertion (A): In turbomachines, stalling is a local phenomenon while surging affects the
whole machine. [IES-1993]
Reason (R): Stalling occurs when flow breaks away from the blades
while surging causes complete breakdown of the flow.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
2.4 The following lists refer to fluid machinery. Match List-I with List-II
and select the correct answer. [IES-1994]
List-I List-II
A. Draft tube 1. Impulse turbine
B. Surging 2. Reciprocating pump
C. Air vessel 3. Reaction turbine
D. Nozzle 4. Centrifugal pump
Codes: A B C D A B C D
(a) 4 3 2 1 (b) 3 4 2 1
(c) 3 4 1 2 (d) 4 3 1 2
2.5 Consider the following statements: [IES-2001]
A surge tank provided on the penstock connected to a water turbine
1. Helps in reducing the water hammer
2. Stores extra water when not needed
3. Provides increased demand of water
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 2 (d) 1, 2 and 3
2.6 Classify compressors.
2.7 Differentiate between fan and blower.
2.8 What is the effect of blade outlet angle on the performance of centrifugal compressor.
2.9 What is Multi Stage Axial-flow Compressor.
2.10 Differentiate between pump and compressor.
2.11 What are advantages & disadvantages of radial , forward and backward impeller over each
other.
2.12 Define fan laws
2.13 Draw the schematic of Centrifugal compressor and velocity diagrams at impeller entry and
exit.
6 Marks
2.14 Explain the working of a centrifugal compressor and its part with schematic diagram.
2.15 Give the analysis of centrifugal compressors by applying energy balance to the compressor.
2.16 Explain the principle of operation of axial flow compressor with schematic diagram
2.17 Calculate the diameter and stroke for a double acting single stage reciprocating air
compressor of 50kW having induction pressure 100 kN/m2 and temperature 150oC. Thelaw of
compression is PV1.2 = C and delivery pressure is 500 kN/ m2. The revolution/sec =1.5 and mean
piston speed in 150 m/min. Clearance is neglected.
2.18 A single acting reciprocating air compressor has cylinder diameter and stroke of 200 mm
and 300 mm respectively. The compressor sucks air at 1 bar and 27oC and delivers at 8 bar while
running at 100 r.p.m Find: 1. Indicated power of the compressor; 2. Mass of air delivered by the
compressor per minute; and 3. temperature of the delivered by the compressor. The compression
follows the law PV1.25 = C. Take R as 287 J/kg K.
2.19 Explain the working of Lobe type compressor with schematic diagram.
2.20 Explain the working of screw type compressor with schematic diagram
2.21 Explain the working of Lobe type compressor with schematic diagram.
2.22 Explain the term slip and slip factor , as applied to centrifugal compressor. Write
expressions for these terms. (IES2013)
2.23 Compare axial flow compressor with centrifugal compressor.
2.24 Distinguish surging and stalling phenomenon happens at off design condition in axial flow
compressor?
2.25 Draw the performance characteristics, pressure coefficient and flow coefficient for
backward curved, radial and forward curved vane impeller of a centrifugal compressor?
2.26 Write down the principle of operation of compressor.
2.27 Differentiate between lobe and screw compressor.
2.28 Draw the Velocity triangles at inlet and outlet of blades of an impeller of a centrifugal
blower
2.29 Illustrate degree of reaction and stage efficiency.
2.30 Derive fan laws
2.31 A single stage reciprocating air compressor takes in 8m3/min of air at 1 bar and 300 C and
delivers it at 6 bar. The clearance is 5% of the stroke. The expansion and compression are
polytropic with the value of n=1.3. Calculate: (a) the temperature of delivered air; (b) volumetric
efficiency, and (c) Power of the compressor.
2.32 Discuss the relative merits and de-merits of axial flow compressor over centrifugal
compressor. (IES 2001)
9 Marks
2.33 A centrifugal compressor has a pressure ratio of 4:1 with an isentropic efficiency of 80%
when running at 15000 rpm and inducing air at 293 K. Curved vanes at the inlet give the air a
pre-whirl of 25o to the axial direction at all radii. The tip diameter of the eye of the impeller is
250 mm. The absolute velocity at inlet is 150 m/s and the impeller diameter is 600 mm.
Calculate the slip factor
2.34 An air compressor cylinder has 150mm bore and 150mm stroke and the clearance is 15%.
It operates between 1 bar, 27oC and 5 bar. Take polytrophic exponent n=1.3 for compression and
expansion processes find?
i. Cylinder volume at the various salient points of in cycle.
ii. Flow rate in m3/min at 720 rpm and .
iii. The ideal volumetric efficiency.
2.35 A single stage single acting air compressor delivers 0.6 kg of air per minute at 6 bar . The
temperature and pressure at the end of suction stroke are 30oC and 1 bar. The bore and stroke of
the compressor are 100 mm and 150 mm respectively. The clearance is 3% of the swept volume
Assuming the index of compression and expansion to be 1.3. find:
i. Volumetric efficiency of the compressor
ii. Power required if the mechanical efficiency is 85%, and
iii. Speed of the compressor (r.p.m)
2.36 A single stage , single air compressor running at 1000 r.p.m delivers air at 25 bar . For this
purpose the induction and free air conditions can be taken as 1.013 bar and 150oC and the free air
delivery as 0.25 m3/min. The clearance volume is 3% of the swept volume and the stroke bore
ratio is 1:2. Take the index of compression and expansion as 1.3. calculate also the indicated
power and the isothermal efficiency
2.37 An air compressor takes in air at 1 bar and 20oC and compresses it according to law
pv1.2=constant. It is then delivered to a receiver at a constant pressure of 10 bar.
R=0.287 kJ/kg K. Determine
(i) Temperature at the end of compression
(ii) Workdone and heat transferred during compression per kg of air.
2.38 What are the constructional features of an axial flow compressor? How air is compressed
and what is the method of getting higher compression ratio in such compressor? IES2012
2.39 A double acting air compressor works with an indicated power of 37kW. Air is
drawn at 1 bar and 300 K and compressed, according to the law PV1.2 = Constant
to 7 bar. The compressor runs at 200 r.p.m with average piston speed 2.5 m/s.
Neglect clearance. Find the dimensions of the cylinder.
2.40 Derive an expression for indicated work of a reciprocating air compressor by
neglecting clearance volume.
2.41 A single stage single acting reciprocating air compressor is required to handle 50 cum of
free air delivery per hour measured at 1 bar pressure. The delivery pressure is 6.5 bar and the
speed is 500 r.p.m. Allowing a volumetric efficiency of 75%; an isothermal efficiency of 70%
and a mechanical efficiency of 90%; Calculate the indicated mean effective pressure and the
power required to drive the compressor.
2.42 At the inlet of a centrifugal compressor eye, the relative Mach number is to be limited to
0.97. The hub-tip radius ratio of the inducer is 0.4. The eye tip diameter is 20 cm. If the inlet
velocity is axial, determine, (a) the maximum mass flow rate for a rotational speed of 29160 rpm,
(b) the blade angle at the inducer tip for this mass flow. The inlet conditions can be taken as
101.3 kPa and 288 K.
2.43 A centrifugal compressor has a pressure ratio of 4:1 with an isentropic efficiency of 80%
when running at 15000 rpm and inducing air at 293 K. Curved vanes at the inlet give the air a
pre-whirl of 25o to the axial direction at all radii. The tip diameter of the eye of the impeller is
250 mm. The absolute velocity at inlet is 150 m/s and the impeller diameter is 600 mm.
Calculate the slip factor.
2.44 Air at a stagnation temperature of 22°C enters the impeller of a centrifugal compressor in
the axial direction. The rotor, which has 17 radial vanes, rotates at 15,000 rpm. The stagnation
pressure ratio between diffuser outlet and impeller inlet is 4.2 and total-to-total efficiency is
83%. Determine the impeller tip radius. Assume the air density at impeller outlet is 2kg/m3 and
the axial width at entrance to the diffuser is 11mm, determine the absolute Mach number at that
point. Assume that the slip factor σ = 1 - 2/N, where N is the number of vanes.
2.45 A centrifugal compressor with backward leaning blades develops a pressure ratio of 5:1
with an isentropic efficiency of 83 percent. The compressor runs at 15000 rpm. Inducers are
provided at the inlet of the compressor so that air enters at an absolute velocity of 120 m/s. The
inlet stagnation temperature is 250 K and the inlet air is given a pre-whirl 22o to the axial
direction at all radii. The mean diameter of the eye of the impeller is 250 mm and the impeller tip
diameter is 600 mm. Determine the slip factor and the relative Mach number at the impeller tip.

Unit III: Steam and Gas Turbines

3.1. A turbine develops 1600 H.P. while running at 375 rpm under 8m head. The turbine should
be (BHEL-88 ) ………………… 2 Mark
3.2. A turbine develops 8000 KW when running at 100 rpm. The head on the turbine is 36m. if
the head is reduced to 9m, the power developed by the turbine will be(BHEL)
………………………… 2 Mark
3.3. What is the ratio of the isentropic work to Euler’s work known as? (Isentropic work to
Euler’s, Maneesh Dubey, Mc Graw Hill Pub.) ………….. 2 Mark
3.4. For a single stage impulse turbine with a rotor diameter of 2m and a speed of 3000 rpm
when the nozzle angle is 20 0, the optimum velocity of steam in m/s is (GATE-
94)…………………………. 2 Mark
3.5. A steam power plant has the boiler efficiency of 92%, turbine efficiency (mechanical
efficiency) of 95 % and cycle efficiency of 44%. If 6% of the generated power is used to run be
auxiliaries, the overall plant efficiency is (GATE -96)………………………… 2 Mark
3.6. The inlet angle of runner blades of a Francis turbine is 900. The blades are so shaped the
tangential component of velocity at blade outlet is zero. The flow velocity remains constant
throughout the blade passage and is to half of the blade velocity at runner inlet. The blade
efficiency of the runner is (GATE-07 )………………………….. 2 Mark
3.7. The nozzle angle at inlet is 300 in a simple impulse turbine. For maximum diagram
efficiency, the blade speed ratio is. (nozzle angle, Maneesh Dubey , Mc Graw Hill Pub.)
…………………………. 2 Mark
3.8. Explain Blade diagram efficiency of steam turbine. (Blade diagram efficiency, Mc Graw
Hill Pub. )…………………………. 6 Mark
3.9. Why is compounding of steam turbine necessary? What are the methods of compounding of
steam turbine? (Compounding of steam turbine, Mc Graw Hill Pub. ) ……………………6 Mark
3.10. The degree of reaction of a turbomachine is defined as the ratio of the (IES-93)
…………………………. 6 Mark
3.11. The velocity triangles at the inlet and exit of the rotor of a turbo machine are shown. V
denotes the absolute velocity of the fluid, W denotes the relative velocity of the fluid and U
denotes the blade velocity. Subscripts 1 and 2 refer to inlet and outlet respectively. If V 2 = W1
and V1 = W2, then the degree of reaction is (GATE-12 ) ……………………. 10 Mark

W1
V2

W2
V1

U
3.12. Steam enters an adiabatic turbine operating at steady rate with an enthalpy of 3251.0 kJ/kg
and leaves as a saturated mixture at 15 kPa with quality (dryness fraction) 0.9. The enthalpies of
the saturated liquid and vapour at 15 kPa are hf = 225.94 kJ/kg and hg = 2598.3 kJ/kg
respectively. The mass flow rate of steam is 10 kg/s. Kinetic and potential energy changes are
negligible. The power output of the turbine in MW is ( GATE-12 ) …………………… 6 Mark
3.13. A nozzle has velocity head at outlet of 10m. If it is kept vertical the height reached by the
stream (IES-92) …………………………. 6 Mark
3.14. Derive with the help of sketch, showing velocity diagrams, the Euler turbine equation as
applied to a generalized rotor of a machine. (Axial Turbine Stages, Mc Graw Hill Pub.)
…………………………. 10 Mark
3.15. Prove that for a turbine with 50% degree of reaction the guide blades and moving blades
are identical. (50% degree of reaction, Mc Graw Hill Pub. ) …………………………. 10 Mark
3.16. In a 50% reaction stage, absolute velocity angle at entrance is 450. Mean peripheral speed is
75 m/s and the absolute velocity at the exit is axial. The stage specific work is. (50% reaction
stage, ManeeshDubey , Mc Graw Hill Pub.) …………………………. 10 Mark
3.17. An impulse turbine is designed for free vortex flow. The tangential velocity of steam at the
root radius of 250 mm is 430 m/s and the blade height is 100 mm, then the tangential velocity of
the steam at the tip will be. (Impulse Turbine Stages, Maneesh Dubey, Mc Graw Hill Pub. )
…………………………. 10 Mark
3.18. The initial pressure and temperature of steam entering a multistage turbine ( d=100 cm, N =
3000 rpm ) are 100 bar and 5000C respectively. The steam flow rate is 100 kg/s and the exit
angle of the first stage nozzle blades is 700. Assuming maximum utilization factor, determine the
rotor blade angles, blade height, power developed and the final state of steam after expansion for
the following arrangements. (Axial Turbine Stages, SM YAHYA , Mc Graw Hill Pub.)
(a) Single-Stage impulse,ηst = 0.78
(b) Single Stage 50% reaction, ηst = 0.85. …………………………. 10 Mark
3.19. The data for an axial turbine stage is given below:
Air angle at nozzle exit α2m = 750,Air angle at rotor entry β2m = 450,Air angle at rotor exit β3m =
760 ,Hub diameter dh = 450 mm,Tip diameter dt = 750 mm,Rotor speed N=6000 rpm
Assuming radial equilibrium and free vortex flow in the stage determine for the hub section:
(Axial Turbine Stages, SM YAHYA , Mc Graw Hill Pub)
(a) The relative and absolute air angles;
(b) Degree of reaction;
(c) Blade to gas speed ratio;
(d) Specific work, and
(e) The loading coefficient.…………………………. 10 Mark
3.20. A Fifty per cent reaction stage of a gas turbine has the following data: Entry pressure and
temperature, p1 = 10 bar, T1 = 1500 K,Speed = 12,000 rpm ,Mass flow rate of the gas = 70 kg/s
Stage pressure ratio and efficiency, pr = 2.0, ηst = 87%,Fixed and moving blade exit air angles =
600,Assume optimum blade to gas speed ratio. Take Ɣ = 1.4,cp = 1.005 kJ/kgK for the gas,
Determine (Axial Turbine Stages, Mc Graw Hill Pub.)
(a) Flow coefficient (b) Mean diameter of the gas
(c) Power Developed (d) Pressure ratio across the fixed and rotor blade rings
Unit IV: Hydraulic Pumps

4.1 A centrifugal pump operating at 1000 rpm develops a head of 30 m. If the speed is increased
to 2000 rpm and the pump operates with the same efficiency, what is the head developed by the
pump? 2 MARKS
4.2 Derive the Euler’s equation for rotating machines and explain the physical significance of
each term. 6 MARKS
4.3 List-I List-II 6 MARKS
(A) High head, low flow rate (1) Streamlined body
(B) Low head, high flow rate (2) Boundary layer
(C) Heat transfer (3) Orifice meter
(D) Low drag (4) Centrifugal pump
(5) Axial flew pump
(6) Nusselt number
4.4 When the speed of a centrifugal pump is doubled, so what will be the power required to drive
the pump. 2 MARKS
A centrifugal pump has an efficiency of 80%. The specifications of the pump are: Discharge = 70 m3/hr, head
= 7 m, speed = 1450 rmp and diameter = 2000 mm. If the speed of this pump is increased to 1750 rpm.
6 MARKS
4.5 Find Discharge and head developed are given respectively.
4.6 Find Power input required 2MARKS
4.7 A centrifugal pump is required to pump water to an open water tank situated 4 km away from
the location of the pump through a pipe of diameter 0.2 m having Darcy’s friction factor of
0.01.The average speed of water in the pipe is 2m/s.If it is to maintain a constant head of 5 m in
the tank, neglecting other minor losses, then what will be the absolute discharge pressure at the
pump exit. 10 MARKS
4.8 Express the specific speed for a pump is In terms of speed of rotation of the impeller (N),
discharge (Q) and change in total head through the machine. 6 MARKS
4.9 A centrifugal pump running at 500 rpm and at its maximum efficiency is delivering a head
of 30 m at a flow rate of 60 litres per minute. If the rpm is changed to 1000, then estimate the
maximum efficiency in terms of head H in metres and flow rate Q in litres per minute.
6MARKS
4.10 A horizontal-shaft centrifugal pump lifts water at 65°C. The suction nozzle is one meter
below pump centerline. The pressure at this point equals 200 kPa gauge and velocity is 3 m/s.
Stream tables show saturation pressure at 65°C is 25 kPa, and specific volume of the saturated
liquid is 0.001020 m3/kg. Determine the pump Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) in meters.
10 MARKS

4.11 Match the items in columns I and II 6 MARKS

Column I Column II
P: Centrifugal compressor 1: Axial flow
Q: Centrifugal pump 2: Surging
R: Pelton wheel 3. Priming
S: Kaplan turbine 4. Pure impulse
4.12 Match List-I (Type of model) With List-II (Liquid handled) and select
the correct answer: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Closed impeller pump 1. Sandy water
B. Semi-open impeller pump 2. Acids
C. Open impeller pump 3. Sewage water
4.13 Match List-I (Industrial needs) with List-II (Type of pump) and select
the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Combustible fluid to be pumped 1. Single stage centrifugal
B. High head but small discharge needed 2. Multi-stage centrifugal
C. Low head but large discharge needed 3. Positive displacement
D. High head and high discharge needed 4. Jet pump
4.14 What will be the shape of the velocity triangle at the exit of a radial bladed centrifugal
impeller, taking into account slip? 2 MARKS
4.15 A centrifugal pump driven by a directly coupled 3 kW motor of 1450 rpm speed is proposed
to be connected to another motor of 2900 –rpm speed. Estimate the developed power of the
motor. 2 MARKS
4.16 At the eye tip of a centrifugal impeller, blade velocity is 200 m/s while the uniform axial
velocity at the inlet is 150 m/s. If the sonic velocity is 300 m/s, then the calculate inlet Mach
number of the flow. 2 MARKS
4.17 Find the new head and discharge, if a centrifugal blower delivering Q m3/s against a heat
of H m is driven at half the original speed. 2 MARKS
4.18 Two centrifugal pumps have impellers with outer dimensions of each equal to twice the
inner dimensions. The inner diameter of the second impeller is three times the inner diameter of
the first one. What is the speed ratio N2/N1, of pumps, if the pumps are required to develop the
same manometric head to start delivery of water? 10 MARKS
4.19 A centrifugal pump with radial vane tips at the outlet has an impeller of 100 mm outer
diameter. If the rotational speed is 3000 rpm and manometric efficiency 0·8 then what is the net
head developed? 6 MARKS
4.20 Match List-I (Outlet vane angle β2) with List-11 (Curves labelled 1, 2 and 3 in the given figure) for a
pump and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists: 6 MARKS
List-I
A. β2 < 90o
B. β2 = 90o
C. β2 > 90o

List-II

4.21 A pump running at 1000 RPM consumes 1 kW and generates head of 10m of water. When
it is operated at 2000 RPM,What is the power consumption and head generated. 2 MARKS
4.22 Which types of impeller vanes are most commonly used in centrifugal type compressors?
2MARKS
4.23 Two pumps can operate independently at heads H1, H2 and discharge Q1, Q2, respectively.
If the pumps are connected in parallel, then what are the resulting discharge (Q) and head (H)?
2 MARKS
4.24 Two centrifugal pumps 'A' and 'B' operate at their maximum efficiencies at 1000 rpm and
500 rpm respectively. Against the same delivery head, pump 'A' discharge 1 m3/s and pump B
discharge 4 m3/s respectively. What is the ratio of specific speeds (Ns)A : (Ns)B ? 6 MARKS
4.25 If, in a pump, the discharge is halved, then, assuming that the speed remains unchanged,
what would be the ratio of the heads H1/H2? 6 MARKS
4.26 A mixed flow pump is driven by a 8 kW motor running at 1000 rpm. It delivers water at
the rate of 1000 liters/min against a total head of 25 m. What is the specific speed of the pump in
meter-minutes? 6 MARKS
4.27 A centrifugal pump needs 1000 W of power when operating at 1500 rpm. What is the power
requirement if the speed of the pump is increased to 3000 rpm? 6 MARKS
4.28 Consider the following data for the performance of a centrifugal pump: Speed: 1200 rpm,
flow rate: 30 l/s, head: 20 m, Power: 5 kW If the speed is increased to 1500 rpm, then what
power will developed. 6 MARKS
4.29 Determine the NPSH (Net Positive Suction Head) for CF pump, if pump is installed at a
height of 5 m above the water level in the sump. Frictional loss on the suction side is 0.6 m. If
the atmospheric pressure is 10.3 m of water and vapour pressure head is 0.4 m (abs).
6MARKS
4.30 Why is a minimum of Net Positive Suction Head required for a hydraulic pump?
2 MARKS
4.31 The water level in an empty vertical cylindrical tank with top open is to be raised by 6 m
from a nearby reservoir. The will be the ratio of the cost of pumping through pipes A and B (see
given figure). 6 MARKS

4.32 A centrifugal pump delivers water at the rate of 50 litres/s against a total head of 40 meter.
Then what will be the power required to drive the pump. 2 MARKS
4.33 Which one of the following figures represents theoretical head versus discharge curves for a
centrifugal pump with forward radial and backward curved vanes? 10 MARKS

4.34 For discharge ‘Q’, the specific speed of a pump is ‘Ns’.For half discharge with the same
head than what will be specific speed. 2 MARKS
4.35 Estimate the discharge of centrifugal pump having an impeller of 10 cm diameter
discharges 40 litre/ second when turning at 1000rpm.The corresponding speed of a geometrically
similar pump having an impeller of 40cm diameter and 0.8m3/s. 6 MARKS
4.36 The characteristics of a pump are as shown in the given figure. Based on this figure, match
List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer using the codes given below the lists:
10 MARKS
List-I List II
A. Curve P 1. Discharge versus head
B. Curve Q 2. Head versus discharge
C. Curve R 3. Power versus Discharge
4. Efficiency versus discharge
4.37 Match the following- 6 MARKS

A. Reciprocating pump 1. Plant with power output below 100 kW

B. Axial flow pump 2. Plant with power output between 100 kWto 1MW
C. Micro hydel plant 3. Positive displacement
D. Backward curved vanes 4. Draft tube
5. High flow rate, low pressure ratio
6. Centrifugal pump impeller
4.38 Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched? 6 MARKS
(a) Centrifugal pump 1. Rotating blades in the rotor create centrifugal head
(b) Reciprocating pump 2. Positive displacement pump
(c) Turbine pump 3. Centrifugal pump with guide vanes
(d) Gear pump 4. Gear teeth work like rotating blades to create centrifugal head
4.39 Match List-I (Type of pumps) with List-II (Associated features) and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the Lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Centrifugal pump 1. Air vessel
B. Gear pump 2. Draft tube
C. Reciprocating pump 3. Guide vanes pump
D. Turbine pump 4. Rotary pump
5. Rotor having blades
4.40 Find the brake power of the RP pump,If a reciprocating pump having a mechanical
efficiency of 80% delivers water at the rate of 80 kg/s with a head of 30 m. 2 MARKS
4.41 Why is an air vessel used in a reciprocating pump? 2 MARKS

Unit V: Hydraulic Turbines

5.1 In a Pelton wheel, the bucket peripheral speed is 10 m/s, the water jet velocity is 25 m/s and
volumetric flow rate of the jet is 0.1m3/s. If the jet deflection angle is120° and the flow is ideal,
Estimate the developed power. 6 MARKS
5.2 Water, having a density of 1000 kg/m3, issues from a nozzle with a velocity of 10 m/s and
the jet strikes a bucket mounted on a Pelton wheel. The wheel rotates at
10 rad/s. The mean diameter of the wheel is I m. The jet is split into two equal streams by the
bucket, such that each stream is deflected by 120°, as shown in the figure. Friction in the bucket
may be neglected. Magnitude of the torque exerted by the water on the wheel, Estimate the per
unit mass flow rate of the incoming jet.
10 marks

5.3 what is the class of Kaplan turbine . 6 marks

5.4 The specific speed of an impulse hydraulic turbine will be greater than
the specific speed of a reaction type hydraulic turbine.(true/false) 2 MARKS
5.5 At a hydro electric power plant site, available head and flow rate are 24.5 m and 10.1 m3/s
respectively. If the turbine to be installed is required to run at 4.0 revolution per second (rps)
with an overall efficiency of 90%, then what suitable type of turbine will applicable for this site.
6 MARKS
5.6 In a hydroelectric station, water is available at the rate of 175 m3/s under a head of 18 m. The
turbines run at speed of 150 rpm with overall efficiency of 82%. Find the number of turbines
required if they have the maximum specific speed of 460. 6 MARKS
5.7 What is range of Specific speed of a Kaplan turbine? 2 MARKS
5.8 Estimate the power developed A large hydraulic turbine is to generate 300 kW at 1000 rpm
under a head of 40 m. For initial testing, a 1: 4 scale model of the turbine operates under a head
of 10 m. 6 MARKS
5.9 Cavitation in a hydraulic turbine is most likely to occur at the turbine. 2 MARKS
5.10 What is the basis of Euler equation derived for water turbine? 2 MARKS
5.11 If H is the head available for a hydraulic turbine, the power, speed and Discharge,
respectively are proportional. 2 MARKS

5.12 A Francis turbine is coupled to an alternator to generate electricity with a frequency of 50

Hz. If the alternator has 12 poles, then what should the constant speeds? 2 MARKS
5.13 The gross head on a turbine is 300 m. The length of penstock supplying water from
reservoir to the turbine is 400 m. The diameter of the penstock is 1 m and velocity of water
through penstock is 5 m/s. If coefficient of friction is 0.0098, Estimate the net head on the
turbine. 6MARKS
5.14 . Which turbines is used in underwater power stations? 2 MARKS
5.15 Euler equation of turbine giving energy transfer per unit mass E0 (where U, Vw, Vr and V
represents the peripheral, whirl, relative and absolute velocities respectively. Suffix 1 and 2 refer
to the turbine inlet and outlet respectively) is given by suitable equation. 10 MARKS
5.16 The speed ratio of a Pelton wheel operating under a head of 900 m is 0.45. What is the
peripheral velocity of the turbine wheel? 2 MARKS
5.17 A Pelton wheel with single jet rotates at 600 rpm. The velocity of the jet from the nozzle is
100m/s. If the ratio of the vane velocity to jet velocity is 0.44, what is the diameter of the Pelton
wheel? 6 MARKS
5.18 If α is the blade angle at the outlet, then what is the maximum hydraulic
efficiency of an ideal impulse turbine. 2 MARKS
5.19 The maximum efficiency in the case of Pelton wheel is (angle of deflection of the jet = 180
– β) 2 MARKS
5.20 What should be the ratio of blade speed of jet speed for the maximum efficiency of a Pelton
wheel? 2 MARKS
5.21 The overall efficiency of a Pelton turbine is 70%. If the mechanical efficiency is 85%, what
is its hydraulic efficiency? 2 MARKS
5.22 The gross head available to a hydraulic power plant is 100 m. The utilized head in the
runner of the hydraulic turbine is 72 m. If the 'hydraulic efficiency of the turbine is 90%, So
estimate the friction head available in pipe. 6 MARKS
5.23 A reaction turbine discharges 30 m3/s of water under a head of 10 m with an overall
efficiency of 92%..What is developed power by reaction turbine. 2 MARKS
5.24 A Francis turbine working at 400 rpm has a unit speed of 50 rpm and develops 500 kW of
power. What is the effective head under which this turbine operates? 2 MARKS
5.25 What is the range of the speed ratio for Kaplan turbine for its most efficient operation?
2 MARKS
5.26 The level of runner exit is 5 m above the tail race, and atmospheric pressure is 10.3 m.
Determine the available pressure at the exit of the runner for a divergent draft tube. 6 MARKS
5.27 A hydraulic reaction turbine working under a head of 16 m develops 640 kW of power.
What is the unit power of the turbine? 2 MARKS
5.28 What is The specific speed (Ns) of a water turbine. 2 MARKS
5.29 What are the Specific speed of a pump and specific speed of a turbine an (symbols have the
usual meaning). 2 MARKS
5.30 An impulse turbine operating with a single nozzle has a specific speed of 5. What will be
the approximate specific speed of the turbine if the turbine is operated with one more additional
nozzle of the same size? 6 MARKS
5.31 Two Pelton wheels A and B have the same specific speed and are working under the same
head. Wheel A produces 400 kW at 1000 rpm. If B produces 100 kW, then calculate the rpm.
10MARKS

5.32 If the full-scale turbine is required to work under a head of 30 m and to run at 428 r.p.m,
then a quarter-scale turbine model tested under a head of 10 m must run at which rpm.
6 MARKS
5.33 When a hydraulic turbine is operated, it is found that it has high design efficiency and this
efficiency remains constant over a wide range of regulation from the design condition. What is
the type of this turbine? 10 MARKS
5.34 For a water turbine, running at constant head and speed, the operating characteristic curves
in the given figure show that upto a certain discharge 'q' both output power and efficiency remain
zero. Than required discharge 'q' 10MARKS
5.35 Which one of the following graphs correctly represents the relations between Head and
Specific speed for Kaplan and Francis turbine? 10 MARKS

A B

C D

5.36 What does Euler's equation of turbo machines relate to? 2 MARKS

5.37 The available gross head is a vertical distance in the case of Pelton turbine installed in a
hydraulic power plant.

5.38 In a simple impulse turbine, the nozzle angle at the entrance is 30°. What is the blade-speed
ratio (u/V) for maximum diagram efficiency? 6 MARKS
5.39 What is the purpose of a surge tank in high head hydroelectric plants. 2 MARKS
5.40 Match List-I (Water turbines) with List-II (Application) and select the correct answer using
the codes given below the lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Pelton 1. High head and low discharge
B. Francis 2. High head and high discharge
C. Kaplan 3. Medium head and medium
4. Low head and high discharge
5.41 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the lists. 6 MARKS
 List-I List-II
A. Propeller turbine 1. Impulse turbine
B. Tangential turbine 2. Kaplan turbine
C. Reaction is zero 3. Gas turbine
D. Reaction turbine 4. Pelton turbine
5.42 Match List-I (Turbines) with List-II (Specific speeds in MKS units) and
select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists. 6 MARKS

List-I List-II
A. Kaplan turbine 1. 10 to 35
B. Francis turbine 2. 35 to 60
C. Pelton wheel with single jet 3. 60 to 300
D. Pelton wheel with two or more jets 4. 300 to 1000

5.43 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the Lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Head race 1. Channel, tunnel or pipes through which water is carried from
reservoir to the turbine
B. Tail race 2. Reservoir water level
C. Penstock 3. Diverging tube discharging water from the turbine to the atmosphere
D. Draft tube 4. The level at which water is discharged at
atmospheric pressure
5.44 In which of the following hydraulic turbines, the efficiency would be affected most when
the flow rate is changed from its design value? 2 MARKS
5.45 Match List-I (Fluid properties) with List-II (Related terms) and select
the correct answer. 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Capillarity 1. Cavitation
B. Vapour pressure 2. Density of water
C. Viscosity 3. Shear forces
D. Specific gravity 4. Surface tension
5.46 Match List-I (Types of turbines), List-II (Characteristics of turbines)
and select the correct answer. 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Propeller 1. Inward flow reaction
B. Francis 2. Tangential flow impulse
C. Kaplan 3. Axial flow reaction with fixed vanes
D. Pelton 4. Axial flow reaction with adjustable vanes
5.47 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Pelton turbine 1. Specific speed from 300 to 1000 axial flow with fixed runner
vanes
B. Francis turbine 2. Specific speed from 10 to 50 Tangential flow
C. Propeller turbine 3. Specific speed from 60 to 300 mixed flow
D. Kaplan turbine 4. Specific speed from 300 to 1000 axial flow with adjustable
runner vanes
5.48 Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the lists: 6 MARKS
List-I List-II
A. Shock wave 1. Surface tension
B. Flow separation 2. Vapour pressure
C. Capillary rise 3. Compressibility
D. Cavitation 4. Adverse pressure gradient
5.49 Express the suitable reason for pelton blade shape. 2 MARKS
5.50 Derive the expression for relation between Runner power and Water Power of turbine.
2 MARKS