MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 1

WORLD CITI COLLEGES - ANTIPOLO

College of Business Administration and Accountancy

Name: ______________________________________________ Score: ___________________________

Teacher: Jennifer S. Garcia , CPA Course/Yr/Section: _______________

INSTRUCTIONS: Read and follow the directions carefully for each part of the test. Cheating is prohibited and will not be
tolerated. Anybody caught in the act of cheating and the person allowing another to cheat will be sent to the Dean’s
Office. Both will have a final grade of zero for this subject. The mentor is the only person allowed to entertain any question.
Any violation of the university’s policy on cheating shall be dealt with immediately. Strictly, final answers must be in
permanent ink although pencils can be used for computations. Put your final answers on the left side of each number.
Failure to follow instructions will not be given any credit. Erasures are highly disfavoured. IPod, cell phones, and any
similar means of communication will not be allowed in the examination area (anyone who will not obey will be asked to
leave the room immediately). Good luck and God bless.

1. The cost of lubricants used to grease a production machine in a manufacturing

company is an example of a(n):
a. period cost. c. indirect material cost.
b. direct material cost. d. none of the above.

2. The salary paid to the president of King Company would be classified on the income
statement as a(n):
a. administrative expense. c. manufacturing overhead cost.
b. direct labor cost. d. selling expense.

3. Direct labor cost is a part of:

Conversion cost Prime cost

A) No No
B) No Yes
C) Yes Yes
D) Yes No

4. Direct material cost is a:

Conversion cost Prime cost

A) No No
B) No Yes
C) Yes Yes
D) Yes No

5. Prime cost and conversion cost share what common element of total cost?
a. Direct materials. c. Variable overhead.
b. Direct labor. d. Fixed overhead.
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 2

6. Wages paid to a timekeeper in a factory are a:

Prime cost Conversion cost

A) Yes No
B) Yes Yes
C) No No
D) No Yes

7. Property taxes on a company's factory building would be classified as a(n):

a. product cost. c. period cost.
b. opportunity cost. d. variable cost.

8. Depreciation on a personal computer used in the marketing department of a

manufacturing firm would be classified as:
a. a product cost that is fixed with respect to the company's output.
b. a period cost that is fixed with respect to the company's output.
c. a product cost that is variable with respect to the company's output.
d. a period cost that is fixed with respect to the company's output.

9. The nursing station on the fourth floor of Central Hospital is responsible for the care of patients
who have undergone orthopedic surgery. The costs of drugs administered by the nursing
station to patients would be classified as:
a. direct costs of the patients.
b. indirect costs of the patients.
c. overhead costs of the nursing station.
d. period costs of the hospital.

10. All of the following would be classified as product costs except:

a. property taxes on production equipment.
b. insurance on factory machinery.
c. salaries of the advertising staff.
d. wages of machine operators.

11. Product costs appear on the balance sheet:

a. only if goods are partially completed at the end of the period.
b. only if goods are unsold at the end of a period.
c. only if goods are partially completed or are unsold at the end of a period.
d. only in merchandising firms.

12. Ross Corporation shipped finished goods to a customer on credit, but the sale was not
recorded and the costs of the finished goods were incorrectly included on the period's
balance sheet as part of the finished goods inventory. Which one of the following
statements is correct concerning the effects of this error?

a. Accounts receivable was not affected, inventory was overstated, sales were
understated, and cost of goods sold was understated.
b. Accounts receivable was understated, inventory was not affected, sales were
understated, and cost of goods sold was understated.
c. Accounts receivable was understated, inventory was overstated, sales were
understated, and cost of goods sold was overstated.
d. Accounts receivable was understated, inventory was overstated, sales were
understated, and cost of goods sold was understated.
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 3

Data for Cost A and Cost B are as follows:

Number of
Units
Produced Unit Cost Total Cost
Cost A
1 ? $10
10 ? $100
100 ? $1,000
1,000 ? $10,000

Cost B
1 $5,000 ?
10 $500 ?
100 $50 ?
1,000 $5 ?

13. Which of the above best describes the behavior of Costs A and B?
a. Cost A is fixed, Cost B is variable.
b. Cost A is variable, Cost B is fixed.
c. Both Cost A and Cost B are variable.
d. Both Cost A and Cost B are fixed.

14. Fixed costs expressed on a per unit basis:

a. will increase with increases in activity.
b. will decrease with increases in activity.
c. are not affected by activity.
d. should be ignored in making decisions since they cannot change.

15. The costs of staffing and operating the accounting department at Central Hospital
would be considered by the Department of Surgery to be:
a. direct costs. c. incremental costs.
b. indirect costs. d. opportunity costs.

16. A cost incurred in the past that is not relevant to any current decision is classified as a(n):
a. period cost. c. sunk cost.
b. opportunity cost. d. differential cost.

17. Differential costs can:

a. only be fixed costs.
b. only be variable costs.
c. be either fixed or variable.
d. be incremental but not decremental.

18. John Johnson decided to leave his former job where he earned $12 per hour to go to a new
job where he will earn $13 per hour. In the decision process, the former wage of $12 per hour
would be classified as a(n):
a. sunk cost. c. fixed cost.
b. direct cost. d. opportunity cost.

19. The term that refers to costs incurred in the past that are not relevant to a decision is:
a. marginal cost. c. period cost.
b. indirect cost. d. sunk cost.
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 4

20. Lathe operators at KF Manufacturing are hourly employees who are paid time and a half for
hours worked in excess of 40 hours per week. Lester is a lathe operator who worked 45 hours
during the current week and had no idle time. The correct accounting for the amounts paid
to Lester would be:
a. charge only the overtime premium earned to the overhead account.
b. charge the hourly wage earned plus the overtime premium earned to the overhead
account.
c. charge only the overtime premium earned to the direct labor cost for the project
Lester was working on when the overtime was incurred.
d. charge the hourly wage earned plus the overtime premium earned to the direct
labor cost for the project Lester was working on when the overtime was incurred.

21. The controller of the recently organized Crandall Company is considering the two
methods listed below for accounting for labor fringe benefits. Which of the two methods
is considered acceptable?

Method A: Treat all labor fringe benefits as indirect labor by adding them in
total to manufacturing overhead.

Method B: Treat labor fringe benefits that relate to direct labor as additional
direct labor cost and fringe benefits relating to indirect labor as
part of manufacturing overhead.

a. Only Method A is acceptable.

b. Only Method B is acceptable.
c. Both Method A and Method B are acceptable.
d. Neither Method A nor Method B is acceptable; labor fringe benefits should be
treated as period expenses and should be charged off as incurred.

22. Which of the following would be classified as a prevention cost on a quality cost
report?
a. Debugging software errors.
b. Quality training.
c. Test and inspection of incoming materials.
d. Cost of field servicing and handling complaints.

23. Which of the following would be classified as an appraisal cost on a quality cost
report?
a. Final product testing and inspection.
b. Net cost of spoilage.
c. Repairs and replacements beyond the warranty period.
d. Rework labor and overhead.
1.
24. Which of the following would be classified as an internal failure cost on a quality cost report?
a. Quality improvement projects.
b. Supervision of testing and inspection activities.
c. Debugging software errors.
d. Warranty repairs and replacements.

25. Which of the following would be classified as an internal failure cost on a quality cost report?
a. Rework labor and overhead.
b. Cost of field servicing and handling complaints.
c. Technical support provided to suppliers.
d. Lost sales arising from a reputation for poor quality.
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 5

26. Which of the following would be classified as an external failure cost on a quality cost report?
a. Reentering data because of keying errors.
b. Customer returns arising from quality problems.
c. Test and inspection of in-process goods.
d. Rework labor and overhead.

27. Adolphson Corporation has provided the following summary of its quality cost report for the
last two years:

Summary of Quality Cost Report

(in thousands)

This Year Last Year % Change

Prevention costs .......................... $ 300 $ 200 +50
Appraisal costs ........................... 315 210 +50
Internal failure costs ................... 114 190 -40
External failure costs .................. 621 1,200 -48
......................Totalqualitycosts $ 1,350 $ 1,800 -25

28. On the basis of this report, which one of the following statements is most likely
correct?
a. An increase in prevention and appraisal costs resulted in fewer defects, and
therefore, resulted in a decrease in internal and external failure costs.
b. A decrease in internal and external failure costs resulted in less need for
prevention and appraisal costs.
c. Quality costs such as scrap and rework decreased by 48%.
d. Quality costs such as returns and repairs under warranty decreased by 40%.

29. The following costs were incurred in January:

Direct materials ............................. $33,000

Direct labor .................................... $28,000
Manufacturing overhead ................ $69,000
Selling expenses ............................ $16,000
Administrative expenses ................ $21,000

Conversion costs during the month totaled:

a. $97,000 c. $102,000
b. $167,000 d. $61,000

30. The following costs were incurred in February:

Direct materials ............................. $39,000

Direct labor .................................... $18,000
Manufacturing overhead ................ $14,000
Selling expenses ............................ $13,000
Administrative expenses ................ $29,000

Prime costs during the month totaled:

a. $71,000 c. $113,000
b. $32,000 d. $57,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 6

31. Aable Company's manufacturing overhead is 20% of its total conversion costs. If direct labor is
$45,000 and if direct materials are $53,000, the manufacturing overhead is:
a. $11,250
b. $13,250
c. $180,000
d. $24,500

32. During the month of March, direct labor cost totaled $17,000 and direct labor cost was 70%
of prime cost. If total manufacturing costs during March were $88,000, the manufacturing
overhead was:
a. $24,286
b. $71,000
c. $63,714
d. $7,286

33. Knowel Company's direct labor is 40 percent of its conversion cost. If the manufacturing
overhead cost for the last period was $60,000 and the direct materials cost was $30,000, the
direct labor cost was:
a. $90,000
b. $20,000
c. $60,000
d. $40,000

34. CF Company manufactures wooden rocking chairs. CF identified the following three
material costs in its production process for July: $100,000 for springs for the rocking
mechanism; two springs at a cost of $10 each are used in each chair; $1,700 for glue used
as needed from one gallon containers; and $500 for stain used to touch up spots on the
chairs. The total cost that should have been assigned to indirect material for July was:
a. $102,200
b. $500
c. $2,200
d. $1,700

35. Fab Co. manufactures textiles. Fab's manufacturing costs last year included the
following salaries and wages:

Loom operators .......................... $120,000

Factory foremen ........................ $45,000
Machinery repairmen ................ $30,000

What is the amount of direct labor included in this list?

a. $195,000 c. $150,000
b. $165,000 d. $120,000

36. A manufacturing company has provided the following cost data for a recent period:

Direct materials ............................................... $8,000

Manufacturing overhead .................................. $12,000
Direct labor ...................................................... $10,000
Increase in work-in-process ............................. $4,000

Prime cost for the period was:

a. $18,000 c. $30,000
b. $26,000 d. $34,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 7

37. Last month a manufacturing company had the following operating results:

Beginning finished goods inventory ................ $72,000

Ending finished goods inventory ..................... $66,000
Sales ................................................................. $465,000
Gross margin ................................................... $88,000

What was the cost of goods manufactured for the month?

a. $371,000 c. $383,000
b. $459,000 d. $377,000

38. Gabert Inc. is a merchandising company. Last month the company's merchandise
purchases totaled $68,000. The company's beginning merchandise inventory was $17,000
and its ending merchandise inventory was $13,000. What was the company's cost of goods
sold for the month?
a. $72,000 c. $98,000
b. $68,000 d. $64,000

39. Haag Inc. is a merchandising company. Last month the company's cost of goods sold was
$86,000. The company's beginning merchandise inventory was $20,000 and its ending
merchandise inventory was $21,000. What was the total amount of the company's
merchandise purchases for the month?
a. $86,000 c. $87,000
b. $127,000 d. $85,000

40. The following information is taken from the records of CL Company for last year:

Direct materials ..................................................... $5,000

Manufacturing overhead ........................................ $6,000
Total manufacturing costs ..................................... $17,000
Beginning work in process inventory .................... $1,000
Cost of goods manufactured .................................. $15,000

What are the correct amounts for direct labor and ending work in process inventory?

Direct Ending Work

Labor in Process
A) $12,000 $2,000
B) $11,000 $2,000
C) $6,000 $1,000
D) $6,000 $3,000

41. The following information is taken from the records of DW Company for last year:

Direct materials ............................................. $8,000

Direct labor ................................................... $3,000
Manufacturing overhead ............................... $11,000
Ending work in process inventory ................ $5,000
Cost of goods manufactured ......................... $19,000

The amount of beginning work in process inventory is:

a. $24,000 c. $22,000
b. $2,000 d. $3,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 8

42. Using the following data for February, calculate the cost of goods manufactured:

Direct materials ...................................................... $36,000

Direct labor ............................................................ $20,000
Manufacturing overhead ........................................ $19,000
Beginning work in process inventory .................... $10,000
Ending work in process inventory ......................... $13,000

The cost of goods manufactured was:

a. $78,000
b. $85,000
c. $72,000
d. $75,000

Use the following to answer questions 43-44:

Clyde Company has provided the following data for the month of November:

Inventories November 1 November 30

Raw materials ...................... $17,000 ?
Work in process ................... $14,000 $12,000
Finished goods .................... ? $9,000

Additional Data:
Sales revenue ............................................. $102,000
Direct labor costs ....................................... $10,000
Manufacturing overhead costs .................. $12,000
Selling expenses ........................................ $14,000
Administrative expenses ........................... $16,000
Cost of goods manufactured ...................... $40,000
Raw materials purchases ........................... $10,000

43. The ending raw materials inventory was:

a. $11,000
b. $23,000
c. $10,000
d. $12,000

44. If the net operating income was $40,000, then the beginning finished goods inventory was:
a. $22,000
b. $9,000
c. $42,000
d. $1,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 9

Use the following to answer questions 45-48:

The following data (in thousands of dollars) have been taken from the accounting records of
Karsen Corporation for the just completed year.

Sales ...................................................................... $930

Raw materials inventory, beginning ..................... $70
Raw materials inventory, ending ........................... $40
Purchases of raw materials .................................... $190
Direct labor ............................................................ $150
Manufacturing overhead ....................................... $210
Administrative expenses ....................................... $90
Selling expenses .................................................... $120
Work in process inventory, beginning .................. $80
Work in process inventory, ending ....................... $70
Finished goods inventory, beginning .................... $90
Finished goods inventory, ending ......................... $140

Use these data to answer the following series of questions.

45. The cost of the raw materials used in production during the year (in thousands of
dollars) was:
a. $230 c. $160
b. $220 d. $260

46. The cost of goods manufactured (finished) for the year (in thousands of dollars) was:
a. $590 c. $660
b. $650 d. $570

47. The cost of goods sold for the year (in thousands of dollars) was:
a. $680 c. $640
b. $540 d. $730

48. The net operating income for the year (in thousands of dollars) was:
a. $180 c. $390
b. $170 d. $190

Use the following to answer questions 49 - 50:

The manufacturing operations of QC Company had the following inventory balances for the
month of March:

Inventories March 1 March 31

Raw materials .................... $10,000 $12,000
Work in process ................. $6,000 $7,000
Finished goods .................. $30,000 $22,000

49. If the company purchased $18,000 of raw materials during March, what was the cost of
raw materials used in production?
a. $16,000
b. $20,000
c. $41,000
d. $19,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 10

50. If the company transferred $38,000 of completed goods from work in process to
finished goods during March, what was the amount of the cost of goods sold?
a. $38,000
b. $43,000
c. $30,000
d. $46,000

Use the following to answer questions 51-52:

Servix, Inc., produces water pumps. Each water pump contains a small valve that costs $ 5. During
May, 600 valves were drawn from the supply room and installed in water pumps in the production
process. Eighty percent of these units were completed and transferred into finished goods
warehouses. Of the units completed, thirty percent were still unsold at the end of the month. There
were no beginning inventories.

51. The cost of valves in work in process at the end of May would be:
a. $2,400 c. $600
b. $3,000 d. $720

52. The cost of valves in cost of goods sold for May would be:
a. $1,680 c. $900
b. $2,100 d. $720

Use the following to answer questions 53 - 54:

At a sales volume of 30,000 units, Carne Company's total fixed costs are $30,000 and total
variable costs are $45,000. The relevant range is 20,000 to 40,000 units.

53. If Carne Company were to sell 32,000 units, the total expected cost would be:
a. $75,000
b. $78,000
c. $80,000
d. $77,000

54. If Carne Company were to sell 40,000 units, the total expected cost per unit would be:
a. $2.50
b. $2.25
c. $2.13
d. $1.88

Use the following to answer questions 55 - 58:

Marrell is employed on the assembly line of a manufacturing company where she assembles a
component part for one of the company's products. She is paid $16 per hour for regular time and
time and a half for all work in excess of 40 hours per week.

55. Marrell works 45 hours during a week in which there was no idle time. The allocation of
Marrell's wages for the week as between direct labor cost and manufacturing overhead
cost would be:
Manufacturing
Direct Labor Overhead
A) $760 $0
B) $720 $40
C) $640 $80
D) $610 $40
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 11

56. Marrell works 50 hours in a given week but is idle for 4 hours during the week due to
equipment breakdowns. The allocation of Marrell's wages for the week as between direct
labor cost and manufacturing overhead cost would be:

Manufacturing
Direct Labor Overhead
A) $816 $64
B) $800 $80
C) $736 $144
D) $640 $160

57. Marrell's employer offers fringe benefits that cost the company $4 for each hour of employee
time (either regular or overtime). During a given week, Marrell works 48 hours but is idle for 3
hours due to material shortages. The company treats all fringe benefits as part of
manufacturing overhead. The allocation of Marrell's wages for the week between the direct
labor cost and manufacturing overhead would be:

Manufacturing
Direct Labor Overhead
A) $960 $64
B) $768 $256
C) $720 $304
D) $640 $320

58. Marrell's employer offers fringe benefits that cost the company $4 for each hour of employee
time (either regular or overtime). During a given week, Marrell works 48 hours but is idle for 3
hours due to material shortages. The company treats all fringe benefits relating to direct labor
as added direct labor cost. The allocation of Marrell's wages for the week between direct
labor cost and manufacturing overhead would be:

Manufacturing
Direct Labor Overhead
A) $832 $128
B) $900 $124
C) $912 $112
D) $960 $64

59. Since Anytime Pizza is open 24 hours a day, its pizza oven is constantly on and is, therefore,
always using natural gas. However, when there is no pizza in the oven, the oven
automatically lowers its flame and reduces its natural gas usage by 70%. The cost of natural
gas would best be described as a:
a. fixed cost. c. step-variable cost.
b. mixed cost. d. true variable cost.

60. When the activity level is expected to decline within the relevant range, what effects
would be anticipated with respect to each of the following?

Fixed costs Variable

per unit costs per unit
A) Increase Increase
B) Increase No change
C) No change No change
D) No change Increase
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 12

61. Within the relevant range, variable costs can be expected to:
a. vary in total in direct proportion to changes in the activity level.
b. remain constant in total as the activity level changes.
c. increase on a per unit basis as the activity level increases.
d. increase on a per unit basis as the activity level decreases.
e. none of these.

62. Which of the following is not correct when referring to fixed costs?
a. Whether a cost is committed or discretionary will depend in large part on
management's strategy.
b. Discretionary fixed costs arise from annual decisions by management.
c. Fixed costs remain constant in total throughout the relevant range.
d. Committed fixed costs can often be reduced to zero for short periods of time
without seriously impairing the long-run goals of the company.
e. The trend in companies today is toward greater fixed costs relative to variable
costs.

63. Which of the following statements is true when referring to fixed costs?
a. Committed fixed costs arise from the annual decisions by management.
b. As volume increases, unit fixed cost and total fixed cost will change.
c. Fixed costs increase in total throughout the relevant range.
d. Discretionary fixed costs can often be reduced to zero for short periods of time
without seriously impairing the long-run goals of the company.

64. An example of a committed fixed cost is:

a. management training seminars.
b. a long-term equipment lease.
c. research and development.
d. advertising.

65. Which of the following would usually be considered a committed fixed cost for a retail
sales corporation?
a. lease payments made on its store buildings
b. the cost of the Caribbean trip given to the employee of the year
c. the cost of running an annual leadership seminar for managers
d. both a and c above

66. Which of the following would usually be considered a discretionary fixed cost for a
financial planning company?
a. the cost of the annual employee picnic
b. property taxes on its corporate office building
c. the cost of internships for selected college seniors
d. both a and c above

67. Which of the following is unlikely to be classified as a fixed cost with respect to the number
of units produced and sold?
a. Property taxes on a headquarters building.
b. Legal department salaries.
c. Cost of leasing the company's mainframe computer.
d. Production supplies.
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 13

68. The following data have been collected for four different cost items.

Cost at 100 Cost at 140

Cost Item units units
W $8,000 $10,560
X $5,000 $5,000
Y $6,500 $9,100
Z $6,700 $8,580

Which of the following classifications of these cost items by cost behavior is correct?

Cost W Cost X Cost Y Cost Z

A) variable fixed mixed variable
B) mixed fixed variable mixed
C) variable fixed variable variable
D) mixed fixed mixed mixed

69. Which of the following methods of analyzing mixed costs can be used to estimate an
equation for the mixed cost?

Least-
High-Low Squares
A) Yes Yes
B) Yes No
C) No Yes
D) No No

70. A multiple regression equation has:

a. more than one dependent variable.
b. more than one independent variable.
c. more than one amount for total fixed cost.
d. both A and B above.

71. In describing the cost formula equation, Y = a + bX, which of the following is correct:
a. “Y” is the independent variable.
b. “a” is the variable cost per unit.
c. “a” and “b” are valid for all levels of activity.
d. in the high-low method, “b” equals the change in cost divided by the change in
activity.

72. Shipping costs at Columbia Mining Company are a mixture of variable and fixed
components The company shipped 8,000 tons of coal for $400,000 in shipping costs in
February and 10,000 tons for $499,000 in March Assuming that this activity is within the
relevant range, expected shipping costs for 11,000 tons would be:
a. $544,500
b. $548,500
c. $422,222
d. $554,000
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 14

73. The following data relate to two levels of activity at an out-patient clinic in a hospital:

Number of patient-visits ............. 4,500 5,750

General overhead ........................ $269,750 $289,125

The best estimate of the variable general overhead cost per patient-visit is closest to:
a. $15.50
b. $44.44
c. $59.94
d. $50.28

74. Your boss would like you to estimate the fixed and variable components of a
particular cost Actual data for this cost over four recent periods appear below.

Activity Cost
Period 1 .................. 25 $363
Period 2 .................. 22 $345
Period 3 .................. 23 $348
Period 4 .................. 20 $322

Using the least-squares regression method, what is the cost formula for this cost?
a. Y = $164.50 + $8.00X
b. Y = $0.00 + $15.31X
c. Y = $160.36 + $8.18X
d. Y = $168.08 + $5.27X

Use the following to answer questions 75 - 76:

Callis Corporation is a wholesaler that sells a single product. Management has provided the
following cost data for two levels of monthly sales volume. The company sells the product for
$141.60 per unit.

Sales volume (units) .............................................. 5,000 6,000

Cost of sales .......................................................... $265,500 $318,600
Selling, general, and administrative costs ............. $393,500 $406,800

75. The best estimate of the total monthly fixed cost is:
a. $692,200
b. $725,400
c. $659,000
d. $327,000

76. The best estimate of the total variable cost per unit is:
a. $131.80
b. $53.10
c. $66.40
d. $120.90
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 15

Use the following to answer questions 77 - 80:

Comparative income statements for Tudor Retailing Company for the last two months are
presented below:

September October
Sales in units ................................... 5,000 7,000

Sales revenue ................................... $ 100,000 $ 140,000

Less cost of goods sold ................... 40,000 56,000
Gross margin 60,000 84,000
Less operating expenses ................. :
Shipping expense ......................... 7,500 10,500
Clerical expense ........................... 10,000 12,000
Maintenance expense ................... 17,000 17,000
Total operating expense 34,500 39,500
Net operating income $ 25,500 $ 44,500

77. Which of the following classifications best describes the behavior of shipping expense?
a. Mixed
b. Variable
c. Fixed
d. none of the above

78. Which of the following classifications best describes the behavior of clerical expense?
a. Mixed
b. Variable
c. Fixed
d. none of the above

79. Assuming that Tudor Retailing Company uses the high-low method of analysis, the total
monthly fixed cost for Tudor Retailing Company would be estimated to be:
a. $34,500
b. $17,000
c. $27,000
d. $22,000

80. Assuming that Tudor Retailing Company uses the high-low method of analysis, the total
operating expense if Tudor Retailing Company sells 6,500 units during a month would be
estimated to be:
a. $37,000
b. $44,850
c. $38,250
d. $36,679
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 16

Use the following to answer questions 81-82:

The management of Casablanca Manufacturing Corporation believes that machine-hours is an

appropriate measure of activity for overhead cost Shown below are machine-hours and total
overhead costs for the past six months:

Machine- Overhead
Hours Cost
Jan 150,000 $339,000
Feb 140,000 $328,000
Mar 160,000 $350,000
Apr 130,000 $319,500
May 170,000 $362,500
Jun 200,000 $400,000

Assume that the relevant range includes all of the activity levels mentioned in this problem.

81. If Casablanca expects to incur 185,000 machine hours next month, what will the
estimated total overhead cost be using the high-low method?
a. $212,750
b. $359,750
c. $382,750
d. $381,700

82. What is Casablanca's independent variable?

a. the year c. the total overhead cost
b. the machine hours d. the relevant range

Use the following to answer questions 83 - 84:

The management of the Medulla Fitness Club believes that the attendance by its members is an
appropriate activity measure for total operating cost Shown below are attendance figures and total
operating costs for the past six months:

Members Operating
Attendance Cost
Jan 150,000 $786,000
Feb 130,000 $735,000
Mar 160,000 $792,000
Apr 120,000 $706,000
May 170,000 $799,000
Jun 190,000 $874,000

Assume that the relevant range includes all of the activity levels mentioned in this problem.

83. If Medulla expects to have 180,000 members attend the club in July, what will the
estimated total operating cost be using the high-low method?
a. $836,500
b. $837,000
c. $850,000
d. $852,000

84. What is Medulla's dependent variable?

a. the month c. the total operating cost
b. the members' attendance d. the relevant range
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 17

Use the following to answer questions 85 - 86:

Cosco, Inc. has accumulated the following data for the cost of maintenance on its machinery
for the last four months:

Month Maintenance Cost Machine Hours

September $26,020 21,000
October $24,600 18,500
November $22,300 15,000
December $25,100 19,000

Assume that the relevant range includes all of the activity levels mentioned in this problem

85. Assuming Cosco Company uses the high-low method of analysis, the fixed cost of
maintenance would be estimated to be:
a. $14,500
b. $ 5,020
c. $13,000
d. $12,320

86. Assuming Cosco Company uses the high-low method of analysis, if machine hours are
budgeted to be 20,000 hours then the budgeted total maintenance cost would be expected
to be:
a. $25,400
b. $25,560
c. $23,700
d. $24,720

Use the following to answer questions 87-89:

The following production and average cost data for two levels of monthly production volume
have been supplied by a company that produces a single product:

Production volume .................................... 1,000 units 3,000 units

Direct materials ......................................... $13.20 per unit $13.20 per unit
Direct labor ................................................ $14.50 per unit $14.50 per unit
Manufacturing overhead ........................... $65.40 per unit $29.40 per unit

87. The best estimate of the total monthly fixed manufacturing cost is:
a. $65,400
b. $88,200
c. $93,100
d. $54,000

88. The best estimate of the total variable manufacturing cost per unit is:
a. $39.10
b. $27.70
c. $11.40
d. $13.20

89. The best estimate of the total cost to manufacture 1,200 units is closest to:
a. $68,520
b. $100,920
c. $111,720
d. $90,120
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 18

Use the following to answer questions 90-92:

Solo Company is a small merchandising firm. During the next month, the company expects to sell
500 units. The company has the following revenue and cost structure:

Selling price per unit ..................... $60

Cost per unit .................................. $15
Sales commission .......................... 10% of sales
Advertising expense ...................... $5,000 per month
Administrative expense ................. $3,000 per month plus 20% of sales

90. The expected gross margin next month is:

a. $ 5,500
b. $22,500
c. $13,500
d. $ 7,500

91. The expected total administrative expense next month is:

a. $3,000
b. $4,000
c. $9,000
d. $6,000

92. The expected net operating income is:

a. $22,500
b. $ 5,500
c. $ 7,500
d. $13,500

Use the following to answer questions 92 - 96:

Dizzy Amusement Park is open from 8:00 am till midnight every day of the year. Dizzy charges its
patrons a daily entrance fee of $30 per person which gives them unlimited access to all of the
park's 35 rides.

93. Dizzy gives out a free T-shirt to every 100th customer entering the park. The cost of this T-shirt
would best be described as a:
a. fixed cost
b. mixed cost
c. step-variable cost
d. true variable cost

94. For liability insurance, Dizzy pays a set monthly fee plus a small additional amount for every
patron entering the park. The cost of liability insurance would best be described as a:
a. fixed cost
b. mixed cost
c. step-variable cost
d. true variable cost

95. Dizzy employees a certified operator for each of its 35 rides. Each operator is paid $20 per
hour. The cost of the certified operators would best be described as a:
a. fixed cost
b. mixed cost
c. step-variable cost
d. true variable cost
 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING PART 1 – MIDTERM EXAMINATION 19

96. Dizzy donates $2 of every entrance fee to a local homeless shelter. This charitable
contribution would best be described as a:
a. fixed cost
b. mixed cost
c. step-variable cost
d. true variable cost

Use the following to answer questions 97 - 100:

Donner Company would like to estimate the variable and fixed components of its maintenance
costs and has compiled the following data for the last five months of operations.

Labor Maintenance
Hours Cost
January 160 $617
February 130 $553
March 180 $596
April 190 $623
May 110 $532

97. Using the high-low method of analysis, the estimated variable cost per labor hour for
maintenance is closest to:
a. $0.83
b. $1.84
c. $1.30
d. $1.14

98. Using the high-low method of analysis, the estimated total fixed cost per month for
maintenance is closest to:
a. $440
b. $407
c. $470
d. $0

99. Using the least-squares regression method, the estimated variable cost per labor hour for
maintenance is closest to:
a. $1.88
b. $1.52
c. $1.09
d. $1.96

100. Using the least-squares regression method, the estimated total fixed cost per month for
maintenance is closest to:
a. $470
b. $416
c. $400
d. $378