Anatoly Karpov

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This name uses Eastern Slavic naming customs; the patronymic is Yevgenyevich and the family
name is Karpov.

Anatoly Karpov

Anatoly Karpov, 2018

Full name Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov

Country Soviet Union

Russia

Born May 23, 1951 (age 68)

Zlatoust, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union

Title Grandmaster (1970)

World Champion 1975–1985

1993–1999 (FIDE)

FIDE rating 2617 (October 2019)

Peak rating 2780 (July 1994)

 Anatoly Yevgenyevich Karpov (Russian: Анато́лий Евге́ньевич Ка́рпов; born May 23, 1951) is a
Russian chess grandmaster and former World Champion. He was the official world champion from
1975 to 1985 when he was defeated by Garry Kasparov. He played five matches against Kasparov
for the title from 1984 to 1990, before becoming FIDE World Champion once again after Kasparov
broke away from FIDE in 1993. He held the title until 1999, when he resigned his title in protest
against FIDE's new world championship rules. For his decades-long standing among the world's
elite, many consider Karpov one of the greatest players in history.
His tournament successes include over 160 first-place finishes.[1][2] He had a peak Elo rating of 2780,
and his 102 total months at world number one is the third longest of all time, behind Magnus
Carlsen and Garry Kasparov, since the inception of the FIDE ranking list in 1970.

Contents

 1Early life
 2International career
o 2.1Young master
o 2.2Top-Class Grandmaster
o 2.3Candidate
o 2.4Match with Fischer in 1975
o 2.5World champion
o 2.6Rivalry with Kasparov
o 2.7FIDE champion again (1993–1999)
o 2.8Towards retirement
 3Personal life after retirement
 4Candidate for FIDE Presidency
 5Style
 6Notable games
 7Hobbies
 8Honours and awards
 9Books
 10References
 11Further reading
 12External links

Early life[edit]
Karpov was born on May 23, 1951,[3][4][5] in Zlatoust in the Urals region of the former Soviet Union,
and learned to play chess at the age of 4. His early rise in chess was swift, as he became
a Candidate Master by age 11. At 12, he was accepted into Mikhail Botvinnik's prestigious chess
school, though Botvinnik made the following remark about the young Karpov: "The boy does not
have a clue about chess, and there's no future at all for him in this profession."[6] Karpov
acknowledged that his understanding of chess theory was very confused at that time, and later wrote
that the homework Botvinnik assigned greatly helped him, since it required that he consult chess
books and work diligently.[7] Karpov improved so quickly under Botvinnik's tutelage that he became
the youngest Soviet National Master in history at fifteen in 1966; this tied the record established
by Boris Spassky in 1952.

International career[edit]
Young master[edit]

Karpov in 1967

Karpov finished first in his first international tournament in Třinec several months later, ahead
of Viktor Kupreichik. In 1967, he won the annual European Junior Championship
at Groningen.[8] Karpov won a gold medal for academic excellence in high school, and
entered Moscow State University in 1968 to study mathematics. He later transferred to Leningrad
State University, eventually graduating from there in economics. One reason for the transfer was to
be closer to his coach, grandmaster Semyon Furman, who lived in Leningrad. In his writings, Karpov
credits Furman as a major influence on his development as a world-class player.
In 1969, Karpov became the first Soviet player since Spassky (1955) to win the World Junior Chess
Championship, scoring an undefeated 10/11 in the finals at Stockholm.[9] In 1970, he tied for fourth
place at an international tournament in Caracas, Venezuela,[10] and was awarded
the grandmaster title.
Top-Class Grandmaster[edit]
He won the 1971 Alekhine Memorial in Moscow (equal with Leonid Stein), ahead of a star-studded
field, for his first significant adult victory. His Elo rating shot from 2540 in 1971 to 2660 in 1973, when
he shared second in the USSR Chess Championship, and finished equal first with Viktor Korchnoi in
the Leningrad Interzonal Tournament. The latter success qualified him for the 1974 Candidates
Matches, which would determine the challenger to the reigning world champion, Bobby Fischer.
Candidate[edit]
Karpov defeated Lev Polugaevsky by the score of +3=5 in the first Candidates' match, earning the
right to face former champion Boris Spassky in the semifinal round. Karpov was on record saying
that he believed Spassky would easily beat him and win the Candidates' cycle to face Fischer, and
that he (Karpov) would win the following Candidates' cycle in 1977. Spassky won the first game as
Black in good style, but tenacious, aggressive play from Karpov secured him overall victory by
+4−1=6. The Candidates' final was played in Moscow with Korchnoi. Karpov took an early lead,
winning the second game against the Sicilian Dragon, then scoring another victory in the sixth game.
Following ten consecutive draws, Korchnoi threw away a winning position in the seventeenth game
to give Karpov a 3–0 lead. In game 19, Korchnoi succeeded in winning a long endgame, then
notched a speedy victory after a blunder by Karpov two games later. Three more draws, the
last agreed by Karpov in a clearly better position, closed the match, as he thus prevailed +3−2=19,
moving on to challenge Fischer for the world title.
Match with Fischer in 1975[edit]
Though a world championship match between Karpov and Fischer was highly anticipated, those
hopes were never realised. Fischer not only insisted that the match be the first to ten wins
(draws not counting), but also that the champion retain the crown if the score was tied 9–9. FIDE,
the International Chess Federation, refused to allow this proviso, and after Fischer's resignation of
the championship on June 27, 1975, FIDE declared that Fischer forfeited his crown. Karpov later
attempted to set up another match with Fischer, but the negotiations fell through. This thrust the
young Karpov into the role of World Champion without having faced the reigning champion. Garry
Kasparov argued that Karpov would have had good chances, because he had beaten Spassky
convincingly and was a new breed of tough professional, and indeed had higher quality games,
while Fischer had been inactive for three years.[11] Spassky thought that Fischer would have won in
1975 but Karpov would have qualified again and beaten Fischer in 1978.[12]
World champion[edit]
Determined to prove himself a legitimate champion, Karpov participated in nearly every major
tournament for the next ten years. He convincingly won the very strong Milan tournament in 1975,
and captured his first of three Soviet titles in 1976. He created a phenomenal streak of tournament
wins against the strongest players in the world. Karpov held the record for most consecutive
tournament victories (9) until it was shattered by Garry Kasparov (14). As a result, most chess
professionals soon agreed that Karpov was a legitimate world champion.[13]
In 1978, Karpov's first title defence was against Korchnoi, the opponent he had defeated in the
1973–75 Candidates' cycle; the match was played at Baguio, Philippines, with the winner needing
six victories. As in 1974, Karpov took an early lead, winning the eighth game after seven draws to
open the match. When the score was +5−2=20 in Karpov's favour, Korchnoi staged a comeback,
and won three of the next four games to draw level with Karpov. Karpov then won the very next
game to retain the title (+6−5=21).
Three years later Korchnoi reemerged as the Candidates' winner against German finalist Robert
Hübner to challenge Karpov in Merano, Italy. Karpov handily won this match, 11–7 (+6−2=10), in
what is remembered as the "Massacre in Merano".
Karpov's tournament career reached a peak at the Montreal "Tournament of Stars" tournament in
1979, where he finished joint first (+7−1=10) with Mikhail Tal ahead of a field of strong grandmasters
completed by Jan Timman, Ljubomir Ljubojević, Boris Spassky, Vlastimil Hort, Lajos Portisch,
Hübner, Bent Larsen and Lubomir Kavalek. He dominated Las Palmas 1977 with 13½/15. He also
won the prestigious Bugojno tournament in 1978 (shared), 1980 and 1986, the Linares
tournament in 1981 (shared with Larry Christiansen) and 1994, the Tilburg tournament in 1977,
1979, 1980, 1982, and 1983, and the Soviet Championship in 1976, 1983, and 1988.
Karpov represented the Soviet Union at six Chess Olympiads, in all of which the USSR won the
team gold medal. He played first reserve at Skopje 1972, winning the board prize with 13/15. At Nice
1974, he advanced to board one and again won the board prize with 12/14. At La Valletta 1980, he
was again board one and scored 9/12. At Lucerne 1982, he scored 6½/8 on board one. At Dubai
1986, he scored 6/9 on board two. His last was Thessaloniki 1988, where on board two he scored
8/10. In Olympiad play, Karpov lost only two games out of 68 played.
To illustrate Karpov's dominance over his peers as champion, his score was +11−2=20 versus
Spassky, +5=12 versus Robert Hübner, +6−1=16 versus Ulf Andersson, +3−1=10 versus Vasily
Smyslov, +1=16 versus Mikhail Tal, and +10−2=13 versus Ljubojević.
Karpov had cemented his position as the world's best player and world champion by the time Garry
Kasparov arrived on the scene. In their first match, the World Chess Championship 1984 in Moscow,
the first player to win six games would win the match. Karpov built a 4–0 lead after nine games. The
next 17 games were drawn, setting a record for world title matches, and it took Karpov until game 27
to gain his fifth win. In game 31, Karpov had a winning position but failed to take advantage and
settled for a draw. He lost the next game, after which 14 more draws ensued. Karpov held a solidly
winning position in Game 41, but again blundered and had to settle for a draw. After Kasparov won
games 47 and 48, FIDE President Florencio Campomanes unilaterally terminated the match, citing
the players' health.[14] The match had lasted an unprecedented five months, with five wins for Karpov,
three for Kasparov, and 40 draws.
A rematch was set for later in 1985, also in Moscow. The events of the so-called Marathon Match
forced FIDE to return to the previous format, with a match limited to 24 games (with Karpov
remaining champion if the match finished 12–12). Karpov needed to win the final game to draw the
match and retain his title, but lost, surrendering the title to his opponent. The final score was 13–11
(+3−5=16) in favour of Kasparov.
Rivalry with Kasparov[edit]
Karpov remained a formidable opponent (and the world No. 2) until the early 1990s. He fought
Kasparov in three more world championship matches in 1986 (held in London and Leningrad), 1987
(in Seville), and 1990 (in New York City and Lyon). All three matches were extremely close: the
scores were 11½–12½ (+4−5=15), 12–12 (+4−4=16), and 11½–12½ (+3−4=17). In all three
matches, Karpov had winning chances up to the very last games. In particular, the 1987 Seville
match featured an astonishing blunder by Kasparov in the 23rd game. In the final game, needing
only a draw to win the title, Karpov cracked under time pressure at the end of the first session of
play, missed a variation leading to an almost forced draw, and allowed Kasparov to adjourn the
game with an extra pawn. After a further mistake in the second session, Karpov was slowly ground
down and resigned on move 64, ending the match and allowing Kasparov to keep the title.
In their five world championship matches, Karpov scored 19 wins, 21 losses, and 104 draws in 144
games.
Karpov is on record saying that if he had had the opportunity to play Fischer for the crown in his
twenties, he could have been a much better player as a result.
FIDE champion again (1993–1999)[edit]

Karpov in 1993

In 1992, Karpov lost a Candidates Match against Nigel Short. But in 1993, Karpov reacquired the
FIDE World Champion title when Kasparov and Short split from FIDE. Karpov defeated Timman –
the loser of the Candidates' final against Short.
The next major meeting of Kasparov and Karpov was the 1994 Linares chess tournament. The field,
in eventual finishing order, was Karpov,
Kasparov, Shirov, Bareev, Kramnik, Lautier, Anand, Kamsky, Topalov, Ivanchuk, Gelfand, Illescas, J
udit Polgár, and Beliavsky; with an average Elo rating of 2685, the highest ever at that time.
Impressed by the strength of the tournament, Kasparov had said several days before the tournament
that the winner could rightly be called the world champion of tournaments. Perhaps spurred on by
this comment, Karpov played the best tournament of his life. He was undefeated and earned 11
points out of 13 (the best world-class tournament winning percentage since Alekhine won San Remo
in 1930), finishing 2½ points ahead of second-place Kasparov and Shirov. Many of his wins were
spectacular (in particular, his win over Topalov is considered possibly the finest of his career). This
performance against the best players in the world put his Elo rating tournament performance at
2985, the highest performance rating of any player in history up until 2009, when Magnus
Carlsen won the category XXI Pearl Spring chess tournament with a performance of 3002. Chess
statistician Jeff Sonas considers Karpov's Linares performance the best tournament result in
history.[15]
Karpov defended his FIDE title against Gata Kamsky (+6−3=9) in 1996. In 1998, FIDE largely
scrapped the old system of Candidates' Matches, instead having a large knockout event in which a
large number of players contested short matches against each other over just a few weeks. In the
first of these events, the FIDE World Chess Championship 1998, champion Karpov was seeded
straight into the final, defeating Viswanathan Anand (+2−2=2, rapid tiebreak 2–0). In the subsequent
cycle, the format was changed, with the champion having to qualify. Karpov refused to defend his
title, and ceased to be FIDE World Champion after the FIDE World Chess Championship 1999.
Towards retirement[edit]
Karpov's outstanding classical tournament play has been seriously limited since 1997, since he
prefers to be more involved in Russian politics. He had been a member of the Supreme
Soviet Commission for Foreign Affairs and the President of the Soviet Peace Fund before the Soviet
Union dissolved. In addition, he had been involved in several disputes with FIDE and became
increasingly disillusioned with chess. In the September 2009 FIDE rating list, he dropped out of the
world's Top 100 for the first time.
Karpov usually limits his play to exhibition events, and has revamped his style to specialize in rapid
chess. In 2002 he won a match against Kasparov, defeating him in a rapid time control match 2½–
1½. In 2006, he tied for first with Kasparov in a blitz tournament, ahead of Korchnoi and Judit
Polgár.[16]
Karpov and Kasparov played a mixed 12-game match from September 21–24, 2009, in Valencia,
Spain. It consisted of four rapid (or semi rapid) and eight blitz games and took place exactly 25 years
after the two players' legendary encounter at the World Chess Championship 1984.[17] Kasparov won
the match 9–3.
Karpov played a match against Yasser Seirawan in 2012 in St. Louis, Missouri, an important center
of the North American chess scene, winning 8–6 (+5−3=6).[18]
In November 2012, he won the Cap d'Agde rapid tournament that bears his name (Anatoly Karpov
Trophy), beating Vassily Ivanchuk (ranked 9th in the October 2012 FIDE world rankings) in the final.

Personal life after retirement[edit]

Since 2005, he has been a member of the Public Chamber of Russia. He has recently involved
himself in several humanitarian causes, such as advocating the use of iodised salt.[19] On December
17, 2012, Karpov supported[20] the law in the Russian Parliament banning adoption of Russian
orphans by citizens of the US.
Karpov expressed support of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, and accused
Europe of trying to demonize Putin.[21] In August 2019, Maxim Dlugy said that Karpov had been
waiting since March for the approval of a non-immigrant visa to the United States, despite frequently
visiting the country since 1972. Karpov had been scheduled to teach a summer camp at the Chess
Max Academy. Dlugy said that Karpov had been questioned at the US embassy in Moscow about
whether he planned to communicate with American politicians.[22]

Candidate for FIDE Presidency[edit]

In March 2010 Karpov announced that he would be a candidate for the presidency of FIDE. The
election took place in September 2010 at the 39th Chess Olympiad.[23] In May a fund-raising event
took place in New York with the participation of his former rival Garry Kasparov and of Magnus
Carlsen, both of whom supported his bid and campaigned for him.[24] Also Nigel Short announced he
supported Karpov's candidacy. However, on September 29, 2010, Kirsan Ilyumzhinov was reelected
as President of FIDE, winning the election by 95 votes to 55.[25]

Style[edit]
Karpov's "boa constrictor"[26] playing style is solidly positional, taking no risks but reacting mercilessly
to any tiny errors made by his opponents. As a result, he is often compared to his idol, the
famous José Raúl Capablanca, the third World Champion. Karpov himself describes his style as
follows:
Let us say the game may be continued in two ways: one of them is a beautiful tactical blow that
gives rise to variations that don't yield to precise calculations; the other is clear positional pressure
that leads to an endgame with microscopic chances of victory.... I would choose [the latter] without
thinking twice. If the opponent offers keen play I don't object; but in such cases I get less
satisfaction, even if I win, than from a game conducted according to all the rules of strategy with its
ruthless logic.[27]

Notable games[edit]
This section uses algebraic notation to describe chess moves.

 Viktor Korchnoi vs. Anatoly Karpov, Moscow 1973 Karpov sacrifices a pawn for a strong center
and queenside attack.
 Anatoly Karpov vs. Gyula Sax, Linares 1983 Karpov sacrifices for an attack that wins the game
20 moves later, after another spectacular sacrifice from Karpov and counter-sacrifice from Sax.
It won the tournament's first brilliancy prize. This was not the first time Karpov used the
sharp Keres Attack (6.g4) – see his win in Anatoly Karpov vs. Vlastimil Hort, Alekhine Memorial
Tournament, Moscow 1971.
 Anatoly Karpov vs. Veselin Topalov, Dos Hermanas 1994 This game features a sham
sacrifice of two pieces, which Karpov regains with a forcing variation culminating in the win of
an exchange with a technically won endgame.

Hobbies[edit]
Karpov's extensive stamp collection of Belgian philately and Belgian Congo stamps and postal
history covering mail from 1742 through 1980 was sold by David Feldman's auction company
between December 2011[28] and 2012. He is also known to have a large chess stamp and chess
book collections. His private chess library consists of over 9000 books.[29]

Honours and awards[edit]

 Order of Merit for the Fatherland, 3rd class (2001) – for outstanding contribution to the
implementation of charitable programmes, the strengthening of peace and friendship between
the peoples
 Order of Friendship (2011) – for his great contribution to strengthening peace and friendship
between peoples and productive social activities
 Order of Lenin (1981)
 Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1978)
 Order of Merit, 2nd class (Ukraine) (November 13, 2006) – for his contribution to the victims of
the Chernobyl disaster
 Order of Holy Prince Daniel of Moscow, 2nd class (1996)
 Order of St. Sergius of Radonezh, 2nd class (2001)
 Medal "For outstanding contribution to the Collector business in Russia"
 Honorary member of the Soviet Philately Society (1979)
 Diploma of the State Duma of the Russian Federation No. 1
 Order "For outstanding achievements in sport" (Republic of Cuba)
 Medal of Tsiolkovsky Cosmonautics Federation of Russia
 Medal "For Strengthening the penal system", 1st and 2nd class
 Breastplate of the 1st degree of the Interior Ministry
 International Association of Chess Press, 9 times voted the best chess player of the year and
awarded the "Chess Oscar"
 Order of Saint Nestor the Chronicler, 1st class
 Asteroid 90414 Karpov is named after Karpov[30]
 Anatoly Karpov International Chess Tournament, an annual round-robin tournament held in his
honour in Poikovsky, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia since 2000[31]

Books[edit]
Karpov has authored or co-authored several books, most of which have been translated into English.

 Karpov, Anatoly; Roshal, Alexander (1979). Chess Is My Life. Pergamon Press. ISBN 0-0802-
3119-5.
 Karpov, Anatoly (1988). The Open Game in Action. Batsford. ISBN 978-0713460964.
 Karpov, Anatoly (1988). The Semi-Open Game in Action. Collier. ISBN 978-0020218012.
 Karpov, Anatoly (1990). The Closed Openings in Action. Collier/MacMillan. ISBN 978-
0020339854.
 Karpov, Anatoly (1990). The Semi-Closed Openings in Action. Collier/MacMillan. ISBN 978-
0020218050.
 Karpov, Anatoly (1990). Karpov on Karpov: Memoirs of a chess world champion. Liberty
Publishing. ISBN 0-689-12060-5. (also a 1992 Simon & Schuster edition)
 Karpov, Anatoly (1992). Beating the Grünfeld. Batsford. ISBN 978-0-7134-6468-9.
 Karpov, Anatoly (2006). Caro-Kann Defence: Advance Variation and Gambit
System. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-9010-1.
 Karpov, Anatoly (2007). My Best Games. Edition Olms. ISBN 3-2830-1002-1.
 Karpov, Anatoly; Henley, Ron (2007). Elista Diaries: Karpov–Kamsky, Karpov–Anand, Anand
Mexico City 2007 World Chess Championship Matches. Batsford. ISBN 0-923891-97-8.
 Karpov, Anatoly (2007). How To Play The English Opening. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-9065-9.

References[edit]
 1. ^ van Reem, Eric (August 11, 2005). "Karpov, Kortchnoi win Unzicker Gala". ChessBase.com.
Retrieved July 2, 2009.
2. ^ However, in his 1994 book "My Best Games" Karpov says he played some 200 tournaments and
matches, and won more than 100.
3. ^ How Karpov Wins, p. xiii
4. ^ Deep Blue: An Artificial Intelligence Milestone, p. 44
5. ^ Chess Life & Review, Volume 33. p. 539
6. ^ "Anatoly Karpov's Best Games".
7. ^ Karpov, A. (1992). Karpov on Karpov: A Memoirs of a Chess World Champion. Atheneum. ISBN 0-
689-12060-5.
8. ^ "EU-ch U18 f-A 6768 1967 – 365Chess.com Tournaments". 365chess.com. Retrieved October
20, 2013.
9. ^ "Wch U20 fin-A 1969 – 365Chess.com Tournaments". 365chess.com. Retrieved October 20, 2013.
10. ^ "Caracas 1970 – 365Chess.com Tournaments". 365chess.com. Retrieved October 20,2013.
11. ^ Kasparov, My Great Predecessors, part IV: Fischer, p. 474
12. ^ In an article (PDF) published in 2004 on the Chesscafe website Susan Polgar wrote: "I spoke to
Boris Spassky about this same issue and he believes that Bobby would have won in 1975, but that
Anatoly would have won the rematch."
13. ^ Seirawan, Yasser. Winning Chess Strategies. Microsoft Press. ISBN 978-1857443851.
14. ^ 1984 Karpov–Kasparov Title Match Highlights Mark Weeks' Chess Pages
15. ^ Facts and figures: Magnus Carlsen's performance in Nanjing. ChessBase.com. Retrieved on 2009-
10-26.
16. ^ "The Credit Suisse Blitz – in pictures". ChessBase. August 27, 2006. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
17. ^ "Kasparov and Karpov to play 12 games match in Valencia". Chessdom. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
18. ^ "Karpov, Seirawan Head to Rapid Play in Saint Louis". St Louis Chess Club. Retrieved June
12, 2012.
19. ^ "Stories from the region". www.unicef.org. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
20. ^ "(2 чтение) ФЗ №186614-6 "О мерах воздействия на лиц, причастных к нарушению
основополагающих прав и свобод человека, прав и свобод граждан РФ" – Система анализа
результатов голосований на заседаниях Государственной Думы". vote.duma.gov.ru.
Retrieved March 26, 2018.
21. ^ Кожемякин, Владимир. "Анатолий Карпов: Европа пытается демонизировать Путина, а не
Россию". www.aif.ru. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
22. ^ "Russian chess legend Anatoly Karpov unable to get U.S. visa, friend says". Reuters. August 22,
2019. Retrieved August 22, 2019.
23. ^ chessvibes article Archived March 5, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
24. ^ "Big Karpov fund-raiser in New York". chessbase.com. May 18, 2010. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
25. ^ "Kirsan Ilyumzhinov wins 2010 FIDE elections". Chessdom.com. 2010.
26. ^ "Karpov the boa constrictor". The Guardian. September 7, 2010. Retrieved May 7,2014.
27. ^ Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1996). The Oxford Companion to Chess. Oxford: Oxford University
Press. p. 192. ISBN 0192800493. Retrieved September 26, 2016.
28. ^ "Belgium collection formed by Anatoly Karpov". David Feldman. 2011. Archived from the original on
January 2, 2013. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
29. ^ "Anatoly Karpov: The Owner of the Unique Stamp Collection". Watch-Clone.com. Archived from the
original on February 18, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
30. ^ "Kasparov – Karpov Valencia 2009, day 3 LIVE! - Chessdom". tournaments.chessdom.com.
Retrieved March 26, 2018.
31. ^ "Background of the tournament". 3rd Karpov International Chess Tournament official website.
Retrieved August 28, 2015.

Further reading[edit]
 Fine, Rueben (1983). The World's Great Chess Games. Dover. ISBN 0-486-24512-8.
 Hurst, Sarah (2002). Curse of Kirsan: Adventures in the Chess Underworld. Russell
Enterprises. ISBN 978-1-88869-0-156.
 Károlyi, Tibor; Aplin, Nick (2007). "Endgame Virtuoso Anatoly Karpov". New in
Chess. ISBN 978-90-5691-202-4.
 Karolyi, Tibor (2011). Karpov's Strategic Wins 1: The Making of a Champion 1961–1985. Quality
Chess. ISBN 978-1-906552-41-1.
 Karolyi, Tibor (2011). Karpov's Strategic Wins 2: The Prime Years 1986–2009. Quality
Chess. ISBN 978-1-906552-42-8.
 Karpov, Anatoly (2003). Anatoly Karpov's Best Games. Batsford. ISBN 0-7134-7843-8.
 Kasparov, Garry (2006). "My Great Predecessors, part V". Everyman Chess. ISBN 1-85744-
404-3.
 Markland, Peter (1975). The Best of Karpov. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-217534-2.
 Winter, Edward G., editor (1981).World Chess Champions. Pergamon Press. ISBN 0-08-
024094-1.

External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations
related to: Anatoly Karpov

Wikimedia Commons has

media related to Anatoly
Karpov.

 Karpov's official homepage (in Russian)

 Anatoly Karpov chess games at 365Chess.com
 Anatoly Karpov player profile and games at Chessgames.com
 Anatoly Karpov team chess record at Olimpbase.org
 Edward Winter, List of Books About Karpov and Korchnoi
 25 minute video interview with Karpov, OnlineChessLessons.NET, June 19, 2012
 Happy Birthday! Anatoly Karpov turns sixty, Chessbase News, May 23, 2011
 "Anatoly Karpov tells all" (2015 interview by Sport Express, translated by ChessBase): part
1, part 2, part 3, part 4

Awards

Preceded by World Chess Champion

Bobby Fischer 1975–1985

Preceded by FIDE World Chess Champion

Garry Kasparov 1993–1999

Achievements

Preceded by World No. 1

Bobby Fischer January 1, 1976 – December 31, 1983
Garry Kasparov July 1, 1985 – December 31, 1985