A starter is needed for a three phase induction motor

because at the time of starting, if induction motor is

started directly, it will draw large amount of current

which causes damage to adjoining equipments.

Thus, a starter is needed in order to limit the starting

current.After the motor has started at reduced starting

current and hence reduced voltage, the connections are

diverted towards the mains supply so that now, the motor

can run at higher starting current and voltage.

Four types of starting methods are employed:

1.Star-Delta

2.Auto transformer method

3.Primary resistor starting.

4.Direct On-line.

Low rating upto 7 H.P motors can be started directly.

Star – delta starter

The starting current of any heavy electric motor can be more than 4 times the normal load
current it draws when it has gained speed and has reached its normal running output power and
temperature.

So, if it were started simply when connected in DELTA, the starting current would be huge and -
just to be able to start the motor, not to run it normally - would require:

• large circuit breakers, big enough to allow the start-up surge current to pass without
immediately shutting it off. (But the breakers would then be much too big to be able to
protect the motor from over-current faults whilst it is running normally.)
• very thick 3-phase power service cables. (But the cable would then be much bigger than
is necessary whilst the motor is running normally.)
 • very large coils and contacts on the relays or contactors used to control the motor. (But
they would then be much bigger than is necessary whilst the motor is running normally.)

One solution to this problem is to start the motor in STAR and then, when the motor has gained
sufficient speed, change its connections to DELTA to allow the motor to run at its full speed and
torque from then on. It's a bit like using the gears of an automobile.

Update: Electronic motor-control systems, which offer soft-starts in DELTA configuration, are
now replacing the use of manual or semi-automatic star-delta starters.

Technical explanation

When the windings of a 3-phase motor are connected in STAR:

• the voltage applied to each winding is reduced to only (1 /.'/'3) [1 divided by root three] of
the voltage applied to the winding when it is connected directly across two incoming
power service line phases in DELTA.
• the current per winding is reduced to only (1 /.'/'3) [1 divided by root three] of the normal
running current taken when it is connected in DELTA.

• so, because of the Power Law V [in volts] x I [in amps] = P [in watts],

the total output power when the motor is connected in STAR is:

PS = [VL x (1/.'/'3)] x [ID x (1/.'/'3 )] = PD x (1/3) [one third of the power in DELTA]

where:
VL is the line-to-line voltage of the incoming 3-phase power service
ID is the line current drawn in DELTA
PS is the total power the motor can produce when running in STAR
PD is the total power it can produce when running in DELTA.

• a further disadvantage when the motor is connected in STAR is that the total output
torque is only 1/3 of the total torque it can produce when running in DELTA.

diff

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter
&automatic star delta starter?
Answer A DOL starter connects the motor 3 Prakash
#1 terminals directly to the
power supply. Hence, the motor is
subjected to the full
voltage of the power supply.
 Consequently, high starting
current flows through the motor.
This type of starting is
suitable for small motors below 5 hp
(3.75 kW). Reduced-
voltage starters are employed with
motors above 5 hp.
Although DOL motor starters are
available for motors less
than 150 kW on 400 V and for motors
less than 1 MW on 6.6
kV. Supply reliability and reserve
power generation
dictates the use of reduced voltage
or not

To reduce the starting current of an

induction motor the
voltage across the motor need to be
reduced. This can be
done by autotransformer starter,
star-delta starter or
resistor starter. Now-a-days VVVF
drive used extensively
for speed control serves this
purpose also.

189
Is This Answer Yes
Correct ? 19 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer in dolstarte the motor is directly 3 Niranajn
#2 fed from the line and
in star delta starter ther motor is
started initially from
star and later during running from
delta

150
Is This Answer Yes
Correct ? 18 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer In case of Star Delta starter the 5 Suresh Pulipati
# 3 motor intially will run
in star connection and when 80% of
rated speed picks, the
motor change over to delta
connection. With this star delta
connection we are able to reduce
starting current by 1/3 of
DOL starting current and starting
torque also.

85
Is This Answer Yes
Correct ? 12 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer Whenever you start a big heavy 0 Cool
# 4 electric motor, you need to
start it slowly to prevent the rotor
overheating and
drawing an enormous current. When
the windings of a 3-phase
motor are connected in STAR the
current is reduced to only
root three of the normal running
current that is taken when
it is connected in DELTA.

43
Is This Answer Correct Yes
? 5 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer to woh much hp motor we will use 0 Jagdish
# 5 stare delta
8
Ye
Is This Answer Correct s
? 22 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer In DOL starter full line voltage is 0 Ankur
fed to motor which will
 #6 start motor with a shock, it also Mishra(moradabad)
draws very high current
than rated current(around 6 times),
but if we use star-
delta starter , the motor starts as
a star connection later
which is converted in to delta.
using star connection the line
voltage is devided in two
phase voltages, also impedence is
also increased due to two
star windings which result in low
starting current and low
torque which will prevent motor to
run with shock.
another difference is DOL starting
takes less time while
star-delta takes more time to run at
rated speed.

20
Is This Answer Correct Yes
? 2 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer in dol motor is supplied full line 0 Dipanshu Singh
#7 voltage hence torque
will be more, whereas in star delta
the voltage is reduced
by root 3 times hence torque reduced

9
Ye
Is This Answer s
Correct ? 0 No

Re: What is the d/f between DOL & star delta starter & automatic star
delta starter?
Answer in induction motor the torque is
# 8 propotional to squre of
supply voltage in case of dol the
motor directly connected
to supply so torque is more while in
star delta the motor
is firstly connected to star hence
voltage is reduced
torque will be less and when motor
reaches its 80% of speed
it connects with delta with the help
of timer then full
voltage is supplied hence less
rating motor should be
started with dol but for high rating
it should be with star
delta