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Revision Question Bank

Statistics
1. The mean of the following frequency table is 50 but the frequencies f1 and f2 in class
intervals 20-40 and 60-80 are missing. Find the missing frequencies.
Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 Total
Frequency 17 f1 32 f2 19 120
Solution :
Let the assumed mean be A = 50 and h = 20.
Table for step deviation is given below
Class xi  A
Frequency (f1) Mid value ui  Fiui
interval h
0-20 17 10 -2 -34
29-40 f1 30 -1 -fi
40-60 32 50 0 0
60-80 f2 70 1 f2
80-100 19 90 2 38
Total N   fi  68  f1  f2 f u
i i  4  f1  f2
We have,
N   fi  120 given
 68 + f1 + f2 = 120
 f1 + f2 = 52 ………(i)
But Mean = 50 [given]
1 
A  h   fiui   50
N 
 4  f1  f2 
 50  20     50
 120 
4  f1  f2
 50   50
6
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4  f1  f2
 0
6
 4  f1  f2  0
 f1  f2  4 ………….(ii)
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get f1 = 28 and f2 =24
2. If the mean of the following distribution is 6. Find the value of p.
xi 2 4 6 10 p+5
fi 3 2 3 1 2
Solution :
xi fi fixi
2 3 6
4 2 8
6 3 18
10 1 10
P +5 2 2P + 10
Total  f  11
i f x i i  2p  52
Here, mean = 6,  f  11 and  f x

i i i  2p  52
f x
i i
 Mean 
fi
2p  52
 6
11
 2p  52  66
 2p  66  52
 2p  14
14
p 7
2
3. Compute the median from the following data.
Mid value 115 125 135 145 155 165 175 185 195
Frequency 6 25 48 72 116 60 38 22 3

Solution :
We have, the mid values so, firstly we, should find the upper and lower limits of the
various classes. The difference between two consecutive values is
h = 125 –115 =10.
Lower limit of a class = Mid value – h/ 2 Upper limit = Mid value + h/ 2 Table for
cumulative frequency is given below
Cumulative
Mid value Class groups Frequency frequency
115 110-120 6 6
125 120-130 25 31
135 130-140 48 79
145 140-150 72 151
155 150-160 116 267
165 160-170 60 327
175 170-180 38 365
185 180-190 22 387
195 190-200 3 390
Total N   fi  390
We have,
N=390
390
Now, N fi   195
2
The cumulative frequency just greater than N/2. i.e. 195 is 267 and the corresponding
class is 150-160. So, 150-160 is the median class.
I = 150, f = 116, h = 10, cf = 151
N
 cf 195  151
Median= l  2  h  150   10
f 116
44  10 440
= 150   150 
116 116
= 150 + 3.79 = 153.76

4. If the median of the distribution of 60 students given below is 28.5, find the values of x
and y.
Class 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
Number of students 5 x 20 15 y 5
Solution :
Table for cumulative frequency is given below
Class interval Frequency(f) Cumulative

0-10 5 5
10-20 X 5+x
20-30 20 25+x
30-40 15 40+x
40-50 Y 40+x+y
50-60 5 45+x + y
Total  f  60
i
We have, Median = 28.5

Clearly, it lies in the class interval 20-30.
So, 20-30 is the median class.
 l = 20, h = 10, / = 20, cf = 5 + x and N = 60
N
 cf
Median = l  2 h
f
30  5  x 
 28.20 +  10
20
25  x 25  x
 28.5  20   8.5 
2 2
25  x  17  x  8
We have, N = 60

45 + x + j = 60  x + y = 15 On putting x = 8 in x + y = 15, we get y = 7 Hence,

x = 8 and 7 = 7
5. Compute the median for the following cumulative frequency distribution.
Less than 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
cf 0 4 16 30 46 66 82 92 100
Solution :
We are given less than cumulative frequency distribution. So, we first construct a
frequency table from the given less than cumulative frequency distribution and then we
will make necessary computations to compute median.
Frequency (f) frequency (cf)
Class intervals
20-30 4 4
30-40 12 16
40-50 14 30
50-60 16 46
60-70 20 66
70-80 16 82
80-90 10 92
90-100 8 100
Total  f  100
i
Here, N   fi  100
N
Now,  50
2
N
We observe that, the cumulative frequency just N greater than = 50 is 66 and the
2
corresponding a class is 60-70.
So, 60-70 is the median class.
l = 60, f= 20, cf = 46and h = 10

N
 cf
Median = l  2 h
f
50  46 40
 Median  60   10  60   62
20 20
6. The following data gives the distribution of total household expenditure (in Rs) of manual
workers in a city.
Expenditure
1000-1500 1500-2000 2000-2500 2500-3000 3000-3500 3500-4000 4000-4500 4500-5000
(in Rs)
Frequency 24 40 33 28 30 22 16 7
Find the mode from the above data.
Solution :
We observe that, the class 1500-2000 has the maximum frequency 40.
So, it is the modal class such that
l= 1500, h = 500, f1 = 40, f0= 24 and f2 = 33
f1  f0
Mode  l   500
2f1  f0  f2
40  24
= 1500   500
80  24  33
16
=1500+  500  1500  374.826  1847.826
23
7. Draw an ogive for the following frequency distribution by less than method.
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
Number of
7 10 23 51 6 3
students
Solution :
Firstly we prepare the cumulative frequency distribution table by less than method as
given below.

Cumulative
Number of
Mark Marks less than students
students
frequency
0-10 7 10 7
10-20 10 20 17
20-30 23 30 40
30-40 51 40 91
40-50 6 50 97
50-60 3 60 100
Other than the given class interval, we assume a class 10-0 before the first class interval
0-10 with zero frequency.
Now, we mark the upper class limits (including the imagined class) along X-axis on a
suitable scale and the cumulative frequencies along Y-axis on a suitable scale.
Thus, we plot the points (0,0), (10,7), (20,17), (30,40), (40, 91), (50, 97) and (60, 100).
Now, we join the plotted points by a free hand curve to obtain the required ogive.
8. The median of the distribution given below is 14.4. Find the values of x and y, if the total
frequency is 20.
Class interval 0-6 6-12 12-18 18-24 24-30

Frequency 4 X 5 Y 1
Solution :
Table for cumulative frequency in given below

Class interval Frequency Cumulative frequency

0-6 4 4+0=4
6-12 X 4 + x = (4 +x)
12-18 5 5 + (4+x) = 9+ x
18-24 Y Y +(9+x) = 9 + x + y
24-30 1 1 + (9 + x + y) = 10 + x + y
Since, N = 20
10 + x + y = 20
 x + y = 20 –10
 x + y = 10 ………(i)
Also, we have
Median = 14.4
which lies in the class interval 12-18
The median class is 12-18, such that
l = 12, f = 5, cf = 4 +x and h = 6
N 
 2  cf 
  h
 f 
 
 10   4  x  
 14.4  12    6
 5 
 4x 
 14.4  12  2  6    h
 5 
 24  6x 
 2.4  12   
 5 
24  6x
  12  2.4  9.6
5
 24  6x   9.6  5
 6x  48  24  24
24
x 4
6
From eqs.(i),
x + y = 10
 4 + y = 10 [put x =4]

 y = 10–4 =6
Thus, x =4 and y = 6
9. Find the mean, mode and median of the following data.
Class Frequency
0-10 3
10-20 4
20-30 7
30-40 15
40-50 10
50-60 7
60-70 4
Solution :
Let the assumed mean ‘A’ = 35
Here, h =10
x i  35
 ui 
10
Table for step deviation and their product with corresponding frequency in given below
Class x i  35
xi fi Cf ui  fiui
interval 10
0-10 5 3 3+0=3 -3 -9
10-20 15 4 4+3=7 -2 -8
20-30 25 7 7+7=14 -1 -7
30-40 35 15 15+14=29 0 0
40-50 45 10 10+29=39 1 10
50-60 55 7 7+39=46 2 14
60-70 65 4 4+46=50 3 12
Total  f  50
i u f x
i i i  12
Here,  f  50 ,  u f x
i i i i  12
  uifi 
(i) = A   h
  i 
f
 12 
  35     10
 50 

12
= 35   25  2.5  37.4
5
(ii) To find mode
Here, greatest frequency = 15
 Modal class = 30-40
l = 30, f1 =15, f0 = 7, f2 = 10 and h = 10
 f f 
l   1 0 h
 2f1  f0  f2 
 15  7 
= 35     10
 2  15   7  10 
 8 
= 35     10
 30  17 
8 80
= 35   10  35 
13 13
= 35+6.15=41.15
(iii) To find median
Here, N = 50
N 50
Now,   25
2 2
 median class is 30-40.
such that cf = 14, f =15 and h = 10
N 
 2  cf 
l h
 f 
 
 25  14   11 
= 30     10  30   15   10
 15   
22
= 30   30  7.3  37.3
3
10. Draw a cumulative frequency curve for the following frequency distribution by less than
method.
Age (in year) 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69
Number of persons 5 15 20 23 17 11 9

Solution :
The given frequency distribution is not continuous. So, we first make it continuous and
prepare the cumulative frequency distribution as under
Cumulative
Age(in year) Frequency Age less than
Frequency
0.5-9.5 5 9.5 5
9.5-19.5 15 19.5 20
19.5-29.5 20 29.5 40
29.5-39.5 23 39.5 63
39.5-49.5 17 49.5 80
49.5-59.5 11 59.5 91
59.5-69.5 9 69.5 100
Now, we plot points (9.5, 5), (19.5,20), (29.5,40), (39.5,63), (49.5,80), (59.5,91) and
(69.5,100) and join them by a free hand smooth curve to obtain the required ogive.
Solutions: In your E-mail ID Provided By You

Chapter Test {Statistics}

M: Marks: 40 M: Time: 40 Min.
1. A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the whole
term. Find the mean number of days. [4]
Number of
0-6 6-10 10-14 14-20 20-28 28-38 38-40
days
Number of
11 10 7 4 4 3 1
students
Solution:
Table for mid value and their product with corresponding frequency is given below
Number of days Number of Mid value fi x i
students
0-6 11 3 33
6-10 10 8 80
10-14 7 12 84
14-20 4 17 68
20-28 4 24 96
28-38 3 33 99
38-40 1 39 39
Total  fi  40  fixi  499
Here, f  40
i
and  f x  499
i i
 Mean, x  
fx i i
f i
499
=
40
= 12.48
Hence, mean number of days is 12.48.
2. If the median of the distribution given below is 29.5, then find the values of x and y. [4]

Class interval Frequency

0-10 5
10-20 a
20-30 10
30-40 15
40-50 b
50-60 5
Total 50
Solution:
Here, N = 50
Now, construct a cumulative frequency table from the given data.
Class interval Frequency Cumulative Frequency
0-10 5 5
10-20 A 5+a
20-30 10 15+a
30-40 15 30+a
40-50 b 30 + a + b
50-60 5 35 = a + b
Total N = 50 N = 35 + a + b
Since, median is 28.5, so median class is 20-30.
Here, N = 50, l = 20, h = 10, f = 20 and cf = 5 + a
N 
  cf 
2
 Median = l  h   
f
 50 
 2  5  a  
 29.5 = 20 + 10 ×
20
25  5  a
 29.5  20 
2
40  20  a
 29.5 
2
 59 = 40 + 20 – a
 a = 60 – 59
 a=1

Also, 50 = 35 + a + b
 15 = 1 + b [put a = 1]
 b = 14
3. The following frequency distribution gives the monthly consumption of electricity of 68

consumers of a locality. Find the median of the data. [4]
Monthly
65-85 85-105 105-125 125-145 145-165 165-185 185-205
consumption
Number of
4 5 13 20 14 8 4
consumers
Solution:
Monthly consumption Number of consumers Cumulative frequency
(in unit)  fi  (cf)
65-85 4 4
85-105 5 9
105-125 13 22 cf
125-145 20 = f 42
145-165 14 56
165-185 8 64
185-205 4 68
Total N = 68
Here, N = 68
N 68
Now,   34
2 2
Thus, 34 lies in the cumulative frequency 42. So, median class is 125-145.
Here, l = 125, f = 20, cf = 22
h = 145 – 125 = 20
N 
 2  cf 
 Median = l   h
 f 
 

 34  22 
= 125     20
 20 
12
= 125   20
20
= = 125+12 = 137
Hence, the median of given data is 137.
4. For the following frequency distribution, find the value of f1 and f2, if mean is given to be
50. [4]
Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 Total

Frequency f1 28 f2 24 19 120
Solution:
Let assumed mean A = 50 and h = 20
Table for step deviation and their product with corresponding frequency is given below
Class Frequency Mid value xi  A
ui  ui x i
interval (fi) (xi) h
f1
–2f1
0-20 28 10 –2
–28
20-40 f2 30 –1
0
40-60 24 50 0
24
60-80 19 70 1
38
80-100 90 2
Total 120 = 71 + f1 +f2 u x

i i  34  2f1
We have, 71 + f1 + f2 =120
 f1 +f2 =120 – 71
 f1  f2  49 ..(i)
  ui x i 
Mean, x  A  h  
  f 
 i 

 50 = 50 + 20 ×
34  2f1 
120
34  2f1
 0  34  2f1  0
6
34
 f1   17
2
On putting the value of f1 in Eq. (i), we get
17+f2 =49  2 =49 – 17= 32
Hence, f1 =17 and f2 =32
5. Given below is the frequency distribution of the heights of students in a school. [4]
Height
160-162 163-165 166-168 169-171 172-174
(in cm)
Number of
15 118 142 127 18
students
Solution:
Clearly, we have to find the mode of data. The given data is an inclusive series. So, we
convert it into an exclusive form, as given below
Class interval Frequency
159.5-162.5 15
162.5-165.5 118
165.5-168.5 142
168.5.171.5 127
171.5.174.5 18
Clearly, the class interval 165.5-168.5 has maximum frequency, so it is the modal class.
 l = 1655, f1 = 142, f0 = 118,
f2  127 and h  3


Now, Mode, Mo  l  h 
 f1  f0  


 2f1  f0  f2  


 {142  118} 

= 165.5 + 3  

  2  142  118  127  

 3  24 
= 1655 +  
 284  245 
 3  24 
= 165.5   
 39 
24
= 165.5 
13
= 165.5+1.85 = 167.35
Thus, mode= 167.35 cm
Hence, the average height of maximum number of students is 167.35 cm.
6. The following table gives the height of trees. [4]

Height Number of trees
Less than 7 26
Less than 14 57
Less than 21 92
Less than 28 134
Less than 35 216
Less than 42 287
Less than 49 341
Less than 56 360
Draw less than ogive’ and ‘more than ogive’
Solution:
Given distribution is cumulative frequency distribution of less than type.
Less Less Less Less Less Less Less Less
Height than than than than than than than than
7 14 21 38 35 42 49 56
Number
26 57 92 134 216 287 341 360
of trees
Now, we mark the upper class limits along X- axis and cumulative frequency along
y-axis. Thus, we plot the points (7, 26), (14, 57), (21, 92), (28, 134), (35, 216), (42,
287), (49, 341) and (56, 360). Join all these points by a free hand smooth curve to

obtain an ogive of less than type.

The cumulative frequency distribution of more than type is
Cumulative
Height Frequency More than type
frequency
26
0-7 More than or equal to 0 360
57 – 26 = 31
92 – 57 = 35
134 – 92 = 92
216 – 134 = 82
287 – 216 = 71
341 – 287 = 54
360 – 341 = 19
Now, we mark the lower class limits along X-axis and cumulative frequency along
Y-axis. Thus, we plot the points (0, 360), (7,334), (14, 303), (21, 268), (28, 226),
(35, 144), (42, 73) and (49, 19).

7. Find the value of p, if the mean of the following distribution is 7.5. [4]
X 3 5 7 9 11 13
Y 6 8 15 p 8 4
Solution:
Calculation of Mean
xi fi fixi
3 6 18
5 8 40
7 15 105
9 p 9p
11 8 88
13 4 52
N   fi  41  p  fixi  303  9p
We have,  fi  41  p,  fixi  303  9p

 fi x i
 Mean =
 fi
303  9p
 7.5 
41  p
 7.5 × (41 + p) = 303 + 9p
 307.5 + 7.5p = 303 + 9p
 9p – 7.5p = 307.5 – 303  1.5p = 4.5  p = 3
8. Find the mean, mode and median for the following data. [4]
Class
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50
interval
Frequency 8 16 36 34 6
Solution:
Table for cumulative frequency and product with mid values and frequency is given
below

Class Frequency Mid value Cumulative fi x i

interval ( fi )  xi  frequency
40
0-10 8 5 8
240
10-20 16 15 24
900
20-30 36 25 60
1190
30-40 34 35 94
270
40-50 6 45 100
Total  f  100
i f x
i i  2640
Here, N = f1 =100 and  f x i i = 2640
x
fi x i 2640
 = 26.4
f i 100
Here, N = 100
N 100
   50
2 2
Cumulative frequency just greater than 50 is 60 and the corresponding class is 20-30.
 l =20, h = 30 – 20=10, f = 36 and cf = 24
 N 
  cf 
Median, M e  l  h  2 
 f 
 
 50  24   10  26 
= 20  10    20  
 36   36 
 65  180  65 245
=  20      27.2
 9  9 9
and mode = 3 × median – 2 x mean
= 3 × 27.2 – 2 × 26.4

= 81.6-52.8 = 28.8
9. A survey was conducted by a group of students as a part of their environment awareness
programme, in which they collected the following data regarding the number of plants in
20 houses in a locality. [4]
Number
0-2 2-4 4-6 6-8 8-10 10-12 12-14
of plants
Number
1 2 1 5 6 2 3
of houses
(i) Which mathematical concept will be used in the question?
(ii) Find the average (mean) number of plants per house.
(iii) Which method did you use for finding the mean and why?
(iv) What value (s) (quality) of the student is represented in the environment awareness
programme. [4]
Solution :
(i) Mean
(ii) 8.1 plants
Calculation of Mean
Class-Interval Mid-values (xi) Frequency (fi) fixi

1
0–2 1 1
3
2–4 2 6
5
4–6 1 6
7
6–8 5 35
9
8–10 6 54
11
10–12 2 22
13
12–14 3 39
N   fi  20 i fi xi  162

 fi x i
Mean =
 fi
162
 Mean =
20
= 8.1
(iii) We have used direct method, Because the numerical values of x and f are small.
(iv) Making people aware of the importance of plant in nature.
10. A survey was conducted by a group of students regarding the number of family
members (family size) in 30 families of a locality. The data obtained was as follows:
Family size 1-5 5-9 9-13 13-17 17-21 Total

Number of
5 4 3 7 4 23
families
(i)Find the median family size for the above data.
(ii) What value is indicated from the data? [4]
Solution:
(i) Computation of Median
Class Frequency Cumulative frequency

1–5 5 5
5–9 4 9
9–13 3 12
13–17 7 19
17–21 4 23
We have N = 23
N 23
   11.5
2 2
The cumulative frequency just greater than N/2 12 and the corresponding class is 9–13.
Thus, 9–13 is the median class such that
l = 9, f = 3, f = 9 and h = 4

N
F
 Median = l  2 h
f
11.5  9
= 9 ×4
3
25
=9+ 4
30
10
= 9  9  3.33
3
= 12.33

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Pioneer Education {The Best Way To Success} IIT – JEE /AIPMT/NTSE/Olympiads Classes

Revision Question Bank

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Here, mean = 6,  f  11 and  f x

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Class interval Frequency(f) Cumulative

We have, Median = 28.5

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45 + x + j = 60  x + y = 15 On putting x = 8 in x + y = 15, we get y = 7 Hence,

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Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60

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Class interval 0-6 6-12 12-18 18-24 24-30

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Class interval Frequency Cumulative frequency

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Solutions: In your E-mail ID Provided By You

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Chapter Test {Statistics}

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Class interval Frequency

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3. The following frequency distribution gives the monthly consumption of electricity of 68

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Class interval 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100 Total

Total 120 = 71 + f1 +f2 u x

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6. The following table gives the height of trees. [4]

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obtain an ogive of less than type.

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We have,  fi  41  p,  fixi  303  9p

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Class Frequency Mid value Cumulative fi x i

Here, N = f1 =100 and  f x i i = 2640

 l =20, h = 30 – 20=10, f = 36 and cf = 24

and mode = 3 × median – 2 x mean

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9. A survey was conducted by a group of students as a part of their environment awareness

20 houses in a locality. [4]

(ii) Find the average (mean) number of plants per house.

(ii) 8.1 plants

Class-Interval Mid-values (xi) Frequency (fi) fixi

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Family size 1-5 5-9 9-13 13-17 17-21 Total

(ii) What value is indicated from the data? [4]

(i) Computation of Median

Class Frequency Cumulative frequency

Thus, 9–13 is the median class such that

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