LIFE PROCESSES – CONTROL AND

2 CO-ORDINATION
I. Multiple choice questions: Tick (3) the correct choice.
1. Chemical control in organisms is brought about by
(a) enzymes (b) neurons (c) hormones (d) all the above
Ans. (c)
2. Master endocrine gland is
(a) thyroid
Ans. (b)

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(a) pituitary gland
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(b) pituitary (c) pancreas (d) adrenal

3. The hormone thyroxine is secreted by

(b) adrenal gland

A
L ION
A
(c) thyroid gland
Ans. (c)
4. Insulin is secreted by
(a) pancreas
(d) pancreas

(b) pituitary gland

Ans. (a)
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(c) thyroid gland (d) adrenal gland

D
5. The message that travels along a nerve is called
(a) impulse
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(b) stimulus (c) response (d) none

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Ans. (a)
6. Nervous system in humans consists of
(a) brain and nerves (b) brain and spinal cord
(c) brain, spinal cord and nerves
T
(d) none of the above

IN
Ans. (c)
7. Memory and intelligence are controlled by
(a) cerebrum (b) medulla oblongata
(c) cerebellum (d) spinal cord
Ans. (a)
8. Heartbeat and breathing are controlled by
(a) cerebrum (b) spinal cord
(c) cerebellum (d) medulla oblongata
Ans. (d)
Biology Class VIII 1 Question Bank
 9. Reflex actions are under the control of
(a) brain (b) medulla oblongata
(c) spinal cord (d) cerebrum
Ans. (c)
10. The coloured part of the eye is called
(a) retina (b) iris (c) lens (d) pupil
Ans. (d)
11. Pinna is a part of

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(a) inner ear (b) external ear (c) middle ear (d) tongue
Ans. (b)

B
12. The brown pigment melanin is present in ____ of skin.

L
(a) Epidermis (b) Fat cells (c) Dermis (d) Hair follicles
Ans. (a)

actions? A
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(a) Medulla
N
A
13. Which of the following parts of the brain control involuntary

(b) Cerebrum (c) Cerebellum (d) Cranium

Ans. (a)
U AT
14. We think with the help of

Ans. (a)
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(a) cerebrum (b) reflex arc (c) medulla

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(d) neuron

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15. Semi-circular canals help in
(a) hearing (b) balancing (c) seeing (d) testing
Ans. (b)

T
16. Which of the following diseases occur due to unequal curvature
of cornea?

IN
(a) Short-sightedness
(c) Long-sightedness
Ans. (b)
(b) Astigmatism
(d) Colour blindness

17. Movement of impulse is

(a) only electrical (b) only mechanical
(c) only chemical (d) electromechanical
Ans. (d)

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 18. The secretions of endocrine glands are called:
(a) Juices (b) Hormones (c) Solutions (d) Enzymes
Ans. (b)
19. Which of the following is a hormonal disease?
(a) Goitre (b) Measles (c) Rabies (d) None
Ans. (a)
20. Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
(a) Adrenal gland (b) Thyroid
(c) Prostate gland
Ans. (c)

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exocrine functions?
B Z
(d) Pancreas

21. Which of the following glands performs both endocrine and

Ans. (a)
A
L ION
A
(a) Pancreas (b) Pituitary (c) Thyroid (d) Gonads

22. Which of the following glands secrete “tropic hormone” to

U AT
control the secretion by other endocrine glands?
(a) Adrenal medulla (b) Adrenal cortex

Ans. (d)
D
(c) Thyroid

N
(d) Pituitary

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23. The gland which secretes a hormone that controls the level of
sugar.
(a) Thymus (b) Ovary (c) Pancreas (d) Testis
Ans. (c)
T
24. The neurons which carry impulses from the brain or spinal cord

IN
to the sense organs are called
(a) sensory neurons
(c) motor neurons
(b) mixed neurons
(d) association neurons
Ans. (c)
25. Short fibres extending from the cell body of a nerve cell are
called
(a) nerve fibres (b) axon (c) dendrites (d) ganglion
Ans. (c)
Biology Class VIII 3 Question Bank
 26. The layer of the eyes sensitive to light is
(a) choroid (b) scleroid (c) conjunctiva(d) retina
Ans. (d)
27. The outer ear consists of
(a) pinna and ear canal (b) ear canal and eardrum
(c) pinna and eardrum (d) eardrum and semi-circular canal
Ans. (a)
28. Conversion of glucose into glycogen in the liver is controlled
by
(a) thyroxine (b) insulin
Ans. (b)
29. Medulla controls L B Z
(c) adrenalin (d) oestrogen

A
(a) smelling

L ION
A (b) functioning of lungs and heart
(c) circulation of blood (d) working of eyes
Ans. (b)

U AT
30. Cochlea helps in
(a) Seeing (b) Tasting (c) Hearing (d) Smelling
Ans. (c)
D N
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II. Fill in the blanks.
1. Central nervous system consists of ............... and ............... .
2. A neuron consists of .................. , .................. and
.................. .

T
3. The neurons carrying impulses from the brain to the muscles

IN
are called .................. .
4. Peripheral nervous system consists of .................. .
5. The three main parts of the brain are .................. , ..................
and .................. .
6. Sense organs have special cells called .................. for picking
up information and transmitting it to the nerves.
7. Hormones are produced by .................. .
8. The master gland in the body is .................. .
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 9. Adrenal glands are present above .................. .
10. The hormone insulin is secreted by .................. .
11. Blood pressure is controlled by the endocrine gland called
.................. .
12. Our tongue can perceive .................. basic taste.
13. The nerves are of two kinds, i.e. .................. and ............... .
14. The cerebrum controls the important functions like .............. ,

Z
.................. and .................. .
15. There are .................. layers of cells in the eyeball.

A AL B
16. The image of the object forms on the .................. .
17. The secretion of the endocrine glands is known as ................ .
18. The glands with ducts are called .................. .

L ION
19. Oversecretion of somatotrophic hormone in children leads to

U AT
.................. .
20. The largest endocrine gland in human body is .................. .

D
21. Brain is covered by three layers called .................. .

N
22. The colour of the eyes is determined by the pigment present in

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.................. .
23. The outer epidermis of skin is made up of .................. tissue.
24. Hormones are produced by .................. glands.
T
25. Adrenal glands are present above the .................. .

IN
Ans. 1. Brain, Spinal cord 2. Brain, Spinal cord, Nerves 3. Motor
neurons 4. Spinal nerves, Cranial nerves 5. Cerebrum,
Cerebellum, Medulla oblongata 6. Receptors 7. Endocrine glands
8. Pituitary gland 9. The kidney 10. Pancreas 11. Adrenal
12. Four 13. Spinal nerves, cranial nerves 14. Thinking, Memory
imagination, understanding 15. Three 16. Retina 17. Hormones
18. Exocrine gland 19. Gigantism 20. Thyroid 21. Meninges
22. Iris 23. Epithelial 24. Endocrine 25. Kidney.
Biology Class VIII 5 Question Bank
III. A. Match the items in Column A with those in Column B.
Column A Column B
1. Cerebrum (a) Control heart beat
2. Iris (b) Inner ear
3. Cochlea (c) Middle ear
4. Stapes (d) Dermis
5. Medulla oblongata (e) Eye
6. Sweat glands (f) Thyroid
7.
8.
9.
Hormones
Cerebellum
Goitre
L
(g)
(h)
(i)
Z
Adrenal
Chemical messengers

B
Balance of the body

A
10. Stress (j) Centre for intelligence
A
Ans. A. 1. (j) 2. (e) 3. (b) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (d) 7. (h) 8. (i) 9. (f)
10. (g)
L ION
U AT
B. Match the items of column I with the items of column II:
Column I Column II
1.
2.
D
Skin
Brain
N
(a)
(b)
Rods and cones
Touch carpuscle

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3. Tongue (c) Taste buds
4. Nose (d) Olfactory hair
5. Eyes (e) Medulla

T
Ans. B. 1. (b) 2. (e) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a)

IN
C. Match the items of column I with the items of column II:
Column I Column II
1. Thyroid (a) Corticosterona
2. Testis (b) Thyroid stimulating hormone
3. Pituitary (c) Cretinism
4. Ovary (d) Progesteron
5. Supra-renal gland (e) Testosteron
Ans. C. 1. (c) 2. (e) 3. (b) 4. (d) 5. (a)
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D. Match the following:
Column I Column II
1. pancreas (a) adrenalin
2. pituitary gland (b) oestrogen
3. thyroid gland (c) testosterone
4. adrenal gland (d) growth hormone
5. testes (e) insulin
6. ovary

L
(f)

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thyroxine
Ans. D. 1. (e) 2. (d) 3. (f) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (b)

B
E. Match the items in Column A with those in Column B.

1. Cretinism A
L IO
A
Column A

N
2. Diabetes mellitus
Column B
(a) Pituitary gland
(b) Defective development of child.

U AT
3. Increased metabolic rate (c) Oversecretion of thyroxine
4. Simple goitre (d) Insufficient iodine in food.

D
5. Growth hormone (e) Insufficient insulin in blood.
Ans. E. 1. (b) 2. (e) 3. (c) 4. (d) 5. (a)
N
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IV. State whether the following statements are true (T) or
false (F).
1. Each neuron consists of three parts called cell body, cyton and
axon.
T
2. The largest part of the brain is the cerebrum.

IN
3. Cerebellum maintains balance of the body.
4. There are 31 pairs of cranial nerves.
5. Hormones are secreted by ductless glands.
6. For hormones to be effective in their actions, they are required
in sufficiently large quantities.
7. The adrenal gland helps the body to fight stress.
8. The dermis of the skin is made up of epithelial cells.
9. The pigment melanin is present in inner layers of skin epidermis.
Biology Class VIII 7 Question Bank
 10. The sound waves from the outer ear are carried by the middle
ear to the inner ear.
11. Cochlea is a part of middle ear.
12. Retina is present on the outer surface of the eye.
13. Hormones are produced by exocrine glands.
14. Deficiency of thyroxine produces cretinism.
15. Hormones are not secreted directly into the bloodstream.
16. Oestrogen stimulates primary sex organism in females.
17. Excess of thyroxine produces simple goitre.

spinal cord.
L B Z
18. Each nerve cell consists of a cell body, many short fibres and
a long fibre.
19. Motor nerves carry impulses from the sense organs to the

A A
20. The largest portion of the brain is the cerebellum.
Ans. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T 8. T 9. T 10. T 11. F

L ION
12. F 13. F 14. T 15. T 16. T 17. T 18. T 19. F 20. F.

U AT
V. Find the odd one out, giving reasons.
1. Axon, cell body, dendrite, cerebellum
Ans. Cerebellum: Cerebellum is the part of brain while axon, cell

D
body, and dendrite are the parts of a nerve cell.

N
2. Cerebrum, cerebellum, neuron, brain stem

© E ER
Ans. Neuron: Neuron is the structural unit of nervous system while
cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem are the parts of brain.
3. Pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, salivary gland
Ans. Salivary gland: Salivary gland is a exocrine gland while
T
pituitary, adrenal and thyroid are endocrine glands.

IN
4. Pinna, eardrum, cochlea, ear canal
Ans. Cochlea: Cochlea is the part of middle ear while pinna,
eardrum, ear canal are the parts of outer ear.
5. choroid, scleroid, retina, iris, pinna
Ans. Pinna: Pinna is the part of ear while choroid, scleroid, retina,
and iris are the part of eye.
VI. Write one word in the space provided to complete the second
pair of the related words pertaining to nervous system:
Memory : cerebrum : : breathing :
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 Balance : cerebellum : : reasoning :
Camera : film : : eye :
Hearing : cochlea : : balance :
Ans. Memory : cerebrum : : breathing : Medulla
Balance : cerebellum : : reasoning : Cerebrum
Camera : film : : eye : Vision
Hearing : cochlea : : balance : Ampulla
VII. Give the function performed by each of the following:
1. Ear drum : _________________________________________

of hearing.
L B Z
Ans. Ear drum vibrates in response to sound waves and transmits
these vibrations via the ear ossicles of the middle ear to the site

2. Ear ossicles : _______________________________________

A
L ION
A
Ans. The function of the ossicles is to transmit vibrations of the
tympanum across the middle ear to the oval window, which
transfers them to inner ear.

U AT
3. Cochlea : __________________________________________
Ans. Cochlea is the part of inner ear that transforms sound waves
into nerve impulses.

D
4. Semicircular canals : _________________________________

N
Ans. Semicircular canal is concerned with the maintenance of

© E ER
physical equilibrium.
5. Cerebrum : _________________________________________
Ans. The cerebrum controls all important functions like thinking,
memory, imagination, understanding etc.
T
VIII. Give the function of each of the following:

IN
1. Olfactory nerve : ____________________________________
Ans. Olfactory nerve connects the nasal cavity to the brain. Nasal
cavity has receptors sensitive to chemicals. These receptors
send impulses through the olfactory nerve to the cerebrum.
2. Optic nerve : _______________________________________
Ans. The optic nerve connects the eye to the brain. When light
stimulates rods and cones, nerve impulse are sent along the
optic nerve to the brain. The brain interprets these impulses into
pictures and we are able to see.
Biology Class VIII 9 Question Bank
IX. Name the following:
1. Five endocrine glands found in human body.
Ans. 1. Pituitary gland 2. Thyroid gland 3. Pancreas gland
4. Adrenal gland 5. Gonadial gland
2. Master gland in human body.
Ans. Pituitary gland is called master gland because it controls all the
endocrine glands.
3. Five sense organs of human beings and the sensation perceived

Z
by each one.
Ans. Sense organs

B
Skin — Helps to feel the hotness, coldness etc.

L
Eye — Helps in vision

A
L ION
A
Ear — Helps in hearing
Tongue — Helps in taste
Nose — Helps in smell.
4. Two kinds of coordination found in human beings.

U AT
Ans. Two kinds of co-ordination found in human beings:
(i) Chemical coordination (ii) Nervous coordination

D
X. The diagram below represents a section of the eye of a

N
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mammal:

T
IN

(i) Name the parts numbered 1 to 12.

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 Ans. 1. conjunctiva 2. eye lid 3. Iris 4. Lense 5. Pupil 6. Cornea
7. Ciliary muscle 8. Selerotic 9. Choroid 10. Blind spot
11. Optic nerve 12. Fovea
(ii) At which spot you get the best vision?
Ans. The image of the object forms on the retina.
(iii) What is the problem in the eye at youth?
Ans. Short-sightedness is the problem in the eye at youth.
XI. Answer the following Questions.

Z
1. Mention three stimuli and their responses which you come
across in your day-to-day life.
Ans. Stimulus and Response

A
away.
AL B
1. When we touch a hot object, we quickly pull off our hand

2. When we itch, we react by scratching.

L ION
3. The sun rises and the petals of a flower open up.
2. Describe two characteristic features of hormones.

U AT
Ans. Characteristic features of hormones:
(i) All the hormones are the protein or protein derivatives.

D
(ii) Hormones are required

N
© E ER
in extremely small
quantities. Increase, or
decrease in the specific
quantity is harmful for

T
the organism.

IN
3. Draw an outline figure of
the human body and show
the location of different
endocrine glands.
Ans.
4. Describe the two parts of
the nervous system.
Ans. Nervous system is divided
into two parts:
Biology Class VIII 11 Question Bank
 1. Central nervous system. It includes brain and spinal
cord.
2. Peripheral nervous system. It includes nerves arising
from brain (cranial nerves) and spinal cord (spinal nerves).
5. What are nerves? Mention the types of nerves found in humans.
Ans. Nerves connect the central nervous system with the organs and
tissues of the body. These nerves conduct messages from one
part of the body to the other. The message that travels along

Z
a neuron is called an impulse.
Neurons are of two types:

A AL B
1. Sensory or afferent neurons. These nerves carry
impulses from the body parts to the spinal cord or the
brain. For example, olfactory nerve of the nasal chamber.
2. Motor or different neurons. These nerves carry impulses

6. L ION
from the brain or spinal cord to the body parts.
Explain the structure of brain.
Ans.
U AT
Brain is the enlarged part of the central nervous system, which
is encased within the cranium of the skull. Brain is composed

D
of three membranes called meninges and bathed in a fluid called

N
© E ER
cerebrospinal fluid. Brain consists of three main centres —
cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata.
(i) Cerebrum. It is the largest and uppermost part of the
brain. Its upper surface is made up of cells distributed into

T folds. It fills the whole of the upper part of skull. The

cerebrum controls all important functions like thinking,

IN memory imagination etc. because it is connected with all

the sense organs.
(ii) Cerebellum. It is lower back part of the brain.
It helps in the maintenance of balance and muscular
co-ordination. It also conveys the messages received from
the medulla to the cerebrum.
(iii) Medulla. It is also called brain stem because it connects
the cerebellum with the spinal cord.
Biology Class VIII 12 Question Bank

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 It controls all the involuntary actions of body like
breathing, secretion by glands, heartbeat etc.
7. Compare the nervous system and the endocrine system.
Ans. Nervous system Endocrine system
(1) It is composed of neurons. (1) It is composed of ductless
glands called endocrine
glands.
(2) It includes central nervous (2) It includes different endo-

Z
system (CNS) and peri- crine glands such as
pheral nervous system pituitary, adrenal, thyroid

B
(PNS) etc.
(3)
L
Message sent through nerve (3) Message sent through

(4)
fibres.

A A blood.
No hormones are secreted. (4) Hormones are secreted by

L ION glands that regulate various

activities in the body.
(5)
U AT
Transmission of impulse is (5) Transmission takes time.
quick.

D
8. Define voluntary and reflex actions. Give examples of each.

N
© E ER
Ans. Voluntary action Reflex action
(1) Voluntary actions are under (1) Reflex actions are not under
the control of the brain. the control of the brain.
(2) Impulses for voluntary
T
(2) Impulses for reflex action
actions originate in the brain. originate in the spinal cord

IN
or medulla.
(3) Speed of response is slow. (3) Speed of response is very
fast.
(4) Dancing, reading, go from (4) Secretion of saliva to see
one place to another are some sweet dish is a reflex
some voluntary actions. action.
12. Why does cutting of hair cause no pain?
Ans. Nervous system is only responsible to send impulses from
Biology Class VIII 13 Question Bank
 sensory organs to brain that cause feelings of pain. Cutting of
hair causes no pain because they lack of nervous system.
10. Name the parts of the nervous system involved in a simple
reflex action.
Ans. Sensory neurons, spinal cord, motor neurons are the parts
involved in simple reflex action.
11. How would you find out which part of the tongue are most
sensitive to (a) sweet, (b) bitter tastes.

Z
Ans. We can taste (a) sweet at tip and anterior surface and (b) bitter
towards the base of tongue.

B
12. Why is it dangerous to hit a person on his ear?
Ans.
L
It is vary dangerous to hit a person on his ear because it may

13.
Ans. A
L ION
A
tear the eardrum and a child may become deaf.
Name the part of the brain concerned with memory.
Cerebrum is the part of brain which is concerned with
memory.
14.
Ans.
U AT
Suppose you touch a very hot metal. Explain what happens?
When anyone touches a hot metal then he quickly pull his hand

D
away from that hot metal. It is due to reflex action. It is a

N
response to the stimulus.

© E ER
15. Name the structural and functional units of the nervous system.
Ans. Structural and functional units of the nervous system are
neurons and nerve cells.
16.
Ans. T
Name the most important parts of nervous system.
Brain and spinal cord are the most important and vital organs.

17.
IN
They control the functioning of other organs with the help of
nerves.
Name the organ where cochlea is located and give its function.
Ans. Cochlea is the part of inner ear, which is concerned with
hearing.
18. What are the four testes your tongue is sensitive?
Ans. The four testes, for which our tongue is sensitive to are —
sweet, salt, sour and bitter.
Biology Class VIII 14 Question Bank

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 19. Define hormones.
Ans. Hormones are the chemical substances that are manufactured
and secreted in very small quantity into the blood stream by an
endocrine gland and regulates the growth or functioning of
organs.
20. Mention two endocrine glands and their functions.
Ans. (i) Pituitary gland. (1) It is called master gland and situated
above the roof of the mouth cavity.

Z
Functions. 1. It controls other endocrine glands. For
example, thyroid stimulating hormone and gonadotropin

B
hormone controls the secretion of thyroxin and sex
hormones.
L
A
L ION
A
(2) It controls growth.
(ii) Thyroid gland. It is located in the neck just above the
breastbone.
Functions. (1) It controls the rate of metabolism (Basic

U AT
Metabolic Rate or BMR)
(2) Its excess inhibits thyrotropic hormone secretion.

D
21. What are the properties of hormones?

N
Ans. Characteristic of hormones:

© E ER
(1) Hormones are produced in some organs and influence the
functioning of some other organs.
(2) Hormones are transported to the target organ by blood.

T
(3) Hormones are required in small quantity.
(4) Hormones do not initiate a reaction but can influence its

IN
rate.
(5) Hormones accelerate or inhibit specific physiological
processes.
22. Name a gland which secretes hormones as well as enzymes.
Ans. Pancreas is a gland which acts as a digestive as well as an
endocrine gland. It secretes the digestive juice as well as
hormones.

Biology Class VIII 15 Question Bank

 23. Under what circumstances the following conditions occur:
(a) Growth is retarded.
(b) Person grows abnormally big.
(c) Diabetes occurs.
(d) Increase in body metabolism, loss of weight and excess of
appetite.
Ans. (a) Growth is retarded when pituitary is underactive and the
secretion of hormones is less than the required amount in

Z
our body. The height of the person is less than a normal
person and this condition is called dwarfism.

B
(b) Person grows abnormally big due to oversecretion of

L
growth hormones by pituitary gland. In childhood, this

A
L ION
A
condition is called gigantism and in adulthood, this
condition is called acromagly.
(c) Diabetes is the condition in which excess of glucose is
eliminated by the urine. It is due to less secretion of insulin

U AT
by pancreas because insulin makes the liver to store more
glycogen.

D
(d) When the thyroid hormones are in excess, the rate of

N
metabolism increases. This results in the loss of weight and

© E ER
excess of appetite.
24. Why are endocrine glands called growth regulators?
Ans. Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands. These hormones

T
regulate growth patterns and co-ordinate cell functions to
promote growth.

body.IN
25. Name the condition resulting from the iodine deficiency in the

Ans. Due to deficiency of iodine in the body, thyroid gland gets

enlarged to complete the demand of iodine. This condition is
called goitre. It can be prevented by including iodine in our diet.
26. Explain the structure of a nerve cell.
Ans. Nerve cell is the basic structural unit of nervous system. It is
also called neuron. Each nerve cell consists of a cell body.
Biology Class VIII 16 Question Bank

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 Many short fibres are extended from the cell body. These short
fibres are called dendrites. A single long fibre called axon
extends from the cell body. Axon carries an electric signal
called impulse from one neuron to another. This axon is
covered by a sheat called myelin sheath.
27. Distinguish between motor, sensory and association neurons
with respect to their functions.
Ans. There are three kinds of neurons.

Z
(i) Motor neurons. These neurons carry impulses from brain
and spinal cord to the muscles.

B
(ii) Sensory neurons. These neurons carry impulses from the

L
sensory organs to the brain and spinal cord.

28.
Ans.
A
L IO
A
(iii) Association neurons. These neurons transmit impulses
from one neuron to another.
N
Explain the structure of an eye.
Eyeball is made of three layers. These layers are sclerotic,

U AT
choroid and retina. Sclerotic is the outermost layer. It gives
spherical shape to the eye. It is transparent layer and forms a

D
bulging area in front of eye called cornea. Choroid is

N
pigmented layer and the colour of eye is depend on this layer.

© E ER
It forms iris, which has a hole in the middle called pupil. The
size of the pupil is depend on the intensity of light. When the
light is more, they contract and reduce the size of pupil. Retina

T
is innermost and delicate membrane which is made of rods and
cones. Rods and cones are connected to nerve fibres. Rods

IN
are responsible for night vision and cones are responsible for
day vision. These nerve fibres from the retina emerges as a
bundle called optic nerve, that carries the impulses of the
image to the brain. The point where optic nerve emerges is
devoid of light-sensitive cells. Hence, it is called blind spot.
29. State the function of each of the following parts of the eye: iris,
retina, pupil, optic nerve.
Ans. Iris. It is a muscular tissue, containing blood capillaries and
Biology Class VIII 17 Question Bank
 pigment. It forms the coloured part of the eye. The ring of the
muscles expands and contracts in response to the intensity of
light.
Retina. Retina is made of two types of light sensitive cells —
Rods and Cones. Rod cells are responsible for night vision and
cone cells are responsible for day vision.
Pupil. Pupil is responsible for the amount of light that enters
the eye.
Optic nerve. These nerves carry impulses of images from

30.
Ans.
retina to the brain.
What are rods and cones?

B Z
Rods and cones are light-sensitive cells which are present in the
L
retina layer of eyeball. Rods are responsible for night vision and

31.
Ans. A
L IO
A
cones are responsible for day vision.

N
How do you take care of your eyes?
(1) You must take rich sources of vitamin A such as spinach,

U AT
cabbage, carrots etc. Vitamin A is required for healthy
eyes.
(2) Do not watch television or computer for a long period

D because it takes a lot of strain on the eyes.

N
(3) Always maintain a right body posture while reading,

© E ER
watching television etc. Always avoid reading or watching
television while laying as it strains eyes.
(4) Wear sunglasses on bright sunny days and splash eyes

32. T with water in the morning.

How is the level of glucose regulated by pancreas?
Ans.
IN
Pancreas produces a hormone called insulin. Insulin controls
the amount of glucose in the blood. Extra glucose is converted
into glycogen by insulin and stored in liver.
33. What is the function of adrenalin?
Ans. Adrenalin prepares an individual to meet emergency situation
and its secretion is increased under anger and fear.

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Biology Class VIII 18 Question Bank

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