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User Guide
INPLANT 4.0 Use of the INPLANT program, and its component parts and subsystems,
User’s Guide is governed by the terms and conditions of a separate written agreement
between your employer and Invensys Systems, Inc., its subsidiaries or
affiliates.
Copyright Notice Copyright © 2006 Invensys Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of
the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo-
copying, recording, broadcasting, or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from Invensys Systems,
Inc.
Trademarks INPLANT, NETOPT, Invensys, SimSci-Esscor, and The Power of
Simulation3 are trademarks of Invensys plc, its subsidiaries, and affili-
ates. TACITE is a trademark of Institut Francais du Petrole (IFP).
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All other products noted herein are trademarks of their respective compa-
nies.
U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS LEGEND
The Software and accompanying written materials are provided with
restricted rights. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is
subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) (ii) of the Rights
in Technical Data And Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-
7013 or in subparagraphs (c) (1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer
Software-Restricted Rights clause at 48 C.F.R. 52.227-19, as applicable.
The Contractor/Manufacturer is: Invensys Systems, Inc. (Invensys
SimSci-Esscor) 26561 Rancho Parkway South, Suite 100, Lake Forest,
CA 92630, USA.
Printed in the United States of America, November 2006
Table of Contents
Chapter 1
Introduction
About This Manual. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
About INPLANT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
About SimSci-Esscor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Where to Find INPLANT Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Online Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Online Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Where to Find Additional Help . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Technical Support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
Chapter 2
Using the INPLANT GUI
Graphical User Interface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
Menu Bar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Toolbar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
Use of Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
Chapter 3
Defining an INPLANT Problem
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Input Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Defining Fluid Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Compositional Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5
Non-Compositional Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
Pipe Global Defaults. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-12
Pressure Drop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
Calculation Methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14
User Guide TOC-1
Chapter 4
Building the INPLANT Flowsheet
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Drawing a Flowsheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Connecting the Nodes With Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Entering Node Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Mandatory Node Input Data for Network Boundary Problems . . . . . 4-4
Mandatory Node Input data for Flare Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
INPLANT Flare Problem Calculations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-6
INPLANT Flare Problem Depressuring Vessel Calculations. . . . . . . 4-7
Entering Mandatory Compositional Data for Source Nodes . . . . . . . 4-10
Specifying Fluid Composition Directly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-10
Specifying Fluid Composition via Reference to Another Source. . . . 4-11
Specifying Fluid Composition Via Distillation Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-12
Entering mandatory non-compositional data for source nodes. . . . . . 4-13
Entering Link Input Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-13
Adding devices to links. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-15
Deleting/Pasting devices from links: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Copying Devices Within Links: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16
Link Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-17
Pipe Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-20
Equipment Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-21
Work Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-22
Heat Transfer Devices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-23
Flowrate Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-24
Control Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-25
General DPDT Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Pipe Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Coupling Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-26
Entrance/Exit Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28
Control Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-28
Chapter 5
Optional INPLANT Calculations
Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Setting Up Case Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Flare Network Sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Line Sizing Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Relief Valve Sizing Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Flow Device Schedule Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Relief Valve Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
TOC-2
User-defined Phase Splitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Chapter 6
Running an INPLANT Problem
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Running the Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-1
Viewing INPLANT Output and Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-2
Generating Excel Reports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
Printing Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6-3
About INPLANT
The INPLANT program is a steady-state, fluid flow simulator for
designing, rating, and analyzing plant piping systems. Engineers
can quickly rate and analyze the safety of plant piping systems via
the INPLANT Graphic User Interface for Microsoft® Windows®
Operating Systems. INPLANT also enables the design of new
piping systems or the revamp of a wide variety of existing systems.
Applications range from simple, single pipe sizing and rating
calculations to large, multiphase fluid piping networks with
complex, nested-loop topology. INPLANT easily solves relief
system problems involving networks with single or multiphase
fluids at high velocities or in critical flow.
About SimSci-Esscor
For nearly 40 years, SimSci-Esscor has been a leader in the
development and deployment of process simulation software,
services, and complete solutions for oil and gas production,
hydrocarbon and specialty chemical processing and refining, and
fossil and nuclear power. Benefit from products that minimize
capital requirements, optimize facility performance, maximize ROI,
and produce assets for:
• Plant engineering design and simulation
• Integrated process engineering (FEED)
• Pipeline production analysis
• Asset model management
• Operational analysis
• Optimization
• Process control
• Dynamic simulation
1-2 Introduction
• Operator training
Design/Operate/Optimize a safe and profitable plant subject to ever
more stringent market and regulatory constraints. SimSci-Esscor
software solutions are indispensable tools in solving these three
increasingly complex challenges simultaneously. SimSci-Esscor is
a business unit of Invensys Process Systems, owned by
Invensys, plc.
Online Help
INPLANT comes with online Help, a comprehensive online
reference tool that accesses information quickly. In Help,
commands, features, and data fields are explained in easy steps.
Answers are available instantly, online, while you work. All dialog
boxes in INPLANT GUI have help buttons and clicking on the Help
button will take you to the help content relevant for that feature.
You can also access the electronic Contents for Help by selecting
Help/Contents from the menu bar. A Road Map to Online Help will
be displayed where you can select the help document you wish to
view. From the desired online help document you can do a search
for the desired topic. If you choose a .HLP file, you can search by
selecting Help/Search for from the menu bar. If you choose a .PDF
formatted document, you can use all the available Acrobat Reader
search features to find the topic of interest. Please refer to Acrobat
Reader online help for information concerning Acrobat Reader
features.
Technical Support
SimSci-Esscor and its agents around the world provide technical
support and service for PES products. If you have any questions
regarding the use of the program or the interpretation of output
produced by the program, contact your local SimSci-Esscor
representative for advice or consultation.
When calling one of the Technical Support Centers, be prepared to
describe your problem or the type of assistance required. Also, to
expedite your call, complete the following steps before calling
Technical Support:
• Have the installation CD and all the provided documentation
available.
• Determine the type of computer you are using.
• Determine the amount of free disk space available on the disk
on which the product is installed.
• Note the exact actions you were takinwhen the problem
occurred, as well as the steps you took leading up to that point.
• Note the exact error messages that appear on your screen, as
well as any other symptoms.
1-4 Introduction
Both new and experienced users will benefit significantly from
attending one of SimSci-Esscor’s regularly scheduled training
courses on PES products. If you would like to obtain a list of
courses available, or if you have any questions relating to the use of
a PES product, its methods, data, or technology, please call your
nearest SimSci-Esscor support office.
To contact your nearest SimSci-Esscor support office, select and
click Technical Support...from the Help menu. A Help desk page is
displayed. Click the Support Centres link to view the contact details
of your nearest support centre. The SimSci-Esscor support centres
are also hosted on our website. Please visit the following link:
http://www.simsci-esscor.com/us/eng/support/supportlocations/default.htm
Menu Bar
The Menu Bar is divided into six menu lists as shown in Figure 2-2.
Each menu list contains a group of related functions and
commands. Any menu option that is followed by an ellipsis (...)
brings up a dialog box for more information. Any menu option
without an ellipsis simply performs the desired command
immediately.
To open the menu list:
• Click the left mouse key on the menu name.
• Then click on the desired menu option.
To open the menu list from the keyboard:
• Hold down the Alt key and press the underlined letter corre-
sponding to the desired menu list.
• Continue holding the Alt key down and press the underlined
letter corresponding to the desired menu option.
The File menu, shown in Figure 2-3, contains items for accessing
the GUI database as well as the keyword input file. See Table 2-1
for a detailed description of each item. This menu allows the user to
import a keyword input file into the GUI database, edit the problem,
and then export the GUI problem as a keyword input file. This
keyword input file can then be run by the INPLANT calculation
module, which produces a keyword output file. Portions of the
keyword output file can be printed, saved to the clipboard, or the
converged results can be transferred into the initial guesses of the
GUI problem. Finally, the user can exit from the INPLANT GUI
when done.
Generate Excel <Alt+V><G> Allows the user to select and generate the
Report... reports required in an excel output.
The Special Features menu, shown in Figure 2-7, contains items for
optional calculation methods, such as running several problems
together as a case study or sizing the line diameters and/or relief
valves. See Table 2-5 for a detailed description of each item. The
user can also modify the relief valve database and the pipe schedule
database. For steam junctions, the preferential splitting at a tee
intersection can be defined.
The Help menu, shown in Figure 2-8, contains items for accessing
the on-line hypertext help system. See Table 2-6 for a detailed
description of each item. The About INPLANT menu option shows
which version of the INPLANT GUI you are running. You should
note which version you have before calling for Technical Support.
Toolbar
The toolbar contains command buttons which duplicate the most
commonly used features from the menu bar. As shown in
Figure 2-9, the toolbar is divided into four groups of command
buttons:
• File Manipulation buttons
• Unit Operation and Optimization buttons
• Component Library, Property and Calculation Options buttons
• Zoom, Refresh and Find buttons.
See Table 2-7 for a detailed description of each button. While the
mouse cursor is over each toolbar button, a brief description
appears in the message bar below.
Saves the current problem. This is the same as the File menu
option Save.
Run the problem. While the program is running, the icon will
“run in place”. This is the same as the File menu option Run.
Generates an excel report of the results. This is the same as
the View Output menu option Generate Excel Reports.
Print the selected output summary reports or send them to the
clipboard. This is the same as the File menu option Print.
or Adds a source node to the flowsheet diagram. After clicking
on the button, simply click again in the flowsheet where you
want the source. The icon changes to a flare source for flare
problems.
or Adds a sink node to the flowsheet diagram. After clicking on
the button, simply click again in the flowsheet where you
want the sink. The icon changes to a flare sink for flare
problems. If the icon color is dark yellow, then no more sinks
are allowed.
Adds a junction node to the flowsheet diagram. After clicking
on the button, simply click again in the flowsheet where you
want the junction. If the icon color is dark yellow, then no
more junctions are allowed.
Adds a manifold unit to the flowsheet diagram. The unit helps
in creating a stable network model.
Adds a calculator to the flowsheet diagram. The calculator is
used to perform calculations on the information from the
flowsheet and transfer the results to other unit operation on
the flowsheet.
Adds a hydrate unit to the flowsheet. The Hydrates unit
predicts the pressure and temperature regime in which the
fluid at a node (source, sink, or junction) is vulnerable to
hydrate formation.
Displays the input units of measurement window to define
units at a global level.
Displays the component library window to specify component
data for compositional fluids.
Displays the fluid property data window to specify the
thermodynamic or PVT data.
Displays the network calculation methods window to enter
the network calculation data.
Displays the Pipe Global Defaults window to enter the global
defaults for the pipe.
Use of Color
Color is used on the flowsheet diagram to indicate the status of the
input data for each node and link, as listed in Table 2-8. If all nodes
and links are blue, then the problem is fully defined. Any red node
or link is missing data and will prevent the problem from running.
The currently selected node or link is green.
Table 2-8: Use of Color in INPLANT Application Windows
Color Meaning
BLUE This indicates that all required data has been supplied for the node
or link and the program will be able to execute the simulation.
RED This indicates that there is required data still remaining to be
completed for the node or link before the program will be able to
execute the simulation.
GREEN This indicates the currently selected node or link on the main
screen. Any commands (such as delete or copy) will be performed
upon all of the selected nodes or links.
GRAY This indicates that the node or link is disabled and will not be
included when executing the simulation.
Dialog boxes use a combination of black and gray text to inform the
user which options are available and which are not, as listed in
Table 2-9. All black items are immediately available. If an edit field
or command button is gray, then it is not available. With groups of
radio buttons, the fields associated with the non-selected radio
buttons are usually unavailable, and are grayed out. To activate
some items, it may be necessary to change a setting on another
dialog box.
GRAY A gray item is currently unavailable to the user. Either the current
problem definition does not allow that option, or another action is
required. For example, a paste button may not be active until
something is cut and transferred into the paste buffer.
Overview
The INPLANT Graphical User Interface (GUI) is designed to
minimize the time required to create a problem, run it, and view the
output. By drawing a flowsheet diagram on the screen, the engineer
can easily define and analyze a complex problem. Input data is
entered and output data is viewed simply by double-clicking on a
node icon or a link line. INPLANT input preparation proceeds in
the following fashion.
Input Preparation
Defining an INPLANT problem
1. Define problem type.
2. Define input dimensions.
3. Define fluid properties.
4. Draw flowsheet.
5. Enter node and link data.
For construction of new problems, the first three steps of this
process will automatically be accessed by the program. Once the
problem definition is complete, the flowsheet diagram can be
completed in any order. The flowsheet can be completely drawn
before entering data, or data can be entered as nodes and links are
added to the flowsheet.
Upon entering the program, you must first choose between opening
an existing problem or creating a new one. INPLANT simulations
files are stored in the standard Windows directory and file structure.
Compositional Fluid
Follow the steps below on the Component Data dialog box, shown
in Figure 3-3, to select the components. More than 1750 pure
library components are available from SimSci's extensive
thermodynamics database. Petroleum pseudo-components may also
be defined for crude oil systems where the hydrocarbon fluid spans
a wide range of molecular weights. Several petroleum methods are
available, each of which uses a different empirical correlation to
estimate the physical properties of the petroleum pseudo-
components.
Non-Compositional Fluids
For non-compositional problems, fluid property sets are input
through the Fluid Property Data dialog box, shown in Figure 3-7.
This dialog is opened by selecting the PVT Data option under the
General menu. For new, non-compositional problems this dialog is
automatically opened and a new fluid property set is added.
INPLANT allows up to 99 property sets to be defined, each of
which should have a unique set of fluid property data.
Note: To save computer time using a *.PVT file, all sources must
have the identical composition. Once two different fluids are mixed,
INPLANT reverts back to performing flash calculations.
A global default for the heat transfer from the pipe can be set by
providing the ambient temperature and the heat transfer conditions:
above ground, below ground, underwater, or a constant heat transfer
coefficient. Unless otherwise specified, the ambient temperature
will be 80°F and the heat transfer coefficient will be 1 Btu/hr-ft2-F.
The overall heat transfer coefficient (U-value) can always be
Pressure Drop
Unless otherwise specified, the method used to calculate the
pressure drop is Beggs & Brill - Moody (BBM) for multiphase flow
and Moody for single-phase flow. Overall, BBM is applicable over
a wide range of flow conditions and smoothly transitions to the
Moody correlation when the flow is single-phase. For high velocity
and critical flow systems, use the Beggs & Brill - Moody High
Velocity (BMHV) model. See Appendix A in the INPLANT
Keyword Manual for more information on the available pressure
drop methods.
Calculation Methods
The Calculation Methods option under the General menu is used to
control how the INPLANT calculations are performed. The
available calculation parameters for the Calculation Methods dialog
box are shown in Figure 3-11. If the minimum or maximum
pressure or temperature is exceeded, INPLANT will abort the
calculation. Calculation aspects such as heat transfer or the pressure
drop due to acceleration may be neglected.
Overview
Your INPLANT flowsheet is drawn on the main application
window workshops and is made up of nodes and links.
In this chapter you will learn how to:
• Draw the nodes and connect them with links
• Enter input data for nodes and links
The nodes and links may be drawn on the flowsheet before entering
any input data, or the input data may be entered as each piece of the
flowsheet is added.
Drawing a Flowsheet
The nodes are icons that represent sources, junctions and sinks. The
types of nodes, their icons, and restrictions on their use are listed in
Figure 4-1. New source, sink, and junction nodes can be created
directly from the toolbar.
Note: If an API heat input model is being used, the wetted area
must also be given.
The toolbar on the left can be used to save or cancel the changes, or
make more changes. The function of the individual toolbar buttons
are listed in Table 4-5. The toolbar buttons can also be accessed
from the keyboard by typing the underlined <letter>; this is
different from selecting a menu bar option because the <Alt> key is
not needed. A device can be edited either from the toolbar or by
double-clicking on the device icon. Any device icon selected by a
single mouse click appears with a green border, and can be deleted
or copied to the buffer.The arrow keys can also be used to move
between device icons. Information on the currently selected device
is displayed in the status bar at the bottom of the window.
To delete/paste a device:
• Double-click on the link. The Link Device Data window
appears for that link. This window will display the link with any
devices already assigned.
• Click on the device icon on the link that you wish to delete to
highlight it.
• Click Cut on the toolbar to remove the device.
• The deleted device is placed onto the INPLANT clipboard
• If the delete was unintentional, restore the device by clicking
the Paste button. By default the device will be pasted after the
selected rows device if not indicate otherwise.
• Select the row above the cut row to paste the device back into
its previous position.
• Click OK on the Link Device Data window to complete editing
of the link.
To copy a device:
• Double-click on the link. The Link Device Data window for the
link. This window will display the link with any devices already
assigned.
• Click on the device icon that you wish to copy to another loca-
tion on the link.
• Click Copy on the toolbar to copy the device to a buffer.
Link Devices
The icon palette on the right side of the window contains 22 device
icons: one pipe device, ten pipe fitting devices, and eleven
equipment devices. A brief description of each device, what its icon
looks like, what data is required, and any restrictions on its use are
listed in Table 4-6. Pipes and pipe fittings are always available.
Depending on the problem type and fluid type, some equipment
devices may not be available.
For comprehensive technical information regarding these devices,
consult the Inplant Keyword Manual.
Table 4-6: Device Data Window Icons
Icon Device Description
Pipe Device
Pipe The pipe device models the pressure drop across
a length of pipe. The pipe length, diameter, and
elevation change are required.
Equipment Devices
INPLANT has eleven equipment devices, which can be grouped
into five categories: work devices, heat transfer devices, flowrate
devices, control devices, and a general DPDT device. Work devices
include pumps for liquids, compressors for gases, and expanders for
steam systems. Heat transfer devices include heaters and coolers.
Flowrate devices include sales devices to remove fluid, separators
to remove specific phases of the fluid, and injection devices to
reintroduce separated phases or inject a lateral source stream.
Control devices include a regulator to bleed off excess pressure and
Work Devices
Pumps and compressors are used to increase the pressure in liquid
and gas systems, adding work to the fluid. The temperature increase
through a pump/compressor depends on the flowrate, the fluid heat
capacity and the adiabatic efficiency; any work that does not
increase the system pressure is added directly to the fluid enthalpy.
On the pump dialog box, shown in Figure 4-11, the outlet
conditions can be set in three different ways: the pump horsepower,
the outlet pressure, or a pump curve can be defined. To define a
pump curve, the differential head and adiabatic efficiency must be
given for a range of flowrates.
Cutoff values can be set for the maximum outlet pressure and the
maximum pump power. If the outlet pressure or pump power
exceeds the cutoff value, then the cutoff value is used as the new
outlet condition. The Number of Stages for the pump can be
Flowrate Devices
Flowrate devices are used to add or subtract fluid from the system.
The separator device, shown in Figure 4-13, removes a portion of a
specific phase, either vapor, total liquid, water, or hydrocarbon. The
fluid removed can be defined either by the total flowrate or as a
percentage of the fluid phase. If the liquid phase is separated into a
water phase and a hydrocarbon phase, an amount may be specified
for both phases.
The injection device has two uses: to inject fluid from a lateral
source stream, or to reinject a separated stream. A lateral source is
defined by defining a source without attaching the source to the
system with a link and is only allowed for single-link problems. The
injection device is then used to set the injection point of the fluid.
When a separated stream is reinjected, the separator name and the
fluid phase must be specified. By default the fluid enthalpy is
calculated at the pipe pressure and the separator temperature. If
desired, the pressure and temperature used to determine the fluid
enthalpy can be changed. The separator device and injection device
are only available for compositional fluids.
Control Devices
Control devices include the regulator device which releases excess
pressure, and the choke device which restricts the flowrate. For a
regulator device, the maximum downstream pressure must be
given; if the pressure exceeds this value, then it is reset to the
maximum value. This can help in network convergence by
preventing large oscillations in the pressure. For the choke device,
the choke diameter must be given. The pressure drop across the
choke is a strong function of the flowrate and the choke diameter.
The pressure drop calculation can be modified by changing the
resistance coefficient.
Pipe Fittings
INPLANT calculates the pressure drop associated with ten different
pipe fittings, which can be grouped in three categories: coupling
fittings, entrance/exit fittings, and control fittings. Coupling fittings
include pipe bends, pipe tees where the flow splits or merges, and
contraction and expansion fittings used to connect two different
diameters of pipe. Entrance/exit fittings include the entrance of
fluid into a pipe from a vessel or storage tank, the exit of fluid from
the pipe into a vessel, and the exit of fluid through a nozzle. Control
fittings include the venturimeter which measures the flowrate, and
orifices and valves which restrict the flowrate.
Coupling Fittings
Coupling fittings are used to connect pipe sections together, either
changing the pipe direction (bend), adding a third pipe (tee), or
changing the pipe diameter (contraction/expansion). For the Pipe
Bend Fitting window, shown in Figure 4-14, the inside diameter is
required, either in actual units or defined in the pipe database as a
nominal diameter and schedule. Both the inside diameter and
roughness take the pipe global default parameters from the Global
Default... window under the General menu. A standard elbow or
mitre bend can be chosen for angles between 0 and 90 degrees. For
bends greater than 90 degrees, the angle and curvature (R/D) can be
specified.
Control Fittings
Control fittings include the orifice fitting which has a fixed
opening, the venturimeter fitting which measures the flowrate, and
the valve fitting which is used to control the flowrate. The required
data for the orifice and venturimeter fittings is similar to the nozzle
fitting, requiring the pipe diameter and the orifice/venturimeter
diameter. The resistance coefficient, specific heat ratio, and two-
phase flow model coefficients can be changed from the default
values. For the orifice fitting, a thin or thick orifice plate can be
specified.
Fourteen different types of valves are available on the Valve Fitting
window, shown in Figure 4-15. Both the inlet and the outlet
diameters of the valve must be given. The default K-multiplier
depends on the valve type chosen; some valve types have a range of
K multipliers, depending on the specific valve details. If other data
are available, the K multiplier or the value of K itself can be
specified directly, as well as the two-phase flow model coefficients.
For gate valves, ball valves, and tilting disc check valves, the angle
of the valve can be specified. For velocity-dependent valves, the
minimum velocity to keep the valve open can be supplied.
Overview
This chapter contains information on the optional calculations
available with INPLANT. These include the Case Study, Flare
Network Sizing (Line Sizing and Relief Valve Sizing), as well as
specifying alternative pipe and valve databases. The user-defined
Phase Splitting at steam tee junctions can also be specified.
In this chapter you will learn how to:
• Set up and run multiple case studies
• Perform line sizing and relief valve sizing calculations
• Specify and modify the valve and pipe databases
• Specify steam phase splitting.
• Click the Activate and/or Enter Line Sizing Data check box.
• Select your sizing options, either Maximum Erosional Velocity
or a Velocity Curve. For flare problems, the Approach to Criti-
cal Velocity, Approach to Critical Velocity and Velocity Curve is
also available.
Overview
After you have prepared the data for the problem as described in
Chapter 3, Defining an INPLANT Problem and Chapter 4, Building
the INPLANT Flowsheet, you are ready to perform the calculations.
The INPLANT calculations obtain all input data from a keyword
input file. If you entered data through the GUI, INPLANT will
create the input file before running the calculations. If you need to
edit the keyword file, you must first create the input file.
• Select the run and action type from the respective drop down
lists.
• Click the Run button. The status of the simulation run is shown
in the Run Status window. If the simulation run is successful,
the same is indicated in the Run Status window. If the input data
entered is wrong, during the simulation run, errors and warn-
ings are notified in the Run Status window. The error and warn-
ing messsages can be viewed in the output file.
If you have created an input file entirely using keyword entry, or if
you have modified an existing keyword file, you can import the
keyword file into the GUI database and run the calculations.
• Select all the options under Run Options. Click Run Current
Network. This will generate an excel report for the current
problem and for the options listed under Run Options.
Printing Reports
• Click the Print button in the Run Simulation and View Results
dialog box. The report for the current problem is printed.