Machine Design with CAE Tools

(CAE trong Thiết Kế Máy)

TRUSS-FRAME STRUCTURES
STATIC ANALYSIS

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Activity #1: Deflection of a Hinged Support (VM4)

A structure consisting of two equal steel bars, each of length l and cross-sectional
area A, with hinged ends is subjected to the action of a load F. Determine the stress,
σ, in the bars and the deflection, δ, of point 2. Neglect the weight of the bars as a
small quantity in comparison with the load F.

a  2 cos  , b   sin 
Material Properties

Geometric Properties

Loading

Reference solution
σ = 10,000 psi, δ = - 0.12 in
 Strusses

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 Beams
A standard 30" WF beam, with a cross-sectional area A, is supported as shown below
and loaded on the overhangs by a uniformly distributed load w. Determine the
maximum bending stress σ in the middle portion of the beam and the deflection δ at
the middle of the beam.
Material Properties

Geometric Properties
  240 in
a  120 in
w1  w2  15 in
w3  30.0968 in
t1  t2  1.0484
t3  0.6856 in

Loading

Reference solution
σ = -11400 psi, δ = 0.182 in
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 Portal Frame Under Symmetric Loading
A rigid rectangular frame is subjected to a uniform distributed load ω across the span.
Determine the maximum rotation, and maximum bending moment. The moment of inertia
for the span, Ispan is five times the moment of inertia for the columns, Icol.

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 Basic Steps in the Finite Element Method
2. Select Element Type
1. Discretization of analysis domain (Shape and Approximation)
v3
u3 v2
3

u2
v1 2
y
u1
1
6. Solve Assembled System of Equations for x
Unknown Nodal Displacements,
Secondary Unknowns of Stress and Strain Values
3. Derive Element Equations
5. Incorporate Boundary (Variational and Energy Methods)
and Initial Conditions
[Ke]{Ue} = {Fe}
4. Assemble Element Equations [Ke] = Stiffness or Property Matrix
to Form Global System {Ue} = Nodal Displacement Vector
[K]{U} = {F} {Fe} = Nodal Force Vector
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 Common Types of Elements
Two-Dimensional Elements
Triangular, Quadrilateral
One-Dimensional Elements
Plates, Shells, 2-D Continua
Line
Rods, Beams, Trusses, Frames

Three-Dimensional Elements
Tetrahedral, Rectangular Prism (Brick)
3-D Continua

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General steps in using Ansys classic for solving a structural analysis problems

 Define the element types

 Define the real constants
 Define the material properties
 Modeling
Pre-Processor create key points, lines, surfaces, volumes
stage import from CAD files
 Meshing
 Apply Boundary conditions
geometric BCs
applied load
Processor Stage
 Solver set-up
modal analysis
static structural analysis
nonlinear structural analysis
 Run the job
Post-Processor
Stage
 Visualization of the results
displacements
stress
safety factor
…
 TRUSS-FRAME STRUCTURES
STATIC ANALYSIS
(Kết cấu khung giàn-phân tích ứng suất)

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 Truss-Frame Structures

Phân tích ứng suất

Truss-Frame Structures

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 y
1000kg

-z

0.5m
(H)

0.8m 0.3m 0.1m (L3)

(L1) (L2)

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 0.8m (W1)

(L3) 0.1m

(L2) 0.3m

(L1) 0.8m

x
z
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 I 60x60x4x4

I 80x100x6x8
1000  9,81
q
(0,8  0,3)  2
 4459 N / m

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