Cardio Lecture

Anatomy of the heart

Cardiovascular system
Blood flows from the right atrium to the right ventricle and
then is pumped to the lungs to receive oxygen. From the
lungs, the blood flows to the left atrium, then to the left
ventricle. From there it is pumped to the systemic
circulation.

 The pulmonary vessels transport blood from the

right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left
atrium.
 The systemic vessels carry blood from the left
ventricle to the tissues in all parts of the body and
then returns the blood to the right atrium.

Boundaries of the heart

• Anterior: sternum
• Posterior: aorta thoracica
• Superior: superior mediastinum
• Inferior : diaphragm

The heart is located in the chest between

the lungs behind the sternum and above
the diaphragm. Its size is about that of a
fist, and its weight is about 250-300 g.

Heart topography
• Located in medial mediastinum
• 2/3 lies in the left4 of median plane
• Upper part: VT 4
• Lower part: Diaphragm (VT 8)

Projection of anterior of the heart

Atas : costa 2
Bawah : intercosta 5 kiri, midclavivular
Kanan : intercosta 2-5 kanan, cartilago costa
Kiri : intercosta 2-5 kiri
Pericardium
Is a fibroserous sac
surrounding the heart, consists of two components:
• Fibrous pericardium
• Serous pericardium
- Parietal later
- Visceral layer (epicardium)
• Pericardial cavity
- Space between parietal and visceral layer
containing fluid

Sulci of the heart

• Coronary sulcus
- Separating the atria from the ventricle
- Contain right coronary artery, small cardiac vein,
sinus coronary, circumflex branch of left coronary
artery
• Anterior interventricular sulcus
- In the anterior surface
- Contains great cardiac vein and anterior
interventricular artery branch of left coronary a
• Posterior interventricular sulcus
- in the posterior-inferior surface
- Contain middle cardiac vein, posterior branch of
right coronary artery